비수도권 소멸위험지역의 권역별 주거수준 비교

Abstract

While extremely low fertility coupled with population aging leads to deurbanization and poses a serious threat to urban growth management, the sustainability of shrinking regions receives limited attention. This research is to identify depopulated areas, to describe socio-demographic and housing profiles, to examine needs of housing and social welfare services and to compare residential assessment among three different regions of non-Seoul metropolitan area. The study selected 2,729 households from the 12th (2017) Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), and employed ANOVA, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. Although regional distinctions in socio-demographics and housing outcomes were statistically significant, a vast majority of the respondents were elderly households with modest income and owned small-sized non-apartment housing. It’s striking that the southeastern region (Gyeongsang Provinces) showed the highest concentration of elderly people and the largest number of dwellers in informal housing among the regions. Due to the inverted population pyramid across the regions, the most frequently used social services were predominantly cash transfer (e.g., social security and medicaid) and in-kind support (e.g., meal delivery, necessity goods and housekeeping services). Also, the statistical analysis indicated that housing satisfaction was affected by housing size, housing structure type and satisfactions with family, household income and job while overall satisfaction was influenced by satisfactions with leisure, social network, job, family, housing, household income and health. Thus, this research implies that depopulated areas are associated with deurbanization which in turn speeds up deterioration of housing and infrastructure.