Hadith Texts Research Articles

BERT based Named Entity Recognition for Automated Hadith Narrator Identification

Hadith serves as a second source of Islamic law for Muslims worldwide, especially in Indonesia, which has the world's most significant Muslim population of 228.68 million people. However, not all Hadith texts have been certified and approved for use, and several falsified Hadiths make it challenging to distinguish between authentic and fabricated Hadiths. In terms of Hadith science, determining the authenticity of a Hadith can be accomplished by examining its Sanad and Matn. Sanad is an essential aspect of the Hadith because it indicates the chain of the Narrator who transmits the Hadith. The research reported in this paper provides an advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique for identifying and authenticating the Narrator of Hadith as a part of Sanad, utilizing Named Entity Recognition (NER) to address the necessity of authenticating the Hadith. The NER technique described in the research adds an extra feed-forward classifier to the last layer of the pre-trained BERT model. In the testing process using Cahya/bert-base-indonesian-1.5G, the proposed solution received an overall F1-score of 99.63 percent. On the Hadith Narrator Identification using other Hadith passages, the final examination yielded a 98.27 percent F1-score.

Detecting Hadith Authenticity Using a Deep-learning Approach

Hadith is a collection of texts containing sayings of the prophet Muhammad, which, along with accounts of his daily practice, constitute the second major source of legislation for Muslims after the Holy Koran. The Hadith collection comprises thousands of text pieces transferred over the years by many narrators with varying degrees of credibility. Hadith scholars are faced with the challenge of assessing the degree of a specific Hadith’s authenticity to classify the Hadith as Sahih (fully authentic and accepted) or Daif (rejected). Automatic Hadith classification has been addressed in the literature; however, the results vary and are not directly comparable, as no dataset has been made available for benchmarking. In addition, no previous work has utilised deep-learning (DL) approaches for Hadith classification. This work contributes by 1) collecting and publicly releasing a benchmark Hadith dataset of almost 4,000 Hadith texts to facilitate future research, 2) exploring DL model performance on binary Hadith classification tasks, and 3) benchmarking traditional machine learning against DL models. Our best results were recorded with an ARBERT DL model that provided an accuracy score of 91.56%. KEYWORDS Hadith classification; deep learning; Classical Arabic; machine learning; Hadith science; Hadith authenticity

Communication ethics in the book of Adabul Mufrad by Imam Al-Bukhari

This paper aims to explore the notion of communication ethics in the Book of Adabul Mufrad by Imam Al-Bukhari. This study used an interpretive paradigm of qualitative text analysis methods by making Hadith as the text to be analyzed. The units of analysis are the texts of Hadith, which were examined closely for the patterns, models, and communication issues contained in them. The selection criteria for the Hadith selected for analysis included: Ethics regarding the communication process, including an explanation of Ethics in speech, and containing specific prohibitions in the communication process. Based on these criteria, 20 hadiths to be analyzed were selected. The results showed four patterns of ethical communication relationships in 20 hadiths chosen in the book of Adabul Mufrad by Imam Al-Bukhari, namely: (1) Relationships with fellow humans in general, (2) Parent-Child Relations, (3) Relationships with neighbors; and (4) Master-Servant Relationship. Furthermore, communication ethics in all forms of relationships showed five communication ethics patterns: (1) monotheism communication, (2) advice communication, (3) compassion communication, (4) communication without discrimination, and (5) communication without insulting. This paper highlights the ethics of Islamic communication as the ethical basis for the communication process in various human communication contexts. The ethical principles of Islamic communication open the entry of missing behavioral aspects of communication-based on religious values. This paper also provides the necessary theoretical framework for including religiosity and divine guidance in communication ethics.

Otoritas Sahih Bukhari Sebagai Kitab Hadis Rujukan Dalam Hukum Islam

The study discusses the authority of the traditions in the book of Sahih al-Bukhari, as one of the main sources of reference for hadith in establishing Islamic law after the Qur'an. This study is intended to answer questions about the authority of the Book of Sahih al-Bukhari in terms of historical perspectives, fiqh Qaida, and modern science. This research is library research that uses content analysis as a method of analyzing the data obtained. In addition, this study also uses comparative analysis to answer the problem of hadith authority in Sahih al-Bukhari when viewed from the perspective of Qaida fiqh. In this study, there are three important points, first, the book of Sahih al-Bukhari until now is known as the book of hadith with the highest level of validity compared to other hadith books. However, as a human creation, the book of Sahih al-Bukhari does not escape criticism from its readers, one of which is because Al-Bukhari is considered close to the authorities. Second, in Sahih al-Bukhari there are traditions whose editorials contradict higher texts, and modern science. Third, as a result of al-Bukhari's ijtihad in the field of the authenticity of hadith as well as in the field of fiqh, and his position is sometimes considered higher than other hadith books. The researcher argues that the criticism that states Imam Bukhari was close to the ruler is not appropriate, but the political influence in the writing process cannot be fanned, while regarding the conflict between the hadith texts in the book of Bukhari and the texts of the Qur'an, history, and science, it is necessary deeper study, then the book of Sahih al-Bukhari should be positioned on a par with other hadith books.

Https://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/251

This research aims to collect the suspicions of the Jewish orientalist Ishaq Hassoun about the Al-Aqsa Mosque, as this Orientalist raised several suspicions about the hadiths mentioned in its virtues, claiming falsely and slanderously that the Al-Aqsa Mosque is in the heavens and not on the earth, and that the hadiths mentioned in its virtues are fabricated and that they are derived from Jewish origins. In addition to other suspicions that need a sober scientific response, and through this research, I reached the orientalist’s throwing of suspicions without evidence, and his interpretation of the texts according to his whims, and his blatant ignorance of the hadith texts due to his confusion between the correct and the subject, and the suspended and suspended, and concluded the research, then concluded the research With the most important findings, recommendations and a list of references.

PERKEMBANGAN ILMU SYARAH HADITH: SUATU TELAAH RINGKAS

This paper discusses the development of science of hadith commentary since early century of Hijrah. It traces its historical development and instrumental role in expanding the dynamic understanding of hadith and its science. The paper attempts to illustrate the principle and discipline of usul al-sharh as set forth in the major works of hadith commentary underlying its principle, context and method. The discussion focusses on the method and approaches (ittijahat al-sharh) of traditionalist in interpreting and commenting the texts. The study is based on qualitative method in the form of library research, focusing on content analysis. The sources of documentation was primarily derived from traditional and classical works of hadith and contemporary references that provide extensive analysis of hadith commentary. The study found that the science of hadith commentary was originated in the classical and medieval hadith works that extensively articulated its rigorous and underlying principle. This tradition was continued in modern context in the highly authoritative works of hadith commentary that brought forth modern and contextual approaches in analyzing hadith texts.

Prophetic Theology; The Study of Criticism and Understanding of Hadith About The Existence of Allah

This article focuses on studying the existence of Allah in the hadith. In this study hadith is used as the subject; of course, hadith is the main text used as the basis for the study. An interesting problem in this study is that the authority of hadith as legality to explain the existence of Allah is rarely disclosed in a separate study. The reviewers and observers of theological studies generally depart from the the Qur’an, even if there is the use of hadith only to complement the study of the the Qur’an. Even though the authority of hadith (shahīh) as a second source after the Qur'an cannot be doubted anymore, moreover, for legality in theological issues that continue to develop among Muslims and non-Muslims, making hadith as a second source must be utilized. Therefore, this article is interesting because it examines the existence of Allah through the study of hadith. The goal is that ideas about theology, especially those related to the existence of Allah, can be read through hadith as a basis for rational thinking. This study analyzes hadith texts related to the theme. Because discussing hadith is closely related to issues of validity (shahihan) and understanding, this study uses the jarh wa al-ta'dil and fiqh al-hadīs approaches. jarh wa al-ta'dil is a method to measure the validity of hadith, while fiqh al-Hadis to find meanings about the existence of Allah. From the study conducted, it can be concluded that the Messenger of Allah said that Allah alone (monotheism) is not plural and existed before something that had no beginning and no end. There is not a single creature that preceded him, and Allah is eternal forever and ever. This idea is agreed upon by all scholars regarding the oneness and eternity of Allah.

Nature of Sense-Reporting in Difference of the Text of Hadith; A Research Study

Among different methods of narrating hadith, there is a method which is called Riwayat bil-ma’na (sense-reporting). It means that a narrator narrates a hadith in his own words without uttering the actual words he listened originally from the Prophet (PBUH). The actual rule of narrating hadith was that it was narrated uttering the original wording of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Whereas it was allowed in utmost circumstances. If some narrator had to make sense-reporting of a Hadith, he needed to use such words which clearly explain that the words being used are not the words of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) but those of the narrator. Sense-reporting was allowed only in specific circumstances. Moreover, only those narrators were allowed to make sense-reporting who had the real sense of the words and their reasoning and were aware of language skills and Sharia, and the sense-reporting of whom would not add or subtract something in hadith and its exact order. In this research article, various kinds of sense-reporting are being analyzed which exist in hadith text. And it is proved here in this article that no kind of amendment occurred due to sense-reporting.

Prohibition of Consuming Jallalah Animal: The Science of Hadith

The absence of agreement among scholars regarding the halal consumption of jallālah animals necessitates an investigation of the basic text of the hadith which is used to examine the extent of the position of the hadith text so that it can be used as a basis. The purpose of the study is to trace the text of the hadith, its purification, and to describe the laws that it produces. The research method uses qualitative methods with a literature review approach. The data source is in the form of publication of hadith history which contains a prohibition on consuming Jallālah. The data analysis technique used takhrij al-ḥadith followed by sharḥ al-ḥadith. This article finds that there is a qualified history regarding the prohibition of consuming jallalah. The law contained in the prohibition is makruh

COVID-19 Pandemic: An Islamic Analysis

The study's purpose is to analyse the prevention of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the light of the Holy-Qur'an and Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh)’s Sunnah. Just as a Pandemic, disaster, or calamity in the world has some external causes, it also has some internal and subtle reasons. Islam considers the plague as a punishment in a natural and broad sense; simultaneously, Islam believes this epidemic to be a test and a warning for the believer. Besides, Islam thinks that dangers and calamities happen according to Almighty Allah's judgment. Islam always gives the idea of a healthy-capable human group. There are 'Kitabut Tib' or medical chapters in almost all Hadith texts regarding the importance of health and treatment. The golden branch of Islam was the development of a particular scripture called the Prophet in Tibet. If there is a Pandemic in a specific area, Islam prescribes quarantine and lockdown. Modern medical systems embraced this warning fourteen hundred years ago as the only way out. In this context, Muhammad (pbuh) said people would not enter the area affected by the pandemic. Besides, people will not go out of where the epidemic has spread [1]. The damage caused by the outbreak could have been drastically reduced if the hadith teachings had been implemented at this critical time in the Coronavirus's presence. To survive the Coronavirus, the World Health Organization (WHO) always says to stay clean. Islamic law orders a Muslim who believes that he is immaculate at every stage of his life. The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said: Cleanliness is a part of faith [2]. There are various dispositions of the Shari'a that have been prescribed as a means of attaining holiness. According to medical science's advice, Islam advises taking treatment and taking precautionary measures in a Pandemic of any disease.

Preferences and constraints on an Islamic consumer: An analysis from Islamic perspective

Consumption is one of the central activity of an economy. It is perhaps the ultimate aim of all economic activity. The paper investigates Muslim consumer behaviour. The question that this study answers are what Muslim consumer behaviour is and how does it differ from Nep-Classical approach. This Study has adopted a realist ontological stance and interpretivist Epistemology. Units of data collection for the study were the Quranic verses and the texts of Hadith. The study found that an optimal Muslim consumer is confined in his consumption and spending to the boundaries of Sharia i.e., to stay away from Tabzir (pre-eminence) and Israf (extravagance) and follows the balanced approach, which is moderation and unlike modern day neo-classical Consumer theory, consumption is not the ultimate aim of human being. The paper suggests that the consumption behaviour of Muslim consumer must be guided by Islamic Principles. The paper also finds that the Muslim consumer should prioritize his/her expenditure within the domain of the Halal earning and spending. Thus, the findings of the paper show a compact Islamic consumer framework.

Pariwisata Halal Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah: Studi Takhrij Hadis

This research is motivated by the tendency of a literal understanding of Islamic texts regarding compliance with halal tourism based on sharia economics. This study aims to analyze the text of the hadith, which is the basis for compliance with halal tourism from a sharia economic perspective. This study uses a qualitative approach through literature study by applying the takhrij hadith method, while the interpretation in the discussion of this study uses content analysis. The results of this study indicate that the hadith text, which is the basis for compliance with halal tourism from a sharia economic perspective, is of hasan quality because it can be applied as an Islamic practice. The discussion results explain that applying the text of hadith requires contextualization so that it does not narrow the concept of universal halal tourism with a sharia label, especially the necessity of sharia economics. This study concludes that Indonesia is a conducive country through moderate understanding that connects Islamic texts between universal values ​​and local values ​​ to ensure that the homeland can become a centre for halal tourism destinations in the world.

Predicting Semantic Categories in Text Based on Knowledge Graph Combined with Machine Learning Techniques

ABSTRACT The Quran and the Sunnah are the two principal elements of the Islamic religion, and the hadith is an interpreter of the Quran. Hadith is everything that the Messenger Muhammad said, whether it was a word, an action, or a good adjective of the Prophet. Given the status of the hadith of Muslims everywhere in the world, digging into it is the m ain perspective to evoke the guiding principles and institutions that Muslims must follow. The mining of the hadith has received much attention in recent times, but so far, the work has not been fully implemented. This study focuses on predicting the semantic categories of the unclassified hadith text based on its text. The model can distinguish between several categories to predict the optimal one such as ablution, fasting, Hajj, and Zakat. To achieve this goal, a Knowledge-Graphic (KG) prediction model was developed to improve machine learning classifiers from the standpoint of two unique traits. 1) Define pivotal terms that have high values. II) Taking into account all the paths of those pivotal terms through their convergence with the categories in the Knowledge-Graphic of all the paths that link them. We rely on six books with more than 30,000 hadith and 120 classifications. Empirically, we found optimistic results in combining the KG model and machine learning classifiers.

Sunnatullah as a Basis for Interpretation of the Qur'an and Hadith About Covid-19 on Indonesian Social Media

Sunnatullah (Causality Law) as the basis of interpretation is intended to make its concept as a limitation ( taqyid ) from the generality or absoluteness of the al-Qur'an and Hadith texts. For example, the texts that talk about the implementation of congregational prayers, Friday prayers, other worship suggestions related to the crowd, are restricted by the rules ( sunnatullah ) of social distancing taken from the understanding of other religious texts. The massive number of people who state they should not be afraid of Covid19 and should only fear Allah is evidence of the lack of use of the concept of sunnatullah as the basis for interpreting the Qur'an and Hadith. Qualitative research using field-library and ethnographic research methods find that it is necessary to understand religious texts coupled with an understanding of the social sciences and humanities, especially the concept of sunnatullah . This research is intended to contribute to proper comprehension in understanding the Qur'an and Hadith so that there will be no contradiction in its interpretation with social, economic, political and health realities.

Conceptual Paper on Halal and Haram: Systems Level Approach

Purpose: Islamic, as well as modern literature, on the issue of halal/haram (permissible and prohibited), primarily circulates around the product’s ingredient aspect, categorizing a particular object specifically into one of the mentioned dichotomist heads. On contrary to the usual individualistic consumer/product-centric approach, this paper discusses several macros, systems-level models, which follow the top-bottom approach. Methodology: A discourse, through conceptual framework analysis, this paper discusses the concept of halal and haram, to understand the nature and antecedents to the concepts as narrated in the revealed texts of Quran and Hadith. Findings: It is proposed that although the terms of halal and haram are elaborated extensively in literature, there are several gaps in the understanding of the concept at the systems level. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive understanding through conceptual framework of halal/haram using the conceptual analysis method, which grounds into Islamic literature to trace the phenomenon’s major concepts and dimensions at various systems levels, such as society and environment. Conclusion: The research would enrich the understanding of how the Creator has created filters to provide the believers the best to consume and balances the cosmic systems through commandments to individuals, compliances to which supplement and support the Islamic lifestyle and Islamic social structure and sustained global development.

Ziarah Kubur Perspektif Pendekatan Historis-Sosiologis dan Kontekstualisasinya dalam Kehidupan Kotemporer

The current phenomenon of grave pilgrimage has caused reactions from various circles of society at large. There are differences of opinion (Khilafah) regarding the laws of the grave pilgrimage. The two opinions contradict each other. This is because there are different interpretations in studying one of the hadith texts as a source of istidlal law. The results of the hadith research show that the hadith about the grave pilgrimage that was endorsed by Imam Muslim in the Shohih Muslim book is of sahih quality. This is of course after going through the research steps of the hadith sanad. Then the contextualization of the hadith is related to the hadith which states that grave pilgrimage is not allowed. Therefore, in solving khilafiyah problem regarding the law of pilgrimage, if there is someone who does not agree, then do not simply punish that person with the label bid’ah. However, when differences arise, it would be nice to explore the arguments of naqli and ‘aqli so that compromises can then be made. So that in the end, Muslims are not easily divided when there is a Khilafah.

اسلام اور زرتشت کا تصور ِآخرت اور نظریہ ٔنجات : تہذیبی تناظر میں تقابلی مطالعہ

A historical study of world Religions reveals that many people of India, Iran, and some other areas of the world follow the thoughts of Zoroaster as a messenger of God and his Religion, Zoroastrianism. There were some commonalities found between Islam and Zoroastrianism in terms of notions about life after death and other believes. This paper depicts some points of intersection as well as variances among two main world Religions about salvation and hereafter in civilizational perspective. Although, Islam has a vibrant presentation of its creeds in the texts of Quran and Hadith as compare to Avasta (Religious text of Zoroastrianism). The paper concludes that comparative study of these two religions in a specific context paves paths for researchers to find out basic beliefs and their sources. The study also recommends that an in-depth comparative study of world Religions can bring the researchers to the point where they can find out the ultimate reality in many areas of conflict/debate.
 Key words: Islam Zoroastrianism Avasta Qur'an Salvation world hereafter points of intersection Civilizational debate

HADITH SUTRAH: STUDY OF MA'ANIL HADITH

Abstract: This study talks about the understanding of the hadith about the sutras. I think this theme is important to discuss. To obtain a comprehensive meaning and understanding of the substance of the meaning of a hadith, in this study the author does this by considering several aspects in understanding the hadith of the Prophet SAW. such as asbabul wurud, observing variants of hadith texts, collecting meaningful traditions and looking for meanings that are relevant to the current context. In the hadith about the sutras narrated by Abu Dharr r.a, there is an order from the Prophet SAW. to make a sutrah / barrier that aims to maintain solemnity in performing prayers. If someone who prays does not make a sutrah in front of him, then his prayer will be invalid if passed by donkeys, women and black dogs. However, in the hadith narrated by Aisyah r.a, she said that she was lying in front of the Prophet SAW who was praying. Hadith regarding this sutra has a very varied meaning. According to the opinion of the majority of scholars, the hadith narrated by Abu Dharr r.a and Aisyah r.a do not contradict each other, in the hadith of A'Isyah r.a it is said that Aisyah r.a just lay in front of the Prophet SAW. who are praying, not passing.

Poligami dan Larangannya dari Perspektif Hadits

This study aims to discuss the hadith about polygamy and its prohibitions. This research method is qualitative with the approach of hadith takhrij and sharah hadith text and content analysis. The results and discussion of this research include general views of polygamy, takhrij of the hadiths about polygamy, hadith sharah and the meaning of hadith about the prohibition of polygamy. The conclusion of the research shows that polygamy has been regulated by Islam and state regulations where takhrij, sharah and the meaning of the hadith text about polygamy can be used as a legal basis as well as the prohibition of polygamy is strictly intended to maintain the status of women.

Moslem Sculptor (Negotiation of Sculptor at Prumpung Magelang Towards The Doctrine of Sculpting’s Prohibition on Islam)

Normatively, Islamic doctrine prohibits figurative art in the form of sculpture or painting. The prohibition actually comes not from the Koran but from various narrations of the Prophet's hadith. However, it has been transformed into an orthodox doctrine for its adherents. This research does not aim to find the essential meaning of the hadith text which prohibits figurative art, but to find out how the Moslem sculptors, who live at Prumpung Magelang area, respond and negotiate toward it, so in the end they decided to compromise with their profession as a sculptor. Reception theory is used in this study to map the creative reasoning model of Moslem sculptors when negotiating with texts. Through the reception approach, and field data collection through in-depth interviews with several informants consisting of Muslim sculptors at Prumpung Magelang, this research concludes that the existence of the statue, according to the perspective of the Moslem sculptors at Prumpung Magelang is merely works of art so that in existence there are no theological problems.