Consumption Growth Research Articles

Contemporary Dance As A Communication Media Between Generations Case Study: Empowering Family Welfare In Dadap Village, South Tangerang City

Contemporary dance is a dance art that is popular with not only Generation Z but also the millennial generation, which is currently the age of parents who already have teenage children. The increasing problems in children and adolescents that occur today are often caused by a lack of good internal communication through interpersonal communication between parents and their children. As the growth of digital media consumption, especially social media, occurs in Indonesia, it also affects the lack of communication within the family or even between neighbors, making it difficult to communicate and coordinate with each other. Through this research, it is hoped that it can help mothers and young women to be able to make dance a medium of communication between generations to be able to create harmonious and useful collaborative activities in fostering communication not only for the smallest social environment, namely the family but also for the community of Dadap village residents to create harmonious relationships between residents, especially between generations.

Who Are the Hand-to-Mouth?

Abstract Many households hold little wealth. In standard precautionary savings models, these households should not only display higher marginal propensities to consume (MPCs) but also higher future consumption growth. In contrast, we see from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics that such “hand-to-mouth” households do not display higher growth in spending. They also exhibit greater volatility of spending and adjust their spending to a greater extent through the number of categories consumed. Consistent with a role for preference heterogeneity, the panel data show that it is persistent differences across households, not current assets, that predict low consumption growth and other spending differences for the hand-to-mouth households. To identify the extent of preference heterogeneity, we consider the model of Kaplan and Violante with both liquid and illiquid assets, but allow heterogeneity in preferences. To match the data, many poor hand-to-mouth must be relatively impatient and have a high inter-temporal elasticity of substitution. The model shows that preferences predominantly explain the higher MPCs for low-asset households. Preference heterogeneity notably increases the spending impact of fiscal transfers, but only if targeted, while reducing that from interest rate cuts.

The Military Expenditure – Economic Growth Nexus Revisited: Evidence from the United Kingdom

Abstract The relationship between government defence expenditure and economic growth is a debated topic. This study uses UK data for the period of 1960–2012 and applies two of the most prevailing theories used within the literature, the ‘Feder-Ram’ and the ‘augmented Solow’ models, to assess this question. We utilise traditional model specifications, alongside extensively altered versions of both models, enabling a comprehensive comparison between them. The alterations to the models include re-evaluating how core variables are expressed, inclusion of measures of conflict, the impact of recession, etc. The results show that the augmented Solow model outperforms the Feder-Ram model, and we provide some explanations for this result. In addition, our results suggest that military expenditure has a positive effect on economic growth within the UK, implying that the decision to reduce defence spending may have been detrimental to the UK economy.

Testing the asymmetric impacts of income inequality, financial development and human development on ecological footprint in Türkiye: A NARDL approach

This study aims to explore the asymmetric effects of income inequality, financial development, and human development on the ecological footprint in Türkiye between 1990 and 2021, as well as the symmetric impacts of energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness, and urbanization. The Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag method is employed to examine the short- and long-term relationships among the variables. This study distinguishes itself from previous research by examining the asymmetric effects of income inequality, human development, and financial development on the environment in Türkiye, where significant economic and social transformations have occurred in the past few decades and have had severe impacts on the environment. The study's key findings demonstrate that shocks in income inequality, financial development, and human development have significant impacts on the ecological footprint. Our findings indicate the importance of using disaggregated data in the analyses. The results related to control variables indicate that energy consumption and economic growth exacerbate ecological pressure, while urbanization mitigates it. These findings have significant implications for policymakers, who can achieve socioeconomic and environmental gains by addressing crucial issues such as green job creation, green technologies, green financing, and environmental education.

The Effect of Military Expenditure on Economic Prosperity in Croatia

The objective of this study was to empirically evaluate the impact of military spending on the economic well-being of the Croatian economy. The objective of the study was as well to find out if military expenditure could bolster the economic growth. Croatia has been among the European nations with significant military expenditures over the past three decades. However, these expenses have substantially decreased due to successful peace initiatives and the country's accession to the European Union. Reflecting on Croatia's history, notably during the Croatian War of Independence, the government significantly augmented its military expenditures. The sample period of the study was for 40 years from 1981 to 2020. An applied econometrics methodology called the 2-Stage Least Squares with Instrumental Variables was utilised in the study. In the first stage, instrumental variables were used to instrument for the endogenous regressors. In the second stage, the predicted values obtained from the first stage were used as explanatory variables in the main regression equation. The study found that the effect of military expenditure on the economic prosperity of Croatia was positive and highly statistically significant. The study addressed an empirical gap in the literature by integrating distinctive characteristics into the model concerning the long-term relationship between Croatia's military expenditure and economic growth. These factors enhanced empirical accuracy and instilled confidence in the broader and diverse literature concerning military expenditure and economic growth. The implication of this study is that investing in the military provides an enabling environment for economic growth to increase.

The pressure of coal consumption on China's carbon dioxide emissions: A spatial and temporal perspective

As the world's largest coal consumer, China is facing the dual challenge of implementing strict coal reduction policies while heavily relying on coal. It is crucial to comprehend the pressures exerted on carbon dioxide emissions from coal consumption as China strives to transition towards a carbon-neutral era. This study defines and classifies the pressure of carbon dioxide emissions resulting from coal consumption, referred to as “carbon-coal pressure”, in 30 provinces (including municipalities and autonomous regions) from 1997 to 2019. This classification enriches the study of the pressure on carbon dioxide emissions by specific energy types. By calculating the centre of gravity of the carbon-coal pressure and its evolution trends, the spatial pattern of the carbon-coal pressure and the evolution characteristics of the centre of gravity of the pressure are revealed. The results demonstrate that, despite the continuous growth in total coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in China, the carbon-coal pressure index exhibits a decreasing trend in certain regions, with significant inter-regional differences. Most provinces fall into the high-pressure and higher-pressure categories. The number of high-pressure provinces has decreased by 33% from 18 to 8, while the number of low-pressure provinces has risen from 0 to 1, and both higher and medium pressure types have increased. The overall stress index decreases from 0.79 to 0.7. The pressure centre displays a similar spatial trend to the overall changes in coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions centre, albeit with a smaller magnitude of change. Beijing stands out as the only province with low pressure.

Interactional Impact of Defence Expenditure and Political Instability on Economic Growth in Nigeria: Revisited

ABSTRACT Over the last decade empirical research has increasingly recognized the significance of understanding how defence spending and political stability jointly influence economic growth in developing nations. This paper revisits the complex interplay between defence expenditure, political instability, and economic growth in the context of Nigeria, and for the period 1960-2021. Leveraging the robust Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) model proposed by Granger and Terasvirta, this study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic relationships among these critical factors. Our investigation employs the STAR model to capture potential nonlinearities and regime shifts in these interactions (confirmed by the diagnostic tests), shedding light on how political instability may impact the effectiveness of defence spending on economic growth. The findings further reveal how military spending can influence political stability and governance, particularly in contexts where military resources wield significant power and influence. They also show that low military spending negatively impacts economic growth due to inadequate resources for security and stability maintenance. These findings hold vital implications for policymakers striving to enhance economic development amidst the backdrop of geopolitical uncertainty and security challenges.

The Impact of Energy Use on Indonesian Economic Development: A Qualitative Analysis of Stakeholder Views and Attitudes

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of energy consumption on economic growth in Indonesia, as well as to investigate stakeholder perceptions and attitudes regarding energy consumption and its impact on economic growth. The research method employed is a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature, observation, and media studies involving stakeholders including government officials, experts, academics, and the general people. The study's findings indicate that increased domestic energy use can boost economic growth. Increased energy consumption promotes the expansion of home economic industries. Second, stakeholders have diverse perceptions and attitudes regarding energy usage and its impact on economic growth. Some stakeholders think that energy consumption is vital for economic progress, while others claim that excessive energy consumption has a negative impact on environmental and economic sustainability. The importance of collaborating with all stakeholders to promote energy consumption and Indonesian economic growth. The study focuses on stakeholder views of energy usage, which has an impact on economic growth. The study suggests that more research on energy usage should be conducted in order to broaden and fully improve economic growth. This research also assists to offering insights and true pictures of stakeholders regarding the conditions of energy use and economic growth.

The role of shadow banking towards a sustainable growth path

This paper utilizes data from 26 countries to document the relationship between renewable energy consumption, shadow banking, traditional banking, and economic growth covering 2010–2021. Employing panel quantile approaches, the results indicate a negative and significant impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth, highlighting the initial high costs inherent in transitioning to renewable energy sources. Moreover, the findings reveal that shadow banking, along with traditional banking, tends to weaken the negative impacts of renewable energy consumption on economic growth, particularly in countries with medium and high levels of economic development. Finally, panel causality tests confirm bidirectional causality between economic growth and renewable energy consumption, economic growth and shadow banking, and renewable energy consumption and shadow banking. These insights underscore the need for policymakers to consider the role of alternative financing mechanisms in the transition to renewable energy.

Maternal milk intake and the foetus growth: A bio-cultural study in Pune

The relationship between maternal diet and foetal parameters has been a matter of debate because of the number of parameters and various dimensions associated with it. The study has gained attraction because of its importance despite of uncertainty and controversy in it.: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal milk consumption and fetal growth as well as the birth weight of the newborn. To achieve this objective, dietary information was collected using a 24-hour diet recall survey, and protein intake was evaluated based on dietary intake. A total of 455 ultrasound observations from 229 respondents were collected by using a Prospective Observational Cohort Mixed Longitudinal study design in the second and last trimester of pregnancy from one private and two government hospitals in Pune, India where direct interviews were taken. Dietary data were collected using 24-hour diet recall. Food Frequency questionnaire was administered to understand the dietary habits and preferences. The average protein intake was 77.33g/day. Birth weight and Protein intake of mother do not show statistically significant linear relationship (=0.605) The descriptive test shows that the majority of respondents had tendency to consume less than one cup (155.64 mL) of milk per day. The study shows better tendency of foetal growth in BPD, HC, AC, FL, FW, Weight at birth in the group of the respondent consuming milk more than 4 cups (>717mL) per day. This growth might be due to the micronutrient intake of mother. There is no association between maternal milk intake and the fetus growth.

Environmental sustainability, terrorism, and military expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from panel quantile ARDL regression and panel causality

The prevalence of terrorism and military expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing rapid and significant growth over time. This study investigates the impact of terrorism and military expenditure on environmental sustainability in 35 economies in SSA from 1990 to 2021, utilizing panel quantile autoregressive distributed lag regression and causality analysis techniques to bridge the gap in existing studies on the military expenditure, environmental sustainability, and terrorism nexus. The study's novelty is evident because it assesses the short-term and long-term impacts of military expenditure and other covariates across various quantiles of CO2 emissions. The study achieves this by categorizing SSA nations based on their varying levels of CO2 emissions, specifically low, moderate, and high, an approach that is extremely rare among SSA countries. The study's findings revealed that terrorism and military expenditure have a positive impact on CO2 emissions across the quantiles, implying that these variables contribute to environmental degradation in the region. The study also reveals a bidirectional relationship between CO2 emissions and the selected predictors (terrorism, military expenditure, trade, and economic growth). Thus, the study proposes military strategies and macroeconomic policies that ensure environmental sustainability.

The Impact of Non-Green Trade Openness on Environmental Degradation in Newly Industrialized Countries

Environmental degradation due to human over-exploitation is one of the most pressing global issues. The ten Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs) have recently witnessed substantial economic growth and involvement in global trade. In the discussion on environmental degradation, trade has a crucial role. Scholars use trade openness to test the scale effect on the environment. This research investigates the effect of non-green trade openness, economic growth, and energy consumption on ecological footprint. Panel estimation techniques such as cross-sectional dependence, slope homogeneity, unit root, and cointegration analyses are applied to panel data of ten NICs between 2003 and 2016. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method reveals that non-green trade openness increases environmental degradation in the panel. Energy consumption and economic growth are also found to increase environmental degradation. Moreover, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is validated. The research presents a few relevant policy implications. The NICs should invest in green energy and an energy-efficient economy and focus on stimulating green trade as a catalyst for sustainable economic development in order to improve the quality of their environment. This can be done by introducing higher tariffs on non-green products and investing in technological innovations for green production methods and renewable energy. Although local environmental pollution in the European Union (EU) decreases, an increase in pollution in the NICs threatens the global state of the environment. Therefore, non-green trade should be approached as an international problem that has detrimental effects on all countries in different phases of economic development.

Military Expenditures and Economic Growth: Evidence from NATO and Non-NATO Alliances

ABSTRACT Given its significant socioeconomic implications, the nexus between military expenditures and economic growth has been the subject of an extensive theoretical and empirical debate. The present study focuses on NATO vs. non-NATO member countries (i.e. 141 countries) as a case study to empirically examine the aforementioned complex relationship during the period 1992–2020. Using annual data, we employ a panel model, as well as spectral preliminary analysis that takes into account the nonlinear behaviour of our series, positive or negative causal relationships and their coherence characteristics across both time and frequency domains. Findings reported herein from an extended panel of several states suggest that military expenditure enhances economic growth under the NATO alliance case, whereas it becomes harmful for growth in the case of non-NATO alliances such as the SCO & CSTO. Our study contributes to the understanding on the crucial role of a military alliance membership in the formation of the economic growth and military spending relationship. Hence, our findings can be beneficial for policymakers to account for the existence of possible spillovers that may arise from country participation in a military alliance.

Transforming waste management methods: a Dutch Airport’s journey toward a circular economy through baseline measurements and strategic priority setting

Airports, the essential hubs of global travel, have to cater for the increasing demands for air travel, with growing passenger numbers and the associated growth in resource consumption. While the aviation sector prioritizes reducing environmental impact in the air, substantial waste is generated at airports. This necessitates a critical examination of waste management practices, especially since a Circular Economy (CE) approach is gaining momentum within the aviation sector. This article introduces the Baseline Circular Airports Method (BCAM), a methodology developed and rigorously tested at Schiphol Amsterdam airport. BCAM systematically analyzes resource streams, considering composition and relevant stakeholders, treatment processes, and environmental impact. By doing so, it establishes strategic prioritization of resource streams for airports to perform focused and effective interventions. BCAM analysis reveals that the highest impact of operational resource streams are Residual, Plastic, Swill, Paper, and International Catering Waste (CAT1), and that corresponding waste management efficiencies can be determined. These outcomes serve as a baseline for ongoing monitoring, offering airports a starting point for strategic planning and assessing progress towards sustainable waste management and CE transitions.

The Relationship Between Energy Consumption, Population and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

The need for energy is increasing due to population growth and industrialization. The scarcity of energy resources on earth has pushed countries to research alternative energy sources and take new measures regarding energy. In the study, the relationship between variables was investigated using population, economic growth and energy consumption data of 7 countries in the developing countries category (China, India, South Africa, Indonesia, Turkey, Mexico, Thailand). The direction and magnitude of the impact of economic growth and population growth on energy consumption were examined using 1990-2022 data for 7 countries. The relationship between the variables was examined with Swamy's Random Coefficients Model and Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) models, and the positive effect of economic growth on energy consumption was observed. The parameter of the economic growth variable varies between 0.49% and 0.81% for countries. However, it was concluded that the population variable had no effect on energy consumption in the 2 countries included in the analysis. The population variable is significant in explaining energy consumption at the 5% significance level for South Africa, Mexico and Thailand, and at the 10% significance level for Turkey and China, its statistically insignificant for India and Indonesia.

Water Resource Utilization Assessment in China Based on the Dynamic Relationship between Economic Growth and Water Use

Water scarcity has significantly hampered China’s economic, social, and environmental development. Ensuring sustainable water utilization is crucial given the mounting water stress accompanying continuous economic growth. A quantitative water resource forewarning model was constructed using the vector autoregressive (VAR) model. By analyzing the key indicators related to water systems and GDP data from 2001 to 2022, the VAR model revealed the long-term dynamic correlation between water consumption and economic growth using generalized impulse response, co-integration, and predictive variance decomposition analyses. The results revealed the presence of a long-term equilibrium between water consumption and economic growth, with a stable co-integration relationship and an optimal lag period of one year. The positive impact of water consumption on economic development increased during the 2001–2022 period, indicating a rising dependence of GDP on water resources. Water usage rose with economic development, while the water resource carrying capacity remained high and continued to grow. Based on the generalized impulse response, co-integration, and predictive variance decomposition analyses, this study predicted water-use-related indicators, providing vital early warnings for China’s water environment carrying capacity from 2023 to 2050. This enabled informed decision-making and fostered sustainable water management practices for the future.

Health Capital and a Sustainable Economic-Growth Nexus: A High-Frequency-Data Analysis during COVID-19

The recent COVID-19 pandemic effectively concretized the vitality of health expenditure and the economic-growth nexus, and the threat of new pandemics make re-examining this relationship a necessity. Consequently, this paper focuses on this nexus for developed OECD countries, paying particular attention to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of stock indices as proxy variables for health expenditure and economic growth enabled the examination of this nexus by using high-frequency data and financial econometric techniques, specifically via rolling correlation and bivariate GARCH analyses. The data span 1170 observations between 15 May 2018 and 11 November 2022. Since the research period overlaps with the outbreak of Ukraine–Russia war, additional insights are obtained regarding the effects of the war as well. It was found that an increase in health expenditure leads to a delayed increase in economic growth even in the short term, and this relationship mainly develops during crises such as epidemics, wars, supply chain breakdowns, etc., for developed OECD countries. Given the aging population of developed countries, which will probably deteriorate the health status of those countries in the near future, the increasing political tensions around the globe and the considerations of a global recession highlight the importance and the inevitability of investments in health capital for developed countries as well.

Thriving or Declining? Unraveling Corruption, Environmental Quality, Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries

The current study is carried out to explore the link between Corruption,Environment quality. Energy consumption and economic growth in selectedAsean countries. In addition to that, the present study aims to highlight thedirect impacts of corruption upon environmental degradation, energyconsumption, and economic progress. For this purpose, the analyticalframework has been particularly used. Theoretically, environmental quality isexpected to be directly influenced by corruption using taxation andregulations, while corruption affects economic growth which in turn affectsthe quality of environment. Therefore, economic growth is negativelyinfluenced by the levels of corruptions. The higher the levels of corruption thelower will be the GDP level of an economy. This lower GDP level theninfluences the environmental quality, and thus confirms the EKC hypothesis.This paper has employed cointegration model for analyzing the associationbetween environmental quality, energy consumption, corruption, andeconomic growth for the data involving 5 ASEAN countries i.e. Malaysia,Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, and Indonesia for the years 1960-2021. Theliterature review has shown no empirical study that have employedcointegration model for examining the effects of corruption on energyconsumption, environmental quality, and economic growth. The findings ofthe study are in line with the proposed hypothesis. The study which is amongthe pioneering studies will be helpful for policymakers and researchers.

Biological activity of essential oils of Calocedrus decurrens and Cupressus arizonica on Lymantria dispar larvae and Phytophthora root pathogens

Composition of Calocedrus decurrens and Cupressus arizonica essential oils (CDEO and CAEO, respectively), their antifeedant activity on spongy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae, as well as their antimicrobial activity on three Phytophthora species were investigated. In leaves of these two conifers from the Cupressaceae family, monoterpenes strongly dominated (90.5 and 85.0%, respectively), but their terpene profiles were different. The dominant compound of CDEO was δ-3-carene (49.5%), followed by myrcene (9.4%), terpinolene (8.6%) and α-pinene (7.0%). In CAEO, the most dominant compounds were limonene (23.3%) and α-pinene (20.5%), followed by umbellulone (12.0%) and terpinen-4-ol (9.5%). CDEO showed a strong antifeedant activity, while leaf discs treated with CAEO had phagostimulatory effect on spongy moth larvae. CAEO had no significant effect on relative consumption and larval growth rate, while CDEO reduced consumption and stimulated growth at the lowest EO concentration (0.05%). Both EOs significantly affected the growth of colonies of the Phytophthora species tested. At concentrations of 0.5% and 1%, a 100% inhibition was observed in almost all experimental groups, with the exception of P. plurivora on 0.5% CDEO. At a concentration of 0.1% inhibition rate varied from 15% in P. ×cambivora treated with CDEO to 90% in P. quercina treated with CAEO. These findings indicate that these two EOs could be used to control tree pests.

Feeding assimilation of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae on several host types

Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) is a pest that is easy to adapt and quickly develops. S. frugiperda can switch to crops other than maize as the primary host. Food assimilation must be tested to determine which plants S . frugiperda larvae prefer. This research was conducted to determine the feeding assimilation of S. frugiperda larvae and determine plants that can be alternative hostsinstead of maize . This study was arranged using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications to obtain 15 experimental units. Larvae feed consists of rice, maize, and Napier grass. Feed is given during their 3rd instar stage until it becomes a prepupa. The suitability of plants as a food source for insects can be determined by a food assimilation test calculated using the Gravimetric method. The findings from the observations of food assimilation of S. frugiperda larvae in larvae-fed maize had higher consumption rate, growth rate, and digestibility than larvae-fed Napier grass. The conversion efficiency of digested food in grass-consuming larvae is 24.173%, higher than maize, 10.227%, and rice 0.00%. In compliance, the efficiency of food utilization was higher for larvae-fed Napier grass compared to those fed maize and rice.