Hadith Scholars Research Articles

GAGASAN ILMU HADIS MOHAMMAD HASHIM KAMALI: SOROTAN TERHADAP A TEXTBOOK OF HADITH STUDIES

This study is the thought of Mohammad Hashim Kamali in the science of hadith which is contained in the book A Textbook of Hadith Studies. This research aims to provide an overview of the critical methodology and criteria for the science of hadith, as well as to try to verify the accuracy of the text and the authenticity of the hadith. This research uses a qualitative research approach with the type of library research and historical research. The results of the study state that Kamali's thoughts only provide a glimpse of the efforts of the scholars and hadith scholars to verify the authenticity of the Prophet's hadith. The wealth of scientific works on the methodology of hadith science and the efforts made to compile many works on hadith cover the history of Islamic scholarship. The classification of hadith literature is divided into ten titles. The authors of this work apply certain critical principles, examine the value, advantages and disadvantages of the hadiths they collect, discuss the reliability of the narrators, and explain rare traditions, then examine these works by considering them to be reliable as the main criteria of guidance for narrators hadith. The number of overlapping biographies of hadith bearers is a sign of falsification of hadith. The falsification of hadith should be condemned regardless of any subject.

The unique hadiths in Al-Mu'jam Al-Awsat and their appendages

Al-Mu'jam Al-Awasat by Imam Sulaiman bin Ahmad Al-Tabarani consists of hadiths with the chain of transmission. Also, Imam Al- Tabarani has passed comments which are regarded as "Elal al-Hadith" that when a narrator individually narrated the hadith from his teacher so, it is considered weak in the chain of transmission of hadith. Likewise a unique narration of an unreliable narrator is rejected among the scholars of hadith. It is called in hadith sciences ‘the appendage’ (Mutaba'a). A critical study of five hundred hadiths of the book of Al- Tabarani shows that many comments of Al- Tabarani are self-contradictory and hence dismissed. Several hadith's scholars criticized some of Al- Tabarani's comments like Ibne Hajar Al-Asqalani in his book (تغليق التعليق) and Abu Ishaq Al-Huwaini in his book (تنبيه الهاجد إلى ما وقع من النظر في كتب الأماجد).
 This article shows the significance of different kinds of appendages.

The Documentation Methodology among Muhaddithin

The Hadith scholars have adopted a stern documentation methodology (Tawtheeq Approach) which may be adopted in other fields as well. This documentation is at variance as some deal with the text of Hadith (matn), such as Al-Jawame’, al-Majame, al-Sihah, al-Sunan, al-Masanids, al-musanafat and others while others focus on statement and explanation like Al-Nihayah Fi Gharib al-Hadith wa al-Athar by Muhammad Ibn al-Athir. There are others which emphasizes on Sanad (chain of the narrators of hadith) and mention the biography of the Companions, (May God be pleased with them all) such as: al-isabah fi tamyiz al-sahabah by Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar (May God have mercy on him). Some are related to the criticism of the text (matn) and the chain of the narrators of the Hadith (Sannad) such as the books of illas, and al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil.

The features of the curriculum of Imam Al-Daraqutni as described in his book "Al- Gharaib Wal Afrad".

This article speaks about Al-Tafarrud in hadith, which is a most difficult, delicate and subtle branch of Ilm -Ul- Ilal. We cannot identify the status of many narrations without examining Al-Tafarrud found in them, and whether this it is acceptable by Hadith Scholars or not.
 Al-Taffarud is not totally accepted or neglected. The status of these kinds of narrations is based upon the context, circumstances and factual evidences. The Hadith's scholars, theoretically, are agreed on the rules about detecting this complicated branch of Hadith sciences, however, sometimes they differ while practicing it on narrations.
 In this article we have explained through examples that Imam Al-Daraqutni rejected Tafarrud of numerous narrations leaning on the circumstances and the context evidences, and sometime he indicated to Al-Tafarrud in hadith, but it is acceptable because the circumstances consolidate it.

A tradition of Delâilül'n-Nubuvva in the 5th Hijri Century: The Sample of Qadi Abd-al-Jabbar and Bayhāqī

İslam toplumuna dâhil olan farklı dinî ve felsefî akımların Hz. Peygamberin nübüvvetine yaptıkları itirazları bertaraf edebilmek için Müslüman âlimlerce geliştirilen savunmacı refleks, tarihi süreçte delâilü’n-nübüvve isimli geleneğin oluşmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. İlkin Muʽtezilî âlimlerin çabalarıyla vücud bulmaya başlayan bu gelenek, daha sonra selefi düşünürler ile hadis âlimlerinin çalışmalarıyla daha da genişleyerek varlığını devam ettirmiştir. Bu gelişmeler nübüvvetin ispatında farklı metodların zuhur etmesini de doğal hale getirmiştir. Nitekim Mu’tezile’nin geliştirdiği akıl ve nakil merkezli tavrın yanı sıra sadece nakli merkeze alan bir rivayetçi yaklaşımın da ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda Mu’tezilî kimliğiyle bilinen Kadı Abdülcabar’ın “Tesbitü Delâilü’n-Nübüvve” isimli eseri ile muhaddis kimliğiyle ön plana çıkmış Beyhâkî’nin “Delâilü’n-Nübüvve” isimli eseri, hicri beşinci asırda Muhammed'in nübüvvetini ispat etmek üzere iki farklı metod kullanılarak telif edilen eserlerdendir. Biz bu çalışmamızda hicri V. asırda metodik farklılıkları bulunan iki delail müellifi ile eserini tanıtmayı ve mukayese etmeyi planlamaktayız. Ayrıca müelliflerin hayatları hakkında bilgiler vermek suretiyle de bu iki müellifin yaşadığı süreç ve fikri ortam üzerinden metod farklılıklarının daha anlaşılır hale geleceğini de düşünmekteyiz.

Osobenosti kodifikacije hadiske predaje

In addition to presenting the classic hadith scholars’ work on protecting the hadith material from insertions and modifications as well as presenting the developmental stages of the hadith science, this paper aims to represent some specificities of the hadith narrations such as the shortest sened (sulasijjat) by which the narration reached the most important encoders – the compilers of hadith collections, in particular imam Bukhari, as well as the sened which scholars evaluated as the most authentic (es-silsile ez-zehebijje). The paper points to the exceptional importance of referring to the written, original source of narration in today’s time, and the unjustified nature of the initiative for redefining the criteria for narration evaluation, especially if it is based solely on the desire to adapt a faith source which is universal and timeless to passing, contemporary civilizational achievements and mainstream orientations of the time in which we live.

JOSEPH SCACHT, TEORI SKEPTISISME HADIST DAN BANTAHAN SARJANA MUSLIM TERHADAPNYA

This paper examines Joseph Schacht's skepticism about the originality of the hadith and the objections of Muslim scholars to the theory developed by the orientalists. The writing method uses a literature review based on related references. Schacht's work, "The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence" contains ideas about hadith through three theories, namely Projecting Back Theory, Argumentum E Silentio Theory, and Common Link Theory. These three theories were refuted by Muslim scholars, saying that Schacht could not distinguish between the sirah of the prophet and the hadith. Schacht claims that the formation of classical fiqh is the result of the growth of hadith scholars, who have manipulated hadith to go against fiqh rules. The refutation of Muslim scholars is also aimed at the Projecting Back and Common Link theories as a theory of reconstructing the emergence of hadith sanad, which are considered not based on valid history.

Ali bin Yahya Al-Khayat Al-Hilli (died after 609 AH) His life and Effects

Sheikh Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Yahya al-Khayyat al-Hilli (died after 609 AH), one of the eminent Shiite scholars and the eminent certified sheikhs. Despite its occurrence in a series of grounds that ended with the narrations of a group of hadith scholars and jurists, nothing was translated for him in the books of translations and Rejalat in a manner befitting his position, and many evidences indicate the reliance of the Sada and sheikhs on him, such as Sayyid Ibn Tawus & Sheikh Ibn Nama Al-Hilli . Reading flattery words and praising on indicates how they trust him.In this research, we have attempted to comprehend all things related to this Sheikh, and to clarify his role in preserving the great Islamic heritage.

HADITH'S PERSPECTIVE ON THE MEANING OF JIHAD AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE PROPHET ERA

This paper discusses the meaning of jihad in Islam. Jihad is one of the most discussed themes in the hadith of the Prophet. This fact shows the urgency of the term jihad in the history of the development of Islamic law. The understanding of jihad among Muslims varies, and its implementation varies among Muslims. This study discusses the implementation of jihad at the time of the Prophet's hadith. This study uses a descriptive literature research method using a text study method that examines all hadith texts about jihad. Then the author also conducted a comparative study between the opinions of scholars, both hadith scholars, commentators, and other scholars. The hadith about jihad that is meticulous is not a hadith with the status of a mutawatir hadith but is a hadith that has the status of a hadith. However, all the hadiths studied are authentic hadiths, both from the aspect of the sanad and from the aspect of the eye. The results of this study are expected to provide a correct understanding so that when implementing the hadith about jihad according to its objectives and not only understood in the form of war. Jihad is also understood as a form of non-physical struggle such as jihad against poverty, ignorance, injustice, and doing good to both parents.

SEJARAH PEMBINAAN DAN PENGHIMPUNAN HADITS

The period of the Prophet Muhammad SAW Hadith at this time is known as Asr al-Wahy wa al-Takwin, namely the time of revelation and the formation of Islamic society. Such a situation requires the seriousness and caution of the Companions as the first inheritors of Islamic teachings. The revelations revealed by Allah were explained by the Prophet through his words, deeds and taqrir. So that what is heard and witnessed by friends is a guideline for their practice and behavior. The second period of the history of the development of hadith is the time of the Rashidun Khulafa' (Abu Bakr, Umar ibn Khattab, Usman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib) which lasted around 11 H to 40 H. This period is called the period of the great companions. The definition of a friend according to the terms of hadith science agreed upon by the majority of hadith scholars, is a Muslim who has associated with or seen the Prophet and died in a state of being a Muslim. The involvement of the Prophet's companions in the process of receiving hadith is a necessity.

Kekeliruan dalam Penentuan Nama Perawi: Kajian terhadap Sanad dalam al-Kutub al-Sitta

Abstract The individuals who narrated the hadith in the Six Books attracted the specific attention of hadith scholars. Their backgrounds and positions from the perspective of al-jarh and al-taʿdil were scrutinised. However, there were some errors in determining the narrator, especially when the name found on the chains of transmission is not the original name. This created difficulties for hadith researchers when directly referring to the book of rijal as the narrator’s biography traditionally used the narrator’s real name. Even the entry of a particular narrator’s name sometimes could not be found. Hence, this article aims to examine the error in the names of eight individuals who narrated the hadith in the Six Books. In this regard, the qualitative research was carried out using the content analysis tool on the texts of hadiths and works of rijal. The results showed that this error stemmed from excerpts from other books, identical names of narrators, differences between manuscripts, attributions to ancestral names, inverted paternal and grandfather names, and errors in the narrators’ names. In short, the ability of al-jarh and al-taʿdil scholars to identify errors in the name of the narrators reveals their thoroughness in criticising the chains of transmission of hadith.

مصادر الحافظ ابن حجر في علوم الحديث في كتابه فتح الباري

Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani is one of the most famous scholars of hadith throughout the ages, and his book “Fath al-Bari fi Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari” is one of the most comprehensive and complete explanations. Examining the sources and references in a book helps in understanding the author’s approach and purposes of his writing because the references are one of the important elements that have a major role in the composition of a book. The inductive library method was used by collecting relevant materials; Among the main results that appeared through this research, Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar relied on an abundance of resources in various arts, with what is appropriate and required by the nature of the hadith explanations in producing his work of Fath al-Bari.

Pembentukan Kerangka Infak Jariah Menurut Ulama Hadis

There are several types of practices that ongoing its reward even after death. Al-Suyutiy concludes from various hadiths that there are 11 types of continuous charity. However, the hadiths provide some specific examples and no scholars have inferred them to a general framework or concept. This study collects data by using document observation through the internet and al-Maktabah al-Shamilah software. All eleven infaq al-jariyah (continuous charity) will be analyzed thematically by the help of hadith scholars’ commentaries. Based on the exposition of the hadith scholars, the general themes of continuous charity mentioned in the hadith are concluded. The results of the analysis found that the continuous charity framework has three concepts namely; provide basic facilities, producing a pious generation, and maintain peace.

The basics of Hadith criticism of Allameh Askari in historical narratives and biography

"Allameh Askari" is one of the prominent hadith scholars. Many works of criticism of historical narratives and his biography show attention to four types of bases. verbal basics; "The authority of the Qur'an and the Sunnah with the priority of the Qur'an, the infallibility of the Prophet and the imams, , , the divine covenant of all the prophets on the approval of the last prophet, the effect of the course Historical sectarian deviations in the distortion are "historical foundations"; "the validity of historical certainties in criticism, the need to pay attention to the cultural, economic and social data of the date of issue". scientific foundations; "The need to pay attention to the sciences of exegesis, rijal and darayya, to check the lack of narrative conflict. linguistic basics; "The necessity of paying attention to lexical and idiomatic meanings in understanding the speaker's meaning, the effectiveness of rhetorical discussions", are the support of cleaning up historical hadiths and traditions.

Review: Women, Islam, and the Abbasid Identity, by Nadia Maria El Cheikh

Review: <i>Women, Islam, and the Abbasid Identity</i>, by Nadia Maria El Cheikh

Kontribusi Muhammad Ajjaj al-Khatib dalam Studi Hadis: Telaah Terhadap Kitab al-Sunnah Qabl al-Tadwin dan Ushul al-Hadits

The discourse on the authenticity of hadith is very crucial in hadith studies, which has been the subject of study for both previous and contemporary hadith scholars. This article aims to describe the thoughts of one of the contemporary hadith scholars, Ajjaj al-Khatib, and his contribution to the study of hadith. This research is literature research by focusing the study on the two works of al-Khatib, namely al-Sunnah Qabl al-Tadwin and Ushul al-Hadith. The data collected through the documentation technique was then analyzed descriptively-critically. The research results show that al-Khatib has hadith thoughts that are in line with the mainstream of the muhadditsin regarding general rules in the science of hadith. He explains the discussions in hadith studies in a meaningful language systematically and easy to be understood, straightens the contradiction about the writing and codification of hadith, hadith falsification, and the capacity of companions and tabi'in in the transmission of hadith comprehensively. Apart from that, he also contributed to explaining the historical roots of hadith that were valid since the time of the Prophet, as well as discussing and refuting the ideas of the orientalists with verbal and rational arguments.

Commentary, Margin And Notes On The Work Al-Manzuma

The development of hadith science in the 16th and 17th centuries led to an increase in the number of rich heritages of hadith scholars. Among these, it is appropriate to mention Toho Bayquni’s poem “Manzumatu-l-Bayquniya”. Despite the fact that his poetic text is short, it has attracted the attention of scholars of hadith until now. In particular, the number of comments written on the poem is close to a hundred, which indicates that the author is at a high level in the science of hadith. Finding the manuscript of the comments in the world’s manuscript funds, the scientific legacy of the author will give high spirituality to the next generations.

Muadh's Hadith on Analogy Between the Ahl Al Hadith and The Osulion

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of the Messengers, our Prophet Muhammad and all his family and companions. Then: There is no doubt that the science of hadith and the science of jurisprudence are among the most important sciences in the life of a student of knowledge, for in the first place: distinguish correct hadith from bad, and in the second distinguish correct understanding from bad understanding, although there are many hadiths that are inferred by fundamentalists and jurists, and even have some important rules, and issues The subtleties need to be researched, scrutinized, and judged, because in their confirmation the soul is more assured of it, and in its weakness the inference from it is weakened. Among the most prominent of these hadiths that were inferred by the fundamentalists, as well as became famous and spread and filled the books of Sunnah - from the Sunan, Musnads, and compilations - and jurisprudence and assets: It is a hadith on the authority of Muadh bin Jabal: When the Prophet  wanted to send him to Yemen, he said to Adha? He said: I spend the book of God, he said, did not find in the Book of Allah ?, said: Vpsonh Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, he said, it did not find in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah , nor in the Book of Allah? He said: Strive for my opinion and not a family, so the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, struck his chest and said: “Praise be to God, who is the Messenger of God.” Although the hadith scholars differed in correcting it and weakening it, the fundamentalists have often used it as evidence for the nation’s acceptance of it regardless of its chain of transmission. That is why we liked to collect the sayings of the scholars in this blessed hadith, asking the honorable Lord to bestow on us His kindness, and not to deprive us of His wisdom, and whoever is given wisdom has been given a lot of good.

OPPORTUNITY OF FREEDOM OF THOUGHT IN HADITH SCHOLARS IN HEGIRA VI CENTURY-EXAMPLE OF OPPRESSIONS SUFFERED BY ABD AL-GHANI AL-MAQDISI (D.600/1203)

Hicri VI. asrın önemli Hanbelî mezhebi hadis âlimlerinden birisi olan Abdulğanî el-Makdisî, çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı muhtelif mihnelere maruz kalmıştır. Onun yaşadığı bu mihnelerin temel sebebi, benimsediği fikirlerine karşı tahammülsüzlüktür. Sert bir mizaca sahip olan Abduğanî el-Makdisî, münker karşısında büyük bir tepki göstermiş ve benimsediği selef itikadını çok sert tepkilere rağmen her ortamda savunmaktan geri durmamıştır. Yaşadığı mihnelerin ilki hadis elde etmek amacıyla rıhle gerçekleştirdiği Isfahan’da Eş‘arilerle olmuştur. Abdulğanî’nin başını belaya sokan ikinci mihnesi, Musul’da Hanefilerle yaşadığı polemiklerden kaynaklanmıştır. Abdulğanî’nin burada Ukaylî’nin Ebu Hanife’yi ağza alınmayacak sözlerle takdim eden ed-Duafaü’l-Kebîr adlı eserinden dersler yapması Ebû Hanife taraftarlarını harekete geçirmiş ve kurulacak mahkemede idam edilmesi talep edilmişti. Onun son iki mihnesinden ilki Dımaşk’ta diğeri ise Mısır’da itikadi yaklaşımlarından dolayı Eş‘arilerle olmuştur. Eş‘arilerle fikri tartışmalar yaşayan ve bu fikirlerinden dolayı küfürle itham edilen Abdulğanî, vefat ettikten sonra bu çileli yaşantısından kurtulmuştur. Bu çalışmada Abdulğanî el-Makdisî’nin uğradığı mihnelerin sebepleri üzerinde durulmuş ve yaşadığı bu sıkıntılı süreçte benimsediği fikirlerinin eserlerindeki izdüşümleri ortaya konulmuştur.

Genealogi Sanad dalam Perspektif Orientalis: Studi Kritik atas Pemikiran Michael Cook

This article review Michael Cook's thoughts on the early history of the use of isnad. Michael Cook disagrees with the opinions of the hadith scholars who said that the system of isnad only exists in Islam and is not found in other religion. Michael Cook believes that Islam is not the only sole owner of the isnad system. Long before Islam came the system of isnad had been used by previous religion, it had been used by Jews in transmitting Mishnah. Moreover Michael Cook concluded that Islam had plagiarized the Jewish isnad system. The Islamic isnad system is very closely related to the Jewish isnad system which both have similarities in many thing. Therefore, Michael Cook believes that the Islamic isnad is a plagiarism of the Jewish isnad system. In this paper, the author analyzes Michael Cook's thoughts. There are at least two main problems that the author examines, namely what and how are the fundamental ideas (main points) of Michael Cook related to the initial use of isnad? And the second, how is the methodological foundation of Jews in carrying out criticism of isnad?