Physical Education Research Articles

Menstrual health symptoms and literacy among young women in Aotearoa New Zealand: A nationwide cross-sectional survey.

To explore menstrual cycle symptoms, information sources and menstrual health literacy in young women (aged 13-25) and those who menstruate in Aotearoa New Zealand. Cross-sectional online survey in Aotearoa New Zealand. 1334 respondents (age 13-25 years, mean age 19.8), who have had at least three periods and were currently living in New Zealand. Online survey hosted by Qualtrics between October 2021, and January 2022. Information on menstrual cycle characteristics and symptoms, and menstrual health literacy. Respondents reported high rates of regular dysmenorrhoea (89%), fatigue/tiredness (78.1%) and mood changes (72.5%) associated with menstruation. A higher proportion of rangatahi (younger generation) Māori reported irregular cycles (53.5%) compared to non-Māori respondents (41.7%). Normalisation of symptoms, especially pain (80.2%), was high. Most respondents recognised the need to see a doctor for period pain which impacted their daily lives (84.7%). However, non-cyclical pelvic pain (45.7%), heavy bleeding (39%) and intermenstrual bleeding (29%) were less likely to be recognised as symptoms that require a doctor's visit. The main sources of menstrual health knowledge prior to menarche were a family member (74.2%) and health and physical education classes at school (63.7%). Many young people reported receiving little or no information about periods prior to menarche (37.9%), with very few respondents receiving information on how to manage menstrual symptoms (15.1%). Menstrual symptoms are common and the provision of culturally safe information and opportunities to learn is important for young people, whānau, schools and healthcare practitioners.

Exploring physical literacy: insights from physical education teachers in Turkey on physical activity and curriculum practices for students with autism spectrum disorder—a brief study based on interviews

Exploring physical literacy: insights from physical education teachers in Turkey on physical activity and curriculum practices for students with autism spectrum disorder—a brief study based on interviews

The Teaching Reform and Innovation Exploration of Wushu Sanda Course in Higher Vocational College

As the country exerts importance on the development and innovation of Chinese excellent traditional culture, more traditional projects are applied in education and teaching. As an important output of training professional talents, higher vocational education colleges should pay more attention to the application of excellent traditional culture in education and teaching. Wushu Sanda is a traditional sport with a long history in China, which is gradually loved and welcomed by young people. It shines in higher vocational physical education curriculum. However, compared with other traditional sports teaching, the Wushu Sanda course in higher vocational colleges has less research, which is in the process of active exploration and development. Moreover, under the impact of traditional teaching forms, it is difficult to develop a more diversified and innovative teaching mode, which is not conducive to the improvement of students’ comprehensive quality. On this basis, this paper will focus on the three major courses of martial arts in higher vocational colleges, start from the significance of martial arts Sanda teaching, and then briefly analyze the practical difficulties encountered in the development process. Finally, it puts forward relevant teaching strategies, aiming at improving the teaching quality and efficiency of martial arts Sanda courses, enhancing teaching effectiveness, and cultivating students’ good physical quality and Sanda skills. Lay a good foundation for the development of students’ comprehensive ability.

A Critical Look at Bilingual Physical Education in Spain

A Critical Look at Bilingual Physical Education in Spain

Effect of 12-week physical training on fat reduction of college students

Effect of 12-week physical training on fat reduction of college students

Development of a virtual simulation training platform for physical education teaching posture integrating biomechanics

The development of an immersive virtual simulation training platform designed to enhance physical education by integrating biomechanics for precise posture training. Through the use of biomechanical analysis and virtual reality (VR), the platform offers real-time feedback and assessment, helping students to comprehend and correct their posture while engaging in physical activities. The research introduced an Improved Aquila Optimized Efficient Deep Convolution Neural Network (IAO-EDCNN) model to estimate joint kinematics and strength metrics, which are crucial for posture accuracy and injury prevention. To collect data from VR-compatible sensors to gather motion data continuously while users perform various physical exercises. The data was preprocessed using a Gaussian Filter to smooth data and reduce high-frequency noise in the data. Frequency-domain characteristics were extracted using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as dominant frequency components of motion. IAO model ensures that the joint angles and positions during exercises are optimal and EDCNN can be employed to analyze motion capture data, assess joint kinematics, and predict strength metrics. The results indicate that upper-body kinematics can be accurately estimated with less error for joint angles, allowing for reliable real-time feedback during sessions. In a comparative analysis, the suggested method is assessed with various evaluation measures, such as F1-score (95.60%), recall (95.35%), precision (96.10%), and accuracy (95.85%). The result demonstrated the IAO-EDCNN method to estimate joint kinematics and strength metrics, which are crucial for posture accuracy and injury prevention. This innovative approach demonstrates that VR technology, paired with biomechanics can serve as an effective tool for posture training in physical education. By providing accessible, evidence-based metrics, this platform aims to enhance the quality of physical education through immersive and engaging training experiences.

The history of the formation of student physical culture and sports at YSU in the 1950s (based on the materials of the newspaper Yakutsk University)

In 2024, higher education in Yakutia will celebrate its 90th anniversary. One of the brightest pages in the history of the Yakutsk State University is student sports and physical education. The relevanceof the article is associated not only with the anniversary date, but also with the fact that at present the most acute problem is the low physical fitness and development of students. It is no secret that every year the number of schoolchildren and students assigned to a special medical group due to health conditions increases. The fight for a healthy lifestyle, for the development of physical education did not begin today, we see its development back in the middle of the twentieth century within the walls of the university. Studying the history of the formation of physical education as part of the educational process, the creation of sports sections and the achievements of students in various sports is of paramount importance. After all, sports and physical education are especially important in modern society.

The relationship between physical education teachers' competence support and middle school students' participation in sports: A chain mediation model of perceived competence and exercise persistence.

This study explores the relationship between physical education teachers' support and middle school students' participation in sports. It also clarifies this relationship's mediating roles of perceived competence and exercise persistence. A questionnaire survey involved 879 Chinese middle school students, consisting of 434 males and 445 females. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between teachers' competence support and students' participation in sports (p < 0.01). Perceived competence and exercise persistence as important mediators between teachers' competence support and students' involvement in sports, with the mediation effect comprising independent mediation by perceived competence and exercise persistence and a chain mediation effect involving both. The effect value was 0.156, with contributions of 60.4%, 43.6%, and 73.1% to the total mediating effect, respectively. In physical education courses, teachers should enhance their competence to support students, increase students' interest in learning, and promote the development of sports participation. By understanding the predictive roles of teacher support, perceived competence, and exercise persistence on sports participation, strategies can be developed to better enhance students' levels of participation in physical activities, thereby improving their beliefs about physical health and their confidence in exercising.

Tactical Games: An Inclusive Pedagogical Model for K-12 Students in Physical Education

The literature regarding K-12 student experiences in physical education (PE) has long identified issues regarding curriculum and social justice. Contributing to this narrative, the most widely used pedagogical model in K-12 PE programs in the U.S. and worldwide is the multi-activity (MA) or physical-education-as-sport techniques approach. Conversely, alternative options like the Tactical Games (TG) model have been shown to be effective in motivating students and increasing activity levels during physical education (PE) lessons. The TG model prioritizes student tactical understanding and skill develop-ment using modified games and/or simulations so all students may experience success. Therefore, in partnership between a PE Teacher Education (PETE) program and an all-girls private high school (HS) in the Northeast United States, a pilot study was designed to explore the implementation of the TG model as an alternative to MA. By practic-ing a TG lesson several times during the intervention, participating PE pre-service candidates reported better comfort with and more likely 86Tactical Games Model for K-12 Students in Physical Educationuse of TG in the future. At the same time, most HS student partici-pants reported high levels of enjoyment and limited previous experi-ences with the TG lesson structure. Results suggest the TG pedagogical model may be an inclusive option for physical educators to consider for diverse K-12 students and learning environments today.

A Bildung theoretical framework for Models-based Practice in physical education

ABSTRACT Background: Models-based Practice (MbP) has gained popularity in the literature on physical education. It offers a comprehensive approach to teaching and programme planning. However, MbP lacks a solid theoretical foundation to guide reflections on educational purposes, teaching methods and learning aspirations. Purpose: This paper proposes a framework to address this shortcoming by drawing on Wolfgang Klafki's theory of general Bildung. The goal is to provide a theoretical foundation for MbP and contribute to its further development. By exploring the potential of a Bildung theoretical framework for MbP, this paper also seeks to bridge the gap between the Anglo-American tradition that MbP adheres to and the Continental tradition of Bildung. Relevance and Implications: The analysis demonstrates how Bildung theory can complement and challenge elements in MbP. First, it can contribute with an overarching educational purpose, which is to develop the capacity for self-determination, co-determination, and solidarity. Second, the principle of exemplarity can secure alignment between the main themes of models and epochal key problems. Third, the principles of non-affirmativity and versatility can inform learning aspirations for students, and the principle of multidimensionality can inform a multi-model approach where students engage with different body-cultural practices. Fourth, the principles of autonomy and interdependency can inform the pedagogical work of teachers. Conclusion: We conclude that, on the one hand, MbP can serve as a framework for integrating the educational principles of Bildung in schools, enriching the pedagogical landscape of physical education. On the other hand, Bildung theory can provide a solid theoretical framework for MbP, as it underpins several strengths of the approach and can guide its future development. Thus, MbP can provide a practical framework for working with general Bildung in physical education, while Bildung theory can provide a theoretical framework with criteria for the development and use of pedagogical models in MbP that align with democratic and educational objectives.

Clinical outcomes and anti-inflammatory mechanisms predict maximum heart rate improvement after physical activity training in individuals with psychiatric disorders and comorbid obesity

Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the predictive validity and discriminatory ability of clinical outcomes, inflammatory activity, oxidative and vascular damage, and metabolic mechanisms for detecting significant improve maximum heart rate after physical activity training in individuals with psychiatric disorders and obesity comorbid using a longitudinal design and transdiagnostic perspective. Methods Patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and, schizophrenia and with comorbid obesity (n = 29) were assigned to a 12-week structured physical exercise program. Peripheral blood biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular mechanisms, and metabolic activity, as well as neurocognitive and functional performance were assessed twice, before and after intervention. Maximum heart rate was considered a marker of effectiveness of physical activity. Mixed one-way analysis of variance and linear regression analyses were performed. Results Individuals with psychiatric disorders and comorbid obesity exhibited an improvement in cognition, mood symptoms and body mass index, increase anti-inflammatory activity together with enhancement of the oxidative and cardiovascular mechanisms after physical activity training (p&lt;0.05 to 0.0001; d = 0.47 to 1.63). A better clinical outcomes along with regulation of inflammatory, oxidative, and cardiovascular mechanisms were critical for predicting significant maximum heart rate variation over time (χ2 = 32.2 to 39.0, p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions The regulation of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms may be essential for maintained of healthy physical activity across psychiatric disorders and obesity. Likewise, inflammatory activity, oxidative stress, vascular and cardio-metabolic mechanisms may be a useful to identify individuals at greater risk of multi-comorbidity.

Cloud-based adolescent physical health research incorporating cell molecular biomechanics insights into predictive modeling and biometric algorithms

The physical health of adolescents is critical to their future development and quality of life. However, there is still much room for improvement in monitoring and intervention of adolescent physical health in colleges and universities. Based on the National Standard for Student Physical Fitness and Health, this study proposes a physical health management framework for adolescents that combines a cloud platform and real-time data analysis. Through an innovative health monitoring and early warning system and feedback mechanism, the effectiveness of health intervention was significantly improved. Body mass index is related to the balance between energy intake and expenditure at the cellular level. Excessive calorie intake can lead to an increase in adipose cells, which secrete molecules that can affect overall metabolism and biomechanical stress on tissues. Lung capacity is linked to the elasticity and strength of the alveolar cells and the connective tissue in the lungs. he proper functioning of these cells, regulated by intracellular signaling pathways and molecular interactions, determines the efficiency of gas exchange. The 50-meter run, seated forward bending, standing long jump, pull-ups/sit-ups, and 800-meter/1000-meter run all involve muscle contractions. Muscle cells contain actin and myosin filaments, and the sliding of these filaments, regulated by calcium ions and other molecular signals, generates the force required for movement. The graded early warning parameters established by the system can thus be seen as indicators of potential disruptions in these cell molecular biomechanical processes. The innovative health monitoring and early warning system and feedback mechanism not only help students recognize the weaknesses in their physical functions from a macroscopic level but also potentially identify areas where cell molecular biomechanical imbalances may exist. This enables physical education teachers to formulate personalized training plans that can target and correct these imbalances, as experimentally validated by the system's ability to accurately identify health risks and enhance the overall health of students.

Consumption of Instagram corporal practice content by women consumption of corporal practice

This study aims to understand women’s perception of consuming corporal practices content present on social network platform Instagram. This is a qualitative descriptive research, which included 45 women, aged 18-55 years, from 26 Brazilian states, and who are Instagram users. The semi-structured interview model was used as a data collection instrument, and online interviews were conducted and later recorded and transcribed into an electronic file. Data analysis was performed by non-aprioristic categories. Results found that some of the volunteers consume Instagram corporal practices content and it is possible to observe different preferences about this consumption. It can also be seen that on the one hand content shared on Instagram generated volunteers’ interest in trying and joining new modalities, an also made them know modalities hitherto unknown or that had not called their attention, but, on the other, possible issues in relation to mental health and aesthetic pressure were identified. In conclusion, consumption of Instagram information can be a way to encourage women to maintain their corporal practices if allied to the interests of Physical Education.

Analysis of changes in PCSK9 and TNF-α concentrations in response to physical exercises using virtual reality in patients in the fifth stage of chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

BackgroundThe problem of reduced physical activity in patients with stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is becoming more and more interesting in the medical community. One of the innovative solutions that can significantly increase patients’ motivation to exercise is the integration of physical training with virtual reality (VR) technology during hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the impact of regular physical activity using virtual reality on the concentration of plasma PCSK9 protein and TNF-α in patients with stage 5 CKD treated with hemodialysis.MethodsA prototype of the NefroVR system was used in the research project. The study group consisted of patients who were entrusted with the task of conducting training using the prototype of the NefroVR system.ResultsIn the conducted research, a significant decrease in PCSK9 protein and TNF-α concentration was observed in the study group after 3 months of exercises using virtual reality in hemodialysis patients.ConclusionRegular physical activity using innovative physiotherapy methods, such as virtual reality, contributes to the improvement of inflammatory parameters and may improve lipid homeostasis.Clinical trial numbernot applicable.

Primary and middle school students' views on inclusive physical education: Perceptions, practices, and future directions.

Physical Education (PE) classes are vital for nurturing students' social development and promoting collaboration. This study examined how primary and middle school students perceived PE classes, with a focus on collaboration, well-being and enjoyment, teacher behavior, the inclusion of nondisabled and disabled students, and general class behavior. One-hundred and seventy students (24 primary school and 146 middle school students) were surveyed using a questionnaire. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified seven factors including: well-being, activities for all students, teacher-oriented behavior, collaboration, and attention to students with disabilities. Linear regressions on each identified Factor revealed higher well-being (Factor 1) between primary and middle school students. In addition, the perceived well-being in PE classes and staying together with classmates among younger middle school students was found to be higher than that reported by their older counterparts in middle school. The analysis also revealed that males perceived a higher well-being in PE classes than females. The research underscores that primary and especially middle school PE teachers should promote the well-being of students by creating inclusive and enjoyable PE classes. The PE classes should consider the differences between sexes and the individual differences. Finally, this research lays the foundation for future investigations to refine inclusive PE strategies and improve students' well-being.

Students’ Perceived Value and Emotions in Turkish Physical Education

Physical Education (PE) has been recognized as a key element in developing student enjoyment for physical activity and healthy lifestyle habits. Student emotions may dictate learning and motivation, but less is known regarding the perceptions of value and control that shape these emotions. Specifically, within certain K-12 PE national curriculums and cultures, the goals and objectives of PE, along with its emphases on physical activity and sport, may influence the emotional response of students and their perceived value of PE. If students feel a lack of value, negative emotions, and marginalized by the content, then it is unlikely their experiences in PE will lead to lifetime physical activity. This study aimed to explore one culture and how students’ perceived values for PE affects their emotions and the potential moderating role of gender and sports. Turkish middle school students (N=469) completed a survey regarding their value beliefs, PE emotions, and their involvement in sport outside of PE. The findings revealed that the value placed on PE was significantly associated with positive and negative emotions. Gender and sports involvement had no moderating role in this effect, despite the importance of sport in the local PE curriculum. In conclusion, higher perceived value for PE corresponded to increases in positive emotions and decreases negative emotions, thereby emphasizing the importance of raising the value students place on PE. The value and emotional experience of students in PE is likely to be influenced by content and this study speaks to the importance of not limiting curriculum to sport and other gendered activities.

Worldwide Policy, Surveillance, and Research on Physical Education and School-Based Physical Activity: The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!) Conceptual Framework and Research Protocol.

The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!) builds on the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) to address gaps in surveillance, policy, and research on physical education (PE) and activity (PA). GoPE! is a worldwide surveillance system of quality PE and school-based PA that informs policy and interventions and allows comparative analysis so that each country and region can check their status and progress. This paper presents GoPE!'s conceptual framework and describes the research protocol as a cross-continental and evidence-based surveillance system. Based on GoPA!'s framework and informed by the European Physical Education Observatory, as well as framed by the socioecological model of PE, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization's quality PE, and the World Health Organization's whole-of-school approach, the GoPE! stands out by providing a comprehensive methodological approach. This approach relies on independently collected data about PE and PA at school policies, surveillance systems, and research. These data are critically reviewed by local representatives of the GoPE! network of experts. The GoPE! Country Card is the main product released every 5years. It is a 1-page infographic summary of a country's key dimensions and indicators. The dimensions are: country and demographic data, PA participation, PE policy, PE surveillance, and PE and school-based PA intervention research. Through its vision and methodological framework, GoPE! aims to contribute to the establishment of a minimum common denominator of quality PE and school-based PA, ultimately informing promotion, advocacy, and agenda-setting efforts to achieve international goals and recommendations for more active, equitable, and healthy children and adolescents, schools, and societies.

Could Sports Coaching Contexts Learn From Planning Models in Physical Education Contexts? Exploring the Parallels and Divergences Regarding Planning Between Both Contexts

Planning is essential for organising learning content in sports coaching and physical education (PE) contexts but depends on multiple and mutable circumstances in each context. Although learning and performance are present in both contexts, planning in PE is typically more centred on learning, while coaching tends to focus more on performance. Nonetheless, sports coaching planning also requires ongoing learning to support performance, with coaches outlining pedagogical strategies in their daily training plans to achieve both short- and long-term goals. From this perspective, planning models used in PE contexts may offer valuable insights for sports coaching contexts, helping coaches develop various pedagogical approaches to plan their learning tasks effectively. Therefore, this article explored the parallels and divergences between planning in sports coaching and PE contexts, encompassing the pedagogical goals and planning structures, alongside opportunities, barriers, remediation strategies, and practical implications potentially transferable to sports coaching. The article highlighted the importance of flexible planning structures to accommodate the nonlinear nature of learning. Specifically, coaching contexts can learn from PE how to plan sessions for athletes with diverse motivations and skill levels, as well as how to design learning tasks that develop psychosocial and psychological skills.

Is physical literacy associated with active transportation among children? A general mixed model analysis across twelve schools

BackgroundActive transportation (AT) marks an eco-friendly mode of physical activity that is well integrable into daily life. Despite the dominance of social-ecological approaches to explaining AT, previous studies often drew on a fragmented set of variables to describe AT behavior. The concept of physical literacy (PL) comprises physical, affective, and cognitive determinants for physical activity and, therefore, enables a concentrated, theory-guided view on intraindividual determinants for AT. The goal of the present study was to examine empirical associations between PL and modes of AT (considering the influencing and moderating effect of grade and sex/gender, respectively). MethodsWithin the scope of the DAPL study, data from 663 children (age: 6–13 years) from 41 classes (grades 1–6) across twelve schools in Denmark were analyzed. The school children (mean age: 9.81 years; 55 % girls) completed measurements of PL (Danish version of the CAPL-2: physical, affective, and cognitive component; total score) and self-reported their AT mode for seven days. We calculated general mixed models with the class as a random-effects factor to examine the relationship between PL and six different modes of AT. ResultsTotal PL as well the physical, cognitive, and affective domains of PL were not associated with overall AT (p > 0.05). However, we found significant associations of total PL (B = 0.35) and the physical domain (B = 0.21) with biking. The affective and cognitive domains of PL did not significantly correlate with any AT indicator. The present effects were not moderated by students’ grade and sex/gender. ConclusionsPublic health strategies should strive for a mode-tailored approach when targeting children’s AT. Person-centered health and physical education must increase their efforts in promoting children’s holistic biking skills to effectively foster AT behavior. The provision of holistic experiences should emphasize the integration of psychomotor and affective learning.

Analysis of the Teaching Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Technology in Higher Education

Virtual reality offers a more immediate and engaging educational experience for university students. By recreating real-world or even fantastical settings, learners can engage in training in a secure and hazard-free atmosphere, which is crucial for boosting their enthusiasm and practical skills. The introduction of VR into teaching has revolutionized the conventional educational approach, particularly through its interactive and immersive features, which have been a game-changer. VR surpasses traditional teaching by catering to personalized learning needs and encouraging proactive student inquiry and study. Empirical studies on teaching outcomes indicate that VR is highly effective in fields such as medical, engineering, management education, and physical education. In the medical field, VR can offer a highly realistic anatomical study environment, aiding students in acquiring intricate medical knowledge and techniques more effectively