Growth Of Melon Research Articles

후코이단과 후코이단 이용 박테리아의 멜론 성장 촉진 효과 검증

후코이단과 후코이단 이용 박테리아의 멜론 성장 촉진 효과 검증

The effects of rootstock to improve melon growth and physiological responses in salt stress

The effects of rootstock to improve melon growth and physiological responses in salt stress

Effect of Plant Media Composition and POC Doses of Rabbit Urine on Growth and Yield of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Plants

Melon has a high economic value but in its cultivation, this plant requires quite an intensive handling.One effort to increase the production of melon plants is modifying planting media composition andfertilizing. This research aimed to examine the interaction between plant media composition and therabbit urine fertilizer dosage on melon growth and yield. The research was held on April 4 to August4, 2019, at The Agro Fruit Purwosari Greenhouse, Mijen, Semarang and Ecology, and CropProduction Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University,Semarang. The study used a completely randomized factorial design 3x5 with 5 replications. The firstfactor was the growing media composition of 100% husk charcoal (M1), 75% husk charcoal + 25%soil (M2), 50% husk charcoal + 50% soil (M3). The second factor was rabbit urine fertilizer dosageof 55 ml/plant (P1), 82,5 ml/plant (P2), 110 ml/plant (P3), 137,5 ml/plant (P4), 165 ml/plant (P5).Data were analyzed by variance and proceeded with the DMRT test. The observed variables wereplant height, amount of leaves, harvest age, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit sweetness level, crown,and root fresh weight, crown and root dry weight. The results of the study showed that the interactionof the growing media composition and rabbit urine fertilizer dosage was significant (P<0.05) on theparameters of plant height, amount of leaves, and fruit sweetness level. The treatment of (M2)obtained the highest result on the parameters of plant height, amount of leaves, and fruit sweetnesslevel but had not been shown on the parameters of harvest age, fruit weight, fruit diameter, crownand root fresh weight, crown, and root dry weight.

Setting of cash pruning time and giving rabbit urine to growth and results of plant melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Melon is an annual plant that has high economic value with bright prospects to be developed. The low production of melons needs to be improved on cultivation techniques. The purpose of this study was to get one of the right time to trim the shoots and giving the urine more often given will be able to give effect to the growth and yield of melon plants both the best quality and quantity as well as the increasing income of melon farmers. Factorial experiments (2 factors) with a randomized block design (RBD) were used in this study. The interaction between setting the shoot pruning time (P) and giving rabbit (U) urine to the growth and yield of melon plants on all influential variables was not significant. The highest weight obtained fruit weight per plant due to setting the shoot pruning time gave at P1 of 1555.21 g or 10.12%, it was higher compared to P3 which was 1412.34 g. Fruit weight per plant on U1 urine administration with the interval of giving once every 3 days showed the highest value of 1568.88 g or 14.67%, it was higher compared to U0 which was of 1368.17 g.

Pertumbuhan, Produksi, dan Kualitas Buah Melon dengan Pemberian Pupuk Silika

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a plant that has economic value and has been cultivated in several areas of Indonesia with intensive fertilization. The mineral nutrient that is expected to improve the quality of melon growth and fruit is silica. The aim of the research was to improve the growth and melon fruit quality by addition of silica fertilizer. The treatments in this experiment were the application of silica (Novelgro, water soluble) which was carried out on melon plants with silica concentrations of 0.67; 1.33 ppm; and control (without silica). The results showed that silica increased the plant height, leaf area, and diameter of melon fruit. Melon plant with silica treatment of 1.33 ppm had silica content in the high category (>4% Si) which was 5.31% in the skin of the fruit. Moreover, the addition of silica can prolong the fruit storage period in room temperature compared to control.

CmRAV1 shows differential expression in two melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars and enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.

The growth and development of melon (Cucumis melo L.) are severely affected by soil salinization in many areas of the world, but the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance in melon remains limited. In this study, a new RAV (related to ABI3/VP1) gene, CmRAV1, was identified in melon. Protein structure homology analysis revealed that CmRAV1 contains an AP2 domain and a B3 domain, and subcellular localization assay revealed that CmRAV1 is localized in the nucleus. The transcript level of CmRAV1 was closely correlated with NaCl treatment, and the expression pattern of CmRAV1 differed between two cultivars (salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars) under NaCl treatment. In addition, yeasts transformed with CmRAV1 showed notably improved growth on medium containing 200mM NaCl compared with wild-type ones. The overexpression of CmRAV1 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in enhanced salt tolerance at the seed germination and seedling growth stages. This study demonstrated that the expression of CmRAV1 was associated with saline stress and can potentially be utilized to improve plant salt tolerance.

Effects of cereals as agro-ecological service crops and no-till on organic melon, weeds and N dynamics.

ABSTRACTIn a two-year field experiment undertaken in Central Italy, different agro-ecological service crops (ASCs), terminated by the no-till roller crimper technology before organic melon production (Cucumis melo L.), were evaluated by assessing soil-plant N dynamics, weed management and crop performance, and by comparing with a tilled control without ASC. The ASCs (Poaceae, i.e. rye, barley, wheat, spelt and their mixture), were characterised in terms of aboveground biomass, N uptake, C : N ratio and degradation rate. During the melon growth cycle, soil mineral N (SMN), weed density and biomass were measured and the design of trial included weeded and unweeded plots. The yield and concentrations of soluble solids of the melon was measured. The ASC mulches differed in their N supply capacity and degradation rate. Rye and spelt were the best in terms of weed control, with approximately 80% lower weed density and weed biomass for either rye or spelt compared with the control. Wheat was the least effective against weeds, but it enhanced SMN. Melon yields were similar in plots with spelt and rye, weeded and unweeded treatments, but were reduced in the unweeded control (−58.5%) and barley treatment (−41.2%), compared with the respective weeded treatments. The low melon yield in the plots with rye suggested a negative allelopathic rye-melon interaction. The results highlighted that the ASCs were able to regulate, to different extents, the agro-ecosystem interactions.

Drought tolerance assessment of melon germplasm searching for adaptation to climate change

Shortage of irrigation water at critical melon growth stages can be the most important limiting factor in the future due to climate change, especially in the Mediterranean region. Apart from the improvement of irrigation systems and crop management, the development of drought tolerant cultivars by genetic breeding is the best solution to achieve stable yields. Screening germplasm collections is a prerequisite for that. A melon core collection was evaluated in the current work in two assays. Seven morphological traits were assessed at plantlet stage and compared under drought and standard conditions imposed. Significant differences for all traits were recorded among the sixty accessions evaluated. Clustering analysis also grouped the accessions according to their response to drought, detecting some landraces and wild types of interest, mainly of Indian and African origin, although the best behavior under drought was found in a flexuosus melon from Irak. Some Spanish inodorus landraces also showed better response than the average behavior of commercial types. The employment of this set of traits has allowed screening a large germplasm collection in an easy and non-expensive way, in one of the most sensitive developmental stages. Key words: Cucumis melo germplasm, morphological seedling traits, abiotic stress, response to drought, variability

Effects of relative humidity and growing medium moisture on growth and fruit quality of melon (Cucumis melo L.)

As moisture or water is a factor limiting the quality of melon fruit, we investigated the effect of relative humidity and growing medium moisture on growth and fruit quality of melon. The experiment was conducted in the nylon net greenhouse of the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok from March to June 2017. It was laid out in 2×3 factorial in completely randomized design with 10 replications. Factor A was 2 levels of relative humidity (RH) (normal condition and misted). Factor B was 3 levels of field capacity (FC) of the growing medium (100, 130 or 160%). Moisture content of the growing medium was maintained throughout the experiment using a wet sensor. Melons were grown in plastic bags filled with a mixture of coconut coir, rice hull and sand in the ratio of 2:1:1 by volume. Mist treatment had a significant positive influence on plant growth and fruit quality of melon. Plant height, leaf greenness and leaf area of melons grown under mist were (107.41 cm, 30.66 SPAD unit and 112.02 cm2). They were significantly less than those under normal condition (112.54 cm, 40.78 SPAD unit and 119.70 cm2). Fruit weight and total soluble solids of fruit grown under mist (655.02 g and 11.61 °Brix) were significantly less than those from normal condition (709.11 g and 12.61 °Brix). Moisture content of the growing medium did not affect growth and fruit quality of melons. However, there was an interaction between relative humidity and moisture content of growing medium on leaf area. The mist treatment with 130-160% FC moisture of growing medium led to leaf area reduction. Therefore, the optimum conditions for melon production should be normal condition with 100% FC moisture maintained in growing medium.

Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Kompos Jerami dan Jenis Mulsa Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kompos jerami padi dan jenis mulsa pada pertumbuhan dan hasil melon. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Blitar pada bulan Agustus hingga November 2016. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan3 ulangan. Faktor pertama dosis kompos jerami terdiri dari tiga aras, k0: Tanpa kompos jerami, k1: kompos jerami 10 ton/ha; k2: kompos jerami 20 ton / ha. Faktor II: jenis mulsa, terdiri dari tiga aras, m0: Tanpa mulsa; m1: Mulsa jerami; m2: mulsa plastik hitam silver. Pengamatan meliputi: panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (daun), bobot segar dan bobot kering brangkasan (g), bobot buah (kg), diameter buah (cm) dan tebal buah (mm). Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dilanjut dengan uji Duncan kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi nyata perlakuan kompos jerami padi (k) dan jenis mulsa (m) terhadap bobot kering tanaman dan bobot segar tanaman. Hasil tertinggi adalah kombinasi perlakuan kompos jerami 20 ton/ha dan mulsa plastik hitam perak (k2m2) dan mampu meningkatkan bobot kering tanaman hingga 26,87% dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa kompos jerami dan tanpa mulsa/kontrol. Dosis kompos jerami padi 20 ton/ha dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan hasil melon lebih baik daripada perlakuan tanpa kompos jerami. Peningkatan hasil berat melon akibat kompos jerami padi adalah 21,59%. Mulsa plastik hitam dan perak dapat meningkatkan hasil melon 15,56% lebih tinggi daripada tanpa mulsa dan meningkat 6,077% lebih tinggi dari mulsa jerami padi.

In silico and Expression Profile Analyses of the ERF Subfamily in Melon

Ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) are a subfamily of the AP2/ERF superfamily and a group of plant-specific transcription factors involved in many plant growth and development regulatory processes. However, few information about the function of ERFs in melon. To identify ERFs that may play a role in the growth and development of melon, using bioinformatics, we investigated their physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, signal peptides, promoter elements, and chromosomal location. Eighty-three promoter elements were predicted at 1500 bp upstream of their related genes. The chromosomal results suggested 64 ERFs are distributed among 12 chromosomes. On the basis of a multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic analysis was conducted for all the ERF proteins in melon, arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and tomato. Nine distinct groups were identified, and melon ERFs occurred within eight clades. Furthermore, the expression profiles of the genes in different tissues were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that 63, 57, and 54 ERF genes were expressed in distinct vegetative organs, fruits at different days after pollination (DAP), and fruits during the respiratory climacteric, respectively. Among those genes, CmERFIII-1 which was a valuable gene for studying its function in melon exhibited the highest expression in different tissues. Another very interesting gene was CmERFIV-2, which was the only gene whose expression was the highest in root in all highly expressed genes. Furthermore, four genes from the fourth subset (CmERFIV-2, IV-3, IV-4 and IV-5) were highly expressed in fruits at different developmental stages. Together, these results will aid future functional analysis of these genes.

Effects of irrigation frequency of organic nutrient solution and irrigation amount on yield, quality, fertilizer and water use efficiency of melon in facility

To investigate the organic cultivation mode for high-yield and high-quality melon, we measured the growth of melon that grown in pots with different conditions of organic nutrient solution and irrigation. There were three irrigation frequencies of organic nutrient solution (8-time application, each time 750 mL per plant, F1; 12-time application, each time 500 mL per plant, F2; 16-time application, each time 375 mL per plant, F3) and two different irrigation amount per single plant (irrigating by 120% daily evapotranspiration (ET) before fruit enlargement, by 140%ET after fruit enlargement, W1; irrigating by 140%ET before fruit enlargement, by 160%ET after fruit enlargement, W2), following a randomized block trial design. The effects of those treatments on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, quality, fertilizer and water use efficiency of melon were investigated. The results showed that photosynthetic rate of melon leaves was significantly increased by more frequent and less amount of organic nutrient solution application. Fruit yield and water use efficiency were significantly improved under low irrigation condition. Fertilizer utilization was optimal under the treatments of high irrigation and medium organic nutrient solution frequency. Fruit quality was improved under less organic nutrient solution and relatively suitable water supply. A mathematical model of exponential function y=0.214e0.18x (R2=0.851) could be used to quantify the relationship between the vitamin C content of melon fruit and frequency of organic nutrient solution application. Considering the variables, such as yield, quality and water use efficiency, F3W1 treatment was recommended with the aim to improve fruit quality and optimal water use efficiency under promising yield, which could achieve high-yield and high-quality cultivation of organic melon in facilities.

Melon growth-promoting rhizobacteria under saline stress

The aim of this study was to evaluate melon growth promotion by fluorescent rhizobacteria of Pseudomonas spp. under saline stress. Soil samples were collected in agricultural properties of Juazeiro/BA, Petrolina/PE and Curaca/BA in the Submedium Region of the Sao Francisco Valley to conduct sampling of bacterial isolates. The obtained isolates were analyzed regarding cultural characteristics and tolerance to salinity in the following NaCl concentrations: 0; 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 mM. Among the isolated bacteria, 20 were identified and used to evaluate growth promotion on melons in a protected environment. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized 21 x 4 factorial design, with 20 bacterial isolates, one control without inoculation and four salinity levels (0.2, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 dS m-1), and it was replicated seven times. A total of 147 bacterial isolates were obtained from soil samples with electric conductivity ranging from 0.8 to 60.4 dS m-1. Cell growth was inhibited starting at 750 mM of “in vitro” saline concentration, with tolerance observed up to 1500 mM. Pseudomonas spp. isolates were capable of promoting melon growth under non-saline conditions and of mitigating the harmful effects of excessive concentrations of soluble salts in the growth substrate.

Modification of Growing Medium for Container Melon (Cucumismelo L.) Production Using Goat Manure and Dolomite

The growth of melon plant requires soil rich in organic matter, well drainage, and soil pH 6.0 - 7.0. The adverse conditions are found on mostly red-yellow podsolic of Ultisol. The objective of this research was to evaluate the application of goat manure and dolomite on growth and yield of melon. The research was held from June until September 2015 in Kandang Limun, Bengkulu City. Completely Randomized Design was arranged involving goat manure doses consisted of 0 kg polybag-1, 3 kg polybag-1, and 6 kg polybag-1. Another factor was that the dose of dolomite consisted of 0 g polybag-1 (0 tons ha-1), 100 g polybag-1 (2 tons ha-1) and 200 g polybag-1 (4 tons ha-1). Treatments were replicated three times; each experimental unit consisted of 4 polybags of plants. The result of this research revealed no interaction between goat manure and dolomite in affecting the vegetative growth of plants. The interaction between goat manure and dolomite was found affecting fruit weight, fruit diameter and the thickness of the edible fruit part. The highest values for fruit weight, fruit diameter, and edible fruit thickness were achieved on 3 kg polybag-1 goat manure and 200 g polybag-1 dolomite treatment, which were 725.25 g, 17.14 cm, and 2.99 cm respectively. Goat manure dose of 6 kg polybag-1 increased stem diameter (5.5 mm) and fruit sweetness (8.09 0Brix) compared to treatment without manure which was 5.43 mm and 7.31 0Brix.

Interactive effect of FYM and mulching on productivity and water use efficiency of squash melon (Citrullus vulgaris var. fistulosus) grown with supplemental irrigation in hot arid region of Rajasthan

Squash melon (Citrullus vulgaris var. fistulosus Steward) is a rainfed crop in arid region but in these areas, the rainy days are very less. Due to this reason, the farmers could not get desired yield. Hence supplemental irrigation with water conservation practices is required for getting the economic return from this crop. Hence an experiment was conducted at ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Bikaner, Rajasthan to study the effect of three mulching treatments (No mulching, straw mulching (2.5 tonnes/ha) using local shrub Leptadenia pyrotechnica and black polyethylene plastic mulching of 25 micron thickness) and four FYM doses (0, 20, 30 and 40 tonnes/ha) on growth, yield, WUE and economics of Squash melon grown with supplemental irrigation during kharif seasons of 2012 and 2013. Vine length, numbers of fruits per plant and yield of squash melon were significantly influenced by FYM, mulching and their interaction during both the years of experiment. Application of FYM caused significant improvement in squash melon yield up to 30 tonnes/ha. Averaged across mulching treatments, application of FYM @ 20, 30 and 40 tonnes/ha resulted 47.8, 79.5 and 88.4% higher yields compared to control. Application of mulch brought significant improvement in yield and yield components and the response of mulch varied with the level of FYM application. Plastic and straw mulching resulted 26.6 and 48.6% higher yield over no-mulch treatment. Straw mulch recorded the longest vine length, the highest numbers of fruits per plant and yield. The highest yield was recorded with application of 30 tonnes FYM /ha combined with straw mulch.

Seed priming improves the germination and growth rate of melon seedlings under saline stress

ABSTRACT: The germination and growth of melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants can be severely affected by excess salts in the soil or irrigation water; however, negative effects of salt stress can be attenuated using appropriate methods of seed priming. Thus, effects of osmopriming as inducer of salt stress tolerance in melon seeds exposed to salinity levels were investigated in this study. Seeds were soaked for 22 h at 25 °C in the dark in distilled water (hydropriming) or 0.5% KNO3 solution (osmopriming), and after drying, were distributed in plastic boxes with blotter paper containing different NaCl solutions prepared with osmotic pressure of 0.0 MPa (control), -0.3 MPa (mild stress), and -0.6 MPa (severe stress). Unprimed dry seeds were taken as control. The plastic boxes were kept into a seed germinator, at 25 °C for 14 days. A completely randomized design in a 3 × 3 factorial schemes with four replicates of 25 seeds was used. Results showed that the seed priming with water and KNO3 may be successfully applied on melon seeds to alleviate the adverse effects of saline stress in initial stages of plant growth. However, under severe salt stress conditions, hydropriming should be used because it results in higher germination and initial growth rate of the seedlings when compared to the osmopriming. Use of unprimed seeds should not be adopted in cultivation areas affected by salinity because they result in low germination rate and reduced initial plant growth.

Impact of mulching on growth and yield of water melon (Citrullus lanatus thunb.) cv. Madhuri

Impact of mulching on growth and yield of water melon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i> thunb.) cv. Madhuri

Lithothamnion calcareum Nanoparticles Increase Growth of Melon Plants

The application of alternative fertilizers to the soil in a sustainable way in order to supply nutrients to plants is important for growers and for the environment. Calcareous algae, Lithothamnion calcareum (Lit), is considered an alternative fertilizer because it is rich in nutrients, particularly magnesium and calcium, that are essential for plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different formulations, doses and fertilization intervals of L. calcareum on growth of melon plants. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of various formulations and doses of Lit on the growth of melon plants. The second experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of formulations and fertilization intervals of Lit. Formulations and doses of Lit had a significant effect on the efficiency in the development of melon plants. No impact was observed when using a concentrated suspension of Lit. However, four applications of Lit nanoparticle formulations every 7 days increased the growth of melon plants at doses close to 1 kg ha-1. We provide the first data related to beneficial effects on melon growth of L. calcareum, in different formulations, application intervals and doses, applied to red-yellow soil.

The analysis of endogenous auxin of shallot and its effect on the germination and the growth of organically cultivated melon (Cucumis Melo)

Nowadays, the demand for organic melon increases along with the enhancement of people awareness of the role of organic products in human health. However, there is limited source of organic hormone to support organic cultivation. Therefore, this experiment aimed to identify endogenous hormone of shallot and to investigate the effect of the hormone on germination and the growth of melon (Cucumismelo). The results showed that 45 days and 80 days after harvest the shallot contained 3 types endogenous auxin hormones (Indole-3-Acetic Acid, 2.4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and a-Naphthalene Acitic Acid) and Cytokines (6- Benzyl Amino Purine). Overall, 45 days after harvest the shallot contained more hormones than it did 80 days after harvest (DAH). It contained 0.73-0.75 ppm Indole-3-acetic acid. Additionally, 0.85 ppm 6-Benzyl Amino Purine was detected in the shallot 45 DAH or 121% more than that found in the shallot 80 DAH. However, 2.4-Dicholophenoxy acetic acid and a-Naphthalene acitic acid were found only in the shallot 45 DAH. Extract of the shallot 45 DAH was applied on melon seeds by soaking them for 24 hours with different extraction methods (juicer and blender) and at several concentrations (75%, 50%, 25% and 12.5%). The shallot extract resulting from the juicer was effective to increase the germination rate, the fresh weight and the dry weight of melon plant. Meanwhile, there was not any significant difference among the different concentrations. It might be related to low concentration of the shallot extract. This experiment showed that the shallot extract was potential as organic hormone source.

Growth of melon cultivated in coconut fiber under different concentrations of nutrient solution

To evaluate the effects of applying different concentrations of the nutrient solution macronutrients in growth of melon cultivated in coconut fiber it was conducted this experiment uses the ‘Galia’ melon (Cucumis melo L., hybrid Babilonia RZ F1). The experimental design was a randomized blocks utilizing five treatments, which corresponded to different concentrations of macronutrients in nutritive solutions (corresponding to different levels of nutrient solution macronutrients) based on the standard solution for the melon proposed by Furlani: 100 (control), 75, 50, 25, and 12.5%, applied in five replications. The concentration of 50% provided higher production of dry matter of the aerial part and leaf area. The absolute aerial part growth rate showed different tendencies for levels being that concentration of 50% produced the best results. The relative growth rate of the aerial part and assimilation rate of the aerial part decrease with time for all concentrations of the nutrient solutions tested.