Consumption Growth Research Articles

Analysis of the Effect of Sharia Financing, Non-Profit Finance (NPF) and Human Development Index (HDI) Through Investment and Consumption on Economic Growth in Indonesia

This study is motivated by the phenomenon of the development of economic growth in Indonesia over the past fifteen years experienced fluctuations and the development of Islamic financing that helps the community in increasing its economic activities in consumption and production, as well as people's choices in choosing Islamic financing due to increased public awareness in Sharia transactions, as well as the encouragement of Sharia trends in Indonesia that increase investment and consumption in Indonesia. For this reason, academically, the researchers tried to parse it by analyzing the influence of Sharia financing, NPF and HDI through investment and consumption on economic growth in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative type of research, with data sources in the form of secondary data in the form of time series data, namely 15 years in Indonesia in the period 2009-2023. in this study the approach to processing using Path Analysis model as multiple data regression model with the help of SPSS Software. The results of this study indicate that Islamic finance, NPF and HDI have a positive and significant effect on investment and only Islamic finance is significant for consumption and economic growth. While NPF and HDI have a positive and insignificant effect on consumption and economic growth. However, Sharia financing, NPF and HDI through investment and consumption have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. Keywords: Economic Growth, Islamic Financing, NPF, HDI, Investment, Consumption

Sustainable development goals and environmental performance: Exploring the contribution of governance, energy, and growth

This study investigates the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, governance quality, and economic growth on environmental sustainability across frontier, emerging, and developed economies from 2001 to 2021. The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are environmental sustainability measures. The study addresses potential endogeneity issues through advanced econometric techniques and explores the differential impacts of energy sources, governance structures, and economic factors on environmental performance. The findings reveal significant variations in how these factors influence environmental sustainability across frontier, emerging, and developed economies. The results demonstrate a positive relationship between renewable energy consumption and governance quality with environmental sustainability, while non-renewable energy consumption exhibits a negative association. Economic growth emerges as a crucial factor influencing both environmental performance and the advancement of SDGs. This research contributes to the expanding literature on environmental sustainability by presenting a comprehensive analysis of its determinants across different economic contexts. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, underscoring the importance of tailored approaches to energy policy, governance reforms, and economic development strategies in the pursuit of environmental sustainability goals.

Population ageing and health financing: A method for forecasting two sides of the same coin

Abstract There is a perception that population ageing will have deleterious effects on future health financing sustainability. Given the positive association between health care utilization and increasing calendar age, many analysts assume population ageing will result in considerable growth in health spending. Since this expenditure tends to be sourced primarily from public funds, there is great policy interest to quantify how population ageing is likely to affect health expenditure trends. We propose a new method-the Population Ageing financial Sustainability gap for Health systems (or alternatively, the PASH)-to explore how changes in the population age mix will affect health expenditures and revenues. Using a set of six countries in Europe and the Western Pacific representing a diverse range of health financing systems (Australia, Bulgaria, Japan, Slovenia, United Kingdom, Vietnam), we forecast the size of the ageing-attributable gap between health revenues and expenditures from 2020 to 2100 under current health financing arrangements. The largest gap by 2100 is expected to be in Vietnam, where the gap between revenues and expenditure is expected to increase by around $170 per person in 2018 PPPs or 2.3% of GDP; 87.1% of this increase is due to expected growth in expenditures. In Slovenia, where the gap is forecast in line with the forecast for Japan (the oldest country in the world), nearly half of the gap (44.2%) is due to reductions in revenue generation. All countries face some health financing gap due to ageing under current financing arrangements. The PASH analysis highlights the wide range of policy options available to manage health financing as the population ages, such as changing sources for health revenues and reducing expenditure by promoting healthy ageing.

Assessing the Likelihood of Buying Thai Local Snacks.

The snack market in Thailand is growing fast, and yet it faces challenges from the growth in health-conscious consumption. Under these circumstances, it can be quite complicated for people involved in the snack-value chain to respond adequately to more sophisticated demands for snacks. Therefore, this study investigates Thai consumers' behavior with regard to snacks and its determinants. For the data used in this study, we surveyed 1077 respondents using a questionnaire. Based on a five-point scale, the questions covered respondents' snack consumption behavior and revealed their preference for additional payment regarding three aspects of snacks: safety and standards, quality, and carcinogen-free snacks. According to an ordered logistic regression, the results show that people's awareness of food safety and nutrition, and their health consciousness, increase their willingness to pay extra for better-quality snacks. Advertisements and people's recognition of input sources could also play an essential role in influencing consumers' preferences. These findings should provide insights for policymakers and producers to catch up with the new demand trend in the Thai snack market.

The Role of Government Health Expenditure in Driving Economic Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries

This study examines the influence of government health expenditure and life expectancy on economic growth. The study makes use of panel data analysis and utilizes data from the OECD nations between 2000 and 2021. The study applies panel data analysis using POLS, FEM and REM models and dynamic GMM models. The study also gauges the moderating role of life expectancy on the relationship between government health expenditure and economic growth. The results indicate that government expenditure on health hurts economic growth. A detrimental relationship between life expectancy and economic growth indicates that higher life expectancy could result in elevated healthcare and financial expenses. Nevertheless, the interactive regression model suggests that there is no significant moderation of the association between government expenditure on health and economic growth by life expectancy, implying that the influence of government health expenditure on economic growth is generally unaffected by demographic changes. These findings emphasize the significance of differentiating between the short-term and long-term economic consequences of healthcare expenditure. This study offers insights into the optimization of public spending in OECD nations to promote sustainable economic growth and enhance public health outcomes.

Assessing the Damage to Environmental Pollution: Discerning the Impact of Environmental Technology, Energy Efficiency, Green Energy and Natural Resources

The existing literature covers the topic of environmental pollution, but there is a scarcity of research that specifically examines the factors contributing to financial losses caused by carbon emissions. In this perspective, this ongoing analysis provides an understanding of the impact of environmental technology, energy efficiency, renewable energy consumption, natural resources, and economic growth on carbon dioxide damage in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries from 2000 to 2021 using the “Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR)”, and “Dumitrescu–Hurlin (D-H)” causality test. The findings from the MMQR revealed that environmental control technology, renewable energy consumption, and energy efficiency contribute to reducing carbon dioxide damage at different quantiles. It was also found that economic growth and natural resources contribute to the increase in carbon dioxide damage in various quantities. Additionally, a one-way causality result was obtained from environmental technology, energy efficiency, renewable energy consumption, natural resources, and economic growth towards carbon dioxide damage. These results indicate that policymakers in OECD nations should provide suggestions on the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources and environmentally friendly technologies to minimize carbon dioxide damage.

New emerging market economies and the roles of energy use, financial development and socioeconomic aspects

AbstractIn recent years, emerging market economies have consistently achieved growth rates above the world average. In this study, the nexus among economic growth, energy consumption, industrialization, financial development, trade openness, and urbanization were tested over the period 1995–2019 for selected emerging countries (Colombia, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, Mexico and Poland). The main findings of this study are as follows: The results showed that energy consumption, industrialization, and financial development positively affected economic growth for the entire panel. While trade openness negatively affected economic growth, urbanization was statistically insignificant. The Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test results indicate bidirectional causality between energy consumption and economic growth. Economic growth and energy consumption are the causes of industrialization. Thus, it can be concluded that a low-cost energy supply will help maintain economic performance with incentive policies such as tax deductions and credits provided for producers in the examined countries.

Coal price, economic growth and electricity consumption in China under the background of energy transition

With the increasing share of renewable energy generation in China's electricity consumption and the dramatic fluctuation of coal prices in recent years, the discussion of the relationship between coal prices, economic growth and electricity consumption in China becomes more relevant. This paper collects monthly data from 2016 to 2023, uses industrial value added to represent economic growth, and explore the relationship between the three through a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model, which shows that: (1) The mutual impact effects among coal prices, economic growth, and electricity consumption vary across short-, medium- and long-term. This finding underscores the importance of considering different time horizons when evaluating the interactive effects of these variables. (2) Compared to 2017 and 2022, the lagged impact effects among the three have undergone certain changes, indicating that the understanding of their relationships should be contextualized within specific developmental phases. (3) The relationship between coal prices, economic growth, and different categories of electricity consumption exhibits heterogeneous characteristics, suggesting that recognition of these relationships should be based on specific types of power generation. This research enhances the understanding of the dynamic relationship between coal prices and the macroeconomy in China at the current stage.

All ears on? A survey on podcasters’ profiles, practices and self-perceptions

Despite the continuous growth in podcast consumption among listeners and podcast offerings on various streaming platforms, there remains a lack of research concerning podcasters. This paper presents an exploratory analysis of the profiles, practices, role perceptions, and values of podcasters based on the results of an online survey among 1 073 podcasters from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. The findings reveal that podcasters are predominantly male, middle-aged, and academically educated. Regarding their professional practices and profiles, the majority of podcasters lack prior experience in the field of journalism despite often taking on journalistic functions. Concerning their perception of their roles and values, podcasters place significant emphasis on the relevance of entertainment, education, and information dissemination. Overall, they demonstrate a strong orientation towards the needs of their audiences. As podcasts continue to gain popularity among audiences, studying podcast producers helps to better understand their content creation processes, prioritized topics, and approaches to engaging with their audiences.

The Nexus between Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Nepal

The Nexus between Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Nepal

Future Consumption Scenarios of Power Sector in Bangladesh

Future electricity demand is an essential prerequisite for planning the expansion of a power system. The purpose of this paper is to provide a forecast of electricity consumption in Bangladesh. Forecast is done here total as well as sector-wise consumption up to 2040 considering the base year 2009. The time series analysis to find the trend line by the method of Least Squares (LS) is applied in this study. We accumulated data from the annual reports of the Bangladesh Power Development Board for the years 2009 to 2023 and used that for forecasting purposes. For the convenient and policy purposes, the forecast is presented for every five years interval. The findings have significant implications with respect to energy conservation and economic development. As the study differentiated sector-wise projected growth of electricity consumption in Bangladesh, it has implications for the planners related to electricity distribution system. The findings can create awareness among the planners of power system expansion in Bangladesh to meet the continuous future development demand.

Decomposition and decoupling: A case study of Colombia's energy consumption and economic growth

Nowadays, nobody can deny the relationship between economic growth and sustainability; however, the tendency to un-match a linear relationship between those two has acquired the name of “decoupling” economy, which means that the consumption of energy not necessarily has to rise at the same rate of gross domestic product, in order to reduce carbon emissions in a country or certain area. Then this document aims to study the Colombian decoupling, analyzing the economic structure and energy consumption between 1975 and 2021, applying the TAPIO model and the logarithmic mean Divisa index (LMDI) using the KAYA identity as a conversion factor (TAPIO + KAYA + LMDI) to analyze the trends per economical sector. Finding that, the Colombian economy has a predominant status of weak decoupling with randomly switches to strong decoupling, positioning it as a sustainable economy; although this condition is environmentally favorable, under a comprehensive public policy, energy consumption by economic sector can be increased to improve economic productivity and achieve better production levels on the sectors of agriculture, mines, and commerce whose energy consumption according to the data is substantially low.

Why aquaculture may not conserve wild fish.

We review literature on the displacement paradox and the Jevons paradox, with consideration of their implications for the potential effects of aquaculture on wild fisheries. The Jevons paradox refers to circumstances where improvements in the efficiency of resource use lead to growth in consumption and therefore undermine conservation. The displacement paradox refers to circumstances where increasing use of a potential substitute for a resource (e.g., farmed fish) does not lead to proportionate reduction in consumption of the other resource (e.g., wild fish). The literature on the displacement paradox and the Jevons paradox suggests that there may be unanticipated consequences from the rise of aquaculture that may be detrimental for fisheries conservation. Here, we present theoretical explanations, drawing on the tragedy of the commodity, for understanding the tendencies for these technological paradoxes to occur and emphasize their relevance for concerns associated with fisheries and aquaculture systems.

Estimation of Regional Electricity Consumption Using National Polar-Orbiting Partnership’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Night-Time Light Data with Gradient Boosting Regression Trees

With the rapid development of society and economy, the growth of electricity consumption has become one of the important indicators to measure the level of regional economic development. This paper utilizes NPP-VIIRS nighttime light remote sensing data to model electricity consumption in parts of southern China. Four predictive models were initially selected for evaluation: LR, SVR, MLP, and GBRT. The accuracy of each model was assessed by comparing real power consumption with simulated values. Based on this evaluation, the GBRT model was identified as the most effective and was selected to establish a comprehensive model of electricity consumption. Using the GBRT model, this paper analyzes electricity consumption in the study area across different spatial scales from 2013 to 2022, demonstrating the distribution characteristics of electricity consumption from the pixel level to the city scale and revealing the close relationship between electricity consumption and regional economic development. Additionally, this paper examines trends in electricity consumption across various temporal scales, providing a scientific basis for the optimal allocation of energy and the effective distribution of power resources in the study area. This analysis is of great significance for promoting balanced economic development between regions and enhancing energy efficiency.

Poverty Inflation, FDI Consumption, and Economic Growth in Indonesia in the Vector Autoregressive Model Analysis

The difference in the results from previous studies on the impact of inflation on poverty, coupled with an increase in the money supply from direct investment, inspired this research. This study aimed to ascertain how poverty, inflation, and foreign investment affect consumption spending in Indonesia based on 1997-2021 time series data. This study used Vector Autoregression estimation, utilizing data sources from the World Bank. The data will be processed with econometric models. From the study’s findings, it may be inferred that overall consumption affects inflation, which can be seen from the Granger causality test that shows that this variable has a one-way causal relationship. The results of the same test also show that FDI has an effect on total consumption and conversely consumption has an effect on FDI. However, the poverty variable does not affect total consumption and vice versa, because according to the causality test, the variable obtains an insignificant probability value. However, the VECM results explain that poverty has an effect on total consumption, and that the effect of consumption on inflation is due to the larger t-statistic value and has a positive relationship. This implies that the rate of inflation will increase the lower the level of consumption. However, the Impulse Reason test shows that poverty has a negative trend, as does the FDI variable. Keywords: poverty, inflation, FDI, consumption, economic growth, Indonesia

Progress and Potential Drawbacks of Modern Agricultural Technologies: A Literature Review

The production of agriculture has undergone new modifications as a result of agricultural technologies. These not only boost agricultural output but may also significantly raise the caliber of produced food, cut labor expenses, boost farmers' incomes, and achieve agricultural modernization. The use of precision agriculture (PA) is expanding due to the rapid socioeconomic changes that are occurring in certain developing nations. There are enormous ramifications for urbanization, energy consumption, and economic growth in certain developing nations when fundamental changes occur. The research status and current agricultural technology achievements are carefully summarized in this study. In-depth discussions of thirteen significant agricultural technologies are provided in this article. All significant technologies from developed countries are discussed so that under-developed and lower-developed countries will benefit from this paper. Finally, some fresh concepts for each technology are offered, and potential issues in establishing such sophisticated technologies are identified. The main objective of this review is to increase knowledge of modern agriculture and the development process in the agricultural field.

Analisis Kinerja Anggaran Belanja Pada PTN BLU X Tahun Anggaran 2021-2023

In managing the budget, it is crucial to conduct budget performance measurement or analysis, which involves assessing and measuring the implementation or realization of the budget. This study presents an original analysis of PTN X, a State University with BLU (Public Service Agency) status under the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. The BLU status provides flexibility in budget management. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the budget performance of PTN X as a basis for evaluation to improve quality. In this study, the authors use a descriptive quantitative method, with the research object being the budget performance of PTN X from 2021 to 2023. The data analysis techniques employed include several expenditure analysis calculations, namely 1) Variance Analysis, 2) Growth Analysis, 3) Compatibility Analysis, and 4) Efficiency Analysis. The Financial Expenditure Performance of PTN X, as seen from the Variance Analysis, falls into the good category or Favourable Variance. From the Growth Analysis perspective, there was no expenditure growth observed in 2022; however, there was expenditure growth in 2023. The Compatibility Analysis revealed an imbalance between operational and capital expenditures in 2021. In contrast, in 2022 and 2023, the balance between operational and capital expenditures can be considered stable. From the Expenditure Efficiency Analysis, it was found that the budget management of PTN X was inefficient during the years 2021-2023.

The Current State of the Russian Budget System and the Potential for Financing the Federal Budget Deficit

For the first time, Russia’s budget system is under large-scale stress in all areas: risks of losing the tax base due to international sanctions, a steady increase in unforeseen expenses, inflation risks, and rising debt servicing costs. In this regard, it is necessary to identify and analyze potential sources of financing the federal budget deficit as the main guarantor of budget stability. The article examines the state of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation and the budgets of state extra-budgetary funds based on the results of the first half of 2024. It is shown that oil and gas revenues remain the main source of revenue growth. Among non-oil and gas revenues, personal income tax and VAT from domestic sales are growing at an accelerated rate. At the same time, the positive dynamics of some sectors of the Russian economy is largely due to budget financing. At the same time, inflation remains above target values, which forces the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to tighten monetary policy. The excess growth of federal budget expenditures and the increase in nominal rates threaten financial stability. In this regard, the article assesses the potential for financing the federal budget deficit in the context of strict borrowing restrictions. Based on the analysis of the state of the domestic federal loan bond market, a conclusion is made about the high risk of a liquidity crisis and the potential for placing domestic debt at the expense of non-bank financial institutions and individuals.

The First Half of 2024 Results for the Consolidated Budgets of the Subjects of the Russian Federation

In the first half of 2024, the dynamics of the total amount of regional budgets revenues slightly lagged behind the inflation rate. At the same time, the growth of own revenues of the consolidated budgets of the Russian Federation regions was largely determined by the dynamics of industrial production in most regions and the growth of average accrued wages. The dynamics of corporate income tax and personal income tax receipts have different directions – the receipts of the first decreased, and the second grew significantly. If, in total, for all subjects of the Russian Federation, the increase of personal income tax revenue offset the drop of corporate income tax, then for some regions the situation was different. At the same time, corporate income tax revenues of the federal budget were growing, mainly due to tax calculated on income from securities (dividends, interest). The previously formed tendency of the intergovernmental grants from the federal budget reduction continued. The share of targetеd grants in the structure of transfers has increased. The growth of expenditures of the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation practically follows the dynamics of revenue – slightly lags behind the rate of inflation. If there is a reduction in the volume of state sub-federal debt of all subjects of the Russian Federation, then in 21 regions the volume of debt has increased. The growth of the sub-federal debt occurred both due to an increase in the volume of budget loans and at the expense of expensive bank loans.

중위투표자 관점에서의 공공사회복지 지출 분석

This paper analyzes the growth of public social expenditures in Korea from a public choice perspective. Specifically, based on the median voter theory, we conduct an empirical analysis of social insurance expenditures such as national pension, national health insurance, and public social expenditures using time series data from 1993 to 2022. The empirical results support that changes in the budget constraint for lifetime utility maximization of the median voter, including financial assets, remaining life expectancy, and remaining working year, are associated with an increase in public social expenditure. In addition, macroeconomic variables such as the real interest rate, real economic growth, and the tax base per recipient are also found to affect public social expenditure. This paper suggests that as the age of the median voter increases, public social expenditures, including national pensions and national health insurance, are bound to increase both naturally and politically.