Green Synthesis Of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Research Articles

Green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis and up-regulate HOTAIR and HOTTIP in pancreatic cancer cells.

Aim: Cu2O nanoparticles were synthesized using an extract from S. latifolium algae (SLCu2O NPs). Their effect on PANC-1 cells and the expression of two drug resistance-related lncRNAs were evaluated in comparison with Arsenic trioxide. Materials & methods: SLCu2O NPs were characterized using XRD, SEM, and TEM microscopies. The effects of SLCu2O NPs on cell cytotoxicity, cell cycle, and apoptosis, and expression of two drug resistance-related lncRNAs were examined using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR, respectively. Results: SLCu2O NPs demonstrated anti-cancer properties against PANC-1 cells comparable to Arsenic trioxide, and the expression of lncRNAs increased upon treatment with them. Conclusion: SLCu2O NPs demonstrate anti-cancer properties against PANC-1 cells; however, using gene silencing strategies along with SLCu2O NPs is suggested.

Adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by using green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles

Metal nanoparticles can be synthesized by “green synthesis” methods, an efficient and environmentally friendly process that involves combination of metal salt solution with plant extract. Due to low cost, ideal surface area, plenty of active sites, and high adsorption capabilities, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) have drawn a lot of attention as effective adsorbents. Our present study is primarily concerned about green synthesis route of producing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) from flower extract of Nyctanthesarbor-tristis. The prepared CuO-NPs was used in the adsorption of toxic metal ions including U(VI), Pb(II), Cr(VI), and Cd(II) from water samples was studied. Different analytical techniques like UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy has been used for analyzing the properties of prepared copper oxide nanoparticles. A batch experiment has also been conducted to determine the efficacy of the synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles toward the adsorption of toxic metal ions including U(VI), Pb(II), Cr(VI), and Cd(II) from water samples at various parameters, such as the impact of pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage. According to the results, the adsorption capacity (qmax) of CuO-NPs for U(VI), Pb(II), Cr(VI), and Cd(II) metal ions are 200, 155.27, 131.57 and 90.90 respectively. The kinetic studies showed that the pseudo-second order kinetics model has best fits to the data (R2= 0.85, 0.91, 0.89, 0.92 for U(VI), Pb(II), Cr(VI), and Cd(II) respectively. The study also included pseudo-first order, Elovich models and intra particle diffusion. In light of these findings, copper oxide nanoparticles were found to be a promising nano-adsorbent for the treatment of water.

Application of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for effective mitigation of Fusarium wilt disease in roots of Cicerarietinum

The study investigated the impact of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) on Fusarium wilt in chickpea. CuONPs, synthesized using coffee powder, were subjected to washing and sonication using Milli-Q water as the solvent during the purification process. Subsequently the nanoparticles were characterized through UV–vis spectroscopy, DLS, Zeta Potential and FTIR analysis. The NPs exhibited a size range of 85–100 nm with a zeta potential of −25.3 mV. Seven days old chickpea seedlings treated with different concentrations of CuONP (10, 25, 50 ppm) via root immersion showed a significant reduction in Fusarium infection severity. Treatment with 10 and 25 ppm CuONPs led to a remarkable 74.5% and 50% decrease in wilt incidence, along with increased root and shoot length, protein, tannin, phenolics, and flavonoid content in chickpea seedlings, grown in Fusarium infected soil. Enzyme activity (PAL, PPO, NR) was enhanced, while proline, H2O2, and MDA content decreased in 10 and 25 ppm CuONPs treated seedlings. A reduced activity of APX and SOD was also recorded in 10 and 25 ppm CuONPs treated seedlings. Chlorophyll content increased by 50.08% in 10 ppm treated seedlings but decreased with 25 and 50 ppm. The findings emphasize the protective role of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) at a lower concentration of 10 ppm against Fusarium wilt disease. This protective effect is manifested through the reduction of oxidative stress, decreased wilt incidence, and an increased biomass.

Characterization And Antimicrobial Activity of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Crocus Sativus Extract

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of green synthesized copper-oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) using Crocus sativus. The microorganisms were supplied from Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Using C. sativus, CuO nanoparticles were synthesized in a green manner, and their properties were assessed using UV-visible spectroscopy at the peak of 260 nm. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the particles' size and form, and x-ray technology was used to more precisely quantify their dimensions. diffraction (XRD). The biomolecule and functional group were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Different concentrations of nanoparticles (50, 75, and 100 ?g/ml) were subjected to the well diffusion method for antibacterial activity testing. The findings indicated that the CuO-NPs had a spherical form and a 0.154 nm size. The average diameters of the AFM pictures were found to be 11.89 nm, 2.62 nm, and 24.55 nm. The following growth zone inhibition values for the various bacteria species used were revealed by the nanoparticles' antimicrobial activity results: Staphylococcus aureus 18 mm, Staphylococcus epidermidis 18 mm, Klebsiella ssp 15 mm, Candida albican 18 mm, and Escherichia coli 17mm.

Biosynthesized CuO nanoparticles–coated grating sensors for temperature measurement

In this study, we demonstrate temperature sensing using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) fixed on a Teflon substrate with a large thermal expansion coefficient. A significant enhancement in sensitivity was achieved by coating the fiber with green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles. This improvement was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and other techniques. The behavior of the coated materials is unique in their response to thermal stability based on the mode of coating. We have examined the thermal responses of FBG sensors mounted on temperature units on and after coating. The designed sensor is compact, cost effective, and measures temperatures in the range of 25 °C–200 °C. It demonstrated a linear relationship between the wavelength shift and temperature change along with 0.59 pm/ oC enhancement in the sensitivity. However, by optimizing the materials and physical dimensions of FBG, it is possible to increase the range of temperature detection, thereby improving the sensor’s performance. It is observed that the sensitivity of the nanoparticles-coated FBG is better than that of the bare FBG for all temperature ranges.

SYNTHESIS OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES USING AMORPHOPHALLUS PAEONIIFOLIUS TUBER EXTRACT AND THEIR PHOTODEGRADATION ACTIVITIES ON METHYL ORANGE DYE

The current study focuses on investigating the removal of methyl orange dye using green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles derived from Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tubers. The nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Key parameters for adsorption, such as pH, contact time, adsorbent amount, and initial dye concentration, were examined. Additionally, the energy requirements for the pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were evaluated. This green synthesis method is efficient, cost-effective, and time-saving, leading to the production of copper oxide nanoparticles on a large scale.

Copper oxide nanoparticles fabricated by green chemistry using Tribulus terrestris seed natural extract-photocatalyst and green electrodes for energy storage device

Nanobiotechnology is a unique class of multiphase and recently become a branch of contemporary science and a paradigm shift in material research. One of the two main problems facing the field of nanomaterial synthesis is the discovery of new natural resources for the biological production of metal nanoparticles and the absence of knowledge about the chemical composition of bio-source required for synthesis and the chemical process or mechanism behind the production of metal nanoparticles presents the second difficulty. We reported template-free green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles using Tribulus terrestris seed natural extract without any isolation process. XRD, TEM, SEM, UV–Vis, DLS, zeta potential, and BET evaluated the synthesized metal nanoparticle. The TEM analysis confirmed that the CuO NPs are well dispersed and almost round in shape with an average size of 58 nm. EDAX confirms that copper is the prominent metal present in the nanomaterial. The greener fabricated copper oxide nanoparticle was employed to degrade methyl orange dye, almost 84% of methyl orange was degraded within 120 min. The outcomes demonstrated the nanomaterial’s effective breakdown of contaminants, highlighting their potential for environmental rehabilitation. The electrochemical investigation of the CuO NPs was utilized for supercapacitor application. An appreciable value of specific capacitance is 369 F/g specific capacitances with 96.4% capacitance retention after 6000 cycles. Overall, the results of the current study show that the biologically produced copper oxide nanoparticles have intriguing uses as photocatalysts for treating water contaminants and are suitable for energy storage devices.

Effect of green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles on growth, physiology, nutrient uptake, and cadmium accumulation in Triticum aestivum (L.)

Cadmium (Cd) stress in crops has been serious concern while little is known about the copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) effects on Cd accumulation by crops. This study investigated the effectiveness of CuO NPs in mitigating Cd contamination in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation through a pot experiment, presenting an eco-friendly solution to a critical agricultural concern. The CuO NPs, synthesized using green methods, exhibited a circular shape with a crystalline structure and a particle size ranging from 8 to 12 nm. The foliar spray of CuO NPs was applied in four different concentrations i.e. control, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L. The obtained data demonstrated that, in comparison to the control group, CuO NPs had a beneficial influence on various growth metrics and straw and grain yields of T. aestivum. The green CuO NPs improved T. aestivum growth and physiology under Cd stress, enhanced selected enzyme activities, reduced oxidative stress, and decreased malondialdehyde levels in the T. aestivum plants. CuO NPs lowered Cd contents in T. aestivum tissues and boosted the uptake of essential nutrients from the soil. Overall, foliar applied CuO NPs were effective in minimizing Cd contents in grains thereby reducing the health risks associated with Cd excess in humans. However, more in depth studies with several plant species and application methods of CuO NPs are required for better utilization of NPs in agricultural purposes.

The alleviative effects of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles against oxidative stress, hepato-renal alterations, and immune suppression induced by Staphylococcus aureus infection in Clarias gariepinus

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) have attracted much interest due to their catalytic and anti-bacterial activity. The present study exhibits that Moringa oleifera synthesized CuONPs (MS-CuONPs) might provide a promising anti-bacterial substitute for conventional antibiotics to treat Staphylococcus aureus infection in African catfish. MS-CuONPs showed an in vitro anti-bacterial activity (21.33 ± 0.80 mm inhibition zone) against S. aureus. One hundred-twenty fish (average weight: 120 ± 5.36 g) were haphazardly allocated into four groups in triplicates for 10 days (control, MS-CuONPs, S. aureus, and MS-CuONPs + S. aureus), where a concentration of 0.1 mg/L of MS-CuONPs was used. The S. aureus infection induced a marked reduction in immunological (lysozyme, complement 3, and nitric oxide), protein profile (total protein, total globulins, and albumin), and hepatic antioxidant (total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) indices as well as a higher mortality rate (46.67%). Moreover, an apparent elevation in the values of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), stress biomarkers (cortisol and glucose), and hepato-renal indicators (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and urea) were the consequences of S. aureus infection. Interestingly, treatment of S. aureus-infected fish with MS-CuONPs improved these parameters. According to these outcomes, MS-CuONPs as a water additive can protect fish against the negative impacts of S. aureus and can be used a promise anti-bacterial agent.

Elucidation of antibacterial, synergistic, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles against human breast cancer cells

Elucidation of antibacterial, synergistic, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles against human breast cancer cells

Phyto-assisted synthesis of CuO/industrial waste derived biochar composite for adsorptive removal of doxycycline hydrochloride and recycling of spent biochar as green energy storage device

The highest exposure of Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) into the water bodies as a result of extensive production and application of Covid-19 related drugs is a growing concern now a days. Herein, a novel nanocomposite material was developed by impregnating green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles on the porous surface of fabric waste derived biochar to eliminate the concerned EDCs along with a sustainable disposal strategy for the spent adsorbent. Morphological characterizations by Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of hierarchical porous structured material. X-ray analysis revealed presence of both amorphous nature of biochar matrix as well as the crystalline nature attributed from monodispersion of copper oxide nanoparticles onto biochar surface. Batch sorption study showed removal of doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) of >97% after 2 h at pH 7, 30 mg L−1 initial concentration of DOX and 2 g L−1 of adsorbent dose at room temperature after a two-step optimization process. Spectroscopic study and Raman shift suggested that pore filling, strong complexation and electrostatic interactions maximise the adsorption of DOX in the CuO/biochar composite as compared to the pristine biochar. However disposal of spent adsorbent is a crucial aspect for the environment and therefore, a sustainable recycling strategy for DOX loaded adsorbent as electrode material has been proposed for the first time in this study. Maximum specific capacitance value was observed in the range of 221.9–297.3 F g−1 for the DOX loaded nanocomposite at 1 mV s−1 comparable with other reported heteroatom-doped carbonaceous material as electrode. Therefore the excellent adsorption capacity of green synthesized CuO/biochar composite and its recycling after DOX adsorption can be recommended as a sustainable solution for mitigation of pharmaceuticals from wastewater. A detail study on degradation of DOX into eco-friendly products and its cost-effectiveness would be beneficial to suggest appropriate mitigation strategy for such compounds.

Antibacterial and anticancer activity (PANC-1) of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus

Copper oxide nanoparticle was biosynthesized using the petals of Catharanthus roseus, and it was found to exhibit anticancer activity in a human pancreatic cell line (PANC-1). The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and TEM techniques. XRD confirms the coexistence of CuO and Cu2O nanoparticles with an average grain size of 15 nm. FTIR spectra possess bands that indicate the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. FESEM and TEM show spherical shape morphology with an average particle size of 19.6 nm to 32.6 nm. The synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial activity, and the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a better zone of inhibition than standard streptomycin. The copper oxide nanoparticle was tested for anticancer activity in the PANC-1 line, and the results confirm that cells undergo cell shrinkage in the cytoplasm, which suggested the cytotoxic behavior. The viability of cells was evaluated by an inverted phase contrast microscope followed by the MTT assay method.

Environmental sustainable: Biogenic copper oxide nanoparticles as nano-pesticides for investigating bioactivities against phytopathogens

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are of interest in human physiopathology and have been extensively studied for their effects on the endocrine system. Research also focuses on the environmental impact of EDCs, including pesticides and engineered nanoparticles, and their toxicity to organisms. Green nanofabrication has surfaced as an environmentally conscious and sustainable approach to manufacture antimicrobial agents that can effectively manage phytopathogens. In this study, we examined the current understanding of the pathogenic activities of Azadirachta indica aqueous formulated green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) against phytopathogens. The CuONPs were analyzed and studied using a range of analytical and microscopic techniques, such as UV–visible spectrophotometer, Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD spectral results revealed that the particles had a high crystal size, with an average size ranging from 40 to 100 nm. TEM and SEM images were utilized to verify the size and shape of the CuONPs, revealing that they varied between 20 and 80 nm. The existence of potential functional molecules involved in the reduction of the nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR spectra and UV analysis. Biogenically synthesized CuONPs revealed significantly enhanced antimicrobial activities at 100 mg/L concentration in vitro by the biological method. The synthesized CuONPs at 500 μg/ml had a strong antioxidant activity which was examined through the free radicle scavenging method. Overall results of the green synthesized CuONPs have demonstrated significant synergetic effects in biological activities which can play a crucial impact in plant pathology against numerous phytopathogens.

Anti Fungal Activity of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract of Bryophyllum Pinnatum (Lam.) and Polyalthia Longifolia (Sonn.) R

Plant-mediated nano-fabrication is a new area of nanotechnology that is preferred to traditional methods due to its advantages in terms of safety, cost efficiency, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility. In the current study, copper chloride and copper sulphate are used as precursor materials to examine the effectiveness of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles using the plants Bryophyllum pinnatum (lam.) and Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) . Comparative study on the efficiency of the synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles against each precursor has been studied. Different spectroscopic and microscopic characterization techniques such as UV- Visible spectrophotometer, X- ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were performed to confirm the presence of copper oxide nanoparticles. UV –vis spectrophotometer results confirmed the existence of copper oxide nanoparticles using Copper chloride and Copper sulphate precursor showed absorption at 235nm and 575nm respectively. X- Ray Diffraction results showed crystalline structure of the particles with three peaks at (111), (200) & (220) which confirmed the presence of copper oxide nanoparticle for both the precursors. FTIR results supported the existence of several functional groups involved in capping, reducing, and stabilizing copper oxide nanoparticles. The SEM image showed that the copper oxide nanoparticles were spherical in shape and ranged in size from 40 to 90 nm. Further, the Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial activity of the synthesized nanoparticle for both the copper chloride and copper sulphate precursor were studied. The Study shown maximum zone of inhibition at 100µg/ml as 18mm and 25mm respectively against Galactomyces geotrichum. As a result of the high biological potentials and powerful Antifungal activity, the green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles can be exploited in phytopathology to combat plant infections.

Dopamine Fluorescent Sensor Based on Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Tyrosinase

Dopamine Fluorescent Sensor Based on Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Tyrosinase

Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Ficus elastica extract for the electrochemical simultaneous detection of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2.

In this paper, for the first time, we report the use of a new carbon paste electrode based on a low-cost pencil graphite powder modified with polyaniline (PANI) and green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles using Ficus elastica extract as a sensor for Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+. The elaborated electrode was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and simultaneous thermal analysis (TGA/DSC). The electrochemical behavior of the sensor was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. According to CV, as well as square wave voltammetry (SWV) results, it was found that the CuONPs/PANI-CPE sensor was able to determine very low concentrations of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+ in HCl (0.01 M) either in single metal or in multi-metal solutions with a high sensitivity. Furthermore, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+ simultaneous detection on CuONPs/PANI-CPE achieved very low limits of detection (0.11, 0.16, and 0.07 μg L-1, respectively). Besides, the designed sensor displayed a good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Moreover, CuONPs/PANI-CPE enabled us to determine with high accuracy Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+ traces in environmental matrices.

Exploitation of cantaloupe peels for bacterial cellulose production and functionalization with green synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles for diverse biological applications

The promising features of most bacterial celluloses (BC) promote the continuous mining for a cost-effective production approach toward wide and sustainable applications. Herein, cantaloupe peels (CP) were successfully implemented for sustainable BC production. Results indicated that the enzymatically hydrolyzed CP supported the maximum BC production of approximately 3.49 g/L when used as a sole fermentation media. The produced BC was fabricated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (Ch), and loaded with green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) to improve its biological activity. The novel composite showed an antimicrobial activity against several human pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Furthermore, the new composite revealed a significant in vitro anticancer activity against colon (Caco-2), hepatocellular (HepG-2), and breast (MDA) cancer cells, with low IC50 of 0.48, 0.27, and 0.33 mg/mL for the three cell lines, respectively. On the other hand, the new composite was remarkably safe for human skin fibroblast (HSF) with IC50 of 1.08 mg/mL. Interestingly, the composite membranes exhibited lethal effects against all stages of larval instar and pupal stage compared with the control. In this study, we first report the diverse potential applications of BC/PVA/Ch/CuO-NPs composites based on green synthesized CuO-NPs and sustainably produced BC membrane.

Antifouling painting formulations containing green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles using water extract of Ulva fasciata

Recently, nanotechnology-based paints have been employed in the field of biofouling prevention. The green production of copper oxide nanoparticles (GB-CuONPs) with Ulva fasciata water extract was described in this study. The aqueous U. fasciata extract contains diverse compounds that act as reducing and stabilizing agents for GB-CuONPs. The GB-CuONPs were characterized by different instruments. SEM indicated monoclinic phase (tenorite) clustered nanoparticles. EDX spectrum comprised C, N, Zn, Cu, and O peaks. FT-IR showed peaks that could be attributed to proteins, carbohydrates and polyphenols. The average crystallite size was 35.2 nm. XRD assigned the reflection lines of monoclinic GB-CuONPs. The antimicrobial activity of GB-CuONPs was studied against three Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacterial strains. Antifouling efficacy of different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 1.50%) from GB-CuONPs was evaluated in situ for 200 days. Low weights of fouling organisms were formed on all the panels, ranging between 0.0495 and 0.1451 g/cm2. Their effectiveness may be attributed to the biocide’s gradual release from the coatings. Panels treated with formulations containing (1.00% and 1.50%) GB-CuONPs showed good antifouling activity during the study period, with only 5% of barnacles.The surrounding seawater parameters of the immersed coated steel panels were within the typical range for this area.

Folic Acid Determination in Food Samples Using Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Electro-Poly (Methyl Orange) Sensor

Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were green synthesized using Ocimum basilicum leaves aqueous extract in which polyphenols act as reducing and stabilizing agents. The synthesized CuONPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The analyses indicated the formation of crystalline rod-like monoclinic pure CuONPs with a mean grain size of 15 nm, a surface area of 396 m2 g−1, and a total pore volume of 0.71 cm3 g−1. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified using the synthesized CuONPs and electropolymerized poly(methyl orange) (PMO). The modified PMO/CuONPs/GCE electrode was electrochemically characterized and applied for the estimation of folic acid (FA) by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, linear sweep voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. The influence of pH (7), scan rate (50 mV/s), supporting electrolyte (0.1 M KCl) and FA concentration has been optimized. FA is precisely determined in the range from 0.01 to 1.5 µΜ with a low detection limit (0.002 µΜ), a low quantitation limit (0.068 µΜ), high reproducibility (RSD 0.37, 10 measurements), and high stability (98% activity after 50 days). FA in food samples was determined by the new sensor with high recoveries from 93 to 108.8%.Graphical

Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles CuO NPs from Eucalyptus Globoulus leaf extract: Adsorption and design of experiments

The study is concerned with synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles with leaf extract Eucalyptus Globoulus . The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that the green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles are spherical and have a mean particle size of 88 nm, with a negative zeta potential of −16.9 mV. The XRD graph showed the crystalline and monoclinic phases of CuO nanoparticles. The average crystalline size around 85.80 nm was observed by the Debye–Scherrer formula. The adsorption characteristics of the nano-adsorbents were investigated using methyl orange, and the adsorption efficiency at room temperature attained 95 mg/g. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) adsorb methyl orange dye most effectively at pH 4.5 when the dye is applied in quantities of 0.04 g/50 mL. Box–Behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize various process parameters, such as pH solution (X 1 : 2 – 11), adsorbing dose (X 2 : 0.01 – 0.08 g/L), [MO] dye concentration (X 3 : 10 – 80 mg/L). Overall, the adjusted coefficient of determination (R 2 ) value of 0.99 demonstrated that the used model was quite appropriate, and the chosen RSM was effective in optimization the decolorization conditions of MO.