Haematological Indices In Rats Research Articles

Vitamin b<sub>12</sub> supplementation: effects on some biochemical and haematological indices of rats on phenytoin administration

Phenytoin is known to have some toxicological implications. Vitamin B12 supplementation during phenytoin administration was investigated to assess the benefits and risks of single vitamin supplementation. This study evaluated the biochemical and haematological effects of vitamin B12 on phenytoin toxicity. Twenty-four experimental animals were divided into 3 groups of 8 rats each. The control (group 1) received distilled water as placebo. Groups 2 and 3 were given 5mg/kg body weight of phenytoin for 4 weeks while group 3 in addition tophenytoin received intra-peritoneal administration of 15
g/kg body of vitamin B12 twice a week. Biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, lipid profile and haematological indices were assayed as indices of toxicity. The result of the study showed that phenytoin administration resulted in anaemia which was ameliorated by vitaminB12 co-administration. Phenytoin also increased significantly the leukocyte count upon which B12 had no effect. Liver enzymes activities were significantly (p

Performance and haematological indices in rats exposed to monocrotophos contamination

Monocrotophos is an organophosphate pesticide used in agriculture to control insect pests. Changes in performance and haematological parameters (such as packed cell volume, white blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes) were used to assess the effect of the pesticide on rats chronically exposed to 12.5 parts per million (ppm), 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 200 ppm for 10 days, while the control rats were placed on borehole water. Administration of the pesticide to the animals resulted in several physical deteriorations including appearance and agility. A significant reduction (p < .05) was observed in the weight gained by rats while the liver-to-body weight ratio increased significantly (p < .05) as the level of exposure to monocrotophos increased. Whereas packed cell volume, white blood cells and lymphocytes increased significantly (p < .05), neutrophils and eosinophils counts reduced significantly (p < .05) as the concentration of monocrotophos in the drinking water increased. Overall, the data indicated that exposure to monocrotophos portends serious consequences on the performance and haematological parameters of rats.

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Psidium Guajava Leaves on Liver Enzymes, Histological Integrity and Hematological Indices in Rats.

BackgroundSerum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin and total protein levels, as well as the tissue histological assay are known to be useful in assessing the functional integrity of the liver. Also, assessment of red and white blood cells count, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations is useful in determining the effect of some chemical substances on hemotopoietic system. In recent times, reports from medicinal plants research indicate that extracts from some plants are both hepatotoxic and hematotoxic, while others on the other hand are reported to be hepatoprotective and hematopoietic in action. This study considers the effects of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava (P. guajava) leaves on the histology and biochemical indices of liver function as well as hematological indices in rats.MethodsIn this study, phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of P. guajava leaves was carried out. Also, male and female rats were administered with 200 mg/kg body weight oral daily doses of aqueous extract of P. guajava leaves for a period of 30 days. At the end of the administration period, the rats were anaesthesized with chloroform vapors and dissected for the collection of blood and liver tissues which were used for the hematopoietic and liver functions investigations.ResultsPreliminary phytochemical analysis of the plant leaves showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenols, reducing compounds, saponins and tannins. Liver function tests revealed that the serum ALT, AST and ALP, as well as the concentrations of total protein and albumin in male and female rats were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by the oral administration of the extract. Histopathological study also did not show any adverse alteration in the morphological architecture of the liver tissues in both sexes of the animal model. However, red blood cell counts, hemotocrit and hemoglobin concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.05) on administration of the extract in both male and female rats. It was therefore observed that the effect of the extract on male rats was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from that obtained for the female rats.ConclusionsThe results of this present study suggested that aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves may be hepatoprotective, and not hepatotoxic, with hematopoietic potentials in both male and female rats. These findings are therefore of clinical importance given the various reported medicinal potentials of the plant.

Effect of photoperiod on some haematological indices in rats

The study was designed to investigate the effects of photoperiod on some haematological indices in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty four adult male rats were divided into four groups of six rats per group. The control group was maintained under natural light condition 12hours of light and 12hours of darkness (12L : 12D). The short photoperiod (SP) was maintained under 8hours of light and 16hours of darkness (8L : 16D), the long photoperiod (LP), was maintained under 16 hours of light and 8hours of darkness (8L : 16D), the long photoperiod (LP), was maintained under 16 hours of light and 8hours of darkness (16L : 8D), the rats in long photoperiod with tryptohan group was kept as LP, but were administered 100mg/kg body weight of L-tryptophan daily. After 6 weeks, the haematological indices were determined in the rats. The results show an increase in haematological indices under SP tryptophan significantly reduced the haematological indices except packed cell volume (PCV). Furthermore, white blood cell count (WBC) differential showed a lymphocytic leukocytosis in the SP group. Therefore, it is concluded that SP enhances haematological indices in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences Vol. 7 (1) 2008 pp. 11-14

Effect of Lead Intoxication and D-Penicillamine Treatment on Hematological Indices in Rats

El plomo es uno de los mas importantes contaminantes ambientales, toxico para la mayoria de los sistemas organicos. La D-penicillamina (D-P) es una droga quelante, la cual se ha usado para el tratamiento de la toxicidad por plomo durante varios anos. Este estudio fue dirigido para evaluar la eficacia de la D-P en la reduccion de los efectos del plomo en los indices hematologicos. Este estudio se realizo en 36 machos adultos de ratas Wistar albinas de 6-8 semanas, en la Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de Gorgan, Iran. Al inicio, las ratas machos adultas fueron expuestas al acetato de plomo en el agua de beber. Despues de 8 semanas, 6 ratas se seleccionaron para evaluar los efectos de la toxicidad del plomo en muestras sanguineas. Las restantes ratas expuestas fueron divididas para su recuperacion, a las cuales se les administro agua destilada y un grupo con tratamiento al que se le suministro D-P. Despues de la exposicion al plomo, el conteo de globulos rojos se incremento ligeramente, pero la hemoglobina y el hematocrito disminuyeron. Tambien el MCV y el valor de MCH disminuyeron significativamente (P< 0,05). Los valores de RDW, PDW y MPV fueron significativamente altos en las ratas expuestas al plomo (p< 0,05). Luego del periodo de recuperacion, la mayoria de los parametros se acercaron al valor normal y no hubo diferencias significativas entre el grupo recuperado y con tratamiento. Este estudio mostro que los efectos hematologicos del plomo son reversibles y la administracion de D-P no juega un rol importante en la intoxicacion subcronica

Effects of diazinon on pseudocholinesterase activity and haematological indices in rats: The protective role of Vitamin E

Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate insecticide has been used in agriculture and domestic for several years. Vitamin E (200 mg/kg, twice a week), diazinon (10 mg/kg, per day) and Vitamin E (200 mg/kg, twice a week) + diazinon (10 mg/kg, per day) combination were given to rats orally via gavage for 7 weeks. Pseudocholinesterase in serum and haematological indices were investigated at the end of the 1st, 4th and 7th weeks comparatively with control group. At the end of 1st, 4th and 7th weeks, statistically significant decrease of pseudocholinesterase activity in serum were detected when diazinon- and Vitamin E + diazinon-treated groups compared to control group. When diazinon- and Vitamin E + diazinon-treated groups were compared to each other there were no significant changes. When diazinon-treated group was compared to control group, body weight decreased significantly at the end of the 4th and 7th weeks. It was observed that at the end of 1st, 4th and 7th weeks, there was a statistically significance in haematological indices except mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) when diazinon-treated group was compared to control group. At the end of 1st week increase of thrombocyte, at the end of the 4th week increase of hemoglobin and thrombocyte and at the end of the 7th week increase of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and thrombocyte were observed statistically significant when Vitamin E + diazinon treated group was compared with diazinon treated group. According to the present study, we conclude that Vitamin E reduces diazinon toxicity, but it does not protect completely.

Effect Of Sub Chronic Administration Of Ethanolic Leaf Extract Of &lt;i&gt;Croton zambesicus&lt;/i&gt; On Hematological Parameters Of Rats

Ethanolic leaf extract of Croton zambesicus was administered to rats at doses of 100 – 400mg / kg for 21 days to investigate its effect on the haematological indices of rats. Haematological indices, namely packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) Red blood cell count (RBC), Mean cell Haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Mean cell volume (MCV), and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) were assessed from whole blood obtained from the treated animals as well as those in the control group. The extract at the doses administered was found to caused reductions in PCV, HB, RBC, MCH, MCH and WBC, in a dose – dependent fashion. However elevation of MCV was observed. This results indicate that the extract has the potential of suppressing haemopoiesis and causing anaemia. Key words: Croton zambesicus, haemotological indices, anaemia, rats. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences Vol.19(1&2) 2004: 10-13

Effect Of Theobromine Exposure On Haematological Parameters In Rats

This work was carried out to investigate the effect of theobromine exposure on haematological indices in rats and thus evaluate whether its use in chemotherapy may be associated with possible side effects such as anaemia. Theobromine in two doses was administered by oral gavage to albino Wistar rats of both sexes (n =8 for each group) for a four day period. Haematological parameters – indices of blood and erythropoietic status namely packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were assessed in whole blood obtained from the animals. The same parameters were assessed in the control group (n =8) administered with only the vehicle. Theobromine administration in moderate (600 mg/Kg body weight) to high (700 mg/Kg body weight) doses produced a significant (P

Effect of Stilbene Resveratrol on Haematological Indices of Rats

Doubek J., T. Voln˘, A. Lojek, Z. Knotkova, V. Kotrbaaek, P. Scheer, Z. Hole‰ovska: Effect of Stilbene Resveratrol on Haematological Indices of Rats. Acta Vet. Brno 2005, 74: 205-208. The objective of this study was to find whether the short-time intake of stilbene-resveratrol can influence some haematological indices. The tested compound extracted from the fleeceflower knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum) was dissolved in saline and administered by a gastric cannula to 15 experimental male rats of Wistar outbreeeding for a week at a daily dose of 4 mg/kg0.75 of body weight. The effects of resveratrol were compared with 15 control rats that received saline in the same way. The SPF rats (Anlab, Prague) were kept individually in cages and were provided with drinking water and complete feed mixture “Biostan Mypo” ad libitum. The feed contained all necessary energy nutrients, vitamins and minerals for the given animal species and their age. Using a colorimetric method and the Griess agent plasma concentrations of nitrites were determined in blood samples taken at the end of experimental period. Total antioxidative capacity (TRAP) of blood was determined luminometrically and using the aggregometer APACT II employing the turbidimetric method by Born functional tests of platelets were performed. ADP and collagen were employed to induce aggregation. Resveratrol administration did not influence plasma nitrites. No changes were observed in total antioxidative capacity of blood and aggregation characteristics of platelets. However, platelet disaggregation was significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) and their counts significantly decreased (p < 0.01). The results indicate that parameters important for haemostasis can be influenced by the short-time intake of resveratrol administered at the given dose.

지구성훈련이 흰쥐의 혈액학적 성분에 미치는 영향

지구성훈련이 흰쥐의 혈액학적 성분에 미치는 영향

Combined effect of vanadium and zinc on certain selected haematological indices in rats

1. Two-month-old Wistar rats of both sexes received, as sole drinking liquid, an aqueous solution of ammonium metavanadate (AMV) and zinc chloride (ZC) at concentrations of 0.30 mg V/cm3 and 0.12 mg Zn/cm3 respectively, for a period of 4 weeks. 2. The reference groups received for drinking at this time: water, AMV or ZC solutions at the same concentration. 3. In all groups of animals there was a statistically significant decrease in the uptake of food, AMV or ZC, as well AMV-ZC solutions, as compared with the food and water taken up by the control group. 4. In the group of animals receiving AMV or AMV-ZC solution for drinking the body weight increment diminished significantly. 5. In the animals drinking the AMV-ZC solution a statistically significant decrease in the erythrocyte count and haemoglobin level in the peripheral blood were recorded, similar to the groups drinking AMV or ZC solution. 6. In rats drinking aqueous AMV or ZC solutions and in females receiving AMV-ZC solution the percentage of reticulocytes and polychromatophilic erythrocytes increased, moreover, in the peripheral blood. It was not, however, associated with marked percentage changes in the composition of the bone marrow cells.

Hexavalent chromium effects on hematological indices in rats.

Biological interest in chromium stems from its prominent role in industrial pollution and its toxicity to plants and animals. Although chromium, in traces, is known to be essential for the growth and well being of men and animals intakes at higher level have been found to be toxic, mainly to the liver and kidney of experimental animals. Exposure of humans to chromium (vi) is known to cause renal necrosis, hepatic damage and respiratory cancer. In mammals, chromium (vi) caused more damage in liver, kidney and myocardium than did chromium (iii) after an i.p. administration of potassium dichromate or chromium (iii) nitrate. However, the information on its toxicity still warrants further study. The present study reports on the effects of chromium (vi) on hematological indices in rats.

Effects of high α‐linolenate and linoleate diets on erythrocyte deformability and hematological indices in rats

Rats were fed either a high alpha-linolenate diet or a high linoleate diet from weaning to 4 mon of age. Soybean oil was used as a control. Phospholipid compositions of erythrocytes from the three dietary groups were not significantly different. However, the difference in the alpha-linolenate (18:3n-3)/linoleate (18:2n-6) ratio of the diets was reflected in the n-3/n-6 ratios of the 20 and 22 carbon highly unsaturated fatty acids except for docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) in the phospholipids. Despite the significant differences in the fatty acid compositions of phospholipids, no measurable differences were detectable in erythrocyte deformability, whole blood viscosity and hematological indices of the three dietary groups. These results indicate that the beneficial effects of the high alpha-linolenate diet, as compared with the high linoleate diet, are exerted without significant changes in these parameters.