Gyeongsang Provinces Research Articles

A Comparative Study on Pre-service Teachers' Perceptions of ChatGPT and Research Ethics

This study examines pre-service teachers' perceptions of plagiarism and ChatGPT use among pre-service teachers from the College of Education and the College of Teacher Education. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research involved a literature review and a survey conducted with 103 participants enrolled in universities located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and North Gyeongsang Provinces. The survey examined reasons for plagiarism, the current state and extent of plagiarism, perceptions of educational uses of ChatGPT as plagiarism, and the level of research ethics education. Statistical analyses, including paired t-tests, independent t-tests, frequency analysis, and ANOVA, were performed to explore differences based on the type of teacher training institution.</br>The results revealed several significant findings. Firstly, students from the College of Education exhibited slightly higher awareness of plagiarism-related research ethics compared to those from the College of Teacher Education. Secondly, the proportion of students receiving training specifically on the use of software like ChatGPT was notably lower than that of other plagiarism-related education. Lastly, while students recognized unauthorized use of others' works as plagiarism, many believed permission was not needed for using software like ChatGPT. Overall, these findings suggest a pressing need for enhanced research ethics education addressing ChatGPT and similar AI tools among pre-service teachers, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating courses on proper citation practices and enhancing students' understanding of research ethics within core liberal arts curricular.

비대면 수업에 대한 예비 과학 교사들의 인식 조사 연구

The purpose of this study is to survey the perception of pre-service science teachers regarding online classes. The subjects of this study were 76 pre-servide science teachers in the Chungcheong and Gyeongsang provinces, and an online survey was conducted. The survey instruments consisted of 13 questions in three categories: experience & class using digital tools, the learning effectiveness of online classes, and online and in-person experimental classes. Pre-service science teachers were found to lack the ability to use digital tools and the experience of class using digital tools. Pre-service science teachers perceived that in-person classes were the highest effective, but they had very positive perception of blended teaching methods. They perceived the advantages of online learning as learning at a desired location, controlling learning speed, and repeatable learning, while the disadvantages included the lack of interaction, difficulty in self-regulating learning, and poor online learning environment. In addition, they were found to have a very negative perception of online experimental classes, but showed a somewhat positive perception of learning basic concepts. In order to prepare for future school science education and enhance digital capabilities of pre-service science teachers, it is necessary to improve the curriculum for them and develop and utilize teaching-learning methods and strategies.

Knowledge, attitude, and wearing of personal protective equipment among dental hygienists in regions during the COVID-19 era

Objectives: This study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude, and wearing of four types of personal protective equipment among dental hygienists based on to the COVID-19 infection control guidelines and to provide basic data on the need to wear these equipment by dental hygienists in dental medical institutions. Methods: Between March 31 and April 26, 2022, 285 dental hygienists working at dental institutions in Busan and Gyeongsang Provinces participated in the study. Results: The higher the knowledge on personal protective equipment, the higher the glove-wearing rate; and the higher the attitude toward personal protective equipment, the higher the KF94 mask-wearing rate. Furthermore, the higher the rate of wearing face shields, the higher the rate of wearing gloves and full-body protective suits; and the higher the rate of wearing gloves, the higher the rate of wearing a full-body protective suit. Conclusions: To prevent cross-infection by dental hygienists in dental medical institutions, it is necessary to have the four types of personal protective equipment at all times and to strengthen comprehensive education on these equipment.

예비유아교사가 지각하는 유아과학교육 필요성과 인공지능 지식, 과학교수태도 및 과학교수효능감 간의 구조적 관계

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship between pre-service early childhood teachers' perceived need for early childhood science education and their knowledge of artificial intelligence, attitudes toward science instruction, and self-efficacy in science teaching. The subjects of this study were 224 pre-service early childhood teachers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gyeongsang provinces, and their data were analyzed for the research. The relationships among research variables were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis, and the structural relationships were explored through structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0. These results were as followed. First, when examining the tendencies of research variables, all scored above 3.0 points, indicating a high level, and normality was considered satisfactory in the analysis. Second, statistically significant positive correlations were observed among all variables, with a particular focus on endogenous variables such as science teaching self-efficacy and its sub-factors, as well as attitudes toward science instruction and its sub-factors. Third, the measurement model was found to be appropriate. Examining the path coefficients of the structural model revealed that the perceived need for early childhood science education had statistically significant effects on artificial intelligence knowledge, attitudes toward science instruction, and science teaching self-efficacy. Statistically significant effects of artificial intelligence knowledge were found on attitudes toward science instruction and science teaching self-efficacy. Mediation analysis revealed that knowledge of artificial intelligence partially mediated the influence of perceived need for early childhood science education on attitudes toward science instruction and science teaching self-efficacy. These research findings suggest the need to consider incorporating educational approaches related to artificial intelligence to enhance the foundation of early childhood science education.

Identification of Fusarium Basal Rot Pathogens of Onion and Evaluation of Fungicides against the Pathogens

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an economically important vegetable crop worldwide. However, various fungal diseases, including Fusarium basal rot (FBR), neck rot, and white rot, reduce onion production or bulb storage life. FBR caused by Fusarium species is among the most destructive onion diseases. In this study, we identified Fusarium species associated with FBR in Jeolla and Gyeongsang Provinces in South Korea and evaluated fungicides against the pathogens. Our morphological and molecular analyses showed that FBR in onions is associated with Fusarium commune, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium proliferatum. We selected seven fungicides (fludioxonil, hexaconazole, mandestrobin, penthiopyrad, prochloraz-manganese, pydiflumetofen, and tebuconazole) and evaluated their inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of the pathogens at three different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mL). We found that prochloraz-manganese was highly effective, inhibiting 100% of the mycelial growth of the pathogens at all concentrations, followed by tebuconazole. Fludioxonil showed < 50% inhibition at 1 mg/mL for the tested isolates.

원장의 코칭리더십과 유아교사의 임파워먼트 및 행복플로리시 간의 구조적 관계

This study analyzed the structural relationship among director’s coaching leadership and early childhood teacher’s empowerment and flourishing, and investigated the direct effect of coaching leadership on flourishing and the indirect effect of mediating empowerment. A questionnaire was disributed to measure director’s coaching leadership and early childhood teacher’s empowerment and flourishing on 203 early childhood teachers in Seoul, and Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang Provinces. With the collected data, the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 28.0 program. The results of this study are as follows. First, through the analysis of the covariance structure, the final structural relationship model among coaching leadership, empowerment and flourishing was found to be suitable for all goodness-of-fit indices. Coaching leadership had a significant positive effect on empowerment and flourishing, and empowerment had a significant positive effect on flourishing. Second, coaching leadership had a direct effect on flourishing and an indirect effect through empowerment. From these research results, empowerment is a mediator having an indirect effect on the influence of coaching leadership on flourishing.

Development of Variable-Density Yield Models with Site Index Estimation for Korean Pines and Japanese Larch

The objectives of this study were to develop site index and variable-density yield models for Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora Siebold &amp; Zucc.), Korean white pine (P. koraiensis S. &amp; Z.), and Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière) in Korea. The data were collected between 2012 and 2021 from repeatedly measured empirical plots in each target stand in the North Central region of Korea: Gangwon and North Gyeongsang provinces. To develop the site index for each species, a dominant height growth model by species was developed using the Chapman–Richards function. The site index was computed with a base age of 40 years and used as an independent variable to predict the stand volume. To develop the variable-density yield models, three stand density variables, the stand age, and the site index were applied. The stand density variables used were the stand basal area, the number of trees per hectare, and the relative density. All the models were successfully developed with significant parameters and reasonable fit statistics, and the residuals analyzed presented unbiased scatter plots. Yield models with the stand basal area, or the number of trees, can be used to predict the stand volume. The yield model with relative density was flexible to apply across the stand age because the input of the absolute stand density was not required. Model simulation and comparisons with other studies also supported the applicability of the models developed in this study. The models were found to be highly applicable for predicting and simulating these targeted stands, particularly in Korea.

Validity and Reliability of Metacognitive Rating Scale for Nursing Students

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the metacognition rating scale (MCRS), which is a revised version of the existing metacognition questionnaire (MCQ) with anger and anxiety added.Methods: A survey was conducted on 591 nursing students at colleges in North and South Gyeongsang Provinces, South Korea. The collected data were processed for the reliability and validity of the MCRS through Cronbach’s ⍺ and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 26.0.Results: Cronbach’s ⍺ for the reliability of MCRS was calculated at .88, .86, .77, .74, and .66 for five subfactors. Among the five subfactors, the first, second, third, and fifth factors showed high correlation in each of six items. Factor 4 was highly correlated in 5 out of 6 questions.Conclusion: The data confirm that the MCQ revised to include anger and anxiety is both reliable and valid for nursing students. Therefore, this scale can be used to identify the maladaptive metacognition of nursing students in stressful situations.

초등교사의 임파워먼트, 코칭리더십 및 행복플로리시 간의 구조적 관계

This study analyzed the structural relationship among elementary school teacher’s Empowerment, Coaching Leadership, and Flourishment, and investigated the direct effect of Empowerment on Flourishment and the indirect effect mediating Coaching Leadership. This study distributed a questionnaire to measure elementary school teacher’s Empowerment, Coaching Leadership, and Flourishment to 250 elementary school teachers with more than one year of experience working in Seoul, and Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang Provinces. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. The results of this study are as follows. First, through the analysis of the covariance structure, the final structural relationship model among Empowerment, Coaching Leadership, and Flourishment was found to be suitable for all goodness-of-fit indices. Empowerment has a significant positive effect on Coaching Leadership and Flourishment. Coaching Leadership also has a significant positive effect on Flourishment. Second, Empowerment has a direct effect on Flourishment and an indirect effect through Coaching Leadership. From these research results, Coaching Leadership is a mediator having an indirect effect on the influence of Empowerment on Flourishment.

미혼 남녀의 가족건강성과 결혼의향의 관계 : 가족가치관의 매개효과

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family strengths and the marriage intentions of unmarried men and women with a focus on family values. Data was collected from 337 unmarried men and women aged between 25 and 35 years, living in Busan, Daegu, and Gyeongsang provinces. The collected data was analyzed using the PASW 18.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. The analysis of data revealed that family strengths had a positive influence on stable-romantic marital values, remunerative-instrumental marital values, and motivations of parenthood. Conversely, they had a negative influence on passive-exclusive marital values. Also, stable-romantic marital values, remunerative-instrumental marital values, and parenthood motivations had a positive influence on marriage intentions. Passive- exclusive marital values had a negative influence on marriage intentions. Also, there was a gender difference in the structural model explaining the relationship between the variables. The passive-exclusive marital values of unmarried men affected marriage intentions. In unmarried women, remunerative-instrumental marital values, passive-exclusive marital values, and parenthood motivations affected marriage intentions. These results were discussed in the light of the low birthrate policy.

Relation Modeling of Factors Influencing Life Satisfaction and Adaptation of Korean Older Adults in Long-Term Care Facilities.

This study aimed to model and examine the relationship between the factors influencing the adaptation ability and life satisfaction of the elderly people living in long-term care facilities. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design and relation prediction modeling. Participants were 229 older adults over 65 years old, who had lived for more than six months in the long-term care facilities of the Gyeonggi and Gyeongsang provinces, South Korea. The model construction was based on the Ecological model developed by Lawton (1982). The data were included demographics, physical health status, emotional health status, self-efficacy, and social support. The analysis of collected data was done by using the SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs. The model fit index for the modified model was χ2 = 15.561, χ2/df = 2.223, GFI = 0.980, AGFI = 0.920, NFI = 0.967, CFI = 0.970, and RMRS = 0.018, RMSEA = 0.021. Life satisfaction was influenced by the factors of adaptation, depression, anxiety, friend support, self-efficacy, and staff support. In addition, adaptation was affected by the factors of staff support, depression, anxiety, and friend support. This study suggests that life satisfaction and adaptation for Korean elderly in long-term facilities were primarily influenced by of the factors of anxiety, depression, friend support, and staff support. In the nursing practice, nurses need to pay attention to these factors to improve the life satisfaction and adaptation ability of Korean elderly in long-term facilities.

비수도권 소멸위험지역의 권역별 주거수준 비교

While extremely low fertility coupled with population aging leads to deurbanization and poses a serious threat to urban growth management, the sustainability of shrinking regions receives limited attention. This research is to identify depopulated areas, to describe socio-demographic and housing profiles, to examine needs of housing and social welfare services and to compare residential assessment among three different regions of non-Seoul metropolitan area. The study selected 2,729 households from the 12th (2017) Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), and employed ANOVA, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. Although regional distinctions in socio-demographics and housing outcomes were statistically significant, a vast majority of the respondents were elderly households with modest income and owned small-sized non-apartment housing. It’s striking that the southeastern region (Gyeongsang Provinces) showed the highest concentration of elderly people and the largest number of dwellers in informal housing among the regions. Due to the inverted population pyramid across the regions, the most frequently used social services were predominantly cash transfer (e.g., social security and medicaid) and in-kind support (e.g., meal delivery, necessity goods and housekeeping services). Also, the statistical analysis indicated that housing satisfaction was affected by housing size, housing structure type and satisfactions with family, household income and job while overall satisfaction was influenced by satisfactions with leisure, social network, job, family, housing, household income and health. Thus, this research implies that depopulated areas are associated with deurbanization which in turn speeds up deterioration of housing and infrastructure.

The Characteristics of Spatio-temporal Distribution of Christian Retreat Centers in Korea

우리나라 초기 수양관의 설립은 해외 선교사의 휴식처로 시작되었지만, 교회의 성장에 따라 교회건축과 더불어 수양관의 확대도 한국 대도시 주변에서 눈에 띄는 경관 중의 하나가 되었다. 수양관이 언제부터 많이 생겼고, 어디에 주로 분포하고, 소속 교회와의 거리는 어느 정도인지, 본 연구를 통해 수양관 분포의 시간적 공간적 특성에 대한 궁금증을 해소하고, 향후 추이에 대한 논의를 하고자 하였다. 가톨릭교회는 주로 도시와 도시 인근 시가화 지역에 수양관 역할을 하는 피정의 집이 주로 분포하고, 교구가 주체가 되어 관리하며, 개인적으로, 집단적으로 신청을 받아서 활용하고 있었다. 개신교의 경우에는 농산어촌의 비시가화지역에 수양관이 주로 분포하며 교회가 운영하는 수양관이 대부분을 차지하나, 교회소속이 아닌 수양관도 있으며, 종교를 넘어서 펜션과 일반 캠프시설을 함께 운영하는 곳까지 다양하였다. 수양관은 예측대로 경기도에 가장 많이 분포하고 있었으며, 대형교회의 경우 대부분 수양관을 보유하고 있지만, 건물을 임대하여 예배를 드리는 교회중 수양관을 보유한 곳은 세 곳에 불과하였다. 농어촌 교회가 일부 시설을 수양관으로 제공하는 것과 함께 수양관의 에어비엔비와 같은 숙박서비스, 시설의 고급화경향도 볼 수 있었다. 향후 청년인구의 감소와 청년교인의 감소, 수양관의 노후화 등으로 인해 수양관 수의 감소, 소 유주 변경, 기능변화 등이 있을 것으로 예상된다.Retreat centers in Korea were built for missionary people to take a rest at first, but more and more centers have been being established around the major cities of Korea with the increase in Christian population and churches in the 1980s and 1990s. We aim to investigating the spatio-temporal patterns of retreat centers in Korea. Collecting data from representative internet GIS service was the first step. More than two hundred centers were listed. The data of the owners, the year of establishment, the distance from main church building to center, the size of center were gathered and crosschecked by various ways including other articles, documents and interviewing telephones. Distribution of retreat centers shows that the Gyeonggi Province has the largest stock of centers while the Gyeongsang Provinces has the least. In contrast with churches without exclusive buildings for worship not having center, most mega churches had their own retreat center. Decrease in young Christians and increase in Airbnb services, furnished resorts and the cost of repairing will make the number of retreat center decrease and push the functions be diverse and the retreat center sold for other purposes.

Assessment of Heavy Metal(loid)s Pollution in Arable Soils near Industrial Complex in Gyeongsang Provinces of South Korea

Assessment of Heavy Metal(loid)s Pollution in Arable Soils near Industrial Complex in Gyeongsang Provinces of South Korea

Herd prevalence and genotypes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cattle bulk tank milk in Gyeongsang provinces of South Korea.

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of the zoonotic Q fever, and its reservoirs include ticks and livestock, which are key sources of transmission to humans. Although there have been several studies on the prevalence of C. burnetii antibodies in dairy cattle bulk tank milk (BTM), there is a lack of information on the molecular detection of C. burnetii in BTM in South Korea. Thus, this study was designed to assess milk shedding of C. burnetii in BTM from dairy cattle herds. Among the 607 BTM samples collected from 41 counties in Gyeongsang provinces in 2015, 108 (17.8%) from 23 (56.1%) counties tested positive for C. burnetii by PCR. Because the 16S rRNA sequences of C. burnetii from all 108 PCR-positive samples were identical, two representative samples (BTM-GB-10 and BTM-GN-63) are described in this paper. These sequences showed high identity (96.9-100%) to other C. burnetii sequences deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these two sequences were clustered with existing C. burnetii strains. The relatively high prevalence rates of C. burnetii in BTM detected in this study suggest that C. burnetii is prevalent among dairy cattle herds in South Korea. Thus, implementation of continuous monitoring and control strategies for domestic animals is needed to prevent disease transmission and protect public health.

Estimation and validation of stem volume equations for Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, and Larix kaempferi in South Korea

ABSTRACTStem volume models using diameter at breast height (DBH) and height were developed for Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, and Larix kaempferi. The data were obtained from Gangwon, Gyeonggi, and North Gyeongsang provinces in South Korea, and the sample trees felled were used to provide the parameter estimates of volume equations. The combined-variable function, , was shown to be the best model through the validation of the equation. Also, the model using only DBH, was also evaluated to be applicable in the field. These models revealed higher accuracy when compared with previous studies. Both equations are considered to be easily used in the field.

CTX-M-14 Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Chickens at Gyeongsang Provinces

CTX-M-14 Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Chickens at Gyeongsang Provinces

물질주의, 의류쇼핑성향, 의류충동구매간의 관계

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of materialism and clothing shopping orientation on clothing impulse buying. The subjects were 309 female college students in Gyeongsang provinces. The obtained data were analyzed by reliability analysis, frequency, factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The major results of this study were as follows: First, two factors of materialism were identified: happiness pursuit materialism and possession pursuit materialism. Second, two factors of clothing shopping orientation were identified: conspicuous shopping orientation and hedonic shopping orientation. Third, a significant positive correlation was found among two factors of materialism, two factors of clothing shopping orientation, and clothing impulse buying. Fourth, possession pursuit materialism influences clothing impulse buying through conspicuous shopping orientation. Fifth, happiness pursuit materialism influences clothing impulse buying through hedonic shopping orientation.

결혼이주여성의 구강건강신념 및 자기효능감과 구강건강인식도와의 관련성

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between of oral health belief and self-efficacy on oral health awareness for marriage migrant women's in the Yeongnam region and provide basic data that could help develop programs necessary to improve oral health awareness and change attitudes; for this purpose, a self-administered questionnaire based on interview was used in marriage migrant women's using eight multicultural centers in Daegu and North and South Gyeongsang Provinces from October 1 to December 15, 2013 and 256 copies were finally analyzed. The statistically analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 7.0, with the statistical significance level set at p<.05. As for the effects of oral health belief and self-efficacy on oral health awareness, the experience of scaling was affected by seriousness(β=.568) among the factors of oral health belief(p<.05), oral health status was affected by sensitivity(β=-.391)(p<.01), and oral health concern was affected by sensitivity(β=-.183), seriousness(β=.172), usefulness (β=.224), and self-efficacy(β=.237)(p<.01). It is necessary to analyze the effects of oral health belief and self-efficacy on oral health awareness, make positive efforts to develop preventive oral health management and oral health education programs, and make fundamental policies for improving oral health in multicultural families so that marriage migrant women's can make efficient oral health management.

한국의 의료폐기물 발생 및 처리의 공간적 분포에 관한 연구

Objectives: In Korea, the system of management of medical waste largely relies on the incineration method. Our study aimed to identify any regional imbalances between the generation and treatment of medical waste, and provide reference data for future policy in Korea. Methods: We analyzed data on the amount of medical waste from 2,000 hospitals in 2012, 2013, and 2014 obtained from the Korea Environment Corporation. In the Arc GIS program (version 10.2.3), the addresses of hospitals and incinerators were transformed into map coordinates. The amount of waste generated by each hospital and the amount incinerated were represented by density and size of a triangle symbol, respectively. Results: As of 2014, the total amount of medical waste from the top 2,000 hospitals was 136,073 tons, out of which about half (49%) was generated in the capital area. Eleven incineration companies (three in the capital area, two in the Chungcheong Provinces area, one in the Jeolla Provinces area, and five in the Gyeongsang Provinces area) treated this waste. For the years 2012, 2013, and 2014, about 60% of the medical waste generated from the hospitals in the capital area was treated within the capital area and about 40% was transported to other areas, especially the Gyeongsang Provinces area, for treatment. On the other hand, about 90% of the medical waste incinerated in the capital area originated from the capital area. Conclusion: Our results suggest a spatial imbalance between the generation and treatment of medical waste in Korea and warrants multilateral policies, including the expansion of on-site treatment, strengthening regulation of the containment of medical wastes, promoting reductions in medical waste and more.