Gray Hair Research Articles

Hundreds of body parts are named after hair: is anatomical terminology supercilious or simply super silly?

Relatively more-apparent body parts are often used to name relatively less-apparent body parts. To explore this etymological phenomenon, this report assesses anatomical terminology derived from some of the most apparent structures of the human body-hairs. Hair-related anatomical terminology involves varied etymons, roots, and derivatives: calvus "bald," cilia "eyelashes," glaber "hairless," pilus "hair," pubes (historically referring to the developing beard), pudendum "modesty" (referring to hair growth that covers genitalia), tempus "time" (referring to the location where hair commonly grays, thus showing a person's age), and tragus "goat" (referring to the tuft of hair that resembles the beard of a goat). Also including lanugo, vibrissae, hirci, flocculus, and cauda equina, a systematic review of Terminologia Anatomica and Terminologia Neuroanatomica revealed 285 unique non-duplicate hair-related terms. Several anatomical terms allude to particular age groups or sexes, but are used indiscriminately (e.g., tragus alludes to the older male ear, though may describe the fetal female ear). Likewise, human-centric anatomical terminology influences non-human anatomical terminology- a turtle has a "temporal bone" only because some humans develop gray hair on the sides of their heads as they age. Accordingly, etymological recursion is common: The human ear has a tragus, named after the goat, and the goat ear has a tragus, named after the human tragus, that was named after the goat. The use of Latin as the foundation of anatomical and medical terminology may appear seriously supercilious; however, it is often simply super silly. After all, hundreds of body parts are formally named after hair.

A study of biochemical factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice in patients with premature graying of hair

A study of biochemical factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice in patients with premature graying of hair

Premature Graying of Hair

Premature Graying of hair (PGH) is a common and psychologically distressing condition of the hair. It is seen as being aggravated by various triggering factors. But the pathogenesis and the treatment options are still under study and limited. Thus, proper and extensive research seems to be needed.

White horses - non-coding sequences drive premature hair greying and predisposition to melanoma.

The Grey allele in horses is causing premature hair greying and susceptibility to melanoma. The causal mutation is a 4.6 kb tandem duplication in intron 6 of the Syntaxin 17 gene. A recent study demonstrated that the most common allele at the Grey locus (G3) involves three tandem copies of this sequence, whilst a more rare allele (G2) has two tandem copies and the wild-type allele (G1) only one copy. The G3 allele is causing fast greying and high incidence of skin melanoma, whereas the G2 allele is causing slow greying and no obvious increase in melanoma incidence. Further somatic copy number expansion has been documented in melanoma tissue from Grey horses. Functional studies showed that this intronic sequence acts as a weak melanocyte-specific enhancer that becomes substantially stronger by the copy number expansion. The Grey mutation is associated with upregulated expression of both Syntaxin 17 and the neighbouring NR4A3 gene in Grey horse melanomas. It is still an open question which of these genes is most important for the phenotypic effects or if causality is due to the combined effect of upregulation of both genes. Interestingly, RNAseq data in the Human Protein Atlas give support for a possible role of NR4A3 because it is particularly upregulated in human skin cancer, and it belongs to a cluster of genes associated with skin cancer and melanin biosynthesis. The Grey mutation and its association with melanoma provide a possibility to study the path to tumour development in numerous Grey horses carrying exactly the same predisposing mutation.

Multiple Behavioral Risk Factors As Assets for Chronic Disease Prevention: Observations From Urban Primary Care Settings in Crete, Greece.

This study aimed to assess the health profile of patient-attendees visiting primary healthcare (PHC) practice settings in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore the relationships between multiple behavioral risk factors (MBRFs) and consultation-driven health information. Multiple behavioral risk factors involve a variety of unhealthy behaviors that are associated with an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The study design was based on a dataset analysis, afterward exploring the feasibility and diagnostic capacity of respiratory morbidity aspects from a study previously conducted. The study dataset contained information regarding socio-demographic characteristics, health habits, clinical information, and reported comorbidities from 183 primary care patient-attendees. A categorical regression analysis was performed, using as a numeric variable the multiple MBRFs (clustering of 0to four factors) in order to examine relationships with the basic and clinical characteristics of the patient-attendees. Based on this secondary analysis, it was found that the prevalence of MBRFs is quite common among patient-attendees visiting urban PHC facilities. The prevalence of current smoking, sleep deprivation, increased body weight, and medium/high perceived stress levels were 33.9%, 52.5%, 83.1%, and 35.0%, respectively. An increased occurrence of MBRFs might be significantly predicted by the lower age of patient-attendees (b = -0.221, p = 0.05), by the absence of gray hair at an early age (b = -0.144, p = 0.042), by the physical discomfort during activities (b = 0.191, p = 0.017), or by the lower oxygen saturation (b = -0.184, p = 0.004). Diabetes mellitus (25.1%) was the most prevalent condition, followed by bronchial asthma (18.6%) and depression (15.8%). Lower age, absence of premature hair whitening, physical discomfort during activities, and lower oxygen saturation are linked with an increased occurrence of MBRFs, leading to a neglected way of living. Those factors could be used to alert researchers, policymakers, and PHC professionals to act accordingly in order to prevent or early diagnose NCDs.

Development of Rice By-Products Based Hair Tonic Mixed with Traditional Thai Herbal Extracts: A Sustainable Approach for Hair Care

Previously, byproducts from Thai rice mill industry including crude riceberry oil (CRO) and broken riceberry (BRB) showed antioxidant and tyrosinase-stimulating activities. This work aimed to develop 5 hair tonic formulae by mixing CRO (0.2-1.0%) and BRB (0.4-2.0%) with three Thai traditional herbal ethanolic extracts (2.0%) of Catunaregam tomentosa (CT), Acacia concinna (AC) and Tinospora crispa (TC) in 4:3:3 (v/v). The results showed that formula 5 (F5) containing 2% BRB, 1.0% CRO and 2% herbal extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging capacity at 16.6 TEAC mg/g, FRAP value at 1.18 FeSO4 mg/g, and ABTS value at 14.9 TEAC mg/g) and tyrosinase-stimulating activity of 38%. This hair tonic was safe to use based on skin irritation test, and stable over 8-week storage at room temperature. Hence, F5 hair tonic (coded (R)) was tested on 20 subjects divided in 2 groups (older and younger age groups) with 10 individuals each in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental design with split-head method where treatments were conducted as intra-individual trial for 10, 20 and 30 days. The hair tonic coded C (Control without BRB, CRO or herbal extracts) and the commercial hair tonic coded G were tested for comparison. Adverse reactions were not noticed during the study. The hair tonic R was able to reduce hair loss by 48-71% in 2 groups with no significant difference from the commercial hair tonic. In comparison with the efficacy in the reduction of gray hair of the 2 groups at each time interval, the 2experimental (R) hair tonic product was found to be more effective in group 2 (younger age). However, the efficacy in the reduction of gray hair was lower than that in the reduction of hair loss. The experimental hair tonic R was more effective in dandruff reduction in group 1 (older age). The R hair tonic product received a satisfactory score of 6.79±0.32 out of 9.0 (moderate-to-high likeness) with the highest score from the aroma and the lowest score from the opaque color resulting from mixing aqueous herbal extract and oil. This is a sustainable way to add value to byproducts from rice mill industry and Thai traditional herbs as cosmetic elements in the formulation of hair products.

A Woman with Progressive Cough, Dyspnea, and Early Graying of Her Hair.

A Woman with Progressive Cough, Dyspnea, and Early Graying of Her Hair.

Premature gray hair development in the interbrow region owing to the loss of maxillary first molars in young mice.

The exact sites of premature hair graying and whether tooth loss causes this condition remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of reduced mastication on premature hair graying. Maxillary first molars were extracted from young mice, and the mice were observed for 3 months, along with non-extraction control group mice. After 3 months, gray hair emerged in the interbrow region of mice in the tooth extraction group but not in the control group. The expression of tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) mRNA was lower in the interbrow tissues of young mice without maxillary molars than in those with maxillary molars. Tooth loss leads to interbrow gray hair growth, possibly because of weakened trigeminal nerve input, suggesting that reduced mastication causes premature graying. Thus, prompt prosthetic treatment after molar loss is highly recommended.

Would you buy what you are selling?

I never thought I would be here. Well, that's actually not true. I knew I would, I just never thought it would happen so fast… 18 years in the blink of an eye. I am the proud father of four children, but I have only one daughter — so when it was time to start looking at colleges, a few things happened. First, I began to notice more gray hairs (I’m kidding, but not really). Second, and most relevant here, my wife and I slowly began to embrace the concept that our only daughter, the “2024” using competitive sports lingo, was now a high school senior, and she was no longer in elementary school. Time flies.

Time

Time My index finger was reaching for the up button on the elevator when the voice sounded above, Code Blue Tower 8. Code Blue Tower 8. I broke for the stairs. They were getting the paddles in place; the First Year with the floppy hair, Ethan, pumping the chest; the Night Float, Emily, manning an Ambu-Bag; Jamie, the Resident, running the code. I dared a look at the face – Ken, with whom I’d traded jokes for twenty years – Ken, whom I’d told yesterday his time was coming – he’d be back home, maybe two days. Clear! barked Jamie. Hands backed away, motion suspended. A very long second. The shape on the bed gave a shudder. Then Jamie’s voice: Excellent, a rhythm. A rhythm – but no pulse. Hands were pumping again, counting, squeezing in air. The spark was there on the screen – life, dancing across it – but none of the tiny muscles in the heart were listening. Epi. Atropine. Thirty minutes. Ethan looked up at Jamie, she shot a glance at me. Someone had to say it – and first right of refusal to the guy with gray hair. A power none of us wished for – a power none of us have – but the world pretends. I felt my head move up and down. Jamie’s eyes found the clock – 7:44 AM, she said. Time.

Age Prediction Using Resting-State Functional MRI.

The increasing lifespan and large individual differences in cognitive capability highlight the importance of comprehending the aging process of the brain. Contrary to visible signs of bodily ageing, like greying of hair and loss of muscle mass, the internal changes that occur within our brains remain less apparent until they impair function. Brain age, distinct from chronological age, reflects our brain's health status and may deviate from our actual chronological age. Notably, brain age has been associated with mortality and depression. The brain is plastic and can compensate even for severe structural damage by rewiring. Functional characterization offers insights that structural cannot provide. Contrary to the multitude of studies relying on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we utilize resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). We also address the issue of inclusion of subjects with abnormal brain ageing through outlier removal. In this study, we employ the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to identify the 39 most predictive correlations derived from the rsfMRI data. The data is from a cohort of 176 healthy right-handed volunteers, aged 18-78 years (95/81 male/female, mean age 48, SD 17) collected at the Mind Research Imaging Center at the National Cheng Kung University. We establish a normal reference model by excluding 68 outliers, which achieves a leave-one-out mean absolute error of 2.48 years. By asking which additional features that are needed to predict the chronological age of the outliers with a smaller error, we identify correlations predictive of abnormal aging. These are associated with the Default Mode Network (DMN). Our normal reference model has the lowest prediction error among published models evaluated on adult subjects of almost all ages and is thus a candidate for screening for abnormal brain aging that has not yet manifested in cognitive decline. This study advances our ability to predict brain aging and provides insights into potential biomarkers for assessing brain age, suggesting that the role of DMN in brain aging should be studied further.

Premature Graying of Hair: A Comprehensive Review and Recent Insights.

Hair symbolizes well-being and self-expression, with graying occurring naturally among different racial groups at varying ages. Premature graying has psychological and societal impacts, influencing self-esteem and quality of life. Gray hair usually advances gradually and is permanent, with occasional reports of natural repigmentation. Premature graying of hair (PMGH) results from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and cellular factors. Studies exploring links between gray hair and conditions such as osteopenia, hearing loss, smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease have yielded mixed results. Despite continuous research into the causes of gray hair, effective, evidence-based treatments are lacking and still need to be improved. Herein, we reviewed the causes, mechanisms, risk factors, psychosocial effects, and emerging therapies for PMGH.

Spontaneous, long-lasting re-pigmentation of grey hair: an association with psychoemotional stress relief.

Spontaneous, long-lasting re-pigmentation of grey hair: an association with psychoemotional stress relief.

Putrescine Upregulates Melanogenesis Through Modulation of MITF Transcription Factor in B16F1 Mouse Melanoma Cells.

Ageing is a biochemical, metabolic and genetic physiological phenomenon. The suppression of melanin biosynthesis, evident in the greying of the hair, is a hallmark of ageing resulting from translation failure, reduced enzyme activity and cellular senescence. Putrescine, the smallest member of the polyamine family and an organic chemical, is present in living mammalian cells and plays a crucial role in regulating skin melanogenesis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the effect of putrescine on the signalling pathways of melanogenesis in melanoma cells. Melanin production capacity of putrescine was analysed using a tyrosinase activity assay. To assess the cell viability of B16F1 cells exposed to putrescine, a tetrazolium dye MTT assay was performed. The effect of putrescine on melanin synthesis in the presence of H2O2 was evaluated using various in vitro assays in B16F1 cells. The effect of putrescine on melanin production in B16F1 cells was determined using a specific melanin production assay. Gene expression was analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, the effect of putrescine on the expression of proteins related to melanin production in the cells treated with H2O2 was analysed by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Putrescine increased tyrosinase activity and showed no cytotoxicity in B16F1 cells. In addition, putrescine effectively scavenged H2O2, as shown by the reduction of intracellular H2O2 amounts in 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate analysis, and promoted melanin production in living cells. The stimulation of melanogenesis by putrescine was attributed to the increased expression of Mitf, Tyr, Trp-1 and Trp-2 genes. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that putrescine enhanced the expression of proteins associated with melanogenesis and upregulated TYR, TRP-1 and TRP-2 via the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and increased the expression of methionine sulfoxide reductases A (MSRA) and B (MSRB) in the cells treated with H2O2, effectively promoting melanogenesis. These results suggest that putrescine can be used to stimulate melanin synthesis. This is the first study to investigate the effect of putrescine on the signalling pathways of melanogenesis in B16F1 melanoma cells. The results confirm that putrescine can promote melanogenesis through the expression of TYR, TRP-1 and TRP-2 via the MITF in cells treated with H2O2. Putrescine can be used exclusively as a cosmetic product to prevent premature greying of hair.

История Гражданской войны в России через призму public history. Сухановский А. Ф. Штык решает. War Diary. Фронтовой дневник. Архангельск: СК-Россия: СК-Столица. 2020. 485 с.

In modern conditions, it seems that the study of the Civil War and the dissemination of knowledge about it is possible using the potential of public history. The attention of professional historians is attracted by a book prepared by the organizer of the search movement A. Sukhanovsky, who has been leading a group of enthusiasts studying the places of battles with the interventionists in the North of Russia for twenty years. The interventionist forces here numbered more than 40 thousand people in 1919. The participants of the search group carried out excavations on the territory of the Arkhangelsk region for 20 years, participated in the creation of the military historical park "Yuryevsky Frontier", which is the only well-preserved complex of fortifications of the Civil War period in Russia. It is now part of the military historical park "Railway Front" in the battlefields of 1918-1919 on the Arkhangelsk-Moscow railway. The title of the book is connected with the decision of the American soldiers of the 339th regiment, who included the motto of the Russian infantry of the Northern Rifle Regiments "Shtyck reshaet" (in Russian) in their coat of arms. It was a manifestation of Americans' respect for the heroism and dedication of political opponents. The book consists of an introduction, six blocks of information ("Soldier's gray hair", "Romance of company "A", "Catching up with the wind", "Combat Patrol", "Russian scars", "Extraordinary adventures of the British in Northern Russia"), divided into 32 parts, which the author called ‘blockhouses’. The author translated and published the memoirs of foreign participants of the events in his book. Among them are the memoirs of Corporal of company "G" 339 of the American regiment J. H. Turnman, fighter pilot K. van der Spye, commander of infantry company "M" J. Moore, J. R. Singleton-Gates. The study presents a translation of a fragment of the book by D. York "The romance of Company A 339th Infantry ANREF". The author presented and interpreted the material historical sources discovered during the survey work. The revealed materials make it possible to recreate the life of combatants and civilians in extreme conditions of armed conflict. A. Sukhanovsky describes the experience of reconstruction of military events in the Russian North in 1918-1919. The review points out the shortcomings of the work in question: the refusal to prepare a bibliographic list, the lack of a description of the history of the photographs given in the publication, taken by Signal Corps USA employees.

Role of autophagy in the Title aetiopathogenesis of premature graying of hair: a narrative review of literature

Role of autophagy in the Title aetiopathogenesis of premature graying of hair: a narrative review of literature

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND SKIN SYMPTOMS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS STUDYING IN KARACHI

OBJECTIVE: To determine any association between psychological stress and skin symptoms in medical students. DESIGN OF STUDY: It is a cross-sectional study PLACE AND DURATION: The study was conducted over a period of 12 months, from 30th September 2022 to 1st August 1 2023, on medical students enrolled in the MBBS programme at Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College. METHOD: We studied medical students through self-reported, validated questionnaires that inquired about socio-demographic information, perceived stress, and skin complaints. Data analysis was done on SPSS version 22, and descriptive frequencies presented as the mean and standard deviation. Associations were assessed by applying the chi-square test among the variables. RESULTS: A total of 401 questionnaires were used to analyse the data, with a mean age of 20.9 (SD =1.6). We found that 15.7% (n = 28) of the medical students were highly stressed, 77.3% (n = 310) were moderately stressed, and 7% (n = 63) were under low stress. The most common skin symptoms among medical students were hair fall (76.6%) (n = 315) and dark circles (77.3%) (n = 314). Individuals with high PS levels were more likely to develop skin symptoms such as itchy skin on the hands (p = 0.005), pimples or acne (p = 0.049), troublesome sweating (p = 0.04), dark circles (p = 0.01), and hair greying (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Psychological stress is associated with skin symptoms reported by medical students, especially dark circles, loss of hair, greying of hair, troublesome sweating, and itchy rashes on the hands. Further studies and interventions should be done to assess and assist medical students.

Botanical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of Trema orientalis: A Review

The plants were the primary source of primitive medicines which used to cure human ailments in past centuries. In modern medicine also many drugs are being discovered from plants. Trema orientalis is a tropical small to medium-sized tree also called Indian charcoal tree was native to South Africa, tropical Asia and Australia. It is widely distributed all over the world. It was used traditionally to treat infections and fevers. The leaves are simple, alternating, stipulated with short grey hairs below and serrated edges all around drooping branches. The fruits are tiny, oblong and meaty, when ripened, it turns glossy black. It has one dull-black seed embedded in bright-green flesh. The alkaloids, steroids and flavonoids were found to be abundant in T. orientalis, while tannins, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides and carbohydrates were present in moderate quantity. The crude methanolic extract of T. orientalis had antibacterial activity against various bacteria. It has also proven analgesic efficacy in acetic acid-induced writhing experiments in lab animals. In certain investigations, the stem bark extract of T. orientalis drastically lowered blood glucose in diabetic rats created through streptozotocin. One of the researchers demonstrated dose-dependent reduction in body temperature in rats with pyrexia using ethanolic extract of T. orientalis. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts of different parts of T. orientalis plant showed antidepressant, anxiolytic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, diuretic activity, anti-oxidant, anti-malarial and anti-ulcer activity. The clinicopathological alterations were induced by treatment of Jamnapari crossbred goats orally with Trema orientalis ethanolic leaf extract (ELETO). The gross and histological alterations in major vital organs, as well as the clinical symptoms were considered as indicators of the toxicity in a study. Another investigation revealed that T. orientalis was non-toxic and had a sizable haematopoietic effect. Thus further more research is required to extrapolate traditional uses of this plant to use it as medicine along with precaution regarding toxic dose.

Poliosis, hair pigment dilution, and premature graying of the hair: A diagnostic approach in pediatric patients and review of the literature.

Poliosis is defined as the absence of melanin in hair, and hair graying typically occurs with hair melanin reduction. Poliosis can occur at any age but presents in childhood in certain genetic and acquired conditions, with many families seeking evaluation from a pediatric dermatologist. Poliosis presents as white hair typically restricted to a certain location of the scalp. Children may also present with a reduction of expected hair pigmentation, referred to as pigment dilution, or the development of hair graying. This review aims to provide a streamlined diagnostic approach for pediatric dermatologists when presented with these hair findings. Poliosis should be recognized as a potential diagnostic feature or initial sign in many syndromes and thus can guide clinicians in diagnosing and managing conditions earlier in a patient's care. Since many of the genetic and acquired conditions that present with poliosis or hair pigment dilution have extracutaneous manifestations, early diagnosis is vital in establishing multidisciplinary care.

Effect of stress on hair aging

Background: Hair acquires its color throught melanocytes that add pigment to the hair.Neurons release neurotransmitters in times of stress or fear. Once this system is activated, oxidative stress works when free radicals cut DNA in melanin-producing cells in hair follicles ,called melanocytes, until they finally stop. This damage is “oxidative stress” as it occurs in all cells of our bodies as a natural result of the aging processs. In this review, we will discuss the problem of graying hair due to stress. In this review we will discuss the relation between graying hair and stress.Methods:An extensive search was conducted in Pumed/PMC/Scielo/Google Scholar and web of science databases. The articles used were from 5 April 2005 to 1 January 2020. Results : Stress can have a variety of negative effects on the body. The idea that acute stress can lead to hair aging and gray is a popular belief. However, so far, this link has not been scientifically proven. Empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that oxidative stress causes premature aging of skin and hair. Stress was abnormally associated with a variety of changes in tissues, including graying of hair.Conclusion: Stress is not the only factor that seems to affect the pigmentation of hair. further studies are needed to clarify other factors involved. Keywords: Stress, aging, hair follicle, Melanocytes stem cells.