Guard Research Articles

Vaccine Hesitancy Narratives

Vaccine Hesitancy Narratives

The racialized patterns of police violence: The critical importance of research as praxis

AbstractThe tragic killing of George Floyd at the hands of the police resulted in hundreds of thousands of protestors marching in the streets demanding change. The call for change criticized the killing of Blacks by law enforcement and challenged White supremacy as an institution of social control and racial violence. A key component of the marches and protests was a message to the residents of the United States: “Black Lives Matter.” As society grapples with a reckoning, researchers studying police violence for the past 6 decades have been empirically and theoretically debating the reasons why use of force by law enforcement continues to have a higher proportion of Black and Brown victims compared to Whites. Although the research on fatal police killings was studied by only a small number of individuals prior to 2014, after the killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri the research in different areas of the country increased rapidly as did the forms of analysis and research disciplines making their own contributions. TheWashington PostandGuardiannews agencies established that deaths at the hands of the police were occurring for at least 900 to 1100 individual deaths per year for which firearms resulted in the greatest cause of death. As US government agencies failed to produce a national data source on police involved killings, the media took a leading role in providing greater national understanding. The authors examine what role academic researchers contribute to the discussion for solutions, particularly those from marginalized backgrounds. As protestors march, lawyers sue and defend, and politicians create new forms of legislation, researchers need to play a more important role initiating critical studies, making sense of the data, and providing a theoretical framework for which police violence can be understood. This article will provide an overview of the literature on racialized police violence, point out key patterns involving racial and ethnic disparities, and emphasize how researchers can play a more important role in advocating for change.

Votes for Women and Public Discourse: Elite Newspapers, Correspondence Columns and Informed Debate in Edwardian Britain

This article examines how three elite newspapers – the Daily Telegraph, The Times, and the Manchester Guardian – used correspondence columns to promote informed and balanced public debate, showing how this was independent of editorial arguments as part of extended commitment to conceptions of the ‘educational ideal’. It focuses on the campaign of the Women’s Social and Political Union, and particularly hunger strikes and the government’s response of forcible feeding, to evaluate how public figures with authority and institutional credibility engaged with each other in the press. With regard to the work of Jürgen Habermas, the article also considers how an effective public sphere was framed and maintained in elite newspapers, but also how access was partially circumscribed based on expertise and social status in line with the wider nature of Edwardian democracy.

A critical discourse analysis of a news report on two mosques shooting in Christchurch-New Zealand

News reports are regarded as a reflection of world reality. People around the world are watching the news reports to get the first aid information about incidents or events they need. Hence, languages in the news reports are, of course, considered neutral, impartial, and unbiased. Thus, this paper attempts to provide a critical discourse analysis CDA of a news report in its online version taken from the Guardian newspaper regarding the mass shooting of the Muslims in Christchurch, New Zealand. In this respect, Halliday’s systematic functional grammar is employed to explore the linguistic features along with two CDA’s tools (nominalization and passivization). Moreover, the researcher used these different tools of discourse analysis to unfold the use of biased language in this news report. For achieving this goal, the paper attempts to define some theoretical background of the CDA approach with its tools initially. Afterward, there is an interpretation and discussion of the analysis which is adopted based on CDA tools. However, the result of the analysis unfolded that Guardian news reports concerning the two Mosques shooting in Christchurch, New Zealand were not remained unbiased in reporting such sensitive issues. The implication for the journalists is to keep always their impartiality in advance while reporting any incidents or events.

DATA JOURNALISM IN THE COVID-19 PERIOD: A DESCRIPTIONAL REVIEW OF CORONAVIRUS NEWS

This research focuses on the events of data journalism during Covid-19. Journalism is mainly carried out by data analysis in this period. In the context of the contextuality/relationality concept, data- driven stories and factually compiled knowledge serve an extremely important enlightenment role for the reader. The main aim of the study is to show how critical information is revealed and presented within the framework of the understanding of journalism by analyzing big data, and to show the value that the understanding of data journalism contributes to journalism in this context. For this purpose, sample news about the Covid-19 period produced by the data journalism process from the websites of the New York Times and The Guardian newspapers was selected for the analysis. Descriptive analysis method was used in the study whose conceptual framework was established through data journalism, news production processes in data journalism and visual storytelling. Data journalism, which involves multidisciplinary cooperation, has been evaluated in terms of both news production processes and visual storytelling. As a result of the study, it was observed that significant knowledge was brought to light by creating substantive relationships between the data, a transparent and accountable journalism approach was performed, and complicated quantitative data was presented in a clear and interesting form with effective visualization factors in this era, which is critical for society. The value of data journalism has been pointed out in this context, making the news efficient, understandable, relevant and verifiable on the basis of news production processes, and creating a new direction in today's understanding of journalism.

The Effect of the Increase in the Marine Pollution Control Staff on Improvement in Marine Pollutant Outflow-Focusing on the Maritime Pollution Response Bureau of Korea Coast Guard-

The Effect of the Increase in the Marine Pollution Control Staff on Improvement in Marine Pollutant Outflow-Focusing on the Maritime Pollution Response Bureau of Korea Coast Guard-

Court off guard

Court off guard

Designing Human Interest Photography: The Role of Gunung Padang Site Keeper As Cultural Heritage Guard

Punden terraces on the Gunung Padang Site, Cianjur, West Java is archaeological evidence about the existence of prehistoric humans. This Megalithic Age heritage building is a form of cultural reality that must be cared for and preserved. During this time, there have been many acts of vandalism against cultural heritage objects, so that a site guard is needed called a keeper. The role of the keeper includes establishing social interaction with tourists to socialize the importance of prehistoric sites as a national asset. This study aims to visualize the activity of keepers as a form of self-actualization through human interest photography. Quantitatively, the data shows that 62% of tourists consider that media information is still limited in the area of the site, so 92% of tourists consider the importance of a keeper. Qualitatively, the discussion of photography design uses a visual narrative theory that refers to elements of plot, viewpoint, character, event, time and place, and causal relations. The human interest photography presents a variety of self-actualization of keepers in interacting with nature and humans, as a choice, responsibility, intentional nature, search for meaning, value, and creativity, which are included in humanistic postulates. The study results can be a reference to the application of visual language in conveying messages about the values of social life keepers in carrying out their role as cultural heritage guard.

‘Circle of light’ and ‘this’

These poems were written during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. ‘This' is a poetic paraphrase and development of a piece in The Guardian newspaper.

Pragmatic Hedges in Editorials: A Focus on Vanguard, Guardian and Sun Newspaper Editorials in 2017

Many studies have been carried out on the operations of hedges in different language discourse especially in scientific reports and academic writing. Amongst these studies, none has focused on the operations, functions and layout of hedges in Nigerian newspapers. It is on this basis therefor that the current study pays attention to the nature and pragmatic functions which hedges are deployed in Nigerian newspaper editorials. It is the academic gap which the present study unravels. The study used the categorisation of hedges provided by Salager Meyer (1994) as the theoretical framework. The study sampled six editorials each from the 2017 editorials of the Vanguard, Guardian and Sun newspapers, making a total of 18 editorials for analysis. At the end, the study present amongst other findings that the shield hedges are the more frequently used hedges in the newspaper editorials as all the newspapers used it. On the other hand, the study found out that no newspaper editorial used the compound hedge as there was none found in the sampled data.

How to be on your guard against scams

How to be on your guard against scams

Populism, the media, and the mainstreaming of the far right: The Guardian’s coverage of populism as a case study

Populism seems to define our current political age. The term is splashed across the headlines, brandished in political speeches and commentaries, and applied extensively in numerous academic publications and conferences. This pervasive usage, or populist hype, has serious implications for our understanding of the meaning of populism itself and for our interpretation of the phenomena to which it is applied. In particular, we argue that its common conflation with far-right politics, as well as its breadth of application to other phenomena, has contributed to the mainstreaming of the far right in three main ways: (1) agenda-setting power and deflection, (2) euphemisation and trivialisation, and (3) amplification. Through a mixed-methods approach to discourse analysis, this article uses The Guardian newspaper as a case study to explore the development of the populist hype and the detrimental effects of the logics that it has pushed in public discourse.

NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN DURING COVID-19 LOCKDOWN

This study examined the coverage of domestic violence against women in select Nigerian dailies. Among the national dailies under review are Daily Sun, Vanguard and Guardian newspapers. The researcher used the content analysis research method in reviewing the manifest contents of the three papers from March 23rd to June 2020. The study period covered a total of 100 days which translates to 300 publications of the three newspapers under investigation. The specific objectives of the study are to ascertain whether the newspapers give prominence to domestic violence; find the dominant source of interventions for victims of domestic violence against women; observe whether the newspapers gave adequate publications to the rising domestic violence against women and find out if the newspapers actually follow-up domestic violence cases within the lockdown in their publications. The social responsibility and Agenda-setting theories served as the theoretical framework for the study. Findings revealed that the newspapers neither gave prominence nor adequate coverage to domestic violence against women within the lockdown period. It was also found that the newspapers hardly follow-up their stories on domestic violence within the period. The researcher concluded that the select newspapers did not do well in their coverage of domestic violence in the period under investigation by publishing only 115 news items on such crimes within the period. The study recommended among others that the media should as a respect to their social responsibility functions expose the people to the harmful effects of domestic violence against women in the country.

Dying alone and lonely dying: Media discourse and pandemic conditions

Background and objectivesThis paper explores current concerns and practice related to older people dying alone in Intensive Care Units, care homes, and at home through media discussions during the Covid-19 pandemic and before. It addresses the historically-situated concept of a good death and a bad death and suggests why dying alone, whether completely alone or without significant others physically present, may be considered a bad death. MethodsAs evidence for collective fears about dying alone, we explored the treatment of these deaths in media using headline examples from the US New York Times and the English Guardian newspaper from the 19th century through Sept. 2020. ResultsA search of the New York Times located 39 articles with either lonely dying or lonely death in the headline. The Guardian had 25 articles with use of the term, but unlike the New York Times, no obituaries were included. Although the deaths profiled were deemed unusual, deaths by suicide were only minimally classed as dying alone. The condition of dying alone is represented as a stigmatised death. Themes addressed: 1) dying alone is a nonnormative event; 2) this death matters; and 3) where people die alone, societies should honour the death and learn from it. Discussion and implicationsContemporary dying involves conditions for which we are unprepared as a society. We seldom address our civic obligations to each other. Few people have discussed their wishes about their preferences in dying and whether and how they want to be accompanied at their death, if possible. This is an invisible constraint of modern healthcare. Because of limited discussions and preparation, these deaths may lead to disenfranchised grief for the mourners. Cultural and societal responses to lonely dying are important in easing the emotional burden of dying alone, helping individuals prepare for this possibility and better integrating death with the life course. Recommendations include inclusion of accompaniment/nonaccompaniment at death as part of advance care planning and mitigation if this condition occurs. It is essential for individuals to find their own still point of acceptance within competing societal narratives of privileging the self in dying alone and the value of social connection.

Sécurité d’en bas au Burkina Faso

Depuis 2010, les groupes d’autodéfense koglweogo jouent un rôle de plus en plus important au Burkina Faso. Ils se sont donné pour tâche de protéger leurs communautés contre certaines formes de délinquance, notamment contre le vol. En s’appuyant sur des témoignages, les auteurs présentent les Koglweogo et leur perception de la notion de sécurité. Un mot-clé ici est le « bien-vivre ensemble ». Outre la précarité socio-économique et la situation sécuritaire du pays, l’analyse se réfère à des conceptualisations de « l’État-ité » dans les langues et les épistémologies locales qui théorisent l’importance de la construction d’alliances. L’analyse offre des exemples des rapports ambigus avec l’État, montre le lien entre la sécurité et l’éducation et comment les Koglweogo combinent la parole et les actions spectaculaires pour obtenir davantage de légitimité aux yeux de leurs communautés.

Covering ISIS in the British media: Exploring agenda-setting in The Guardian newspaper

Abstract Self-proclaimed ‘Islamic State’ (ISIS) hit the news headlines across the globe in the post-Arab Uprisings period. Its main aim was to replace the ‘colonialist borders’ of the Middle East created with the Sykes–Picot agreement in 1916. One of the atrocities of this terror network was against a minority in Iraq, the Yazidis. Whereas other victims of ISIS, such as Alawites, Druze, Ismailis and Turkmen, have not been covered thoroughly in the British and US media, Yazidis – in particular Yazidi women – dominated the titles. Notwithstanding, the framing of the Yazidis has been influential in the engagement of the Obama administration against ISIS’ move in the Levant; the Kurdish minority is still under threat today because of their ethnic and religious identity. This article discusses how agenda-setting effects the news media’s power to shape individual attitudes and public opinion. The Guardian’s agenda-setting is discussed in this article as a credible, ‘most liberal’ and ‘most trusted’ news brand in the United Kingdom. A content analysis of news articles regarding the plight of Yazidi population in Iraq and its continuous coverage mostly focusing on Yazidi women was conducted, with the articles published at the time when the crisis broke out. The authors of this article apply the notions of an ‘East–West’ divide and ‘Othering’ to frame ISIS’ move in Mount Sinjar, Iraq. The study emphasizes that The Guardian not only set the agenda by prioritizing the circumstances of the Yazidi population, but also deployed frameworks of ‘orientalist’ depictions of Yazidi women as slaves of ISIS.

The Effect of Job Stress and Job Exhaustion on Job Performance of Body Guards and Security Guards due to Organizational Culture

The Effect of Job Stress and Job Exhaustion on Job Performance of Body Guards and Security Guards due to Organizational Culture

Citation Trend of Byline and Dateline Articles of “The Guardian”

The objective of the paper is to examine the citation pattern of Byline and Dateline articles of “The Guardian” newspaper during 2001-2010. During the study period, there were 5480 records (newspaper articles) with 4101 citations to different scholarly publications indexed in Web of Science up to 31st December 2015.The highest citation of the Guardian newspaper was 1833 (44.70%) during the year 2010, followed by 1004 (24.48%) citations in the year 2009, and the lowest was 22 (0.54%) citations in the year 2001. The study found that there is a gradual increase in citing Byline newspaper articles from 2001 onwards in scholarly publications, except in the year 2004,whereas, there is a gradual increase in Dateline newspaper articles citations from 2001 onwards. The study also found that the citations do not depend on the readership of the newspaper and there is significant difference in citing the byline and dateline articles in the scholarly publications during 2001-2010.

‘The Magnetic Pull of the Metropolis’: The Manchester Guardian, The Provincial Press and Ideas of the North

The newspaper globally known as the Guardian began its life in Manchester as the Manchester Guardian. This paper examines the reactions of readers of the newspaper in the context of the decision to remove the word ‘Manchester’ from the its title in 1959. It uses 251 letters on the subject sent to the newspaper to assess the usefulness of Anthony Cohen’s idea of readers as a symbolic community. This approach defines community in terms of a shared symbol whose meaning may be interpreted differently by individuals. The study concludes that there were two aspects to the readers’ relationship with the newspaper – they were attached to ideas about the symbolic nature of Manchester and the north of England more generally but the meaning they ascribed to being part of a community of readers differed in a nuanced way and according to individual interpretations. The newspaper’s determination to re-brand as a national rather than a provincial paper caused its readers to try to redefine their identities as members of the symbolic community of the Manchester Guardian.

MENANAMKAN KARAKTER ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR (SD) MELALUI KARAKTER

This article describes the implant of Elementry school Students’ character through character. This strategy can be done by participation of all part of society, including headmaster, teacher, canteen keeper, librarian, school guard at school environment, family member at home and society in general where the students are. The good character will influence the academic capability of the students especially Elementary school students. So, all part of societies should be aware of their personality character because the elementary students will imitate them whenever and wherever they are. Key Words: The nature, kind, and the implant of Character,Elementary School Students