Hair Salons Research Articles

A Study on the Expansion Possibility of Online to Offline (O2O) Service in Cosmetology Industry

The Korea Broadcast Advertising Corporation (KOBACO) announced that 2018 consumer trends are ‘comfortable’ and ‘convenient’. These days, people seek for convenient services in their hectic daily routine, and the online to offline (O2O) services have met such consumer needs and wants. The O2O services have provided diverse reservation services such as delivery, transportation and accommodations by connecting the online and offline worlds. They are also having a positive influence on cosmetology industry by improving business systems for small salons and correcting problems such as ‘no show’. This study investigated if such interesting aspect of the O2O services can be expanded to other fields in cosmetology. For this, it has investigated the most famous O2O services in cosmetology - Kakao Hair Salon Booking, Naver Hair Salon Booking - and other services which are forming stable O2O market such as delivery/taxi reservation services. Based on the results, it has analyzed the factors establishing such O2O service market in cosmetology in three aspects (economic aspect, market size, platform) and examined their growth potential.

Chemical makers open New York City–area labs

Two chemical firms, Clariant and International Flavors & Fragrances, have opened personal and home care innovation centers just outside New York City. The new facilities reinforce the attraction of the region to ingredient makers because of the plethora of nearby consumer product firms and its diverse population. Clariant’s 1,300 m2 consumer care innovation center in New Providence, New Jersey, is intended to capture consumer trends and address regional formulation needs. It also provides a place to work with customers on evaluating and testing skin, hair, and cleaning formulations. The center features a hair salon and washing machines that allow real-world testing of product formulations. Clariant has also equipped the center with a lab that includes rheometers, combing machines, and skin characterization equipment for claims substantiation. When fully staffed, the center will employ about 25 technical and marketing people. Christian Vang, head of Clariant’s industrial and consumer specialties business, ...

라이프스타일 유형에 따른 미용실 선택속성과 뷰티관리행동의 차이에 대한 연구

본 연구의 목적은 라이프스타일 유형에 따른 미용실 선택속성과 뷰티관리행동에 차이를 알아보는 것이다.BR 연구방법은 서울, 인천과 경기도에 거주하는 10대에서 50대까지 남성과 여성, 522명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문지 측정방법으로 조사하였다. 통계처리는 SPSS 20.0을 사용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 분산분석 그리고 사후분석인 던컨테스트를 하였다.BR 연구결과는 라이프스타일 차원의 3요인(유행지향, 사교중시, 가족중시)에 따라 라이프스타일 유형은 3집단(유행·사교 중시형, 가족중심형, 가족무관심형)으로 분류되었다. 라이프스타일 유형에 따라 미용실 선택속성 요인인 ‘정보제공’, ‘시설중시’ 및 ‘비용중시’에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 라이프스타일 유형에 따라 뷰티관리행동인 ‘피부관리’, ‘네일관리’ 및 ‘헤어관리’행동에 유의미한 차이가 나타났다.BR 결론적으로 조사대상자의 라이프스타일 유형에 따라 미용실 선택속성과 뷰티관리행동에 유의미한 차이가 나타났다.

Occupational Exposures Among Hair and Nail Salon Workers: a Scoping Review.

To review the literature published from 2014 to 2019 on hair and nail salon workers concerning exposure assessment, reproductive and respiratory endpoints, and endocrine disruption, in relation to workplace exposures. We identified 29 relevant peer-reviewed publications. Overall, there were insufficient studies to determine whether working in these settings is associated with reproductive health endpoints, although prior studies suggest that reproductive effects are of concern. There is consistent evidence that working in hair and nail salons may increase the risk of respiratory effects. Also, despite the fact that many hair and nail care products contain endocrine disrupting compounds, no recent studies have evaluated endocrine-related endpoints. Moreover, few studies have evaluated chemical exposures in these settings and biomonitoring studies are sparse. Improved exposure assessment of chemical hazards in hair and nail salons is necessary to properly characterize occupational exposures and assess their potential health risks. Further studies on endpoints related to endocrine disruption and reproductive health outcomes among hair and nail salon workers are needed. Improved exposure and epidemiologic studies will help inform chemical exposure mitigation efforts in a vulnerable occupational population, as well as policies related to workplace and consumer product safety.

When do low-initiative employees feel responsible for change and speak up to managers?

Research on proactive motivation has shown that employees' personal initiative tendency relates positively to the responsibility they feel for change, which then predicts upward voice. This study focuses on circumstances when low-initiative employees feel responsible for change and speak up. We examine how the interpersonal work environment (i.e., transformational leadership and psychological safety) moderates the indirect relationship between personal initiative tendency and upward voice via felt responsibility. We collected multi-source survey data from 133 employees, their co-workers, and managers working in 41 automotive repair shops and hair salons. At the first stage of the indirect effect, managers' transformational leadership substituted for employees' personal initiative tendency in predicting the responsibility employees felt for change. At the second stage, psychological safety operated as a catalyst: Employees' feelings of responsibility and upward voice were not related in low psychologically safe workgroups, but were positively related in high psychologically safe workgroups. To help low-initiative employees feel responsible for change and speak up at work, organizations and managers need to promote both the value of change and safety in taking interpersonal risks.

Assessment of Occupational Safety and Hygiene Perception among Afro-Caribbean Hair Salon Operators in Manchester, United Kingdom.

Because of exposure to a number of potential health hazards within the work environment, hairstylists experience occupational diseases that include occupational asthma, skin conditions and musculoskeletal diseases. The paucity of studies assessing occupational safety and hygiene management among Afro-Caribbean hair salon operators in the UK promoted the study. QualtricsTM was used to assess the participants’ perception of exposure to hair products and their personal safety and hygiene knowledge, attitudes, awareness, and risk perceptions at work. In five salons, indoor air quality was monitored over one working week for selected environmental pollutants: temperature, humidity, CO, CO2 and Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs) using a GrayWolf Direct Sense Indoor Air Quality-IAQ (IQ-610). The use of unflued gas heating to raise the indoor temperature was common among the salons’ operators which explains the high carbon monoxide readings recorded. Itchy eyes and nose (44.4%) shoulder, neck and back pain (39.2%) were frequently reported. Age-stratified analysis of reported occupational ailments showed participants within an age bracket of 31–35 reported allergies (24%) and itchy eyes and nose (19.1%) as the most common of occupational ailments. Respiratory, skin and musculoskeletal symptoms ranked as major occupational ill-health experiences among the study population. The study outcome demonstrated that the type of activity and the hair products used play an important role in the level of pollutants in the working environment. The substitution of the more harmful hair products with safer alternatives is needed, as is the encouragement of health surveillance.

A review of contamination status, emission sources, and human exposure to volatile methyl siloxanes (VMSs) in indoor environments.

Siloxanes are organo-silicon compounds containing Si-O-Si linkages and methyl branches. Depending on the structure, siloxanes can be divided into cyclic and linear compounds. Methyl siloxanes with small and medium molecular weights (molecular weights less than 500 g mol-1), are volatile under normal conditions, and hence are referred to as volatile methyl siloxanes (VMSs). VMSs are additive ingredients in many products such as plastics, rubber, personal care products, and household items. This review provides information on the distribution of VMSs in consumer products, indoor air and dust, and their implications for human exposure. VMSs have been used in personal care products and household items at concentrations on the order of hundreds to thousands of micrograms per gram which are the main sources of contamination in the indoor environments. VMSs have been found widely in indoor air and dust. A significant correlation existed between VMS concentrations in indoor air and dust. Among typical VMSs, dodecamethylcylcopentasiloxane (D5) is the major compound found in indoor environments. The human exposure doses to VMSs through dermal absorption, dust ingestion, and inhalation were compiled; Inhalation is a dominant pathway of exposure to VMSs, especially in indoor environments of occupational settings like hair salons. The human exposure doses were higher in children than in adults.

Contraception, HIV Services, and PrEP in South African Hair Salons: A Qualitative Study of Owner, Stylist, and Client Perspectives

Women experience challenges engaging with the healthcare system, but frequently utilize hair salons; these are promising venues for family planning and HIV prevention services. Our objective was to assess the acceptability of nurse-offered contraceptive and PrEP services at hair salons in Durban, South Africa. We interviewed salon owners (N = 10) and clients (N = 42) and conducted focus groups with hair stylists (N = 43 stylists; 6 focus groups across five hair salons) to explore barriers and facilitators to providing contraception and PrEP in salons. After developing a codebook, we performed content analysis to identify themes within each conceptual area; 10% of transcripts were coded by two coders to ensure reliability. Content was analyzed according to the following categories: (1) facilitators of and (2) barriers to utilizing these services, and (3) factors to consider for program implementation. Participants identified convenience and female-oriented, supportive atmosphere as facilitators to offering HIV and contraceptive services in salons. Owners and stylists noted that establishing legitimacy was important for program success, including providing promotional pamphlets and employing nurses. Clients cited privacy concerns surrounding HIV testing in a public space as a significant barrier to using these services. Overall, participants were enthusiastic about the program. Convenience and a conducive environment were noted as facilitators to receiving health services in the hair salon; attention will have to be directed to establishing privacy and program legitimacy. Hair salons represent an innovative venue for reaching young women at high-risk for unintended pregnancy and HIV infection.

Resilience Effects on Turnover Intention of Hair Salon Workers: Centered on the Mediating Effect of Burnout

This study investigated the resilience effects on turnover intention of hair salon workers. In order to find new factors that affect turnover intention, researcher selected the field of resilience and burnout. This study focused on burnout at work. The degree of burnout can vary depending on an individual’s resilience level. Considering the fact that it is a crucial element which can cause turnover intention, it is the time to concentrate on enhancing manpower. Resilience was establised as an independent variable, turnover intention was set up as an dependent variable, and burnout as parameters in this study. A questionnaire was conducted on 687 employees of the hair salon. SPSS were used for analysis. The results found the following : First, resilience has a negative effect on burnout and turnover intention while burnout reveals a positive influence on turnover intention. Second, burnout showed a partial mediating effect between resilience and turnover intention. It is crucial to manage hair salon service employees’ burnout and urgent to develop and apply a program which can enhance resilience. Securing positive personnel can increase the securement rate of regular customers and have competitiveness in image improvement and sales improvement than other salons.

Emotional Intelligence, Customer Orientation, and the Organizational Performance of Hair Salon Workers

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of emotional intelligence on the customer orientation and organizational performance of hair salon workers and the effects of customer orientation on their organizational performance. Through our research, we recognized the importance of emotional intelligence for hair salon workers, and we have suggested methods of management that are likely to be more effective. Methods: Data from 239 questionnaires administered to hair salon workers in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas were analyzed using frequency and reliability analyses by employing SPSS 22.0. Further, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model analysis were performed on the data using AMOS 21.0. Results: Emotional intelligence had a significant effect on customer orientation and organizational performance, and customer orientation had a significant effect on organizational performance. Conclusion: The implications of this study include the necessity to manage emotional intelligence efficiently and to create an atmosphere where workers can recognize and express themselves as they are. Further, workers need systemic and educational support to maximize their ability to utilize their full emotional range.

Beleza Natural: Marketing Strategies for Empowering Social Change

This case features an entrepreneur striving to rapidly grow a successful chain of hair salons that serve women with afro hair. After doubling from 13 to 26 salons across Brazil in 2014, the founders' expansion plan called for 120 Beleza Natural salons and R$1 billion in sales by 2018. CEO and cofounder Leila Velez is considering various fundamental marketing strategies to catalyze growth: Should Beleza launch a new mass-media campaign, increase promotional discounts, expand its target market to serve men, broaden its service offerings, streamline processes to reduce wait times, expand distribution channels, or franchise? Students assume the role of Velez and are asked to recommend which growth strategy would be their top priority. In doing so, they are required to evaluate how these strategies pertain to the company's business model and value proposition. They are also challenged to consider what a brand is and what makes a strong service brand in order to verify if their strategies are consistent with Beleza's brand. The teaching note outlines a framework for developing or evaluating a business model as well as developing strategies for managing growth. The case is accompanied by a series of video interviews with Velez that support case preparation, in-class discussion, and key learning points.

ANTENNEBEROEPEN IN DE LOKALE GEMEENSCHAP ALS SLEUTEL VOOR DOORVERWIJZING VAN KWETSBARE OUDEREN NAAR HULPORGANISATIES

ANTENNEBEROEPEN IN DE LOKALE GEMEENSCHAP ALS SLEUTEL VOOR DOORVERWIJZING VAN KWETSBARE OUDEREN NAAR HULPORGANISATIES

Towards customer satisfaction and loyalty: What cuts it in a hair salon?

Background: The importance of customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction as well as patron’s perceptions of service quality and value cannot be over-emphasised. Despite this, academic literature remains scant as it relates to possible relationships that could exist between these important variables within the hairdressing industry, although emerging entrepreneurs appear to find the hairdressing business attractive. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the existence and nature of the relationships between perceived value, perceived service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in hairdressing salons. Method: The quantitative study was executed from a positivist philosophical position and employed a non-probability sampling method to select its respondents. The study utilised data that were collected from customers of hair salons in Pretoria, South Africa. Responses were obtained in a cross-sectional manner by relying on the central-location intercept survey technique. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were utilised for the analysis of the data. Results: The hypothesised relationships between the independent variables of customer satisfaction and perceived value and the dependent variable of customer loyalty were statistically significant and positive. A similar association was found between perceived service quality and perceived value as independent variables and customer satisfaction as the dependent variable. The study also revealed that perceived service quality correlates positively with perceived value. Conclusion: These findings contribute to broadening the scope of academic discourse in the quality management and customer service domains, particularly from a South African perspective, and the identified relationships bear important practical implications for hair salon owners or managers.

Abundances and concentrations of brominated azo dyes detected in indoor dust

Dust samples were collected from four indoor environments, including childcare facilities, houses, hair salons, and a research facility from the USA and were analyzed for brominated compounds using full scan liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 240 brominated compounds were detected in these dust samples, and elemental formulas were predicted for 120 more abundant ions. In addition to commonly detected brominated flame retardants (BFRs), nitrogen-containing brominated azo dyes (BADs) were among the most frequently detected and abundant. Specifically, greater abundances of BADs were detected in indoor dusts from daycares and salons compared to houses and the research facility. Using authentic standards, a quantitative method was established for two BADs (DB373: Disperse Blue 373 and DV93: Disperse Violet 93) and 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline, a commonly used precursor in azo dye production, in indoor dust. Generally, greater concentrations of DB373 (≤3850 ng/g) and DV93 (≤1190 ng/g) were observed in indoor dust from daycares highlighting children as a susceptible population to potential health risk from exposure to BADs. These data are important because, to date, targeted analysis of brominated compounds in indoor environments has focused mainly on BFRs and appears to underestimate the total amount of brominated compounds.

Entrepreneurship in Africa: A Comparative Study Between Ivory Coast and Benin

Ivory Coast and Benin are both Africa’s french speaking countries located in West Africa. Border countries and with high growth of the population, the living standards of the population become very difficult. In order to find a solution to regulate this negative impact and improve the living standards of the inhabitants, both governments focus on entrepreneurship. The objectif of this study to compare entrepreneurship in Ivory Coast and entreprneurship in Benin. For this reason, we did our research in Benin and in Ivory coast in 2018 and we found in both countries eight (08) main areas of E.A (commerce, teaching “public and private schools”, transportation, communication including insurance, services, restaurants, bars, hair salon including hairdressers and barbers). To reach this goal, we have organised our research around three steps. The first step consist to compare the indicators of the both countries macroeconomics by focusing on their GDP, the level of employment, the educational rate and the use of energy. the second step was to compare the entreprenarial acivities in both countries, to show the strenghts and some weaknesses and how to solve this harsh phenomenal in order to make those areas more efficient. The last step was to promote the benefits of entrepreneurship for the population and the country. We know that our research is very useful for both countries and the whole africa, this is why in our study, we make recommendations to motivate inhabitants of both countries to create their own small businesses and we also encourage the Government of both Countries to give financial support to skilled inhabitant without revenues to help them to undertake to do their own activities to become independent . Keywords : Entrepreneurship, Ivory Coast and Benin, Skills, small business DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-16-03 Publication date :June 30 th 2019

미용실 소비자의 가격 민감도가 고객 충성도에 미치는 영향

In this study, beauty service is conducted through surveys of men, women and customers who use hair salons to determine if the sensitivity of consumers who use hair salons affect customer loyalty. The study analyzed whether the result of the parameter is shown as a parameter that is case sensitivity to customer's loyalty. As a result of phase analysis to obtain the results of the case sensitivity parameters, there were significant (+) correlations in all cases and parameter rating sensitivity had a significant (+) correlation with customer loyalty. A hierarchical analysis was performed to examine the effects of case sensitivity parameters. If the customer spends more than 50,000 won a month, the beauty service will be positively (+) affected by customer's loyalty through positive sensitivity while hypothessis No. 2 will be rejected, while a high cost will be invested in the hairstyle. In the case of customers, we know that customer loyalty is not affected. This can be considered as representing the need for differentiated services for customers who support high ratings in the field of beauty salons.

Firm organization and productivity across locations

This paper provides a new mechanism to explain variation in firm productivity across locations: variation in the internal organization of labor into hierarchical layers, which are associated with different responsibilities within the firm. To guide my analysis, I develop a theoretical model that yields two implications. First, firms in larger markets organize into a greater number of layers. Second, because they have more layers, firms in larger markets are more productive. I then use administrative data to examine the model’s implications across French employment areas and non-tradeable service industries that satisfy the model’s assumptions: Clothing and Shoe Retail, Traditional Restaurants, and Hair and Beauty Salons. The findings are consistent with the model. I also observe that 8.8% to 22.4% of the log productivity gains from denser areas arise from differences in the organization of firms. A separate analysis shows that results are similar across firms operating in the manufacturing sector.

Fighting Against Intimate Partner Violence With Hairstylists: A Pilot Study of Korean Immigrants in New York City.

This study aims to explore the potential role of hairstylists in helping intimate partner violence (IPV) victims in the Korean immigrant communities using a cross-sectional survey design that includes open- and close-ended survey questions. In all, 47 Korean hair salon stylists were surveyed on their experience with their clients related to IPV. The findings of this study reveal that a high percentage of clients disclosed their and their friends' IPV victimization to the hair salon stylists. Some of the hair salon stylists' characteristics, such as years of working and the length of residence in the United States, were statistically associated with IPV disclosure among their clients. Most hair salon stylists were willing to help their clients in general, but they were not well-prepared to help IPV victims due to a lack of resources and knowledge. We conclude that hair salons have a great potential to increase IPV-related knowledge in immigrant communities (including the Korean community) and help IPV victims pending appropriate training aimed at improving their knowledge and competencies regarding IPV identification and intervention.

An Ode to Belonging: Southern Black Women’s Politics of Belonging Through Storytelling

The laughs of black women dancing around the room as they stir large pots of food created from moments of nothing. Their bodies meshing into each other, small children melting into their hugs, and a scholar-researcher taking it all in, carrying their words and lives with her everywhere she goes. This is an Ode to Belonging, a love song to knowledges constructed in hair salons, on porches, and in small Southern churches. Their songs, jokes, arguments, and stories demand the attention of everyone around them. This article is an excerpt of a project that explores the politics of belonging employed by Southern black women. This scholar-researcher’s own memories and experiences work alongside the stories shared to create a stage play that highlights the work storytelling does for black women. This project expands on conversations on knowledge production had by black feminist scholars and feminist geographers.

Distinct Places to Address Intimate Partner Violence.

The concept of place can be used to address intimate partner violence (IPV). Place, to geographers, is a concept that helps explain how human experiences shape a sense of meaning surrounding locations. Using a grounded theory approach and qualitative interviews with service providers, we present a case study exploring how Brantford social service agencies apply placemaking strategies and take advantage of the elements of place to reduce the harm associated with IPV. Six themes arose in the interviews. Home, the women's shelter, courts, and schools were found to represent unique areas where placemaking strategies help to reduce harm. Hair salons emerged as a unique place to reach victims, whereas prison was a place that encouraged offenders to make changes. These themes show the concept of place has the potential to add insights into how IPV can be reduced and the traumas facing victims addressed.