Group Recommendations Research Articles

Group recommender systems for tourism: how does personality predict preferences for attractions, travel motivations, preferences and concerns?

To travel in leisure is an emotional experience, and therefore, the more the information about the tourist is known, the more the personalized recommendations of places and attractions can be made. But if to provide recommendations to a tourist is complex, to provide them to a group is even more. The emergence of personality computing and personality-aware recommender systems (RS) brought a new solution for the cold-start problem inherent to the conventional RS and can be the leverage needed to solve conflicting preferences in heterogenous groups and to make more precise and personalized recommendations to tourists, as it has been evidenced that personality is strongly related to preferences in many domains, including tourism. Although many studies on psychology of tourism can be found, not many predict the tourists’ preferences based on the Big Five personality dimensions. This work aims to find how personality relates to the choice of a wide range of tourist attractions, traveling motivations, and travel-related preferences and concerns, hoping to provide a solid base for researchers in the tourism RS area to automatically model tourists in the system without the need for tedious configurations, and solve the cold-start problem and conflicting preferences. By performing Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis on the data gathered from an online questionnaire, sent to Portuguese individuals from different areas of formation and age groups (n = 1035), we show all five personality dimensions can help predict the choice of tourist attractions and travel-related preferences and concerns, and that only neuroticism and openness predict traveling motivations.

A group recommender system for books based on fine-grained classification of comments

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how book group recommendations can be used as a meaningful way to suggest suitable books to users, given the increasing number of individuals engaging in sharing and discussing books on the web.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose reviews fine-grained classification (CFGC) and its related models such as CFGC1 for book group recommendation. These models can categorize reviews successively by function and role. Constructing the BERT-BiLSTM model to classify the reviews by function. The frequency characteristics of the reviews are mined by word frequency analysis, and the relationship between reviews and total book score is mined by correlation analysis. Then, the reviews are classified into three roles: celebrity, general and passerby. Finally, the authors can form user groups, mine group features and combine group features with book fine-grained ratings to make book group recommendations.FindingsOverall, the best recommendations are made by Synopsis comments, with the accuracy, recall, F-value and Hellinger distance of 52.9%, 60.0%, 56.3% and 0.163, respectively. The F1 index of the recommendations based on the author and the writing comments is improved by 2.5% and 0.4%, respectively, compared to the Synopsis comments.Originality/valuePrevious studies on book recommendation often recommend relevant books for users by mining the similarity between books, so the set of book recommendations recommended to users, especially to groups, always focuses on the few types. The proposed method can effectively ensure the diversity of recommendations by mining users’ tendency to different review attributes of books and recommending books for the groups. In addition, this study also investigates which types of reviews should be used to make book recommendations when targeting groups with specific tendencies.

Reflecting on a Big Year for Mental Health

Reflecting on a Big Year for Mental Health

87 How challenging is it to find non-insulin dysregulated horses in an apparently clinically healthy herd of university horses?

Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is associated with insulin dysregulation (ID), basal/postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and/or tissue insulin resistance, and puts equids at higher risk of laminitis. In the past, EMS animals were typically considered to have regional (e.g., cresty neck score CNS ≥ 3/5) or general obesity (body condition score [BCS] ≥ 7/9). However, it has increasingly been recognized that lean animals can also be ID. Basal/post prandial hyperinsulinemia is determined using an oral sugar test (OST). ID status may affect investigation outcomes. To ensure non-ID horses were selected for a larger nutrition study, a herd of university horses was screened for ID. Twenty mixed breed, mature horses (mean ± SD; 15.8 ± 5.7 yrs.) with no history of laminitis and were considered clinically healthy with stable BCS ranging from 3.6 to 7.5/9 were screened for ID status based on the 2022 Equine Endocrinology Group Recommendations for Diagnosis and Management of EMS. Morphological measurements were also taken. Except for one horse, the herd had not been on a regimented exercise program for at least 5 mo. Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture before (T0) oral administration of Karo syrup lite (0.15mL/kg), and post-administration at 60 (T60) and 90 (T90) min. Serum was frozen until analysis for glucose and insulin (Antech Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA, USA). Data was analyzed using JMP and level of significance was setat P ≤ 0.05. BCS was not correlated with T0 insulin (R2 = 0.10, P = 0.17) but was correlated with CNS (R2 = 0.69, P < 0.001). Age was not correlated with T0 glucose (R2 = 0.02, P = 0.58) or insulin (R2 = 0.003, P = 0.82). The ID and non-ID populations differed in BCS (mean ± SD; 6.28 ± 1.01 vs 5.51 ± 0.87, respectively; Χ2, P = 0.045, Table 1), but due to considerable overlap in population ranges BCS alone was not sufficient to determine ID or non-ID status. Study limitations included a small sample size. This data supports the practice of using an OST to screen for ID status in potential research horses.

A GRU-CNN Algorithm Leveraging on User Reviews

Personalized recommendation systems learn user preference characteristics by analyzing behavioral data such as ratings and comments generated by users in the Internet, and provide precise recommendations for individual users accordingly. However, in real life, users often conduct group activities like group buying and traveling together. How to recommend for groups has become a heated research topic in recent years. Most existing group recommendation algorithms are recommended for given divided groups by collectively combining the preferences of members in the group. However, in most cases, users’ group properties are fickle. As the results of group detection are decisive to the performance of group recommendation, group detection is particularly important to the group recommendation algorithm. After analyzing problems of existing group recommendation algorithms, this paper proposes the density peak clustering group detection algorithm based on GRU-CNN and the group recommendation algorithm based on the mechanism. With respect to group detection, most of the existing group detection algorithms suffer from certain deficiencies: First, depending solely on the users’ static preference features while ignoring the variation of users’ interest over time when finding the group structure in the network; second, group division based on users’ topic features extracted from reviews is difficult to support further digging of the in-depth features in reviews. To address the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes a density peak clustering group detection algorithm based on CNN-GRU. It would first extract representative keywords in the reviews with LDA topic model, and then model time series information based on GRU attaining users’ dynamic topic features. Coupling with deeper characteristics cored out by CNN, density peak clustering algorithm completes its group detection finally. Experiments on real dataset indicate that the features mined by the fusion depth neural network model effectively capture users’ dynamic preferences, and yield better results of group detection than that of existing algorithms.

Can robots be trustworthy?

Definition of the problemThis article critically addresses the conceptualization of trust in the ethical discussion on artificial intelligence (AI) in the specific context of social robots in care. First, we attempt to define in which respect we can speak of ‘social’ robots and how their ‘social affordances’ affect the human propensity to trust in human–robot interaction. Against this background, we examine the use of the concept of ‘trust’ and ‘trustworthiness’ with respect to the guidelines and recommendations of the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Union.ArgumentsTrust is analyzed as a multidimensional concept and phenomenon that must be primarily understood as departing from trusting as a human functioning and capability. To trust is an essential part of the human basic capability to form relations with others. We further want to discuss the concept of responsivity which has been established in phenomenological research as a foundational structure of the relation between the self and the other. We argue that trust and trusting as a capability is fundamentally responsive and needs responsive others to be realized. An understanding of responsivity is thus crucial to conceptualize trusting in the ethical framework of human flourishing. We apply a phenomenological–anthropological analysis to explore the link between certain qualities of social robots that construct responsiveness and thereby simulate responsivity and the human propensity to trust.ConclusionAgainst this background, we want to critically ask whether the concept of trustworthiness in social human–robot interaction could be misguided because of the limited ethical demands that the constructed responsiveness of social robots is able to answer to.

Treating Bipolar Disorder in Older Adults Tricky, but Manageable

Treating Bipolar Disorder in Older Adults Tricky, but Manageable

Efficacy of 1 Versus 3 Days of Intravenous Amikacin as a Prophylaxis for Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resect Prostate: A Prospective Randomized Trail

Background: The goal of the current study was to investigate the safety of a single dose of IV Amikacin given a period of three days as compared to a single dose of one and two days, when used as a surgical prophylactic antibiotic prior to transurethral prostate resection. Study Design: This was a randomized and prospective study conducted at Urology Department of Niazi Medical &amp; Dental College Sargodha for the duration of six-months from May 2022 to October 2022. Methods: There were 300 men who participated in total and had their prostates transurethral resected (TURP). Three groups, A, B, and C, each with 100 participants, were created randomly from among the participants. The participants will either be assigned at random to receive a single dose of Amikacin that complies with recommendations for groups A, B, and C on days 1, 2, and 3. Follow Up until day 30 following surgery, routinely gathered data from TURP will be the end of the study. Within 60 minutes of the incision, all patients received a single dose of prophylactic antibiotics. Results: The Groups A and B had higher rates of significant bacteriuria than Group C, the intention-to-treat analysis determined that this difference was not statistically significant. The results of a per-protocol analysis were similar. (p=0.88; 0.13). This suggests that postoperative bacteriuria poses a significant risk for the emergence of UTI symptoms (p=o.oo2**). Antibacterial drug resistance has a significant relationship with the progression of infectious complications and was associated with a history of diabetes (95% [CI]]: 0.08-3.11, OR=0.33; p=0.01*) and surgical history and ESBL positivity were indicate infection-related issues (95% [CI]: 1.51-1.86, OR=5.1; p=0.023 and 95% [CI]: 2.55-13.1, OR=4.90; p&lt;0.0001***). Conclusions The Amikacin was safe for surgical prophyaxis in single dose until 3 days as compared to 1 and 2 days because of the incidence of postoperative complication such as UTI reduced. It was greater role to decrease antibiotic resistance. Keyword: Bacterial infection, Urinary tract, Antibiotics.

A novel group recommender system for domain-independent decision support customizing a grouping genetic algorithm

Group formation is a complex task requiring computational support to succeed. In the literature, there has been considerable effort in the development of algorithms for composing groups as well as their evaluation. The most widely used approach is the Genetic Algorithm, as, it can handle numerous variables, generating optimal solutions according to the problem requirements. In this study, a novel genetic algorithm was developed for forming groups using innovative genetic operators, such as a modification of 1-point and 2-point crossover, the gene and the group crossover, to improve its performance and accuracy. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can be characterized as domain-independent, as it allows any input regardless of the domain problem; i.e., whether the groups concern objects, items or people, or whether the field of application is industry, education, healthcare, etc. The grouping genetic algorithm has been evaluated using a dataset from the literature in terms of its settings, showing that the tournament selection is better to be chosen when a quick solution is required, while the introduced gene and group crossover operators are superior to the classic ones. Furthermore, the combination of up to three crossover operators is ideal solution concerning algorithm’s accuracy and execution time. The effectiveness of the algorithm was tested in two grouping cases based on its acceptability. Both the students participated in forming collaborative groups and the professors participated in evaluating the groups of courses created were highly satisfied with the results. The contribution of this research is that it can help the stakeholders achieve an effective grouping using the presented genetic algorithm. In essence, they have the flexibility to execute the genetic algorithm in different contexts as many times as they want until to succeed the preferred output by choosing the number of operators for either greater accuracy or reduced execution time.

Assessment of WHO 07/202 reference material and human serum pools for commutability and for the potential to reduce variability among soluble transferrin receptor assays.

The clinical use of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) as an iron status indicator is hindered by a lack of assay standardization and common reference ranges and decision thresholds. In 2009, the WHO and National Institute for Biological Standards and Controls (NIBSC) released a sTfR reference material (RM), 07/202, for assay standardization; however, a comprehensive, formal commutability study was not conducted. This study evaluated the commutability of WHO 07/202 sTfR RM and human serum pools and the impacts of their use as common calibrators. Commutability was assessed for six different measurement procedures (MPs). Serum pools were prepared according to updated CLSI C37-A procedures (C37) or non-C37 procedures. The study design and analyses were based on Parts 2 and 3 of the 2018 IFCC Commutability in Metrological Traceability Working Group's Recommendations for Commutability Assessment. WHO 07/202 and serum pools were used for instrument/assay and mathematical recalibration, respectively, to determine if their use decreases inter-assay measurement variability for clinical samples. The WHO 07/202 RM dilutions were commutable for all 6MPs assessed and, when used for instrument calibration, decreased inter-assay variability from 208 to 55.7 %. Non-C37 and C37 serum pools were commutable for all 6MPs assessed and decreased inter-assay variability from 208 to 13.8 % and 4.6 %, respectively, when used for mathematical recalibration. All materials evaluated, when used as common calibrators, substantially decreased inter-assay sTfR measurement variability. MP calibration to non-C37 and C37 serum pools may reduce the sTfR IMPBR to a greater extent than WHO 07/202 RM.

A mixed methods evaluation of a compassion‐focused therapy group intervention for people with an intellectual disability

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the use of a Compassion‐Focused Therapy (CFT) group as a psychological intervention for a group of adults with an intellectual disability with a range of psychological issues.MethodFour clients attended the group, which was facilitated by three trainee Clinical Psychologists. The group consisted of 8 weekly sessions.FindingsStandardised outcome measures showed an increase in psychological well‐being and self‐compassion for all participants postintervention. Two participants showed an increase in psychological distress, while two participants reported decreases in this area. Scores on measures of self‐criticism fell for two participants, increased for one participant and showed no change for one participant. Qualitative interviews were conducted with postgroup with all group members (clients and facilitators). Thematic analysis identified two superordinate themes relating to the accessibility of the group content, and interpersonal aspects of the group.ConclusionThe results suggest that clients enjoyed and benefitted from the group. Challenges, such as lack of carer involvement, were identified, and recommendations for future CFT groups are made.

The Role of Molecular Imaging in Patients with Brain Metastases: A Literature Review.

Over the last several years, molecular imaging has gained a primary role in the evaluation of patients with brain metastases (BM). Therefore, the "Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology" (RANO) group recommends amino acid radiotracers for the assessment of BM. Our review summarizes the current use of positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers in patients with BM, ranging from present to future perspectives with new PET radiotracers, including the role of radiomics and potential theranostics approaches. A comprehensive search of PubMed results was conducted. All studies published in English up to and including December 2022 were reviewed. Current evidence confirms the important role of amino acid PET radiotracers for the delineation of BM extension, for the assessment of response to therapy, and particularly for the differentiation between tumor progression and radionecrosis. The newer radiotracers explore non-invasively different biological tumor processes, although more consistent findings in larger clinical trials are necessary to confirm preliminary results. Our review illustrates the role of molecular imaging in patients with BM. Along with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the gold standard for diagnosis of BM, PET is a useful complementary technique for processes that otherwise cannot be obtained from anatomical MRI alone.

Defining myocardial infarction in trials of people receiving hemodialysis: consensus report from the SONG-HD MI Expert Working group

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients receiving hemodialysis. Currently, there is no standardized definition of myocardial infarction (MI) for patients receiving hemodialysis. Through an international consensus process MI was established as the core CVD measure for this population in clinical trials. The Standardised Outcomes in Nephrology Group-Hemodialysis (SONG-HD) initiative convened a multidisciplinary, international working group to address the definition of MI in this population. On the basis of current evidence, the working group recommends using the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction with specific caveats with regard to the interpretation of "ischemic symptoms" and performing a baseline 12-lead electrocardiogram to facilitate interpretation of acute changes on subsequent tracings. The working group does not recommend obtaining baseline cardiac troponin values, though does recommend obtaining serial cardiac biomarkers in settings where ischemia is suspected. The application of an evidence-based uniform definition should increase the reliability and accuracy of trial results.

Pushing (for) GOLD

In this issue of the European Respiratory Journal , Agustí et al. [1] present the Executive Summary of the updated Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report for 2023. The updated report includes a number of important changes to the group's recommendations for the diagnosis, assessment and treatment of COPD that have immediate relevance for the practising clinician. The current changes might also represent the most consequential shift in overall strategy since GOLD's inception, and the report follows on the heels of a number of provocative publications suggesting new approaches to the definition and nomenclature of stable COPD [2] and exacerbations [3, 4], as well as a wholesale rethinking of the disease [5]. GOLD 2023: key updates and potential missed opportunities <https://bit.ly/42egTLx>

349 Translation of novel multidisciplinary health technologies in the Ontario healthcare system: A case study of pharmacogenomic testing

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: There is a need for high-quality and efficient translation of health technologies in the Ontario healthcare system. The goal of this project is to understand the decision-making processes of government expert groups developing recommendations for the system-level implementation of pharmacogenomic testing. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This prospective observational case study includes the Ontario Health Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Working Group focused on developing recommendations for a PGx testing implementation strategy in the province. Ontario Health is the government agency that oversees provincial healthcare planning and service delivery. Using qualitative ethnographic methods, we will observe and document the working group’s activities over a 10-month period. Data collection involves meeting recordings, correspondences, researcher field notes, decision-making processes, and group characteristics. Using descriptive statistics and inductive qualitative analyses, the data will be examined to build theory and frameworks for knowledge translation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The results will be presented through a case report, process maps, decision milestones, visualizations, and procedural recommendations for future expert groups. This study will contribute to the body of foundational knowledge about translational sciences and support the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences’guiding principles. To enhance translational processes and train the future translational workforce, this research can be used for educational initiatives. In addition, the observed processes will inform a theory about how expert recommendations are developed in public healthcare systems. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This research addresses a current gap in understanding around translational processes, government decision-making, and the development of recommendations for the adoption, implementation, and dissemination of the novel health technologies transforming public healthcare in Canada.

Deep learning-based precise prediction and early detection of radiation-induced temporal lobe injury for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (TLI) can regress or resolve in the early phase, but it is irreversible at a later stage. However, no study has proposed a risk-based follow-up schedule for its early detection. Planning evaluation is difficult when dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters are similar and optimization is terminated. This multicenter retrospective study included 6065 patients between 2014 and 2018. A 3D ResNet-based deep learning model was developed in training and validation cohorts and independently tested using concordance index in internal and external test cohorts. Accordingly, the patients were stratified into risk groups, and the model-predicted risks were used to develop risk-based follow-up schedules. The schedule was compared with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) recommendation (every 3 months during the first 2 years and every 6 months in 3-5 years). Additionally, the model was used to evaluate plans with similar DVH parameters. Our model achieved concordance indexes of 0.831, 0.818, and 0.804, respectively, which outperformed conventional prediction models (all P<0.001). The temporal lobes in all the cohorts were stratified into three groups with discrepant TLI-free survival. Personalized follow-up schedules developed for each risk group could detect TLI 1.9 months earlier than the RTOG recommendation. According to a higher median predicted 3-year TLI-free survival (99.25% vs. 99.15%, P<0.001), the model identified a better plan than previous models. The deep learning model predicted TLI more precisely. The model-determined risk-based follow-up schedule detected the TLI earlier. The planning evaluation was refined because the model identified a better plan with a lower risk of TLI. The Sun Yat-sen University Clinical Research 5010 Program (2015020), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2022A1515110356), Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (A2022367), and Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (2023A04J1788).

Consent for determination of death by neurologic criteria in Canada: an analysis of legal and ethical authorities, and consensus-based working group recommendations

This article addresses the following question: should physicians obtain consent from the patient (through an advance directive) or their surrogate decision-maker to perform the assessments, evaluations, or tests necessary to determine whether death has occurred according to neurologic criteria? While legal bodies have not yet provided a definitive answer, significant legal and ethical authority holds that clinicians are not required to obtain family consent before making a death determination by neurologic criteria. There is a near consensus among available professional guidelines, statutes, and court decisions. Moreover, prevailing practice does not require consent to test for brain death. While arguments for requiring consent have some validity, proponents cannot surmount weightier considerations against imposing a consent requirement. Nevertheless, even though clinicians and hospitals may not be legally required to obtain consent, they should still notify families about their intent to determine death by neurologic criteria and offer temporary reasonable accommodations when feasible. This article was developed with the legal/ethics working group of the project, A Brain-Based Definition of Death and Criteria for its Determination After Arrest of Circulation or Neurologic Function in Canada developed in collaboration with the Canadian Critical Care Society, Canadian Blood Services, and the Canadian Medical Association. The article is meant to provide support and context for this project and is not intended to specifically advise physicians on legal risk, which in any event is likely jurisdiction dependent because of provincial or territorial variation in the laws. The article first reviews and analyzes ethical and legal authorities. It then offers consensus-based recommendations regarding consent for determination of death by neurologic criteria in Canada.

Implementation of Post-Accreditation Administration and Management Group Recommendations at Candimulyo Health Center

&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The implementation of the recommendations is a continuous improvement effort in improving the quality of Public Health Center services and is related to the strategy for increasing accreditation status. However, a preliminary study in Magelang District showed that the implementation of the follow-up recommendations given by the surveyor to the administration and management group was only carried out by the Candimulyo Health Center. This study aims to analyze the implementation of recommendations in the post-accreditation Administration and Management group at the Candimulyo Health Center, Magelang Regency. This research is a qualitative research with a case study research design. This research started from August to October 2022. There were 6 informants in this study consisting of the Head of the Public Health Center, the Admen in Charge, the Head of Quality and the Admen Team Members as the main informants. Data collection techniques in this study are in-depth interviews. Data validation uses source triangulation with informant triangulation. Analysis of the research data is data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that only 28% of the recommendations had been implemented. The administration and management team already exists but there are no standards regarding post-accreditation activities, no specific planning and no monitoring and evaluation mechanism. The implementation of the recommendations at the Candimulyo Health Center has not been optimal because there is no specific plan regarding follow-up and support from the health office through monitoring and evaluation. Further research is needed on factors related to the non-implementation of post-accreditation monitoring and evaluation at the health office level. it is advisable to make reference to post-assessment accreditation activities including planning for the implementation of recommendations. and it is advisable to develop a policy mechanism for monitoring the implementation of recommendations.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Accreditation, Quality, Recommendation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

The Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians' Expert Group Recommendations regarding adolescent pregnancy.

The Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians' Expert Group Recommendations regarding adolescent pregnancy.

Dietary Patterns of Competitive Swimmers with Moderate-to-Severe Cerebral Palsy: A 3-Year Longitudinal Evaluation.

To evaluate the longitudinal dietary patterns of three adolescents with moderate-to-severe cerebral palsy (CP) participating in a performance-focused swimming training intervention. Participants were three previously inactive adolescents with CP (15-16 years, GMFCS IV) who had recently (<6 months) enrolled in a swimming training program. Diet quality from diet histories was calculated at 10-time points over 3.25 years using the Dietary Guidelines Index for Children and Adolescents (DGI-CA) and the Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults (HEIFA-2013). A food group analysis was compared to the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating recommendations. Trends were considered in the context of dietary advice given and the training load. Longitudinal diet quality scores were consistent and ranged from 40 to 76 (DGI-CA) and 33 to 79 (HEIFA-2013). Food group intake remained stable; participants rarely met the recommendations for fruit, vegetables, dairy, grain, and meat but frequently achieved discretionary serves. Participants with moderate-to-severe CP who were enrolled in a performance-focused swimming training intervention and were monitored frequently maintained diet quality throughout a period where it conventionally declined. Scores were higher than the general population and were maintained irrespective of the training load. Participants frequently met food group recommendations for discretionary foods and were comparable to the general population for other food groups.