Evaluation Of Groundwater Quality Research Articles

Groundwater quality evaluation and human health risks assessment using the WQI, NPI and HQnitrate models: case of the Sfax intermediate aquifer, Sahel Tunisia.

Groundwater is a vital natural resource required to satisfy the domestic and agricultural needs. In general, human health is linked to the quality of the consumed water. For instance, long-term exposure to high nitrate levels in groundwater may cause problems. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the nitrate contamination of groundwater as well as its related health risks for the inhabitants of the Sfax region, Sahel Tunisia. Irrigation groundwater suitability has been evaluated with sodium content (%Na), electrical conductivity (EC), magnesium hazard (MH), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), permeability index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR) and soluble sodium percent (SSP). The results indicate that the selected groundwater is characterized by low to moderate quality for irrigation. Furthermore, the drinking water quality index (DWQI) was assessed using potential of hydrogen (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO42-), potassium (K+), bicarbonate (HCO3-) and nitrate (NO3-). The results indicate that 3.63% of samples have good quality of water, while 41.82% have poor to very poor water quality and the rest (54.55%) are unfit for drinking. The nitrate pollution index (NPI) model revealed that about 42% of the samples present significant to very significant type of pollution. Based on human health risk assessment, the children are at higher risks compared to the other affected groups. The obtained results could be used as a basic document for realistic management of groundwater quality and to provide an overview for decision-making authorities to take necessary actions.

Using of geographical information system and water quality index for evaluation of groundwater quality in the Dammam Zone, Faddak farm, Karbala, Iraq

This study aims to evaluate the groundwater quality for irrigation purpose in the Dammam formation, Faddak farm, Karbala governorate. Set of physical and chemical parameters included the concentrations of cations and anions were measured in the water samples taken from seven wells in the region under consideration. Results have been analyzed with aid of geographical information system (GIS) by application of “Inverse Distance Weighted, IDW” interpolation method. The plotted maps proved that the groundwater in the study area can classify as “slightly brackish water” because the total dissolved salts ranged from 1000 to 300 mg/L. Also, the sulfate and chloride ions have relatively very high values with arrangement of cations of Na+ > Ca2+ > K+ > Mg2+ and anions of SO42- > Cl-> HCO3-> NO3-. The calculated values of Irrigation water quality index (IWQI) was greater than zero and less than 40; so, the water can identify as “severe restriction, SR”. Therefore, this water can’t be used for irrigation purpose and can be applied only for the soil with high hydraulic conductivity which popular property for study area.

Groundwater quality evaluation for irrigation, Modjo River catchment, a wash basin, Central Ethiopia

Irrigated agriculture is dependent on an adequate water supply of usable quality. Water containing impurities, which are injurious to plant growth, are not satisfactory for irrigation. Water quality for agricultural purposes is determined on the basis of the effects of the water on the quality and yield of the crops, as well as the effects on drainage efficiency and characteristic changes in the soil [16]. This study aims to assess the quality of groundwater in Modjo river catchment for irrigation. Hence, the groundwater samples were collected from well and borehole situated at different site within the catchment to analyze for necessary parameters. Consequently, in-situ measurements such as; EC, pH and TDS were carried out in the field inventory using portable ( pH) meters, whereas major ions are analyzed in Sinana Agricultural Research Center Soil laboratory. The chemical analysis of the samples shows that Na-Ca-HCO3 water type in the recharge area, intermediate water type Ca-Mg-Na HCO3 in northern and central part of the area and Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type towards the east of the subbasin. Most of the water in the study area is clustered as Calcium-Sodium-Magnesium-Bicarbonate type, which is characterized by a high concentration of HCO3 and Ca. Generally water quality analysis shows that as the concentrations in the water sample is below the maximum allowable limits for irrigation (i.e.EC<2000 µS/cm and SAR<9) and therefore the groundwater could be used safely for irrigation.

Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Human Consumption and Irrigation in Relation to Arsenic Concentration in Flow Systems in a Semi-Arid Mexican Region.

The supply of drinking water to the population is an important challenge facing humanity, since both surface and underground sources present a great variability of water storage with respect to space and time. This problem is further aggravated in arid and semi-arid areas where rainfall is low and torrential, which makes groundwater the main source of supply; therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies that allow evaluating the evolution of the quantity and quality of water. This study addresses the behavior of groundwater in a semi-arid region, considering the theory of flow systems to identify movement as well as water quality, es determined by a water quality index (WQI), calculated considering arsenic and fluorine. In addition, a quality irrigation classification is used, employing the norms in accordance with international standards and the Mexican Norm, which allows for a comparison. Local, regional, intermediate and mixed flow systems are identified, and the evolution of cations and anions in addition to temperature is examined. It is observed that the drinking water quality index classifies them as excellent in most of the monitored wells (<50), but with a negative evolution. Regarding irrigation, most of the water samples are classified without restriction for the establishment of any type II crop (C2S1) and with restrictions for horticultural crops. It is observed that arsenic had values between 0.49 and 61.40 (µg/L) in 2005, while in 2015 they were between 0.10 and 241.30 (µg/L). In addition, fluoride presented values between 0.00 and 2.6 (mg/L) in 2005, while in 2015 they were between 0.28 and 5.40 (mg/L). The correlations between arsenic and fluorine are noted as well as WQI and SAR. A finding in this research was to include arsenic and fluorine in the calculation of the WQI allowing a better interpretation of the quality of water for both human consumption and for agricultural use to based on this make the best decision to control any harmful effects for the population, in addition to identifying the appropriate purification treatment required to control pollutants. It is concluded that arsenic is an element of utmost importance when considering water quality, so it is necessary to examine its evolution and continue to monitor its levels constantly.

Evaluation of Soil and Groundwater Quality at the New Georgia Open Dumpsite in Caldwell, Liberia

Leaching emanating from municipal solid waste dumpsite is one of the major causes of soil and groundwater contamination. This study was conducted to determine the extent to which the open dumpsite in New Georgia, Liberia has impacted soil and groundwater quality in the vicinity and recommend strategy to reduce those impacts where quality issues are critical.

New Composite Sorbent for Removal of Sulfate Ions from Simulated and Real Groundwater in the Batch and Continuous Tests.

The evaluation of groundwater quality in the Dammam formation, Faddak farm, Karbala Governorate, Iraq proved that the sulfate (SO42−) concentrations have high values; so, this water is not suitable for livestock, poultry and irrigation purposes. For reclamation of this water, manufacturing of new sorbent for permeable reactive barrier was required through precipitation of Mg and Fe hydroxides nanoparticles on the activated carbon (AC) surface with best Mg/Fe molar ratio of 7.5/2.5. Mixture of 50% coated AC and 50% scrap iron was applied to eliminate SO42− from contaminated water with efficiency of 59% and maximum capacity of adsorption equals to 9.5 mg/g for a time period of 1 h, sorbent dosage 40 g/L, and initial pH = 5 at 50 mg/L initial SO42− concentration and 200 rpm shaking speed. Characterization analyses certified that the plantation of Mg and Fe nanoparticles onto AC was achieved. Continuous tests showed that the longevity of composite sorbent is increased with thicker bed and lower influent concentration and flow rate. Computer solution (COMSOL) software was well simulated for continuous measurements. The reclamation of real contaminated groundwater was achieved in column set-up with efficiency of 70% when flow rate was 5 mL/min, bed depth was 50 cm and inlet SO42− concentration was 2301 mg/L.

Groundwater quality evaluation of the alluvial aquifers using GIS and water quality indices in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia

Groundwater (GW), which contributes to the quality of life, economic development, improved food security, and rural society stability, is essential to improving rural water supply access and quality. Given its multi-purpose uses, GW quality has been degraded and polluted by global climate change, population growth, human activities, land use land cover (LULC) transition. GW quality, therefore, should be evaluated and tracked continuously to secure its multi-purpose uses. Herein, this study aims to assess the shallow GW standard using water quality indices (WQI) and GIS techniques in the northwestern boundary of Lake Tana, Upper Blue Nile (UBN) of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The water samples were collected from 30 sites, and physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC) were measured in situ. Calcium (Ca+), magnesium (Mg+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chlorine (Cl−), sulphate (SO4−2), nitrate (NO−3), bicarbonate (HCO3−), carbonate (CO3−2) concentraions were determined. Irrigation water quality indices, including sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium soluble percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), Kelley's ratio (KR), and Na% were calculated. The results show that EC (46.7%), SAR (97%), KR (53%), SSP (53.3%) MH (100%) and Na+ (50%) are suitable for irrigation. The overall WQI for drinking purposes ranges from 46 to 67.5, which confirms that 22%, 38.8%, and 39.2% of samples fall under very good, good, and poor quality, respectively. The hydrochemical facies indicated that, the dominant water type (43% of samples) is type-III (Na-K-Cl-SO4) and mixed type. Most shallow wells near Lake Tana are unsuitable for drinking purpose. Further, the government should monitor contamination sources, including agricultural activities, domestic wastes and landfills for sustainable GW quality.

Groundwater quality evaluation using Water Quality Index and GIS technique for the Holocene and Pleistocene aquifers in the coastal zone of Ninh Thuan province

This study represents the application of the Water Quality Indices (WQI) and GIS techniques to grading water pollution and the factors that influenced the groundwater quality of the Holocene (qh) and Pleistocene (qp) aquifers in the coastal zone of Ninh Thuan province. 100 underground water samples were collected from residential water well of qh aquifer (53 samples) and qp aquifer (47 samples). Water quality indices using in the study incorporated total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl-), flouride (F-), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), iron (Fe3+), manganese (Mn2+). Calculated WQI grading scale for the groundwater quality of the 100 water samples ranged from very good to inedible for drinking purpose. The result shown the water sample graded as “excellent water quality” accounted the most (23,3% and 14,9% for the qh and qp aquifer, respectively), the followings were “good water quality” grade ranked the second (9,4% and 8,5%); “poor water quality” grade (43,4% and 30,04%); “very poor water quality” grade (1,89% and 10,64%); and “inedible” grade (16,98% and 31,9%). Water samples graded as “very poor” and “inedible” were mostly distributed on the southeast of Ninh Hai district and Tri Hai commune (Ninh Hai district), Xuan Hai and Cong Hai communes (Thuan Bac district), Phuoc Thuan (Ninh Phuoc district) of the qh aquifer, and to the south of study area of the qp aquifer because of the exceptionally high TDS. Other samples which were low on TDS but graded “bad” due to surprisingly high concentrations of other ions (Cl-, NO3-, NO2-). The result provided concreted information on the polluted agents in groundwater and a valuable tool to support authorities in management and zoning groundwater quality of the study area.

Assessment of Groundwater Quality beneath Agriculturally Advanced Region of Northern Alluvial Plain, India

In the present study, groundwater suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes was analyzed in the alluvial aquifers of the Bist-Doab region of Punjab, India, using various indices such as WQI, WAWQI, MCDA, RSC, SAR, PI, %Na, KR, MH, PS, K, and Ka. Since it is difficult to assess the suitability of groundwater for irrigation based on various indices individually, a composite groundwater quality index for irrigation (CGQII) was used in the study which transforms nine indices to a single value for each sample. Results reveal that the groundwater of a few blocks was found unsuitable for domestic use due to chemical leaching from fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural and industrial wastes. Whereas, the groundwater of mainly southwestern parts was found unsuitable for irrigation due to long-term water accumulation in aquifers and continuous use of sodium-ion-rich groundwater. The findings conclude that anthropogenic activities have played a significant role in making groundwater unfit for domestic and irrigation purposes in the study area. The present study also emphasizes continuous monitoring and evaluation of groundwater quality, which will help in strategic planning and management for the conservation of groundwater resources in the region.

Shallow Groundwater Quality and Human Health Risk Assessment in Holte, a Town in Southern Ethiopia

Groundwater quality and human health risk assessment are critical for the long-term usage of household water supplies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate groundwater quality and human health risk in Holte, a town in the Derashe Special Woreda in southern Ethiopia. Water samples from seven shallow groundwater wells were taken and examined for hydrogeochemical properties. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was developed to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking. Groundwater hydrochemistry types and evolutionary processes were investigated. The results suggested that the typical pH of groundwater samples had an average pH of 7.99. The values of electrical conductivity (EC), bicarbonate (HCO3) and total dissolved solid (TDS) in all samples were above the recommended upper limit of World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water. Based on the hydrochemical findings, the orders of cationic abundance and anionic abundance in the groundwater were Ca²⁺ &lt; Mg²⁺ &lt; K⁺ &lt; Na⁺ and F⁻ &lt; SO₄²⁻ &lt; Cl⁻ &lt; HCO₃⁻, respectively. According to the Piper Tri-linear Diagram, the majority of groundwater samples were found to have Mixed Ca-Na-HCO3. The Gibbs fields results showed that evaporation dominated groundwater quality, whereas chemical weathering of rock-forming minerals dominated the remaining samples. The calculated WQI result showed that 57.1% (4 handpumps) of groundwater samples from the town had acceptable water quality, but 42.9% (3 handpumps) had poor water quality. The finding of this study suggests that groundwater quality parameters should be tested and monitored on handpumps at sample locations 1, 2, and 3 in the town to minimize human health risks and ensure long-term socioeconomic development.

Spatial and temporal assessment of groundwater quality and hydrogeochemical processes in Urmia Lake Basin, Iran

Abstract The evaluation of groundwater quality and geochemistry have an important role in the management of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. In the present study, the spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater quality and hydrogeochemical processes, as well as, statistical analyses in the Azarshahr and Ajabshir plains located in the Urmia Lake basin were investigated. The results revealed that within six years (from 2014 to 2019), the value of total hardness was higher than the permissible level and the quality of groundwater for drinking was very hard and fresh in both plains. In 2019, 84 and 67% of the samples fell within the range of good to poor groundwater quality in the Azarshahr and Ajabshir plains, respectively. The temporal assessment with the help of water quality index values for both plains revealed a good groundwater quality for the Azarshahr plain and a good to poor groundwater quality for the Ajabshir plain. However, deterioration of water quality was observed in both plains from 2014 to 2019. The level of water quality for irrigation was better in the Azarshahr plain than in the Ajabshir plain, due to the presence of fewer salty sites. In addition, Ca–Mg–HCO3 and rock dominance were identified as hydrochemical facies and the controlling factor in the groundwater of both plains, respectively. Multivariate statistical analyses indicated both natural and anthropogenic sources (such as weathering, fertilizers, and wastewater) for hydrochemical parameters. It was suggested to develop a comprehensive regulation to control the entry of pollutants into the groundwater of the study area.

Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for the Intent of Irrigation

Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for the Intent of Irrigation

Evaluation of groundwater quality in central Saudi Arabia using hydrogeochemical characteristics and pollution indices.

The groundwater quality and heavy metal (HM) contamination were evaluated in palm farms, central Saudi Arabia, using pollution indices, irrigation quality parameters, and multivariate statistical analyses. Thirty groundwater samples were collected in October 2020 for major anions, cations, and HMs analyses and interpretation. The results showed that the average concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-, and F- were greater than the permissible limits of the WHO standards for drinking water. The groundwater facies types were Ca-Na-SO4-Cl (23 samples), Ca-Cl-SO4, (4 samples), and Ca-SO4-Cl type (3 samples). The groundwater quality index indicated that 15 groundwater samples were of good quality and 15 were of poor quality, whereas the metal index and heavy metal pollution index indicated that all samples were categorized as slightly affected and with low pollution, respectively. The variation is attributed to the increasing average concentrations of some ions and decreasing HMs. The dissolution/precipitation of silicates, gypsum, and carbonates and soil leaching were the natural factors affecting groundwater chemistry, whereas higher PO43-, NO3-, F-, Pb, and Zn values in some samples may be attributed to human activities from the extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides on the investigated farms.

Evaluation of groundwater quality in Jampali coal mine, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India

AbstractGroundwater is the main source of water for drinking, industrial, and irrigation uses for most nations. Groundwater quality deterioration occurs due to urban, agricultural, mining, and industrial expansions. This research deals with the assessment of groundwater quality index, correlation, clustering analysis, and major ions chemistry around Jampali opencast coal mine of Raigarh district, Chhattisgarh, India, where groundwater is the main source of drinking water. A total of 28 groundwater samples were collected from the different stations in the month of April 2019 and 11 physicochemical parameters were examined. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that cation abundance follows the order Na+ &gt; K+ &gt; Mg2+ &gt; Ca2+ in the groundwater, while anion abundance follows the order Cl− &gt; NO3− &gt; SO42− &gt; F−. A strong positive correlation is observed between TDS–EC, TDS–Mg2+, TDS–Na+, TDS–Cl−, TDS–SO42− (r = 0.999, 0.871, 0.872, 0.846, and 0.801) and EC–Mg2+, EC–Na+, EC–Cl−, EC–SO42− (r = 0.871, 0.873, 0.846, 0.802). The two clusters demonstrate a blended genesis connected to anthropogenic and geogenic measures. Based on calculated water quality index (WQI) values, groundwater falls under two classes: excellent and good water. WQI values of the study region depict that 85.72% of samples come under the excellent category and 14.28% in the good category.

Salinization of groundwater under desert reclamation stress at Qena region, Egypt

The scarcity of water resources with increasing demand made the evaluation of groundwater quality an urgent matter. Thus statistical analyses and hydrochemical models were conducted on 111 wells sampled from Pleistocene aquifer at Qena Governorate. Multivariate statistics revealed mixed processes affecting groundwater chemistry. Such processes expressed in terms of four rotated factors; these are mineralization (salinization), anthropogenic surface recharge, dissolution of ferromagnesian minerals, and oxidation factor. Aquifer salinization is evidenced by a lateral change in the basic hydrochemical characteristics from low mineralized Ca–HCO3, Mg–HCO3, and Na–HCO3 water types to highly mineralized Ca–Cl, Mg–Cl, and Na–Cl facies. Chloride-water species are associated with high-impact areas of chloride-rich sediments (dissolution of overlain saline sediments and marine Pliocene clay underneath). Piper diagram indicates desert wells are dominantly affected by saltwater intrusion from deep aquifers along fault planes under over-pumping. On other hand, shallow wells are the most affected by surface activities. Likewise, wells located in the vicinity of the industrial zone and sites of wastewater disposal. This raises questions about desert reclamation strategy and its impact on groundwater quality; hence this approach can be used as a basic tool for reviewing desert reclamation management strategies. CapsuleQuaternary freshwater aquifer in Egypt was exposed to salinization under desert reclamation, via dissolution of marine deposits and intrusion from deeper aquifers.

Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Virudhunagar Taluk, Tamil Nadu, India by using Statistical Methods and GIS Technique

Abstract In the present study, twenty water samples were collected during pre-monsoon (June 2017) and post-monsoon (December 2017) seasons. The water samples were analyzed to determine various chemical parameters like chloride, fluoride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate. During pre-monsoon (PRM) and post-monsoon (POM) the order of dominance of anion in the water samples are HCO3-&amp;gt; TDS &amp;gt; Cl-&amp;gt; SO42-&amp;gt; TH &amp;gt; NO3-&amp;gt; F-&amp;gt; PO4- and TDS &amp;gt;HCO3-&amp;gt;SO42-&amp;gt;Cl-&amp;gt; TH &amp;gt;NO3-&amp;gt;F-&amp;gt;PO4-, respectively. The order of dominance of cations are Na+&amp;gt; Ca2+&amp;gt; Mg2+&amp;gt; K+ in both the seasons. The irrigation water quality was determined using the parameters such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), Kelly’s ratio (KR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), potential salinity (PS), permeability index (PI), sodium percentage (SP), magnesium hazard, calcium to magnesium molar ratio. The groundwater’s geochemical control and hydrogeochemistry were evaluated using the Piper, Chadha, scatter and Gibbs plots. This study reveals that groundwater quality is unfit for drinking purposes at a few places in the study area.

Evaluation and variation trend of groundwater quality in the area around Poyang Lake

Aiming to study the current situation and variation trend of groundwater quality in the area around Poyang Lake, the single factor index method was used to systematically analyze 19 indicators of 242 groundwater samples in the study area. Results showed that the overall quality of groundwater in the area around Poyang Lake is poor, with Type III water accounting for 19.01 %, Type IV water accounting for 36.36 % and Type V water accounting for 44.63 %, without Type I and Type II water. The Ammonia Nitrogen index of groundwater in Poyang Lake showed a trend of improvement. The Nitrate and Sulfate index showed a trend of deterioration year by year, on the contrary. And the Hardness, Mineralization degree, Oxygen Consumption and Chloride index showed a trend of stability year by year.

Groundwater Quality Studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Prevalent Research and Management Dimensions

Groundwater is a valuable resource because it is widely used for drinking, and for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Globally, Saudi Arabia is known to be one of the driest regions with scarce water resources. The shallow groundwater near the major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is becoming polluted because of industrial effluent discharge, use of fertilizers in agriculture and domestic sewerage in the region. This review tries to focus on groundwater quality problems due to anthropogenic or geogenic sources in the region of Saudi Arabia. In this paper, we focus on different water-quality variables, for groundwater quality evaluation and aquifer vulnerability assessment due to pollutants/contaminants present in groundwater. The current study gives a holistic understanding of different groundwater quality problems and therefore identifies the gaps of the previous studies and identifies the viewpoints of the future research dimensions. We describe the different groundwater quality problems related to toxicities of the fluoride, nitrate, and heavy metals and radionuclides in Saudi Arabia. A majority of the groundwater pollutants are of natural origin, but there is significant wastewater effluent discharge in the region that is also responsible for contamination of aquifers with heavy metals.

Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Mando and Rigasa Areas, Kaduna, Northwestern Nigeria

Abstract The quality of groundwater from twenty (20) hand-dug wells around the Mando and Rigasa areas, Northwestern Nigeria was evaluated in this study. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, TDS, temperature, Na+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Cl-, HCO3 -, NO3 -, SO4 2- and faecal coliform count were analysed. The degree of compliance of the various parameters with international guidelines for drinking water quality were determined and the groundwater classified. Comparison of the results of physico-chemical analysis with the NSDWQ and WHO guidelines revealed that most of the parameters in the groundwater had 100 % compliance except for pH, Mg2+, NO3 -, K+ and Fe2+ with percentage compliance of 80, 90, 75, 70 and 40, respectively. This indicates that some of the groundwater samples are not suitable for drinking purpose. Groundwater quality map based on the Water Quality Index values for the various groundwater sample showed that most parts of the study area have excellent groundwater quality. The faecal coliform bacteria count ranged from 0 CFU/100 ml to too numerous to count. Only two (2) groundwater samples (10%) complied with the 0 CFU/100 ml guidelines of the NSDWQ and WHO, while the rest eighteen (18) groundwater samples (90 %) have faecal coliform bacteria count above the recommended value. Most of the groundwater samples are not suitable for drinking based on the faecal coliform count. The groundwater samples are suitable for agricultural purposes based on the SAR, RSC and PI classifications. The groundwater in the study area is dominated by Na-Cl and CaHCO3- type facies water.

Groundwater Quality Evaluation of the Dawu Water Source Area Based on Water Quality Index (WQI): Comparison between Delphi Method and Multivariate Statistical Analysis Method

Water quality in the Dawu water source area is primarily studied through the traditional water quality assessment method that measures the chemical parameters of water against the existing standards, which is simple but cannot accurately describe the water quality. Although the water quality index (WQI) proposed by Horton is widely used for comprehensive water quality evaluation, parameter selection and weight determination are primarily based on the Delphi method, which is subjective and random. Moreover, in groundwater evaluation, the focus is primarily laid on general chemical parameters, such as Total Dissolved Solids, hydrogen ion concentration, Electrical Conductivity, and heavy metals, such as Hydrargyrum, Arsenic, and Chromium, with limited consideration for organic pollutants. In this study, WQI technology in combination with the entropy weight method was used to evaluate the groundwater environmental quality of the Dawu water source area, and the scientific results were analyzed by comparing the full index, Delphi, and multivariate statistical analysis methods. The results showed that the groundwater in the Dawu water source area generally had good quality and was potable and that the application of multivariate statistical analysis method was more suitable than the Delphi method in the index selection process.