Gymnastics Research Articles

Gymnastic Sports Management Training for Physical Education Teachers in East Jakarta City

In the gymnastics sports event (O2SN), students will have greater opportunities to take part in the event. For this reason, the competence of physical education teachers must be improved through training and knowledge about teaching basic gymnastic movements. However, physical education teachers in East Jakarta lack gymnastics management training, but do not understand sports coaching techniques and management. The service methods used in this activity are training, seminars and workshops. This service was carried out for approximately 2 months with the following stages: 1) conducting training, 2) monitoring, 3) evaluating and achieving. Participants involved in the service program are 35 physical education teachers in the East Jakarta region. Program implementation involves the implementation of a previously designed sports curriculum. This includes organizing the lesson schedule, selecting teaching methods appropriate to the type of sport, as well as managing groups of participants. Factors such as safety, health, and ethics must also be considered in implementing physical education programs. Supervision and monitoring are carried out to ensure that the sports program runs according to plan. Community service with the topic "Gymnastics Development Management" is an important initiative to increase the knowledge and skills of physical education teachers in the field of gymnastics. However, the implementation of this program can be faced with several inhibiting factors which include limited resources, lack of knowledge and skills, low motivation, safety, and differences in ability levels.

The effect of osteoarthritis exercise on pain and joint range of motion in osteoarthritis patients

Aims. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative and progressive disease characterized by abrasion of joint cartilage and irregular formation of new bone on the surface of the joints. Pain becomes the main symptom followed by a decrease in joint range of motion, causing disability and interfering with daily activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of osteoarthritis exercise on pain and joint range of motion in osteoarthritis patients. Methods. The research design used a quasy experiment with a non-equivalent control group design approach. The sample used was 70 respondents for each intervention group and control group. Intervention in the form of physical exercise osteoarthritis exercise guided by an instructor and using audio-visual media. Exercise is carried out 3 times a week for 2 weeks. For stretching and flexibility exercises using yoga mats and bath towels and for strength building exercises using chairs. The pain scale was measured with a numeric rating scale (NRS) instrument and measurement of joint range of motion using a goniometer. Data analysis used numerical comparative analytic paired-sample t test and independent t test. Findings. The results showed that the results of the paired t test (p) <0.05. thus indicating that there is an effect of providing osteoarthritis gymnastics training intervention on reducing the pain scale. The results of the paired t test (p) <0.05. thus indicating that there is an effect of providing osteoarthritis exercise training interventions on the scale of joint range of motion. The results of the independent t test (p) <0.05, meaning that there is a difference in the osteoarthritis pain scale before and after the intervention, while the test for differences in joint range of motion scale shows a non-significant value of p> 0.05. Conclusion. The conclusion of the study was that there was an effect of osteoarthritis gymnastics training in reducing the osteoarthritis pain scale and joint range of motion scale. Then there is no difference between the control group and the intervention group who get gymnastic exercises and do not get osteoarthritis gymnastic exercises. Keywords: Osteoarthritis exercise; Osteoarthritis; Pain, Joint range of motion

Sticking the landing: A comparison of shod vs barefoot landing kinetics and foot muscle characteristics in gymnasts, cheerleaders, and non-athletes.

The ability to control landings and stabilize quickly is essential in sports like gymnastics and cheerleading, where landing quality impacts scores. The similarities and contrasts between these sports, where one trains primarily barefoot and the other shod, may increase understanding of the kinetic role of the foot during landings. Sixteen gymnasts (GYM), sixteen cheerleaders (CHR), and sixteen non-athletes (NAT) performed single-foot shod and barefoot drop landings onto a force plate. Foot muscle strength was assessed using a custom test and ultrasound imaging was used to measure six foot muscles. Group differences in muscle sizes and strength measurements were compared using one-way ANOVAs (α = 0.05). Landing mechanics metrics were evaluated using 3 x 2 between-within ANOVAs (α = 0.05). Pairwise comparisons were made using Tukey post-hoc tests. Barefoot landings resulted in greater peak vertical ground reaction force (pVGRF) and lower time to pVGRF (TTpVGRF). Significant group main effect differences were found between GYM and NAT for all kinetic measures (GYM: shorter time to stability (TTS) and TTpVGRF, and greater pVGRF), while no significant differences in landing kinetics were found between CHR and either GYM or NAT. No interactions were found between group and condition. GYM and CHR had significantly greater summed foot muscle size than NAT, however, only CHR displayed significantly greater toe flexion force than NAT. Our data suggests that while wearing shoes does not affect groups differently, footwear reduces initial peak VGRFs but does not influence later stabilization times.

Підготовка майбутніх фізичних терапевтів до складання програми фізичної терапії для дітей середнього шкільного віку з хворобою Літтла

The article revealed the issue of professional training of future physical therapists for the preparation of a physical therapy program for middle school children with Little's disease, where it was taken into account that each patient had an individual physical therapy program according to the patient's categorical profile of the ICF, selected research methods and determined physical therapy methods. The purpose of the study was to analyze the preparation for the development of a program of physical therapy for children of secondary school age with Little's disease, which future physical therapists will be able to use in their professional activities. The physical therapy program was developed for a boy, 11 years old, who has the main diagnosis: Little's disease, concomitant diseases: mild mental retardation, valgus deformity of the lower limbs, congenital. A categorical profile was determined according to the short basic set of ICF DP for a child of middle school age (11 years) with Little's disease (spastic diplegia). The physical therapy program included the following methods: therapeutic exercises, mobility training and walking with aids, massage, training on an exercise bike and a home program (fitball exercises to relax muscles, improve balance, gymnastic exercises to increase muscle strength of the upper limbs, improving posture, exercises to improve the mobility of the joints of the lower extremities, strengthening the skills of standing and walking with a walker, games and gymnastics for the fingers (development of the manipulative function of the hands), treatment of position). The study showed that in order to draw up a physical therapy program for patients with Little's disease, it is necessary to determine the research methods, obtain the initial data based on them, compile a categorical profile of the patient according to the ICF, and choose physical therapy methods and their dosage according to the obtained results.

The Effect of Low Impact Aerobic Exercise on Static Balance Levels of Elderly Women Medan Healthy Spirit Gymnastics Club 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of gymnastic exercises aerobic low impact against ratestatic balance in elderly women at the Medan Senam Semangat Sehat Club in 2023. The problem in this study is that based on the results of observations and observations that have been made by researchers the level of static balance in elderly women is not normal. This research was conducted at the Medan Sunggal Healthy Spirit Gymnastics club. This study uses an experimental method by design none group pre-test dan post-test. The population is 41 people and the sample in this study is 11 elderly women in the Senam Semangat Sehat club. The sample is taken using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis techniques using statistical analysis include normality tests, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing. The results of data analysis from the influence of gymnastics aerobic low impact against ratestatic balance in elderly women in the Senam Semangat Sehat club. Obtained Count = 11.238 >ttable = 1.812 at the real level α = 0.05 and the difference in the average increase between the results pre-test 31.54 and post-test 36.27. Based on the research results that have been obtained by analyzing and testing the hypothesis, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of gymnastic training aerobic low impact against ratestatic balance in elderly women at the Medan Senam Semangat Sehat Club in 2023.

Study on the importance of gymnastics exercises in the development of children with special educational requirements

Study on the importance of gymnastics exercises in the development of children with special educational requirements

The Combined Effect of Basic Gymnastics Exercises and L-Carnitine Supplementation on Physical Factors Related to Health and Lipid Profile in Obese Female Children (Original article)

The Combined Effect of Basic Gymnastics Exercises and L-Carnitine Supplementation on Physical Factors Related to Health and Lipid Profile in Obese Female Children (Original article)

Impact of short-term exercise training on QT dispersion and double product in diabetic patients after surgical aortic valve replacement

Abstract Background QT dispersion (QTd) represents the heterogeneity in the repolarization of the ventricular myocardium and electrical instability of the myocardium, reflecting the increased tendency towards ventricular arrhythmias. Abnormally high QTd has been correlated with risk of cardiac death. Purpose The aim of this study was to establish the influence of short-term exercise training on QT dispersion and double product (DP), in diabetic patients after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Methods The study involved 147 patients after SAVR, in the sinus rhythm without AV blocks or branch blocks. Average age of patients was 59.3 years. 45 patients were with diabetes mellitus, and 102 were without diabetes. Patients were similar as to age and baseline stress test duration. In all subjects clinical examination, standard ECG and exercise test on treadmill according to Bruce protocol, were performed and after that patients were included in program of physical training for three weeks. Patients were instructed to follow a training program using the bicycle ergometer (10 min, 2 times a day), gymnastic exercises and walking. The patients continued to take the same medicaments in same doses. From standard ECG corrected QT dispersion (QTdc) was calculated. Results Before starting with the program of physical training, patients with diabetes had significantly higher values of QTdc (83.4 ± 15.3 vs 74.6 ± 16.9 ms; p<0.005) in comparison to those without diabetes. After three weeks, significant reduction of QTdc was found (from 83.4 ± 15.3 to 77.3 ± 15.4 ms; p<0.02 in patients with diabetes and from 74.6 ± 16.8 to 68.7 ± 17.1 ms; p<0.005 in patients without diabetes). After three weeks, significant reduction of DP was found (from 11763.8 ± 779.9 to 11314.8 ± 635.8 beat/min x mmHg; p<0.005 in patients with diabetes and from 114376.4 ± 792.3 to 10034.2 ± 521.3 beat/min x mmHg; p<0.001 in patients without diabetes). In diabetic patients, after program of physical training, significant reduction of glycemia was found (from 7.0 ± 2.3 to 5.9 ± 1.5 mmol/L; p<0.005), of total cholesterol from 5.2 ± 1.3 to 4.6 ± 1.1 mmol/L (p<0.025), of LDL cholesterol from 3.2 ± 0.8 to 2.8 ± 0.6 mmol/L (p<0.05). After three weeks, both groups of patients in the exercise test reached a significantly longer time (p<0.001). Conclusions The study showed that patients with diabetes have a higher value QTdc, probably due to diffuse interstitial fibrosis. Short-term exercise training has favourable effects on QT dispersion and double product in patients after SAVR. In patients without diabetes physical training had more favourable effects on the followed parameters. Physical training led to the significant decrease of myocardial oxygen uptake at rest and probably decreased the possibility of arrhythmia events.

Efficacy and safety of Vespireit® (buspirone) prolonged-release tablets (PR) 15 mg in the therapy of patients with functional dizziness: results of the double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 clinical trial

Functional dizziness (FD) is one of the most common causes of chronic dizziness for which there is no effective drug therapy, highlighting the importance of searching for new treatment technologies.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Vespireit® (INN buspirone) prolonged-release tablets 15 mg2 (JSC “Valenta Pharm”, Russia) compared with placebo in the treatment of patients with autonomic dysfunction syndrome accompanied by FD.Material and methods. The clinical trial (CT) included a total of 268 patients with autonomic dysfunction syndrome accompanied by FD and a DHI (The Dizziness Handicap Inventory) dizziness scale score of 36 to 52 inclusive, who were randomly divided into 2 groups and treated in a double-blind fashion. 135 patients (Group 1) received Vespireit® prolonged-release tablets 15 mg at a dose of 15 mg (1 tablet) once daily for 28 days. 133 patients (Group 2) received placebo at the same dosage regimen. Treatment was given against a background of vestibular gymnastic exercises. The primary outcome of the clinical trial was assessment of patient response rate (proportion of responders), i.e., a ≥50% reduction in total DHI for dizziness score at Visit 5 (day 28±1) compared with baseline (Visit 1, day 1). Secondary efficacy measures included assessment of: 1) treatment response rates (≥50% reduction in DHI total score compared to Visit 1) at Visits 2, 3, and 4; 2) DHI total score at Visits 2, 3, 4, and 5; 3) changes in DHI total score at Visits 2, 3, 4, and 5 compared to Visit 1; 4) proportion of patients with a 30% or greater reduction in DHI scale dizziness compared with baseline at Visit 2, 3, 4, and 5; 5) time elapsed until total DHI score decreased by ≥50% compared to baseline; 6) time elapsed until total DHI score decreased by ≥30% compared to baseline; 7) changes in Digital Rating Scale (DRS) score from Visit 1 to Visit 2, 3, 4, 5; 8) scores on the DRS at Visits 2, 3, 4, 5; 9) proportion of patients with different response to treatment on the Likert scale at Visits 2, 3, 4, and 5. Additional secondary criteria of efficacy were also assessed: total Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score at Visits 4 and 5; change in total Hamilton scale score at Visits 4 and 5 compared to Visit 1. The safety criterion assessed in the clinical trial was monitoring of adverse events (AEs), clinically significant deviations in vital signs, laboratory parameters, and ECG parameters.Results. The proportion of responders with a ≥50% reduction in DHI total score at Visit 5 (Day 28±1) compared to baseline (Visit 1, Day 1) was 68.7% (n=92) in Group 1, which was 52.9% more than in Group 2 – 15.8% (n=21) (p<0.0001). Evaluation of all secondary (including additional) efficacy criteria also showed a statistically significant benefit of therapy in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p<0.0001). A total of 61 AEs were recorded in 46 (17.2%) patients: 30 AEs in 21 (15.6%) patients in Group 1 and 31 AEs in 25 (18.8%) patients in Group 2. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in the number of patients with AEs (p=0.5196). In both groups, there were no patients with AEs with severity ≥3, serious AEs (SAEs), SAEs with fatal outcome, or SAEs that led to discontinuation of study therapy. No clinically significant abnormalities were noted during assessment of vital signs, laboratory parameters, or ECG parametersConclusion. The superiority of Vespireit® prolonged-release tablets (PR) 15 mg therapy over placebo in reducing FD in patients with autonomic dysfunction syndrome was confirmed. The drug demonstrated a favorable safety profile comparable to placebo.

The impact of maumere gymnastics on blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients: A promising non-pharmacological intervention

Hypertension is one of the biggest causes of morbidity in the world, often referred to as a silent killer. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Maumere exercise, a non-pharmacological therapy, in reducing blood pressure among hypertensive individuals in Padang City. An experimental research design with a pretest-posttest approach was employed, involving 20 participants aged 25 years and older who had a history of stage 1 hypertension. Blood pressure measurements were obtained using a sphygmomanometer, and the data were analysed using t-tests or regression analysis. The findings demonstrated that Maumere exercise therapy effectively reduced systolic blood pressure by 43.5% and diastolic blood pressure by 48.7%. Additionally, Maumere gymnastic exercises were found to have a positive impact on heart rate control. Regular exercise led to improved cardiovascular adaptation, resulting in better blood pressure control. This study contributes by providing empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of Maumere exercise as a non-pharmacological therapy for reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients. It highlights the significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure achieved through four weeks of Maumere gymnastics, supporting its potential as an alternative approach to hypertension management. Future research should consider larger-scale studies with diverse populations, explore the long-term effects of Maumere exercise, and investigate the optimal duration, frequency, and intensity of exercise sessions to develop standardised guidelines for its implementation.

Pelatihan Senam Kebugaran Jasmani “Maumere Ceria” Pada Masyarakat Kampung Sadar, Desa Teluk Lada, Sobang-Pandeglang

Maumere Gymnastic activities within the framework of the healthy living community movement (GERMAS) teluk lada village, sobang-pandeglang sub-district aiim to improve the health of skills in community gymnastic sports in teluk lada village, especially maumere gymanstic which is well known to the community and studied in schools. The purpose of this activity is to improve the skills of students who practice sport and the community in the field of cultural creation gymnastics, especailly maumere gymnastics, considering that this gymnastics has long been known by the community, from tradisional music to movement that are easy for childern to learn and can be enjoyed by young people. All levels of society, and is expected to improve public health in the area to support government activities, namely GERMAS.

МУЛЬТИМЕДІА-ПРОЄКТ І ОНЛАЙН ТРЕНУВАННЯ – СТРУКТУРНІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ КОРЕКЦІЇ ПОРУШЕНЬ ПОСТАВИ У ЮНИХ БОКСЕРІВ

Specialists in the field of physical culture and sports stratify the long-term process of sports training of boxers, from beginners to high-class masters, into several stages. First of all, let's focus on the subject of the proposed study namely the stage of initial training of boxers. According to scientists, the stage of initial training of young athletes involves the use of the most effective means of training influences, such as: gymnastic exercises, mobile games and relay races, etc. The list of effective influences is complemented by general training and special training exercises, training models of competitive exercises, means of mental preparation, means of personality education, etc.

VISUALIZATION OF MOVEMENT IN GYMNASTICS EXERCISES

Visualization of the movement is crucial both for research and pedagogical activities. The aim of this study was to introduce some methodology for the visualization of the movement on the basis of the data obtained from conducting numerical experiments when studying various movements and exercises. The main task was to design a program module for the visualization of spatial movements. The visualization of the results from the conducted simulations allows for having an idea of the studied movement in the course of solving the equations of motion. The program module for the visualization of an athlete’s movement is working in the MATLAB Computing Environment. We have constructed an anthropomorphic structure (model) which resembles the shape of a human body. The model possesses a high degree of mobility which makes it suitable for applying various movements and actions. A set of artistic gymnastics exercises was provided as an example. The visualization of the current results from the simulated movement contributes to the detailed analysis and facilitates the interpretation of the obtained results. The model can also be applied to research activities for movements in other sports.

The Organization of Training Process of Young Gymnasts in Preparatory Groups

Key words: educational, content, structure, readiness, phasing, introductory, professional, athletic, mastery, quantity, “Right Posture” The training process of young gymnasts is a complex of year-round and long-term training activities. It includes the content and structure of the training process, training planning, preparations. The main purpose of the work is to highlight and analyze the educational process of young gymnasts as the completories of the interconnected complex. The main content of the educational process in the preparatory groups forms general, special physical and motor preparedness (SPP), which follows from the main problems of the students included in the preparatory groups. Thе experiments show that the physical exercises in the initial training groups must engage 40-50 % of each workout. The schedules of preparatory groups’ workout are presented in a schematic form. The explementary structures of workouts for preparatory 6- and 8-hour groups are presented. Thus, before planning the training process of young gymnasts, it is necessary to determine the goals of training and, in accordance with them, to study and improve the program material of gymnastic exercises. Young gymnasts need more time to get in shape, they have fewer competitions, and their competitions are more of an educational nature. Based on the analysis of literary sources and experience of advanced trainers-pedagogues, we suggest implementing 6 hours per week in the preparatory first year groups in sports schools, which is based on the motor needs and interests of 5 and 6 year-old boys and girls. The organization of regular training will provide an opportunity to develop motor skills effectively. Besides, it will form “Correct Posture” and enable a smooth transition to the next academic year. All of the mentioned must be implemented by the interrelated complex processes.

The Influence of Creative Gymnastics Exercise on Improving Physical Fitness In Women In Coastal Area Jorong Tanah Laut District

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of creative gymnastic exercises on women on the coast of Jorong, Tanah Laut. The method used in this study is the pre-experimental method. The population in this study were female traders on the coast of Jorong, totaling 30 people and a sample of 30 people. In this study, a total sampling technique was used, namely the entire population was used as the main sample. The process of carrying out the research was by making creative exercise videos, then the exercises were tested on women on the coast. after the gymnastic movements can be carried out properly and correctly, the researcher provides a creative gymnastic training program 3 times a week, this activity lasts for 2 months.Based on the results of calculations using the t-test, it can be seen that the tcount before exercise with creative gymnastics with aerobic gymnastics is -7.071 with a probability of 0.000, because probability <0.05, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of creative gymnastics training on increasing fitness body for women along the coast of Jorong, Tanah Laut Regency.

PENGARUH SENAM SEHAT ANAK INDONESIATERHADAP KEBUGARAN JASMANI SISWA KELAS V SDN 131/II SKB KABUPATEN BUNGO PROVINSI JAMBI

Abstract
 
 
 Gymnastics is a sport that is carried out en masse, starting from the elementary, middle, upper and public levels. In the past, gymnastics was very cultured, this is evidenced by the absence of differences in almost all circles of the gymnastics community both in groups and collectively, old, young, male, and female exercising together.
 This study aims to determine "The Effect of Indonesian Move Gymnastics Exercise on the Physical Fitness Level of Class V SDN 131/II SKB – Bungo - Jambi City. This research is an experimental study conducted with the aim of knowing whether there is a consequence of something imposed on the sample to be studied.
 The research method used is an experimental method with a sample size of 36 people. The research method used is an experimental method with a sample size of 36 people. Before being given treatment, students began with (pretest), then were given treatment 16 times, after that it ended with (posttest). This exercise is carried out for 6 weeks with a frequency of training 3 times a week.
 Based on the tests carried out, the following data were obtained, the initial test data for the average level of physical fitness was 12.83. Standard deviation 1.44. With the highest score of 16 and the lowest of 11. While the data for the final test, the level of physical fitness averaged
 15.5. Standard deviation 1.34. With the highest score of 18 and the lowest of 13. The results of the analysis of the normality test for the initial test population obtained data L0 = 0.1357, L table
 = 0.1477. While the results of the analysis of the normality test for the final test population obtained data L0 = 0.1443, L table = 0.1477. Because L0 <Ltabel means that both data come from populations that are normally distributed. Homogeneity test results show Fcount (1.16)
 <Ftable (1.75), so the data is homogeneous. The -t test shows that there is a difference between (pretest) and (posttest) tcount (32.59)> ttable (1.689).
 The results of this study prove that gymnastics let's move in Indonesia can improve the physical fitness of male students with a fitness level of 2.67. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of Indonesian gymnastics exercises on the level of physical fitness of male students of class V SDN 131/II SKB – Bungo - Jambi City.
 
 Keywords: SABI, Against, Level, Fitness, Physical

Manual therapy on the diaphragm is beneficial in reducing pain and improving shoulder mobility in subjects with rotator cuff injury: A randomized trial

BackgroundRotator cuff dysfunction is the main cause of shoulder pain. The shoulder and the diaphragm have an important relationship through the myofascial system and through its innervation. ObjectivesTo analyse the effect of diaphragm manual therapy on the symptoms of patients with rotator cuff injury compared to manual treatment on shoulder muscles. DesignA randomized, controlled, single-blind trial of 45 participants diagnosed with rotator cuff injury. MethodThe sample were divided into 3 groups of treatment.1. Manual treatment over the shoulder by ischemic compression of myofascial trigger points (MTP) (Control/Shoulder group -SG-).2. Diaphragm manual therapy techniques (Diaphragm group -DG-).3. Active diaphragm mobilization by hypopressive gymnastic exercise (Breathing group -BG-).Shoulder pain using a numerical rating scale (NRS), shoulder range of motion (ROM), and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were evaluated, and compared between groups. ResultsBoth the SG and DG showed a clinically significant improvement, as well as a significant effect size, on the NRS in shoulder flexion and abduction movements. Regarding ROM improvement, only the SG obtained a significant effect size (abduction and external rotation). The PPT at the xiphoid process of the sternum showed a clinically significant improvement in the DG. ConclusionIndirect treatment of the shoulder through a protocol of manual therapy techniques on the diaphragm and intervention on MTP of the rotator cuff have been clinically effective in reducing pain on the NRS immediately, in flexion and abduction movements of the shoulder, and more effective compared to the intervention in the breathing group. Clinical trial registration numberNCT03293329.

Keterampilan Hand Massage Pada Pasien Dan Keluarga Yang Terdiagnosis Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dalam Kontrol Gula Darah Di Desa Darek Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

One of the complication in patients with diabetes mellitus makroangiopati are impaired to streamline. of peripheral blood vessels to the legsThis was due to a decrease in oxygen in the blood that cause failure penghantaran nutrients to tissue in the capillaries occurred because of the increased viscositas hiperglikemik, blood as a result one of the Arterial Periperal Desease ( PAD ) contributing cause ulcers feet in patients. diabetes mellitusThe preventive efforts that can be done is to the care of the feet, in the form of a gymnastic exercise has been shown to increase vaskularisasi. feetIntervention nursing that may be developed by combining the local culture of the hand massage Belian Sasak. research objectives is to improve knowledge about pasie family and hand massage blood sugar control and prevention of foot retinopathy patients diabetes mellitus type 2. The time taken from the preparation up to the one month .Time 1 weeks to preparation and 3 weeks to activities .All patients join the finish this up , and there is increasing the knowledge and lower blood sugar and improve vaskularisasi on foot patients .Is expected in the local community health can partnered with the belian to prevent the increased blood sugar and decline vaskularisasi in patients diabetes mellitus that can cause the foot retinopathy ulcer

Methods of correction of psychomotor development of preschool children with autism spectrum disorders

The article is based on the study of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations and own experience of working with autistic children, theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological approaches and methods of correction of psychomotor development of preschool children with autism spectrum disorders, which manifest themselves in early childhood and are considered one of the most severe disorders of psychophysical development of this category of children, are carried out.
 It is noted that the activities aimed at correcting psychomotor development are quite specific and diverse, have a certain evidence base and affect the process of socialization of autistic children. On this basis, the article reveals the relationship between the motor activity of autistic children and other types of activity - intellectual, speech and emotional; systematizes the means and methods of correction of motor activity and behavior of this contingent of children.
 The necessity and importance of solving the problems of correction and development of motor activity of autistic children, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development, are theoretically substantiated. Based on the experience of researchers on this issue, the approaches, means and methods that should be taken into account when developing correctional programs for this contingent of children are identified.
 It has been established that successful correction of psychomotor development and socialization of autistic children requires gradualness, perseverance, cooperation with parents, and the use of a comprehensive, correctional and developmental, sensory and perceptual, eclectic, behavioral, variable and individual approach to each autistic child. It has been found that the main means of correcting the psychomotor development of children with autism spectrum disorders include: outdoor and sensory games, imitation and gymnastic exercises, exercise therapy exercises aimed at developing gross and fine motor skills, coordination and strength abilities, as well as exercises for intercortical interaction, swimming and massage; the main methods of correcting psychomotor development are the method of early intervention, the method of imitation, the tandem method and the game method.

Physical education of children and youth as a mandatory component of pedagogical works in Romania in the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century

The authors of the article "Physical education of children and youth as a mandatory component of pedagogical works in Romania in the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century." O. Tsybanyuk, A. Moldovan, and S. Dariіchuk determined that the recognition of physical education as a mandatory component of the educational process for children and youth in the country was proven by the active appearance of thematic training courses, textbooks, and monographs in the studied period. Such were the textbooks of I. Popescu "Pedagogy", the monograph of S. Velovan and I. Popescu "Pedagogy", which paid attention to the influence of systematic gymnastic exercises on the education of order, accuracy and discipline, morality and aesthetics. In addition, an analysis of the characteristics of alternation of physical activity and rest was found. An interesting element was the characteristic of the body of educational articles in the journal "Pedagogical Body for Education and Training". An example was the requirement for teachers to take into account physical activity and rest, the "weight of the school", to be able to diversify it through mobile and folk games. Separate recommendations of P. Pipos regarding the use of food, air, movement-games and gymnastics as means of physical education, as well as methodical instructions for conducting a physical education lesson. In the opinion of the researcher, advice to teachers about the use of well-thought-out, planned exercises and complexes is relevant. It has been proven that, in addition to pedagogical publications, specialized publications appeared during this time – "Considerations about the importance and necessity of gymnastics from a hygienic and social point of view in schools of both sexes, in the army, at different ages of life and as a treatment for various diseases" by Dr. K.I. Istrati, "Physical education" by I. Slavicha, section "Physical education" authored by V. Gidionescu in the work "School hygiene", etc.