H2020 Program Research Articles

Weaving the past into the future

Silk played a crucial role in driving progress in Europe, particularly along the network of production and market centres along the Western Silk Road. The silk trade not only facilitated the exchange of ideas and innovations but also had a huge impact on the economic, technical, functional, cultural, and symbolic levels. However, silk heritage has become critically endangered, despite the existence of many specialised European museums dedicated to its preservation. These museums often lack the resources and capacity to utilise state-of-the-art digital technology. The objective of this paper is twofold: to introduce SILKNOW, an interdisciplinary project funded by the H2020 Program of the European Union to preserve and promote the heritage of silk textiles, and to present the project results which were possible thanks to digital humanities.

Hidden Convexity, Optimization, and Algorithms on Rotation Matrices

This paper studies hidden convexity properties associated with constrained optimization problems over the set of rotation matrices [Formula: see text]. Such problems are nonconvex because of the constraint [Formula: see text]. Nonetheless, we show that certain linear images of [Formula: see text] are convex, opening up the possibility for convex optimization algorithms with provable guarantees for these problems. Our main technical contributions show that any two-dimensional image of [Formula: see text] is convex and that the projection of [Formula: see text] onto its strict upper triangular entries is convex. These results allow us to construct exact convex reformulations for constrained optimization problems over [Formula: see text] with a single constraint or with constraints defined by low-rank matrices. Both of these results are maximal in a formal sense. Funding: A. Ramachandran was supported by the H2020 program of the European Research Council [Grant 805241-QIP]. A. L. Wang was supported by the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [Grant OCENW.GROOT.2019.015 (OPTIMAL)]. K. Shu was supported by the Georgia Institute of Technology (ACO-ARC fellowship).

Thermocline Storage Tank with Concrete Filler

A thermal storage of 2500 kWh is designed, built and installed at the site of the experimental solar tower of Themis in Targasonne (France) within the POLYPHEM project (H2020 program, Ref N. 764048). The thermal energy storage (TES) consists of a thermocline tank with solid filler and thermal oil as heat transfer fluid. Tank walls, filler bricks and foundations are made of concrete. This new concept introduces some challenges that have been addresed during the construction and commissioning of the TES system. In this paper, authors present the main issues and solutions adopted for the tank design and construction.

Not all men: the debates in social networks on masculinities and consent

Evidence shows the role men can have to contribute to the prevention of non-consensual relationships and gender violence, mainly fostering educational and social strategies which strengthen egalitarian male models that take consent as a key aspect in their sexual and affective relationships. In this regard, social networks show the existence of discourses that reinforce these male models. However, there is a gap in the analysis of how the previously mentioned discourses on consent are linked to men’s sexual satisfaction. The present study deepened into this reality by analysing messages on Reddit and Twitter. Drawing on the Social Media Analytics (SMA) technique, conducted in the framework of the European large-scale project ALL-INTERACT from the H2020 program, the hashtags notallmen and consent were explored aimed at identifying the connections between masculinities and consent. Furthermore, three daily life stories were performed with heterosexual men. Findings shed light on the relevant positioning of men about consent as a key message to eradicate gender-based violence; in parallel, they reveal the existence of New Alternative Masculinities that have never had any relationship without consent: they only get excited by free, mutual and committed consent, while repulsing unconsented or one-sided relationships.

Neuroblastoma is associated with alterations in gut microbiome composition subsequent to maternal microbial seeding

Neuroblastoma is the most frequent extracranial solid tumour in children, accounting for ∼15% of deaths due to cancer in childhood. The most common clinical presentation are abdominal tumours. An altered gut microbiome composition has been linked to multiple cancer types, and reported in murine models of neuroblastoma. Whether children with neuroblastoma display alterations in gut microbiome composition remains unexplored. We assessed gut microbiome composition by shotgun metagenomic profiling in an observational cross-sectional study on 288 individuals, consisting of patients with a diagnosis of neuroblastoma at disease onset (N=63), healthy controls matching the patients on the main covariates of microbiome composition (N=94), healthy siblings of the patients (N=13), mothers of patients (N=59), and mothers of the controls (N=59). We examined taxonomic and functional microbiome composition and mother-infant strain transmission patterns. Patients with neuroblastoma displayed alterations in gut microbiome composition characterised by reduced microbiome richness, decreased relative abundances of 18 species (including Phocaeicola dorei and Bifidobacterium bifidum), enriched protein fermentation and reduced carbohydrate fermentation potential. Using machine learning, we could successfully discriminate patients from controls (AUC=82%). Healthy siblings did not display such alterations but resembled the healthy control group. No significant differences in maternal microbiome composition nor mother-to-offspring transmission were detected. Patients with neuroblastoma display alterations in taxonomic and functional gut microbiome composition, which cannot be traced to differential maternal seeding. Follow-up research should include investigating potential causal links. Italian Ministry of Health Ricerca Corrente and Ricerca Finalizzata 5 per mille (to MPonzoni); Fondazione Italiana Neuroblastoma (to MPonzoni); European Research Council (ERC-StG project MetaPG-716575 and ERC-CoG microTOUCH-101045015 to NS); the European H2020 program ONCOBIOME-825410 project (to NS); the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health 1U01CA230551 (to NS); the Premio Internazionale Lombardia e Ricerca 2019 (to NS); the MIUR Progetti di Ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) Bando 2017 Grant 2017J3E2W2 (to NS); EMBO ALTF 593-2020 and Knowledge Generation Project from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2022-139328OA-I00) (to MV-C).

Protocol for a web survey experiment studying the feasibility of asking respondents to capture and submit photos of the books they have at home and the resulting data quality.

This document presents the protocol of a study conducted as a part of the WEB DATA OPP project, which is funded by the H2020 program. The study aimed to investigate different aspects of the collection of images through web surveys. To do this, we implemented a mobile web survey in an opt-in online panel in Spain. The survey had various questions, some of which were about the books that the participants have at their main residence. The questions related to books were asked in three different ways: regular survey questions showing visual examples of how different numbers of books fit in a 74 centimetre wide shelf depending on their thickness, regular survey questions without the visual examples, and questions where participants were asked to send photos of the books at their home. This report explains how the study was designed and conducted. It covers important aspects such as the experimental design, the questionnaire used, the characteristics of the participants, ethical considerations, and plans for disseminating the results.

6.E. Workshop: Evaluating progress in adaptation in the European public health sector

Abstract Most national climate adaptation plans and strategies mention risks to human health. However, this is not often translated to specific policies, measures or targets to reduce these risks. The ENBEL project, funded by the European Commission under the H2020 program LC-CLA-22-2020, aims to support European policy making on climate change and health. In this workshop we present the results of recent research on the implementation of adaptation measures in Europe and review the evidence needs of EU, national and international decision makers. The workshop aims to support evidence translation for adaptation that prioritises health protection and equity. The workshop will include presentations on stakeholder mapping and interviews with key decion makers, as well as a comparison of current policies in health adaptation. We review the recent European policies on COIVID recovery and evaluate whether these will benefit adaptatoin. Economic evaluations are important for decision making and we review economic assessments for local climate action and for climate services for health. Key messages • Public health professionals can support adaptation actions through intersectoral working. • Post-COVID recovery is missed opportunity to improve adaptation in Europe.

Implementation of Non Destructive Testing and in-line monitoring techniques on extra-large structures printed with WAAM technology

Grade2XL is a European project funded by the H2020 program that gathers 21 academic and industrial partners. Started in March 2020 for 4 years, the principal objective is to print extra-large structures using the WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing) method with a complete control of the fabrication process. Since WAAM is a relatively new technology for printing large specimens, it is important to develop quality assurance methods that can be used during the fabrication and once the structure has been built, which is the focus of CEA List in the project. Regarding methods applied built structures, CEA List has investigated Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS) for the material characterization and more specifically the evaluation of the elastic constants or more conventional ones for the inspection with phased-array ultrasonic techniques (PAUT) or eddy current (EC) for the detection of indications are implemented and optimised them for the inspection of the final structures. Concerning the development of in-line monitoring methods, CEA List has been working on laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, in order to get structural information during the printing but also detect the appearance of abnormal events and correlate them to the appearance of defects generated during the WAAM process. This proceeding presents the advantages of those methods for the inspection of extra-large structures made by WAAM and discusses the first results obtained in the framework of the project. Keywords: Additive Manufacturing, NDT, Imaging techniques, Eddy current, In-line monitoring, laser vibrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy.

Advances in the implementation of a UT contactless inspection system in the manufacturing process of thermoplastic components for aeronautical use, within the framework of the H2020-DOMMINIO project.

In recent decades, the aeronautical industry has undergone a drastic transformation in the manufacturing philosophy in response to the growth of aircraft production (by 60% in the last 10 years), due to the increase in passenger transport demand. Although the pandemic has contracted the sector 66% during the last years 2020-2021, it is expected to normalize by 2024. The transition to the use of more advanced composite materials, together with the increase in aircraft performance and the rate of productivity is a challenge. Also, the necessity to produce effective structures and components using ecological materials and technologies have been increased, with the consequence of reducing cost, weight and fuel consumption. The DOMMINIO project from the European H2020 program, aims to develop new integrated design methodologies and knowledge based on manufacturing and optimization for the production of new multifunctional fuselage parts. A new technology is applied manufacturing by Laser ATL (Automatic Tape Layout) technique, using the automated deposit of thermoplastic tapes on a mold. Additionally, the DOMMINIO project deals with ensuring the quality of the components during the manufacturing process by a novel non-destructive control based on Ultrasound contactless technologies. To this end, DASEL has developed non-contact transducers that are coupled to the technological process of layer deposition, performing a non-contact quality control. This paper presents the results of the first year of the project, emphasizing the detection of delamination or lack of consolidation in real time.

Exploring researchers’ digital professional and discursive practices: A genre analysis of international research project websites

Academics’ professional and discursive practices are becoming more and more varied and demanding. It seems to be increasingly necessary to collaborate and network with international scholars and obtain funding from international institutions and not only to publish research results, but also to disseminate them globally. In this context, international research project websites play an important role and are a relevant object of analysis. Drawing on Genre Analysis this paper presents a text-based rhetorical analysis of a sample of 10 websites from European research projects within the H2020 program. Specific digital genres in the sample of research project websites are identified and labelled, and some genre relations established between these and other genres. A distinction is drawn between genres that are labelled “website-generated” and “website-hosted”. A move analysis of website-generated genres is then presented discerning specific moves and communicative functions bearing in mind the context in which these websites are created. Through the analysis, valuable insights are gained into international researchers’ professional and digital discursive practices in English and how these websites are used to gain visibility and promote the research groups’ self-branding by disseminating new knowledge, promoting their work and accounting for the funding received.

Toward Smart Air Mobility: Control System Design and Experimental Validation for an Unmanned Light Helicopter

Light helicopters are used for a variety of applications, attracting users from private and public market segments because of their agility and convenient storage capabilities. However, most light helicopters on the market today are designed and manufactured with technologies dating back to the 1980s, with safety issues to be addressed by advanced design methods, more powerful engines, and innovative solutions. In this regard, the DISRUPT (Development of an innovative and safe ultralight, two-seater turbine helicopter) project, led by Curti Aerospace Division (Italy) and co-funded by the EU H2020 program, is a state-of-the-art concept for a novel ultralight helicopter equipped with a ballistic parachute. In order to validate the first parachute ejection in a safe scenario, a dronization process was selected as a viable solution to be performed in collaboration with the University of Bologna. In the present paper, the steps followed to transform the helicopter into an unmanned vehicle are detailed according to the model-based design approach, with particular focus on mathematical modeling, control system design, and experimental validation. Obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of using a civil helicopter first as a remotely-piloted vehicle and then as a highly-automated personal transportation system in the framework of smart and sustainable air mobility.

Sensing ultrasound localization microscopy for the visualization of glomeruli in living rats and humans

Estimation of glomerular function is necessary to diagnose kidney diseases. However, the study of glomeruli in the clinic is currently done indirectly through urine and blood tests. A recent imaging technique called Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) has appeared. It is based on the ability to record continuous movements of individual microbubbles in the bloodstream. Although ULM improved the resolution of vascular imaging up to tenfold, the imaging of the smallest vessels had yet to be reported. We acquired ultrasound sequences from living humans and rats and then applied filters to divide the data set into slow-moving and fast-moving microbubbles. We performed a double tracking to highlight and characterize populations of microbubbles with singular behaviors. We decided to call this technique "sensing ULM" (sULM). We used post-mortem micro-CT for side-by-side confirmation in rats. In this study, we report the observation of microbubbles flowing in the glomeruli in living humans and rats. We present a set of analysis tools to extract quantitative information from individual microbubbles, such as remanence time or normalized distance. As glomeruli play a key role in kidney function, it would be possible that their observation yields a deeper understanding of the kidney. It could also be a tool to diagnose kidney diseases in patients. More generally, it will bring imaging capabilities closer to the functional units of organs, which is a key to understand most diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, or kidney failures. This study was funded by the European Research Council under the European Union Horizon H2020 program (ERC Consolidator grant agreement No 772786-ResolveStroke).

Assessing the capability of Sentinel-2 time-series to estimate soil organic carbon and clay content at local scale in croplands

The use of remote sensing data methods is affordable for the mapping of soil properties of the plowed layer over croplands. Carried out in the framework of the ongoing STEROPES project of the European Joint H2020 Program SOIL, this work is focused on the feasibility of Sentinel-2 based approaches for the high resolution mapping of topsoil clay and organic carbon (SOC) contents at the within-farm or within-field scales, for cropland sites of contrasted climates and soil types across the Northern hemisphere. Four pixelwise temporal mosaicking methods, using a two years-Sentinel-2 time series and several spectral indices (NDVI, NBR2, BSI, S2WI), were developed and compared for i) pure bare soil condition (maxBSI), ii) driest soil condition (minS2WI), iii) average bare soil condition (Median) and iv) dry soil conditions excluding extreme reflectance values (R90). Three spectral modeling approaches, using the Sentinel-2 bands of the output temporal mosaics as covariates, were tested and compared: (i) Quantile Regression Forest (QRF) algorithm; (ii) QRF adding longitude and latitude as covariates (QRFxy); (iii) a hybrid approach, Linear Mixed Effect Model (LMEM), that includes spatial autocorrelation of the soil properties. We tested pairs of mosaic and spectral approaches on ten sites in Türkiye, Italy, Lithuania, and USA where soil samples were collected and SOC and clay content were measured in the lab. The average RPIQ of the best performances among the test sites was 2.50 both for SOC (RMSE = 0.15%) and clay (RMSE = 3.3%). Both accuracy level and uncertainty were mainly influenced by site characteristics of cloud frequency, soil types and management. Generally, the models including a spatial component (QRFxy and LMEM) were the best performing, while the best spatial mosaicking approaches mostly were Median and R90. The most frequent optimal combination of mosaicking and model type was Median or R90 and QRFxy for SOC, and R90 and LMEM for clay estimation.

GWitchHunters: Machine learning and citizen science to improve the performance of gravitational wave detector

The Gravitational waves have opened a new window on the Universe and paved the way to a new era of multimessenger observations of cosmic sources. Second-generation ground-based detectors such as Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo have been extremely successful in detecting gravitational wave signals from coalescence of black holes and/or neutron stars. However, in order to reach the required sensitivities, the background noise must be investigated and removed. In particular, transient noise events called “glitches” can affect data quality and mimic real astrophysical signals, and it is therefore of paramount importance to characterize them and find their origin, a task that will support the activities of detector characterization of Virgo and other interferometers. Machine learning is one of the most promising approaches to characterize and remove noise glitches in real time, thus improving the sensitivity of interferometers. A key input to the preparation of a training dataset for these machine learning algorithms can originate from citizen science initiatives, where volunteers contribute to classify and analyze signals collected by detectors. We will present GWitchHunters, a new citizen science project focused on the study of gravitational wave noise, that has been developed within the REINFORCE project (a “Science With And For Society” project funded under the EU’s H2020 program). We will present the project, its development and the key tasks that citizens are participating in, as well as its impact on the study of noise in the Advanced Virgo detector.

ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes technologies: Insulin delivery.

J.L.S. reports having received speaker honoraria from Eli Lilly, Insulet, Medtronic, and Zealand and serves on advisory boards of Bigfoot Biomedical, Cecelia Health, Insulet Corporation, Medtronic Diabetes, JDRF T1D Fund, and Vertex. She has been a consultant for Insulet and Medtronic. J.L.S.'s institution received research grant support from JDRF, Medtronic, Insulet, and NIDDK. M.S. reports research grant support, paid to her institution, from Tandem Diabetes Care, Insulet, Medtronic, JDRF, and NIDDK. T.S. has no conflict to disclose. L.R. reports speaker fees from Sanofi, Pfizer, NovoNordisk. T.B. reports speaker fees, consulting honoraria or research support from AstraZeneca, Ascensia, DexCom, Medtronic, NovoNordisk, Roche, Sanofi, and Ypsomed. Since 2021, he is member of the Expert group for medical devices of the European Medicines Agency. A.G. received speaker honoraria from Ypsomed. A.G.'s institution received research support from the European Commission (H2020 program). J.V. has no conflict to disclose. M.E.H. receives research grant support from NIDDK, JDRF, and The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. C.B. has been a consultant for Insulet. L.A.D. reports that in the last 3 years she has consulted for Vertex and served on a Mannkind, Merck, and Abata adivosry board. She has also recieved research support to her instiution from Caladrius, Lilly, Mannkind, Medtronic, Provention, and Zealand. The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1111/pedi.13421. JLS reviewed the literature, drafted sections of the guidelines, oversaw completion of the first draft of the guidelines, and edited the manuscript. MS, TD, LR, TB, AG, JV, MEH and CB reviewed the literature, provided drafts of sections and edited the manuscript. LAD outlined the guidelines, reviewed the literature, edited the manuscript, and served as the senior author. The authors gratefully acknowledge the editorial assistance of Dr. Leena Priyambada. Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Bulgarian Contribution to the Open Science Services in NI4OS-Europe

The paper gives an overview on the Bulgarian participation in the einfrastructure part of the NI4OS-Europe project, funded by EC through H2020 program. NI4OS-Europe team has identified a set of necessary services and the corresponding policies that resources have to produce and publish, clearly stating to the users the ways these resources could be used, as well as the actions that are not allowed. By offering service providers a clear procedure for onboarding, NI4OS-Europe project partners are able to on-board more services with pan-European significance. Here we briefly present some of the services developed by the Bulgarian team.

How to Utilize E-EWS as a Tool in Healthcare

ECHO (the European network of Cybersecurity centres and competence Hub for innovation and Operations) is one of the four pilot projects under the European Commission’s H2020 Program. This work-in-progress paper relates to the project’s task “ECHO Early-Warning Systems (E-EWS) / ECHO Federated Cyber Range (E-FCR) Demonstration Workshops” that will be implemented during 2021 and 2022. As the healthcare industry becomes more connected to the Internet, the possibilities for disastrous cyber-attacks rise accordingly. Well-performing warning systems and robust information sharing between different parties are essential tools to help prevent these attacks. The aim of this paper is to find out how to utilize E-EWS as a tool in the healthcare sector. We started by mapping out the existing Early Warning Systems related to healthcare. At the same time, we researched the different implementations of E-EWS into already existing national systems and how possible information sharing could be done. As a result, we found that there does not seem to be any widely used international Early Warning Systems in use in the healthcare field and can conclude that implementing E-EWS could have significant benefits for the whole industry. A working Early Warning System can help to prevent cyber threats and save lives. However, there are many challenges involved in the implementation. First, the healthcare field is very fragmented with many different private and national actors, and second, the structural differences between different EU countries bring their own problems. Thus, the successful implementation of E-EWS in healthcare depends mainly on how all the different actors can cooperate.

Contribution of the Horizon2020 Program to the Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialization in Coal Regions in Transition: The Spanish Case

This work aims to assess how regional innovation systems support research and innovation smart specialization strategies (RIS3) in coal intensive regions. Although many authors have analyzed energy transition paths for the European coal regions, no study has assessed how the network properties of their innovation systems are aligned with the priorities identified in their RIS3. This work fills this gap, relying on social network analysis (SNA) to assess innovation systems’ underlying networks, considering the active role of their nodes, thus, contributing to the innovation systems literature in the areas of modelling, simulation and performance evaluation. Within this work, regional innovation systems are modelled as research networks. These networks are promoted by the consortia funded by the European H2020 program. The assessment of the topology and properties of these networks enables the evaluation of the functioning of the innovation system, its technological strengths, as well as the key players involved. Based on these results, the characteristics of the innovation systems are compared to the priorities established by the RIS3. Three Spanish coal intensive regions (Aragón, Asturias and Castilla y León) are considered as use cases in this study. The obtained results indicate that, in some cases, the technological strengths of the regional innovation systems are not considered in the identification of the RIS3 priorities, while some RIS3 priorities are not supported by the innovation system. Considering these results, this paper proposes recommendations for regional and European policymakers, as well as for participants in the European research programs.

Development and validation of a time-dependent deterministic model for neutron noise on CROCUS experimental measurements

In the framework of the European project CORTEX, included in the H2020 program, the experimental campaign carried out with the CROCUS reactor, at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland, aims at setting up methodologies and tools for the analysis and the interpretation of neutron noise in view of their industrial applications. An important part of the CORTEX project deals with code development and validation. In this paper, a new methodology for the simulation of neutron noise has been formulated and implemented in the APOLLO3 code. In the first part of this paper, the experimental setup and the methodology for the experimental data analysis developed by CEA are presented. The experimental outcomes are reported in terms of Cross-Power Spectral Densities (CPSD) of detector responses. The results produced with CEA analysis are compared to those obtained by EPFL. The second part of the work presents the noise simulator based on an improved point-kinetics model employed in a fully heterogeneous 2D transport calculation including its theoretical derivation. The computed results, i.e. the temporal signals of the detector responses, are treated to recover the CPSDs to be compared to the experimental ones. In the third part of the work, the paper presents a series of interpretive exercises performed with the IPK noise model aiming at showing its simulation capabilities and at trying to address some of the discrepancies observed in the direct comparison. Beside the promising outcomes of the simulations, some work is still being done from the experimental and computational side for a better comprehension of the problem before the extension of the model to full 3D problems and industrial application.

Hierarchical Photocatalytic Surfaces: From 1D to 3D Photoactive TiO2 Nanotubes Grown By Plasma Assisted Deposition Techniques

Photoactivity of TiO2 is of extensive recognition in applications like photocatalytic removal of pollutants, self-cleaning coatings, photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic cells and optical filters [1, 2]. Photocatalytic activity is affected by both the TiO2 structure and microstructure. For example, parameters as crystal sizes, texturization, nano and microscale arrangement, and interface conditioning and engineering [3] have been demonstrated to determine the formation and migration to the surface of electron-hole pairs responsible for the photoactivity response [3]. Thus, A successful approach to enhance the specific surface area and light harvesting is the use of highly porous structures such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, or 3D nanoarchitectures. In this latter case, the hierarchical distribution of the semiconducting oxide is expected to prompt light scattering effects which might allow high efficiencies in photocatalytic pollutant removal for finely controlled nanoscale motives.In this communication, we propose the development of photoactive highly porous TiO2 nanostructures, forming 1D nanotubes and 3D hierarchical systems as nanotrees and multistack of nanotrees. These nanoarchitectures are fabricated by the combination of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition of crystalline TiO2 layers with the use of small-molecule organic nanowires as 1D and 3D soft-templates. This same synthetic approach has been exploited recently in the development of dye-sensitized solar cells [4], piezoelectric nanogenerators [5], and icephobic, freezing-delay, surfaces [6].The study of nanostructure shape, density, and entanglement as well as the combination of crystalline phases in the same nanostructure are revealed as key factors controlling the photocatalytic performance of the system. A thorough characterization analysis is presented including XRD, XPS, Raman, SEM, and TEM providing crucial information on the chemical composition, structure, and microstructure. Moreover, wetting characterization has been also performed to relate the surface tension to the photoactivity of TiO2 nanostructures. Photoactivity has been studied in a home-made system able to be illuminated with UV irradiation and the “in-situ” optical monitoring of different dye concentrations, like methyl orange dye, methylene blue, or rhodamine 6G. Thus, photocatalysis behavior has been evaluated and associated with the nanostructured configuration.[1] M. Grätzel, Nature 2001, 414, 338[2] F. Parrino, A. Ramakrishnan, H. Kisch, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 7215[3] P. Romero-Gomez, A. Borras, A. Barranco. J.P. Espinos, A.R. Gonzalez-Elipe ChemPhysChem 2010, 12 (1) 191[4] A.N. Filippin, M. Macías-Montero, A. Borras, et al. Scientific Reports 2017, 7, 9621[5] A.N. Filippin, J.R. Sanchez-Valencia, A. Borras, et al. Nano Energy 2019, 58, 476[6] M. Alcaire, C. Lopez-Santos, A. Borras, et al. Langmuir 2019, 35(51) 16876 Acknowledgements. We thank the AEI-MICINN (PID2019-110430GB-C21 and PID2019-109603RA-I0), the Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía (PAIDI-2020 through projects US-1263142, ref. AT17-6079, P18-RT-3480), and the EU through cohesion fund and FEDER 2014–2020 programs for financial support. CLS and JS-V thank the University of Seville through the VI PPIT-US and (JS-V) the Ramon y Cajal Spanish National programs. The project leadings to this article have received funding from the EU H2020 program under the grant agreements 851929 (ERC Starting Grant 3DScavengers) and 899352 (FETOPEN-01-2018-2019-2020 - SOUNDofICE).