Group G2 Research Articles

Research of the family associations of active asteroids in the main belt

ABSTRACT We apply the Hierarchical Clustering method (HCM) and Selective Backward Integration method (BIM) to search for associated families and young families for all main-belt active asteroids (MBAAs) known to date. We find four newly candidate sub-groups of known families, which include the candidate Brueghel family associated with 176P/LINEAR, the candidate 324P group associated with 324P/La Sagra, the candidate G1 group associated with P/2016 G1, and the candidate Tutenchamun family associated with (62412) 2000 SY178. Additionally, we identify three entirely new candidate families, the Interamnia family associated with P/2021 A5, the candidate 457P group associated with 457P/Lemmon-PANSTARRS, and the candidate Scheila family associated with (596) Scheila. We also reveal two newly identified family associations with known families between 259P/Garradd and the Adeona family, P/2019 A4 and the Jones family. All main-belt comets (MBCs) are likely associated with young and primitive families. Some unstable MBCs, which cannot be identified using HCM, may still originate from young and primitive families. However, due to dynamic diffusion, they cannot be conclusively linked to current families. Impact-disrupted asteroids could be linked with young families and they may change their original spectrum under the impact activity. Rotational fission of young and primitive asteroids might be a useful mechanism for facilitating the exposure of subsurface ice, and therefore triggering sublimation-driven activity. Rapid rotation and sublimation activity mechanisms are likely coupled. Therefore, further research should be made on such fast rotational asteroids that are located in primitive families.

Determination of Growth and Nutritional Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fed With L-Glutamic Acid Supplemented Feeds

The study aimed to assess Nile tilapia’s (Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and body chemical composition through varying levels of L-Glutamic acid supplementation. In the experiment, four different groups of feed were prepared; the control C (0% L-Glutamic acid), G1 (1% L-Glutamic acid), G2 (2% L-Glutamic acid), and G3 (3% L-Glutamic acid). Tilapia juveniles with an average initial weight of 4.86 g were stocked into 12 fiberglass tanks (450L) with 40 individuals and three replications under controlled conditions, and the experiment was continued for a period of 60 days. At the end of the experiment, for the G2 group final weight (FW, 19.31±0.59 g), specific growth rate (SGR; 2.30±0.05), feed conversion ratio (FCR; 1.02±0.03), daily growth rate (DGR; 4.95±0.20) protein efficiency ratio (PER 2.83±0.10) and net protein utilization (NPU; 61.62±3.39) were better than the other groups (P<0.05). Nutritional composition data showed that the groups differed between protein, dry matter, and lipid compositions. The G2 group exhibited the highest whole-body protein level, recording a value of 21.24±0.52, whereas the control group demonstrated the lowest protein level at 20.17±0.15. In conclusion, incorporating 2% L-Glutamic acid into the diet of juvenile Nile tilapia is advisable for both the growth and development of the fish and for enhancing their nutritional composition.

Use of recombinant malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) [Cu[sbnd]Zn] as antigens in indirect ELISA for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis

The objective of this study was to validate an indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay (iELISA) using the recombinant proteins, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) [CuZn], as antigens and to evaluate its ability to discriminate antibodies produced by vaccination from those induced by infection in the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. Sera from six groups were evaluated: G1 – culture-positive animals (52 serum samples) (naturally infected); G2 - non-vaccinated animals (28 serum samples) positive in RBT (Rose Bengal test) and 2ME (2-mercaptoethanol test) selected from brucellosis-positive herds; G3 - animals from a brucellosis-free area (32 serum samples); G4 - S19 vaccinated heifers (114 serum samples); G5 – RB51 vaccinated heifers (60 serum samples); G6 - animals inoculated with inactivated Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 (42 serum samples). Diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) were estimated using the frequentist approach and the confidence interval (CI) (95%) calculated by the Clopper-Pearson (exact) method. The DSe for iELISA_MDH in the G1 group was 71.7% (CI 95%: 57.6–83.2%) and for the G2 100.0% (CI 95%: 87.7–100.0%), whereas the DSp was 84.4% in the G3 (CI 95%: 67.2–94.7%). For the iELISA_SOD the DSe was estimated 67.3% for the G1 (CI 95%: 52.9–79.7%) and 71.4% for G2 (CI 95%: 51.3–86.8%), while the DSp for G3 was 87.5% (CI 95%: 71.0–96.5%). iELISA_MDH and iELISA_SOD showed potential to be used in the diagnosis of infected animals, increasing the range of serological tests available for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis, with the advantage of being S-LPS-free. However, none of the tests could differentiate between infection and vaccination.

Impact of heat stress on blood physiological parameters, body temperature, respiratory frequency, antioxidant status, carcass quality, production performance, and egg quality of Japanese quails

The study was performed with three experiments. The first experiment studied respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT), blood physiological parameters (BPP), serum antioxidant enzyme activities (SAEA), and meat quality of 240 quails under three temperatures (38 °C, 25 °C, and environmental temperature 30 °C) and two bodyweights (heavy and lighter). Heat stress (HS) increased RR and BT of quails but had no effect on BPP; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased in group 38 °C (P<0.05), and a trend of increasing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was also observed in group 38 °C (P=0.06); meat quality was not affected by HS except yellow index of meat color was increased (P<0.05). The second experiment was conducted with 168 quails (experiment 1) to record reproductive performance and egg quality. HS negatively affected feed intake, egg weight, egg height, albumen height, yolk weight, yolk color, and Haugh unit (P<0.05). The third experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of HS on growth and reproductive performance, and SAEA of the first generation (G1) from 84 quails (experiment 2). Feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio in the 38 °C H – G1 quail line were not significantly different from other groups. The higher egg weight and egg production were discovered in heat-stressed G1 groups. The lowest value of SOD and GSH-Px was reported in the 38 °C H – G1 quail line but no different in catalase (P>0.05). The 38 °C – G1 quail groups adapted to HS from G0 by expanding feed intake at the growing phase, improving egg weight and egg production, and maintaining the low SAEA.

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Fumigation on Bacterial Levels in Dental Office Environments: A Randomized Clinical Trial Investigation.

Fumigation with hydrogen peroxide has proven to be a highly effective approach to maintaining biological safety within dental offices. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) fumigation in reducing bacterial levels in dental office environments. The study involved 30 participants diagnosed with moderate caries decay (ICDAS 3 and 4) in their mandibular molars. Sixty Petri dishes (two per patient) with Columbia Agar and 5% Sheep Blood were opened at the beginning of the caries treatment. After the completion of caries treatment and tooth restoration, 30 plates (G1 group) were closed. Following this, a 20 min fumigation procedure with 6% hydrogen peroxide biosanitizer using a compressed air device was conducted. After the fumigation, the remaining plates were closed (G2 group). The total number of bacteria CFUs (colony-forming units) in the dental office air was determined using the Koch sedimentation method. The total bacterial colony (TBC) level, measured in cfu/m3, demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of bacteria following room environment fumigation (163.1 ± 145.7; G2 group) compared to non-fumigated samples (817.2 ± 208.2; G1 group) (p < 0.001). The predominant bacteria observed in the microbiological plates before fumigation were Micrococcus and Bacillus species, found in 80% (24/30) and 60% (18/30) of the plates, respectively. Application of H2O2 room fumigation resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial numbers: 79.2% (5/30) for Micrococcus species (p < 0.001), 83.3% (3/30) for Bacillus species (p < 0.001), and 100% (0/30) for Staphylococcus arlettae (p < 0.05). Fumigation with 6% H2O2 is an effective method for reducing bacterial counts in a dental office environment.

Influence of number and position of porcelain specimens in the furnace on flexural strength and translucency

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the quantity and positioning of feldspathic ceramic specimens inside the furnace on their flexural strength and translucency. The tested hypotheses were that the arrangement of specimens in the furnance would not influence 1) the translucency or 2) the biaxial strength of the porcelain. Methods: Ninety porcelain specimens were made (1.2 mm thickness and 13.5 mm diameter) and assigned into two main groups (n=15): G1 group - 15 firing cycles containing only one specimen each, always at the center of the refractory; and G5 group - 15 firing cycles containing five specimen each, where one specimen was at the center of the refractory and four specimens positioned equidistantly on the periphery. The translucency test was performed using a spectrophotometer, followed by the flexural strength test, according to ISO 6872:2015. T-student test was performed for both the mechanical and optical obtained data. Results: The flexural strength of the porcelain was not affected by the positioning (center x periphery) of the specimens inside the furnace (p =0.08), but the translucency was affected (periphery &gt; center; p =0.009). Regarding to the number of feldspathic ceramic specimens, the biaxial flexural strength was affected (p =0.025), as well as the translucency (p &lt;0.05). Conclusion: A higher quantity of feldspathic ceramic specimens for each firing cycle decreased its biaxial flexural strength and translucency. Also, specimens positioned at the center of the refractory became less translucent than those positioned at the periphery.

Mycobacterium bovis BCG expressing the proteins CP40 or CP09720 of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis promotes protection in mice after challenge

In this study, we assessed the survival and immune response of mice vaccinated with recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG Pasteur that expressed the CP40 or CP09720 proteins after the mice were challenged with a C. pseudotuberculosis MIC-6 virulent strain. Six groups of mice (n = 10 mice per group) were immunised with a sterile 0.9% saline solution (G1), 106 CFU of M. bovis BCG Pasteur (G2), 106 CFU of M. bovis BCG/cp40 (G3), 106 CFU of M. bovis BCG/cp09720 (G4), M. bovis BCG/cp40 boosted with rCP40 (G5), and M. bovis BCG/cp09720 boosted with rCP09720 (G6). The highest survival rate of 90% was observed in the G5 group, followed by 80% in the G6 group and 70% in the G3 and G4 groups. Moreover, a significantly greater induction of IFN-γ and IL-10 was found in the G3 group and higher IL-17 levels were recorded in the G5 group compared to their levels in the control group (G1) (p < 0.05). A specific humoral immune response (total IgG) was found in the G5 and G6 groups on day 42 compared to the level of response in the G1 group. These results indicated that the vector vaccine elicited significantly greater survival of mice in all experimental groups after a strong virulent challenge and induced a strong immune response.

Analysis of Diffusion-Weighted and T2-Weighted Imaging in the Prediction of Distinct Granulation Patterns of Somatotroph Adenomas

ObjectiveThe heterogeneity of the somatotroph adenomas, especially for SG and DG subtypes, has attracted great attention in identifying the imaging biomarker of them. The purpose of current study was to compare the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted MRI sequences for preoperatively distinguishing the granulation patterns of somatotroph adenomas. Methods32 patients with clinical diagnosis of somatotroph adenomas from October 2018 to March 2023 were included in this study. Coronal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted MRI sequences data was collected from 3.0T MRI and compared between SG and DG groups. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to confirm the EM pathological subtypes and Ki67 expression levels of somatotroph adenomas postoperatively. ResultsPatients in the SG group had significantly higher signal intensity (SI) ratio of DWI (rDWI) (P<0.001), lower SI ratio of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) (rADC) (P<0.001), and higher SI ratio of T2-weighted imaging (rT2) (P=0.011). The combined diagnose index of rDWI and rADC had the highest diagnostic efficiency predicting SG adenomas (sensitivity, 93.3%; specificity, 88.2%; P < 0.001). The rDWI and rADC value had positive and negative correlations with Ki67 index and tumor maximum diameter, respectively. Lower rADC×103 was an independent predictor for SG adenomas. ConclusionsOur results indicated that compared with previously used T2-weighted imaging, the DWI sequence, especially the combined diagnosis index of rDWI and rADC could more efficiently distinguish the granulation patterns of somatotroph adenomas preoperatively.

Effect of Glass Wool and Sephadex Sperm Separation Techniques on Improving the Poor Quality Semen of Iraqi Buffalo Bulls

This study investigated the effect of glass wool and Sephadex separation techniques on improving the poor semen quality of buffalo bulls. Semen had divided into four groups. The first and second groups used good (G1, positive control) and poor-quality semen (G2, negative control). Glass wool (G3) and Sephadex (G4) techniques had used to separate the poor semen quality in the 3rd-4th groups, respectively. The sperm concentration and total abnormalities were lower in the G3 and G4 groups than in the G2 group. Motility increased in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. Live sperm, normal morphology, plasma membrane, and acrosome integrity were higher in groups G4 and G3 than in the G2 group. In conclusion, after separation, there was a decrease in sperm concentration compared to non-separation. This decrease had compensated by a proportionate increase in other semen characteristics, which may improve the conception rate via artificial insemination with filtered semen.

Influence of Immediate and Delayed Dentin Sealing on Bonding Strength of Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic: An in vitro Study

Objective: To investigate the influence of immediate and delayed dentin sealing technique on shear bonding strength (SBS) of the lithium disilicate glass-ceramic on tooth structure with different depths.&#x0D; Methods: The buccal surfaces of 40 maxillary first premolars were prepared with two different depths (1mm and 1.5 mm) and two different timings for bonding (immediate and delayed dentin sealing). G1 (1 mm preparation) and G2 (1.5 mm preparation) were treated with bonding (Tetric N-Bond Universal, Ivoclar,2021, Schaan/Liechtenstein) two weeks after preparation, before cementation to the ceramic block with delayed dentin sealing (DDS), while G3 (1 mm preparation) and G4 (1.5 mm preparation) were treated immediately after preparation with bonding and immediate dentin sealing (IDS). All specimens were stored in artificial saliva (Biotene dry mouth, GSK goupe, Canada) for two weeks at 24℃. Forty lithium disilicate glass-ceramic rectangular blocks (Rosetta SM) (HASSBIO, Korea) with dimensions of (2 mm height, 2mm width and 3 mm thickness) were prepared. After preparation of the tooth surfaces, all prepared blocks were cemented to the prepared teeth in groups GI and G2 with phosphoric acid 37% for 15 seconds, and all ceramic fitting surfaces were treated with 10% hydroflouric acid for 20 seconds and coupling agent monobond, then aging was performed for 5000 cycles in artificial saliva from 5-55 °C for all specimens. A universal test machine was used to test the shear bond strength (SBS). The statistical analysis was done using a one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p&lt;0.05).&#x0D; Results: The result revealed that IDS and minimum preparation depth had significantly higher bonding strength than DDS. Bonding strength in sequence was 15.50 ± 3.873 MPa in G3 and G4 8.25 ± 3.344 MPa, while for delayed dentin sealing the bonding strength was 7.75 ± 2.993 in G1 and 6.25 ± 2.125 MPa in G2.&#x0D; Conclusions: Teeth treated with IDS immediately after preparation showed significantly higher bonding strength than those treated with DDS for indirect ceramic restoration. Also, increase in the depth of the preparation toward the dentin led to a decrease in the bonding strength of the restoration.

(Epi)genetic and clinical characteristics in 84 patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP1B) caused by methylation defects of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) on the GNAS locus can be categorized into groups according to etiologies and methylation defect patterns of the DMRs. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical characteristics in each group. Comprehensive molecular analyses consisting of methylation, copy number, and microsatellite analyses. Eighty-four patients with PHP1B were included in this study. We classified them into five groups, namely, autosomal dominant inheritance-PHP1B (Group 1, G1), sporadic-PHP1B (G2), and atypical-PHP1B (G3-G5), based on the methylation defect patterns in four DMRs on the GNAS locus and etiologies and evaluated the clinical findings in each group and compared them among the groups. G2 had the youngest age and the highest serum intact parathyroid hormone levels among the five groups at the time of diagnosis. The most common symptoms at the time of diagnosis were tetany in G1, and seizures or loss of consciousness in G2. Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and PHP-suggestive features were most frequently observed in the G2 proband. Nine patients had neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) consisting of mild to borderline intellectual disability and/or developmental delay. There were no significant correlations between the average methylation ratios of seven CpG sites in the GNAS-A/B:TSS-DMR and hormonal and biochemical findings. This study revealed the differences in some clinical characteristics, particularly clinical features and ages at the time of diagnosis between G2 and other groups and detailed NDs observed in some patients with PHP1B.

Effect of Golden nanoparticles and Domperidone on some hematological parameters in pregnant rabbits

The present study aims to investigate the effects of golden nanoparticles (AuNPs) alone or with the administration of the emetic drug (domperidone) on some hematological parameters of pregnant rabbits. In this study, twenty pregnant rabbits, were collected and divided into four groups (n = 5 in each group) as follows: the control group allow to drink 1 ml / kg of distilled water orally, the G1 group received an injected dose (i.m) of 150µg / kg of AuNPs, while the G2 group was treated with 300 µg /kg of the domperidone. The combined group (G3) received both AuNPs injected and domperidone orally (150µg / kg and 300 µg /kg, respectively). Blood samples were taken from each animal at (0, 15, 30 and 40) days of experimental periods to test hematological parameters (WBC count, RBC count, hemoglobin level (HGB) and Hematocrit percentage (HCT), which were calculated by using hematology analyzer. The results of the study demonstrated that there is no significant difference in WBC, RBC counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels between the AuNPs and domperidone groups and the Control and G3 groups. As well as, there is no effect between periods for each group in these parameters in blood of pregnant rabbits. Thus, it is concluded that injected of AuNPs has no toxic effect on blood, as well as, the domperidone has same effect on blood.

Effect of physiotherapeutic procedures on the bioelectric activity of the masseter muscle and the range of motion of the temporomandibular joints in the female population with chronic pain: a randomized controlled trial

SummaryIntroductionPhysical therapy (PT) methods applied in dentistry are increasingly discussed nowadays. Taking into account a rapidly growing number of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and orofacial pain patients, it is reasonable to determine which of the available physiotherapeutic (PT) methods are more effective than others, especially in terms of their possible analgesic and myorelaxant effects.ObjectiveTo assess manual and physical factors influencing pain reduction or elimination and increased muscle tension in patients with TMD; yet the influence of the applied forms of PT on the range of motion (ROM) of temporomandibular joints (TMJ).Material and methodsA randomized, parallel-group, RCT, single-blind, equi-randomized (1:1) study was conducted in DC/TMD Group Ib patients (20–45 years of age). An experimental group (G1, n = 104) and a control group without TMD (G2, n = 104) were created according to CONSORT guidelines. Diagnostic measurements were performed in both groups (mass sEMG, temporomandibular joint range of motion-ROM, pain intensity - NRS). Group G1 was randomly divided (envelope method) into 4 therapeutic groups, in which therapy was carried out for 10 days: magnetostimulation (MS), magnetoledotherapy (MLE), magnetolaserotherapy (MLA), manual therapy (MT). Each time after the therapy, ROM and NRS measurements were performed, and after the 5th and 10th day sEMG.ResultsStatistically significant differences were found in the sEMG values of the masseter muscles, TMJ ROM and the pain intensity in G1 and G2 (p < 0.00). The largest decrease in sEMG (% MVC) of the masseter muscle occurred in the subgroup in which the manual therapy (MT) procedures were applied, p < 0.000. There was no clinically significant difference in and between other subgroups. There was a distinct mandible ROM increase noted in the MT group, with minimal changes in the MLA and MLE groups and no changes in the MS group. There was a clear increase in the lateral mobility of both right and left TMJ in the MT group. There were no differences in the course of the study in the MS group, and slight increases in the MLA and MLE groups. In the case of pain measurements, the greatest decrease in pain intensity was observed in the MT subgroup.ConclusionsAccording to our results manual therapy is an effective form of treatment in patients with pain, increased masticatory muscle tension and limitation in mandible ROM. Dental physiotherapy should become an integral part of multimodal TMD patients’ treatment.

Inversion of Leaf Water Content of Cinnamomum camphora Based on Preferred Spectral Index and Machine Learning Algorithm

Plant leaf water content significantly influences photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield. Leaf water content (LWC) and equivalent water thickness (EWT) are indicators that reflect the water state within plant tissues, and they play a crucial role in assessing plant water supply and usage. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on the rapid and precise determination of plant water content. In this study, Cinnamomum camphora (C. camphora) was chosen as the subject of investigation. After acquiring spectral data, three types of vegetation indices were computed: the empirical vegetation index, the random combination dual-band vegetation index, and the ‘trilateral’ parameter. Four groups of optimal spectral index screening strategies were established, namely an empirical vegetation index group (G1), a random combination dual-band vegetation index group (G2), a ‘trilateral’ parameter group (G3), and a mixed group (G4). Three algorithms, specifically random forest (RF), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), and support vector machine (SVM), were employed for the estimation of leaf water content (LWC) and equivalent water thickness (EWT) in mature C. camphora. The results demonstrated that the G4 group displayed superior performance, yielding five optimal spectral indices for LWC: water index (WI), optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI), difference vegetation index (DVI) at wavelengths 734 and 956 nm, first-order difference vegetation index (DVI-FD) at wavelengths 1009 and 774 nm, and red-edge amplitude (Dr). With regard to EWT estimation, the five optimal spectral indices encompassed the red-edge normalized difference vegetation index (RE-NDVI), simple ratio water index (SRWI), difference vegetation index (DVI) at wavelengths 700 and 1167 nm, first-order difference vegetation index (DVI-FD) at wavelengths 1182 and 1514 nm, and red-edge area (SDr). Utilizing these indices as inputs significantly enhanced the accuracy of the models, with the RF model emerging as the most effective for estimating LWC and EWT in C. camphora. Based on the LWC estimation model of the G4 group and the RF algorithm, the determination coefficient (R2) for both the training and test sets reached 0.848 and 0.871, respectively. The root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.568% for the training set and 0.582% for the test set, while the average relative error (MRE) stood at 0.806% and 0.642%, respectively. Regarding the EWT estimation model, R2 values of 0.887 and 0.919 were achieved for the training and test sets, accompanied by RMSE values of 0.6 × 10−3 g·cm−2 and 0.7 × 10−3 g·cm−2, and MRE values of 3.198% and 2.901%, respectively. These findings lay a solid foundation for hyperspectral moisture monitoring in C. camphora and offer valuable reference for the rapid assessment of crop growth status.

Cyclic Higgs bundles and minimal surfaces in pseudo-hyperbolic spaces

We introduce a type of minimal surface in the pseudo-hyperbolic space Hn,n (with n even) or Hn+1,n−1 (with n odd) coming from cyclic SO0(n,n+1)-Higg bundles. By showing that these surfaces are saddle-type critical points for the area functional, and hence infinitesimally rigid, we get a new proof, for SO0(n,n+1), of Labourie's theorem that the holonomy map restricts to an immersion on the cyclic locus of Hitchin base, and extend it to Collier's components. This implies Labourie's former conjecture in the case of the exceptional group G2′, for which we also show that these minimal surfaces are J-holomorphic curves of a particular type in the almost complex H4,2.

Hecke algebras for p-adic reductive groups and Local Langlands Correspondences for Bernstein blocks

We study the endomorphism algebras attached to Bernstein components of reductive p-adic groups and construct a local Langlands correspondence with the appropriate set of enhanced L-parameters, using certain “desiderata” properties for the LLC for supercuspidal representations of proper Levi subgroups. We give several applications of our LLC to various reductive groups with Bernstein blocks cuspidally supported on general linear groups.In particular, for Levi subgroups of maximal parabolic subgroups of the split exceptional group G2, we compute the explicit weight functions for the corresponding Hecke algebras, and show that they satisfy a conjecture of Lusztig's. Some results from §4 are used by the same authors to construct a full local Langlands correspondence in [9]. Moreover, we prove a “reduction to depth-zero” result for regular Bernstein blocks (i.e., blocks for which the supercuspidal support of each irreducible representation is regular).

Astaxanthin Supplementation Augments the Benefits of CrossFit Workouts on Semaphorin 3C and Other Adipokines in Males with Obesity.

Regular physical activity and the use of nutritional supplements, including antioxidants, are recognized as efficacious approaches for the prevention and mitigation of obesity-related complications. This study investigated the effects of 12 weeks of CrossFit training combined with astaxanthin (ASX) supplementation on some plasma adipokines in males with obesity. Sixty-eight males with obesity (BMI: 33.6 ± 1.4 kg·m-2) were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group (CG; n = 11), ASX supplementation group (SG; n = 11), CrossFit group (TG; n = 11), and training plus supplement group (TSG; n = 11). Participants underwent 12 weeks of supplementation with ASX or placebo (20 mg/day capsule daily), CrossFit training, or a combination of both interventions. Plasma levels of semaphorin 3C (SEMA3C), apelin, chemerin, omentin1, visfatin, resistin, adiponectin, leptin, vaspin, and RBP4 were measured 72 h before the first training session and after the last training session. The plasma levels of all measured adipokines were significantly altered in SG, TG, and TSG groups (p < 0.05). The reduction of resistin was significantly higher in TSG than in SG (p < 0.05). The plasma levels of omentin1 were significantly higher in both training groups of TG and TSG than SG (p < 0.05), although such a meaningful difference was not observed between both training groups (p > 0.05). Significant differences were found in the reductions of plasma levels of vaspin, visfatin, apelin, RBP4, chemerin, and SEMA3C between the SG and TSG groups (p < 0.05). The study found that a 12-week intervention using ASX supplementation and CrossFit exercises resulted in significant improvements in several adipokines among male individuals with obesity. Notably, the combined approach of supplementation and training had the most pronounced results. The findings presented in this study indicate that the supplementation of ASX and participation in CrossFit exercise have the potential to be effective therapies in mitigating complications associated with obesity and enhancing metabolic health.

Expression of Soluble Form of Aurora A as a Predictive Factor for Neoadjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Single-Center Pilot Study.

To search for new predictive breast cancer biomarkers. We analyzed the serum concentrations of biomarkers involved in carcinogenesis, which can also be targeted by therapy. In a single-center prospective study, the serum levels of Aurora A, thymidine kinase 1, and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 3 (HER3) were determined in 119 women with BC before neoadjuvant treatment using ELISA kits. The following clinical data were analyzed: age; TNM; the expression of ER, PGR, HER2, and Ki67; histological grade (G); and the response to neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) in the residual tumor burden classification (RCB). A complete pathological response (pCR) was achieved after NAT in 41 patients (34%). The highest proportion of the patients with a confirmed pCR was found for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (62.5%); non-luminal HER2-positive (52.6%) cancer subtypes (p = 0.0003); and in the G3 group (50%; p = 0.0078). The patients with higher levels of Aurora A were more likely to achieve pCR (p = 0.039). In the multivariate analysis, the serum Aurora A levels ≥ 4.75 ng/mL correlated with a higher rate of pCR (OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.2-10.1; p = 0.023). We showed that in a biologically heterogeneous group of BC patients, the pretreatment serum Aurora A levels were of significant value in predicting the response to NAT.

Camellia sinensis Aqueous Extract: A Promising Candidate for Hepatic Eimeriosis Treatment in Rabbits.

Eimeria stiedae (E. stiedae) is a common coccidian species that infects the liver and causes economic losses for the rabbit industry. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of green tea aqueous extract (GTE) as a natural treatment for eimeriosis caused by E. stiedae. Male rabbits Cuniculus L. (Oryctolagus) of the New Zealand White rabbit strain (4-4.5 months) were used, as they are suitable for research and conducting experiments. Thirty rabbits were allocated into six groups, with five rabbits in each group; the G1 group (non-infected untreated) served as a negative control group; the G2 group was not infected and treated with 250 mg GTE; the G3 group was not infected and treated with 500 mg GTE; the G4 group was untreated and was infected with 3 × 104 Sporulated E. stiedae oocysts, which served as a positive control group; the G5 group was infected and treated with 250 mg GTE; and the G6 group was infected and treated with 500 mg GTE. The hematological and biochemical analyses of each group of rabbit sera were carried out. Phytochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the active components in GTE leaves using the following methods: IR spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy. The infected rabbit groups treated with GTE at both doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg exhibited a significant decrease in the extent of E. stiedae oocyst shedding compared with the infected untreated group at 14, 21, and 28 days post-infection. Also, treatment with green tea showed improvement in liver weight compared with the enlarged livers of infected, untreated rabbits. The disturbance in serum liver enzymes' gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) levels, as well as serum glucose, potassium, uric acid, cholesterol, and urea levels, were improved after the treatment of infected rabbit groups with green tea compared with the infected untreated group. Moreover, in this study, the images of the egg stages of the parasite were taken using a fluorescence microscope at 25 µm and 26 µm magnifications. This study provides promising results for the effective cell absorption of the aqueous extract of green tea, which was confirmed in the analyzed images using a scanning electron microscope at 5 µm and 20 µm magnifications.

DNAR-13. TARGETING THE DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE IN GLIOBLASTOMA PROPAGATING CELLS: FROM MOLECULAR MECHANISMS TO PRECISION MEDICINE

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite surgical resection and a combination of radiotherapy and alkylation chemotherapy, the median survival for patients with newly diagnosed GBM is only ~ 14 months. Among the many challenges confronting clinicians are subpopulations of tumor-propagating cells named GBM Stem-like Cells (GSCs), which have been proposed to drive treatment resistance and foster tumor relapse. At the mechanistic level, GSCs have been shown to display constitutive activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) due to chronic replication stress (RS), which enhances their ability to repair the DNA lesions induced by chemoradiation. Thus, developing new therapeutic strategies against glioblastoma is of paramount importance. Cell cycle regulation and DNA damage response are two crucial molecular networks altered in most cancer types. In this context, we have previously identified a DNA repair and cell cycle gene expression signature that results in the classification of GBM tumors in two major groups, G1 and G3, which differ in the expression of survival and proliferation pathways. Using bioinformatics analysis of the GLASS consortium database, we have created an exhaustive oncopanel of the molecular alterations defining the G1 and G3 groups. Furthermore, using G1- and G3-patient-derived GSC cell lines as experimental models, we have identified crucial differences in the mechanisms orchestrating the cell cycle, DDR, and treatment resistance between G1 and G3 cells. Finally, we have also identified group-specific therapeutic strategies combining repositioned FDA-approved drugs with the inhibition of crucial DDR factors. Our long-term goals are i) to understand the molecular basis behind the differential response to DNA damage and replication stress developed by G1 and G3 cells and ii) to propose group-specific, DDR-based combination therapies that prevent treatment resistance and promote long-lasting treatment.