Guava Plants Research Articles

Effect of Foliar Spray of Micronutrients on Physical Parameters of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda

A field experiment was conducted in Department of Horticulture, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India, during 2019-20 on 12-year-old guava plants to studies on the effect of foliar spray of micronutrient on the physical parameter of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda. Results revealed that fruit set (68.80%), fruit retention (65.80%), fruit length (7.10 cm), fruit width (6.75 cm), fruit weight (137.7 g), fruit volume (148.7cm3), specific gravity (0.93) and fruit yield per plant (42.30 kg plant-1) were obtained maximum with the foliar spray of borax (0.4%), closely followed by zinc sulphate (0.4%).

Guava plants growth and soil microbial respiration in response to Arbuscular mycorrhizal species inoculation under alkaline soil conditions

Guava plants growth and soil microbial respiration in response to Arbuscular mycorrhizal species inoculation under alkaline soil conditions

Guava Disease Detection Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: A Case Study of Guava Plants

Food production is a growing challenge with the increasing global population. To increase the yield of food production, we need to adopt new biotechnology-based fertilization techniques. Furthermore, we need to improve early prevention steps against plant disease. Guava is an essential fruit in Asian countries such as Pakistan, which is fourth in its production. Several pathological and fungal diseases attack guava plants. Furthermore, postharvest infections might result in significant output losses. A professional opinion is essential for disease analysis due to minor variances in various guava disease symptoms. Farmers’ poor usage of pesticides may result in financial losses due to incorrect diagnosis. Computer-vision-based monitoring is required with developing field guava plants. This research uses a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based data enhancement using color-histogram equalization and the unsharp masking technique to identify different guava plant species. Nine angles from 360∘ were applied to increase the number of transformed plant images. These augmented data were then fed as input into state-of-the-art classification networks. The proposed method was first normalized and preprocessed. A locally collected guava disease dataset from Pakistan was used for the experimental evaluation. The proposed study uses five neural network structures, AlexNet, SqueezeNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet-50, and ResNet-101, to identify different guava plant species. The experimental results proved that ResNet-101 obtained the highest classification results, with 97.74% accuracy.

SUSTAINABILITY OF APPLE PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICS USING LAND RENT ANALYSIS IN BATU CITY INDONESIA

Apples have gone through a long process of adapting to the Indonesian climate. Limited availability of non-renewable land creates fierce competition for land use. The purpose of this study was to a) determine the history and condition of apple farming, b) to analyze the land rent value of apple plants with plants that have the potential to replace them, namely oranges, guava, and seasonal plants, c) to determine the factors that affect the land rent value of citrus, guava, and seasonal plants. Data obtained through interviews with selected informants using a questionnaire and analyzed using land rent analysis to determine the value and factors that influence it. The results showed that apple plants' introduction has resulted in several varieties that have successfully adapted to the Indonesian climate. Indonesian apples' development is still 99.81% centered in East Java, with bad apples' sustainability because the land rent value is much lower than other commodities.

Bioaccumulated Mercury by Several Types of Plants in Ex-Traditional Gold Processing Area, Gogorea Village, Buru Island

This study examines the accumulation of metallic mercury by several types of plants in the traditional gold processing area in the village of Gogore, Buru district. The plants that were sampled in this study were guava, lempuyang gajah, and harendong bulu. These three plant species were chosen because they dominate the vegetation in the gold processing area. The analysis results showed that the lempuyang gajah was the plant that accumulated the highest mercury metal, namely in the roots of 16.79 ppm and the leaves of 15.03 ppm. Guava plants accumulated metal mercury in the roots and leaves of 11.73 ppm and 9.90 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, harendong plants accumulated mercury in the roots and leaves of 2.59 ppm and 10.39 ppm, respectively. The BCF values ​​of guava, lempuyang gajah, and harendong bulu plants were 1.58, 0.41, and 0.39, respectively. Meanwhile, the TF values ​​of the three plants were 0.84, 0.89, and 4.01, respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that the three plants can accumulate mercury in high enough concentrations, so these three types of plants are categorized as hyper tolerant plants and accumulators.

English

Neopestalotiopsis species are known to be involved in plant diseases as associated pathogens. The taxonomic identification of the fungal group Neopestalotiopsisis little bit difficult due to its complex evolutionary history. In the present study, seven fungal isolates were investigated from canker-affected guava plants. The phylogeny for generic placement of these isolates was analyzed to validate them as Neopestalotiopsis genus by phylogenetic signals from the 28S nrRNA region (LSU). Generated morphological data was segregated as new morpho-species of the Neopestalotiopsis genus. Hence, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), Translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and Tubulin (TUB) genic region of these isolates were studied in juxtaposition with morphological data to resolve species limits. Both phylogenetic and morphological data revealed four novel species of the Neopestalotiopsis genus out of seven isolates studied. These Neopestalotiopsis species could be of great significance for further investigation as putative pathogens associated with canker or scabby canker disease in guava.

Sustainable Characterization of Silane Treated and Untreated Psidium Guajava Stem Natural Fibers Based Automobile Brake Pads

ABSTRACT The present study deals with the extraction and characterization of untreated and silane-treated natural fibers from stems of Psidium guajava (Guava plants) for automobile brake pad applications. The extraction of fibers was done from the Psidium guajava plant stems by the retting process followed by silane treatment. The untreated and silane-treated Psidium guajava fibers were analyzed for chemical, physical, and crystalline properties. These fibers were used in the brake pad composite developed using conventional industrial processes and analyzed for various performance characteristics as per industrial standards. The tribological performance of the developed brake pads was measured using the Chase test following IS 2742 Part-4 of 1994 or SAE J661:2012. It was found that silane-treated Psidium guajava fibers had acrystalline index of 42%, while it was 27% for untreated Psidium guajava fibers. The brake pads developed using silane-treated Psidium guajava fibers showed ahigher hardness of 99, while it was 90 for untreated Psidium guajava fibers proving better results upon the usage of silane-treated Psidium guajava fibers in brake pads. Scanning Electron Microscope studies of Chase tested brake pads that elucidated the plateau formations and back transfers.

AI-Driven Framework for Recognition of Guava Plant Diseases through Machine Learning from DSLR Camera Sensor Based High Resolution Imagery.

Plant diseases can cause a considerable reduction in the quality and number of agricultural products. Guava, well known to be the tropics’ apple, is one significant fruit cultivated in tropical regions. It is attacked by 177 pathogens, including 167 fungal and others such as bacterial, algal, and nematodes. In addition, postharvest diseases may cause crucial production loss. Due to minor variations in various guava disease symptoms, an expert opinion is required for disease analysis. Improper diagnosis may cause economic losses to farmers’ improper use of pesticides. Automatic detection of diseases in plants once they emerge on the plants’ leaves and fruit is required to maintain high crop fields. In this paper, an artificial intelligence (AI) driven framework is presented to detect and classify the most common guava plant diseases. The proposed framework employs the E color difference image segmentation to segregate the areas infected by the disease. Furthermore, color (RGB, HSV) histogram and textural (LBP) features are applied to extract rich, informative feature vectors. The combination of color and textural features are used to identify and attain similar outcomes compared to individual channels, while disease recognition is performed by employing advanced machine-learning classifiers (Fine KNN, Complex Tree, Boosted Tree, Bagged Tree, Cubic SVM). The proposed framework is evaluated on a high-resolution (18 MP) image dataset of guava leaves and fruit. The best recognition results were obtained by Bagged Tree classifier on a set of RGB, HSV, and LBP features (99% accuracy in recognizing four guava fruit diseases (Canker, Mummification, Dot, and Rust) against healthy fruit). The proposed framework may help the farmers to avoid possible production loss by taking early precautions.

Bioactive compounds present in different parts of Guava and their significance: A review

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a tropical and subtropical fruit crop that is commonly used in food and traditional medicine all over the world. It is a member of the Myrtaceae family. Tannins, flavonoid: quercetin, pentacyclic triterpenoid: guajanoic acid, saponins, carotenoids, lectins, leucocyanidin, uvaol, amritoside, betasitosterol, ellagic acid, oleanolic acid, triterpenes, and ursolic acid are some of the essential phytoconstituents. Guava can be eaten raw or refined into juice, pulp, jam, jelly, nectar, powder, tea, and other items. The guava plant parts are utilized for the improvement of variety industrial and medicinal products. Antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anti-mutagenic factors are all found in guava. Guava extract has antinociceptive properties and can help with liver inflammation and serum development.

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities.

Psidium guajava (L.) belongs to the Myrtaceae family and it is an important fruit in tropical areas like India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and South America. The leaves of the guava plant have been studied for their health benefits which are attributed to their plethora of phytochemicals, such as quercetin, avicularin, apigenin, guaijaverin, kaempferol, hyperin, myricetin, gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, and caffeic acid. Extracts from guava leaves (GLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, lipid-lowering, and hepatoprotection activities. In the present review, we comprehensively present the nutritional profile and phytochemical profile of GLs. Further, various bioactivities of the GL extracts are also discussed critically. Considering the phytochemical profile and beneficial effects of GLs, they can potentially be used as an ingredient in the development of functional foods and pharmaceuticals. More detailed clinical trials need to be conducted to establish the efficacy of the GL extracts.

Shallot extract enhance root growth in crystal guava (Psidium guajava) stem cuttings

The most efficient and effective propagation of guava plants is by using stem cuttings. The main obstacle in the multiplication of guava with stem cuttings is the root system. Plant Growth Regulators are needed to accelerate and increase the roots of guava stem cuttings to obtain quality seeds. Plant growth regulators that can be used to accelerate guava growth include Indole Butyric Acid, Naphtalene Acetic Acid. However, both growth regulators are not available at the farm level. One alternative material that can increase the growth of guava cuttings is shallot extract. Information is needed to find out what is the right concentration of shallot extract to get guava seedlings with high growth percentage and quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the exact concentration of shallot extract on the growth of guava root cuttings. The research method used was a single factor experimental which was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The treatments tested were without plant growth regulators (as a control), fresh shallot extract concentration of 1%, maceration of shallot extract concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, IBA with a concentration of 500 ppm (as a comparison). Guava stem cuttings before planting are soaked in the treatment solution for 120 minutes. During seedling growth, observations of roots, stems and leaves are observed. Observation data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the concentration of maceration of shallot extract 2% was able to grow roots and shoots with the same quality as IBA concentration of 500 ppm on crystal stem guava stem cuttings.

Water requirement and nutrient management of guava (cv. Arka amulya) using drip under high density plantation in coastal Odisha

In the experimental farm, the vegetative characteristics and yield characteristics of the 3-year-old guava were observed at various fertigation doses. Four levels of fertigation i. e. 100%, 80% and 60% of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) by drip irrigation and 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer by soil application were studied in a Randomized block design (RBD). The results showed a significant effect on the plant height, girth of trunk & number of primary branches in vegetative parameters. Canopy spread has shown insignificant effect on various fertigation levels. Yield characteristics viz., number of fruits per plant, weight of the fruit, equatorial and polar diameter of the fruit and yield per hectare affected significantly across various fertigation levels and higher doses resulted in better values. Water use efficiency (WUE) & Fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) were varied with fertigation levels. The results revealed that drip-fertigation can play a positive role in increasing yield, WUE of guava plants with additional benefit of saving in fertilizer cost and fruit quality improvement.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI GANGGUAN PADA TANAMAN JAMBU AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR

The state of Indonesia, especially in the area of Central Java, is one of the largest producers of water guava. Some farmers rely on the results of guava cultivation as the basis for the family's economy because the guava harvest is quite promising. However, in certain seasons, water guava plants are often attacked by various kinds of pest and disease season disturbances. So that it can reduce crop yields or even cause crop failure. To overcome this problem, fast and precise action is needed so that the guava plant is protected from various kinds of pests and diseases. The method of developing an expert system for disturbance in water guava plants is the best solution in order to identify disturbances in water guava plants as early as possible. The method used in this expert system is the certainty factor method. With this method, several experts are needed to provide data related to disturbances in water guava plants. The expert system for guava plant disorders is designed using a web-based PHP programming language. In designing the knowledge base, which is the core of this system, is made dynamically to make it easier to add new data.

Application of Certainty Factor Method to Identify Pests in Crystal Jamboo Plants

Indonesia is an agricultural country with agriculture as one of the main sources of livelihood and a source of income for the people of Indonesia. One of them is the agriculture sector of guava crystal, guava crystal is one of the fruit plants that are already popular in the community. One potential problem in the cultivation of guava crystal is the presence of pests. The presence of pests in crystal guava plants can interfere with the health side of this crystal herbal medicine plant, where pests can attack the leaves, stems to fruit on the guava plants so that they can affect development and losses in the agricultural sector. As is the case in the Yellow River Crystal Guava Plantation Tourism which is still very difficult to detect pests. The results obtained from the calculation of identification of pests are 96% shoots caterpillars, caterpillars 92%, fire caterpillars 52%, caterpillars caterpillar 96%, caterpillars 84%, keket caterpillars 84%, grasshoppers 96%, fruit borer beetles 92%, White Aphids 92%, Aphids 88%, Shield Aphids 84%, and Fruit Flies 96%. That indicates the accuracy of the certainty factor is over 80% accurate.

EFECTO FISIOLÓGICO DE LA DISPONIBILIDAD DE AGUA Y NITRÓGENO EN PLANTAS DE GUAYABA

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The water deficit and the low availability of nutrients are factors that limit the growth and productivity of cultivated plants. <strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and water availability on growth, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthetic efficiency of guava plants (<em>Psidium guajava</em> L. var. cuban red dwarf). <strong>Methodology</strong>: A completely randomized experiment with bifactorial arrangement was designed under greenhouse conditions. Factor A was composed by two levels of nitrogen availability (N1: 1.0 g of nitrogen per plant, N0: no nitrogen application) and factor B by two levels of water availability (A<sub>400</sub>: 400 mL of water every three days and A<sub>200</sub>: 200 mL of water every three days). <strong>Results:</strong> Indicators of photosynthetic structure gain (leaves and branches per plant) were more sensitive to water and nitrogen availability from the early stages of plant development, showing the highest values in treatments with higher nitrogen supply, regardless of water availability. Stem growth was higher in the treatments with higher nitrogen and water supply at 80 ddt, similar to that observed in leaf growth and branch emission, regardless of water availability. <strong>Implications:</strong> The findings found provide new knowledge about the plasticity of cuban red dwarf guava to the conditions of water and nitrogen availability contrasting with the conditions of the experimental site. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Guava plants respond to nitrogen and water limitations in the substrate, increasing root growth as a survival strategy in environments with scarce soil resources, while floods with higher water and nitrogen availability increase their assimilation capacity, proportionally to the chlorophyll<strong> </strong>content.</p>

Induction of defence-related proteins by selected plant growth regulators and biocontrol agents against guava root knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii

Guava is an important edible and economic fruit crop distributed worldwide. It is widely infested with root knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii which plays a vital role in causing economic losses. Several management strategies were performed to enhance the health status of guava and also to reduce root knot nematode infestation. Among the different aspects, application of plant growth regulators on guava plants under nursery conditions against root knot nematode, M. enterolobii was performed. The guava plants were treated with Salicylic acid (100 ppm), Jasmonic acid (100 ppm), and Indole 3-Butyric Acid (1000 ppm) alone and in combination of two and three. The result of this study revealed that IBA at 1,000 ppm alone (T3) and combined application of plant growth regulators viz., (T4) – Salicylic acid (100 ppm) + Jasmonic acid (100 ppm) + Indole 3-Butyric Acid (1,000 ppm) showed reduction in the nematode population and establishment of new roots (compensatory) and tertiary roots. The combined application of PGRs also increased the Plant height, root length, chlorophyll index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. The activity of various enzymes like total phenols, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, acid phosphatase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase were influenced and developed resistance against root knot nematode, M. enterolobii. Under field conditions, application of Pochonia chlamydosporia and Purpureocilium lilacinum reduced the nematode infestation besides increasing the yield attributes of guava plants.

A Novel Framework for Multi-Classification of Guava Disease

Guava is one of the most important fruits in Pakistan, and is gradually boosting the economy of Pakistan. Guava production can be interrupted due to different diseases, such as anthracnose, algal spot, fruit fly, styler end rot and canker. These diseases are usually detected and identified by visual observation, thus automatic detection is required to assist formers. In this research, a new technique was created to detect guava plant diseases using image processing techniques and computer vision. An automated system is developed to support farmers to identify major diseases in guava. We collected healthy and unhealthy images of different guava diseases from the field. Then image labeling was done with the help of an expert to differentiate between healthy and unhealthy fruit. The local binary pattern (LBP) was used for the extraction of features, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used for dimensionality reduction. Disease classification was carried out using multiple classifiers, including cubic support vector machine, Fine K-nearest neighbor (F-KNN), Bagged Tree and RUSBoosted Tree algorithms and achieved 100% accuracy for the diagnosis of fruit flies disease using Bagged Tree. However, the findings indicated that cubic support vector machines (C-SVM) was the best classifier for all guava disease mentioned in the dataset.

Sistem Pakar Untuk Diagnosis Hama Pada Tanaman Jambu Air Menggunakan Metode Theorema Bayes

Technology is a tool or means used by humans to make ends meet. Technological development covers various aspects of life, such as health, education and in agriculture. One of the uses of current technological developments is the creation of expert systems. Expert systems in agriculture can help farmers in overcoming problems in their crops based on the symptoms that occur in these plants, so farmers can quickly find the right solution. One type of agricultural plants that are susceptible to various pests is water guava. In resolving pests and diseases that attack not a few of the farmers or owners make mistakes in overcoming the problems encountered. So by making an expert system to diagnose guava plant diseases it is expected to help farmers to overcome problems by providing good solutions. The process of making this expert system uses the Bayes theorem method. Bayes theorem method is one method to overcome the uncertainty of data. Where this method is based on the initial condition where the initial condition is a condition of existing symptoms then subject to predetermined rules then the greatest truth value is taken to determine the conclusions and solutions of the symptoms that have been mentioned previously.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHATANI JAMBU BIJI KRISTAL (Psidium guajava L.) (Studi Kasus : Petani Jambu Biji Kristal di Desa Warisa Kecamatan Talawaan Kabupaten Minahasa Utara)

This study aims to determine the potential and opportunities for developing crystal guava farming and to analyze the financial feasibility of crystal guava farming in Warisa Village, Talawaan Sub-district, North Minahasa Regency. The study was conducted from July to October 2020. The selection of respondents was carried out by purposive sampling method. The research used primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained from interviews, based on a questionnaire to one guava crystal farmer. Secondary data were obtained from the Head of Village Office, the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Agriculture Office of North Minahasa Regency. The results showed that the potential of natural resources, namely the availability of land for the development of crystal guava cultivation is still quite extensive and the use of existing land can still be maximized. Warisa Village fulfills the growing requirements for the development of guava plants because it is located at an altitude of ± 1-500 meters above sea level (masl), has a temperature of around 26.9-33,710 C in the daytime, rainfall is 1,993 mm year, type of soil is loose and fertile. Based on the financial feasibility analysis, Warisa Village's guava crystal cultivation is financially feasible to continue because it meets all investment criteria. *eprm*

AUTOMATIC WATERING SYSTEM BASED ATMEGA328 MICROCONTROLLER ON GREEN DELI HONEY GUAVA PLANTS

<em>The role of water is very important in the growth process of the green deli honey guava plant, because this plant absolutely requires regular and sufficient water especially during the dry season. One of the obstacles for guava farmers is the problem of watering. Where honey guava has a moisture percentage ranging from 60% to 80% which must be maintained so that the quality of honey guava fruit is better. From these problems, an automatic watering device is designed based on soil moisture. Where this tool can also be monitored via android, LCD, and computer (PC) to make it easier for farmers to monitor. This study aims to determine the effect of soil moisture and assist farmers in controlling soil moisture in the cultivation of deli honey guava. The benefit of this research is to help farmers in an accurate and measurable process of watering plants. This research was conducted in Mancang Village, Binjai City. In this study, 2 honey guava trees were used to be tested using an automatic plant watering tool. One guava tree uses the manual method and the other is controlled using an automatic sprinkler. In this process the data is retrieved via a computer via USB with the PLX-DAQ software. The results showed that the soil moisture of the honey guava tree which was controlled using automatic sprinklers was more stable in maintaining soil moisture of 60% to 80% compared to the honey guava tree which was watered manually because the percentage of soil moisture did not match the plant's needs. Thus, the watering process using this tool is more controlled and measured in maintaining soil moisture in accordance with the needs of the green deli honey guava plant.</em>