Green Mode Research Articles

Haze management: is urban public transportation priority effective?

Public transportation is often considered as a green travel mode to alleviate the negative externalities such as traffic congestion and haze pollution generated from transport. However, is prioritizing urban public transportation actually conducive to haze emission reduction? In this study, considering special emphasis on the cumulative effect of haze, a dynamic panel model is constructed to analyze and quantify the impact of public transportation on haze pollution by using the data of 284 cities in China, and the heterogeneity of the impact in cities with different pollution levels is examined. Several interesting findings are derived from the empirical results. First, the development of urban public transportation can significantly alleviate urban haze pollution. Second, the haze reduction effect of public transportation in cities with different pollution levels is non-universal. Comparatively speaking, the haze reduction effect of public transportation in lightly polluted cities is more evident than that in heavily polluted cities. Therefore, in order to reduce haze pollution in a more effective manner, China should continue to promote urban public transportation priority strategy. Moreover, the government should also formulate differentiated traffic development strategies to effectively alleviate the urban traffic burdens.

Green channel construction mode and development of stroke center in China

Stroke poses a social and economic burden worldwide.Intravenous thrombolytic therapy and endovascular interventional therapy are recommended as early as possible for patients with acute ischemic stroke in many national and international guidelines, however, their clinical applications are limited due to their strong time dependence.To date, the treatment of acute stroke in China has many problems, such as backward development of hospital treatment process and shortage of stroke professionals.Establishing a complete stroke green channel and maintaining its smooth operation contributes to the most important and effective way to promote thrombolytic therapy, which requires setting a clear target time, appropriately adjusting the hospital layout and hardware and software investment, attaching importance to team building and clear job responsibilities.Moreover, the most important task is to improve the green channel process through replacing the "serial mode" with the "parallel mode", making full use of the first aid map of stroke, bridging the gap between pre-hospital and in-hospital treatment, and popularizing stroke-related knowledge.In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the construction of stroke green channel in China.The implementation of the above-mentioned reform mode may minimize pre-hospital and in-hospital delays, expand the benefit population of stroke and thus improve the early treatment rate of acute ischemic stroke.

Analysis of the Development Level of Green Economy in Different Regions Based on the GA-BP Model.

The low-carbon economy is a green development mode of modern social and economic development. In this paper, an evaluation model of the green economy development level based on GA-BP is constructed, and the related parameters and network structure of the two algorithms are designed and optimized. The test results show that the predicted value of GA-BP has a high degree of fit to the actual value, and the data fitting performance is good. The prediction results are in good agreement with the objective reality, which is helpful to put forward appropriate development modes and development path suggestions for the regional development of the low-carbon economy.

An Ultra-Low Quiescent Current Tri-Mode DC-DC Buck Converter With 92.1% Peak Efficiency for IoT Applications

An ultra-low quiescent current tri-mode DC-DC buck converter is presented in this paper, which is able to handle a 100,000X load range. In pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) mode, adaptive on-time (AOT) V² control is utilized to achieve seamless mode transition and constant switching frequency in PWM mode. A deep green mode (DGM) is proposed for light load, where both the switching loss and the power of control circuitry are minimized. By reducing the comparator current, a delay-based hysteresis window adaptive to load current is generated, reducing the switching frequency and the loss. Meanwhile, the average current of zero current detector (ZCD) and AOT controller are reduced significantly by dynamic biasing. As a result, the efficiency of the converter is improved while maintaining a reasonable output ripple. The proposed converter is implemented in a 0.18μ m BCD technology. Experimental results show that the converter can provide a 1.6 V output from a 2.7 to 4.7V input for 1μ A to 100 mA load, while consuming only 490nA quiescent current. The proposed converter achieves a 92.1% peak efficiency and efficiency can be maintained above 80% in a load range of 20μ A to 60 mA.

To dam or not to dam in an age of anthropocene: Insights from a genealogy of media discourses

Numerous studies have highlighted the negative consequences of dams (long-term alterations of Earth systems and social and economic injustices), and have questioned the sustainability of dams, i.e., the capacity of dams to meet the social, economic, and environmental needs of the current generation without compromising the needs of future generations. After having stalled in the 1990 s, dam construction has entered a new period of growth. Recent research has shown that this new phase in dam building can be explained by the promotion of hydropower as clean energy. To clarify the continuing debate on the construction of dams, particularly on their impacts and sustainability into the future, this paper examines the discourses on dams within the public domain. We used a collection of newspaper articles published in Le Monde from 1945 to 2019 on dams that were planned and built throughout the world (n = 1471). Results show a rise of different discourses on water infrastructure, which with time deal less with positive technical appraisals and more with controversies. Since the mid-2000 s, new arguments are defended (green energy) and new controversial discourses on the social and economic sustainability of dams (bearability, equitability) have emerged along with environmental questions (greenhouse gas footprint). These discourses reveal different understandings of sustainability which increase the complexity of the debate on dams. Results from this study suggest a need for a stronger dialogue between the scientific and public domains on the impacts of dams. Knowledge transfer and exchange would be particularly beneficial on ‘renewable energy’ and ‘green energy,’ and alternative modes of governance regarding dams. • Debates on dams have increased these past years in the scientific and public domains. • We examine the discourses and debates on dams within the public domain. • We identify a genealogy of discourses on dams and critically analyse these discourses. • We show how these discourses reveal different understandings of sustainability. • More knowledge transfer and exchange are needed on the impacts of dams.

Impact of socio-economic characteristics on energy consumption behaviors of suburban rural residents: evidence from on-site surveys in the Guanzhong Plain of China

Abstract Traditionally, residents in rural areas of Guanzhong Plain used to burn bulk coal for cooking and space heating, creating serious environmental challenges. With the stable development of rural economy in China, more and more rural residents have begun to adopt clean and green energy consumption mode, starting from suburban rural areas. Therefore, the energy consumption behaviors of residents in suburban rural areas exhibit the dual characteristics of urban and rural energy consumption. This study conducted an on-site survey of energy consumption behaviors of residents and their influencing factors in typical suburban rural areas in the Guanzhong Plain. A total of 554 valid questionnaires were obtained in this investigation, which were used to assess the behaviors and habits of local residents with respect to different energy consumption activities, such as cooking, space cooling/heating, laundry, etc. The results showed that the energy consumption behaviors of residents in investigated suburban rural areas were different from either traditional Chinese rural areas or typical Chinese urban areas, in terms of energy type and usage habits. The two most significant household characteristics affecting energy consumption behavior are income level and family structure.

Research on Green Transport Mode of Chinese Bulk Cargo Based on Fourth-Party Logistics

Due to the problems such as the excessive proportion of road transport and extreme carbon emission situation of China’s transport structure adjustment, this paper combines the fourth-party logistics with the bulk cargo green transport. It is advancing the adjustment of China’s bulk cargo transport structure using fourth-party logistics. This paper improves the particle swarm optimization algorithm to compare the integrated cost and carbon emissions of different bulk fourth-party transport networks to verify the benefits of the fourth-party logistics on bulk cargo transport networks’ cost reduction and emission reduction. The results show that using the fourth-party logistics model to promote the transfer of cargoes from road to rail can reduce the integrated cost of the transport network, reduce carbon emissions, and achieve green transport.

Effect of Forward-looking Emergency Nursing Intervention in Green Channel Mode on Patients with Acute Stroke

Effect of Forward-looking Emergency Nursing Intervention in Green Channel Mode on Patients with Acute Stroke

Effect of Air Pressure on Aerodynamic Characteristics of the HTS Maglev Running in a Tube

The high-temperature superconducting maglev-evacuated tube transport (HTS Maglev-ETT) is a green, energy-saving, and high-speed future transit mode. The initial tube pressure is a vital parameter of the ETT system. To investigate the impact of the initial tube pressure on the aerodynamic characteristics of the HTS maglev, a two-dimensional scaled simulation model of 1:10 was established. The aerodynamic drag of the train and the shock wave phenomenon in the tube under different initial tube pressures were studied. The study found that the shock wave formed in the tube contains oblique shock wave and normal shock wave. There is a linear relationship between the range of the shock wave and the initial tube pressure. The range of the shock wave and aerodynamic drag increase with the increases of initial tube pressure. Additionally, the pressure drag plays a dominant role in the total drag. By lowering the pressure in the tube, the pressure difference between the front and rear of the train was reduced, thus reducing the aerodynamic drag.

Key Engineering Technologies to Achieve Green, Intelligent, and Sustainable Development of Deep Metal Mines in China

Abstract The object of this article is to present the innovative technology system for the deep mining of metal mines in China. Based on the current situation and major problems of deep mining of metal mineral resources in China, the key engineering technology development strategies to solve the problems, such as the green intelligent mining modes, are proposed, which is conducive to ensuring the safety of mineral resources supply and the sustainable development of the national economy in China.

Construction and Optimization of Green Supply Chain Management Mode of Agricultural Enterprises in the Digital Economy

Digital economy is a rapidly developing economic form under the background of the information age. This article introduces the construction and optimization of the green supply chain management model of agricultural enterprises under the digital economy, and intends to provide some ideas and directions for the development of green supply chain management of agricultural enterprises based on digital economy. This paper proposes the construction and optimization research methods of the green supply chain management model of agricultural enterprises under the digital economy, including the overview of green supply chain management, the construction of the optimization management model of the green supply chain of agricultural enterprises, and the digital economy under the construction of a green supply chain management practice index system for agricultural enterprises. Experimental results show that average Cronbachα value of each scale factor of the optimized management model in this paper is 0.876, and optimized decision-making coordination mechanism has high internal consistency.

Riverside underwater noise pollution threaten porpoises and fish along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China

The Yangtze River exhibits a high biodiversity and plays an important role in global biodiversity conservation. As the world's busiest inland river in regard to shipping, little attention has been paid to underwater noise pollution. In 2017, the underwater noise level in 25 riverside locations along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River mainly at night time were investigated by using passive acoustic monitoring method. Approximately 88% and 40% of the sampled sites exhibit noise levels exceeding the underwater acoustic thresholds of causing responsiveness and temporary threshold shift, respectively, in cetacean. Noise pollution may impose a high impact on fish with physostomous swim bladders and Weberian ossicles, such as silver carp, bighead carp, goldfish and common carp, whereas it may affect fish with physoclistous swim bladders and without Weberian ossicles, such as lake sturgeon and paddlefish, to a lesser extent. Noise levels reductions of approximately 10 and 20 dB were observed in the middle and lower reaches, respectively, of the Yangtze River over the 2012 level. The green development mode of the ongoing construction of green shipping in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, including the development of green shipping lanes, ports, ships and transportation organizations, may account for the alleviated underwater noise pollution. Follow-up noise mitigation endeavors, such as the extension of ship speed restrictions and the study and implementation of the optimal navigation speed in ecologically important areas, are required to further reduce the noise level in the Yangtze River to protect local porpoises and fish.

Behavior of Smallholder to Improve Individual Breeding Environment and Tobacco Growing Environment-A Case Study of 184 Waterfowl Farmers and Tobacco Farmers in Jiangxi Province

Under the background of the structural reform on the agricultural supply side and the tightening of environmental protection policies, China’s agricultural industry is facing prominent problems such as low scale, poor mechanization level and serious ecological environment pollution, especially the scattered breeding behavior of small farmers in waterfowl breeding industry and in tobacco growing industry, which has a serious impact on the surrounding ecological environment. In this paper, based on the survey data of 184 waterfowl farmers and tobacco farmers in Jiangxi province and from the perspective of small farmers of waterfowl breeding and tobacco growing, the factors influencing small farmers’ behavior of improving their individual breeding environment and carrying out green ecological behavior are analyzed by using binary logistic regression model. It is concluded that the gender and age of farmers have a negative impact, while farmers’ education level, farmers’ concurrent employment, breeding technology training and government support have a significant positive impact on small farmers’ behavior of improving their individual breeding and planting environment. Finally, some suggestions are put forward, such as optimizing the production layout of waterfowl industry, improve green tobacco cultivation, constructing green ecological development system of waterfowl industry, popularizing green ecological breeding mode and strengthening policy support and supervision, with a view to improve the present situation of poor breeding environment and serious pollution of small farmers in China, promote the development and transformation of waterfowl industry and tobacco industry in China, and promote the sustainable development of ecological environment and ecological economy of waterfowl industry and tobacco industry in China.

Application of Online Transportation Mode Recognition in Games

It is widely accepted that human activities largely contribute to global emissions and thus, greatly impact climate change. Awareness promotion and adoption of green transportation mode could make a difference in the long term. To achieve behavioural change, we investigate the use of a persuasive game utilising online transportation mode recognition to afford bonuses and penalties to users based on their daily choices of transportation mode. To facilitate an easy identification of transportation mode, classification predictive models are built based on accelerometer and gyroscope historical data. Preliminary results show that the classification true-positive rate for recognising 10 different transportation classes can reach up to 95% when using a historical set (66% without). Results also reveal that the random tree classification model is a viable choice compared to random forest in terms of sustainability. Qualitative studies of the trained classifiers and measurements of Android-device gravity also raise several issues that could be addressed in future work. This research work could be enhanced through acceleration normalisation to improve device and user ambiguity.

Clostridium septicum-induced gangrene in the right lower extremity complicating pneumatosis in the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and occlusion of right femoral artery: a case report

BackgroundGas gangrene is usually manifested as myonecrosis and subcutaneous gas accumulation, but rarely manifested as arterial occlusion or pneumatosis in the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.Case presentationWe report a case of gas gangrene caused by Clostridium septicum. The patient developed gas gangrene after being pecked by a chicken but turned for the better following antibiotic treatment and debriment. Imaging test revealed a rare occlusion of the right femoral artery and pneumatosis in the right ventricle and the main pulmonary artery.ConclusionsIn the presence of gas gangrene, special care must be taken to prevent against the formation of circulatory air embolism. The gas gangrene-induced gangrene in the limb of this patient might be attributed to the combined action of infection and arterial occlusion. MDT (Multidisciplinary team)-Green Channel mode is conductive to treatment success of gas gangrene.

Understanding the green energy efficiencies of provinces in China: A Super-SBM and GML analysis

At present, China is transforming into a green development mode in all respects, and improving green energy efficiency is a key component of this transformation. Using panel data of 2011–2018, this research adopts the Super-SBM (Slack-Based Model) to calculate the green energy efficiencies of China's 29 provinces and a GML (Global Malmquist-Luenberger) index method to explain the efficiency changes. Empirical analysis draws the following conclusions: 1) China's green energy efficiency presented a slowly decreasing rather than increasing trend. 2) Technological progress was a major factor in efficiency improvement. However, its contribution was canceled by energy overuse. 3) Provinces with low green energy efficiency tend to geographically gather in the regions with rich energy resource endowment. Instead, provinces with high green energy efficiency are relatively geographically scattered, and most of them are China's most developed regions. 4) Green energy efficiencies among China's four major regions have significant differences. Generally, the mean level is east > northeast > west > central. 5) The key policy directions to improve China's green energy efficiency include using transfer payment to balance the regional development, breaking down the barriers among provinces to facilitate energy circulation, and refining energy price structure to mitigate rebound effects.

Foresight from the hometown of green tea in China: Tea farmers’ adoption of pro-green control technology for tea plant pests

The use of pesticides can lead to respiratory, reproductive, genetic, and nervous system diseases, which are major potential threats to human health. The abuse of pesticides by farmers and farm workers reportedly results in the death of about 180,000 people worldwide every year. With an increasing number of tea-drinkers in the world, people are paying closer attention to the presence of pesticide residues in tea and to the green production mode of tea. The pro-green control technology (PGCT) has recently been popularized as an environmentally friendly pest control method for pests of tea plants. In order to study the factors influencing tea farmers' adoption of PGCT for tea plant pest control, this study utilized the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and structural equation model (SEM) to empirically study the adoption behavior of 304 tea farmers in Shucheng County, China. Firstly, through meta-analysis, we integrated 23 studies related to farmers and preliminarily verified the hypotheses that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have positive and significant impact on tea farmers' behavior intention were valid. Then we used SEM for analysis, the results indicated that subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have a positive and significant effect on intention, while attitude has no significant effect on intention. Moreover, there is a positive and significant relationship between the behavioral intention and behavior, while perceived behavioral control has a significant negative impact on behavior. In addition, this study verified the significant positive correlation between attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, indicating that the theoretical framework of the TPB is applicable for the study of tea farmers' behavior. The results of this study support the need for the government to promote the use of PGCT for tea plant pest control, as well as advance integrated prevention and control in the agricultural industry.

Usage behavior and satisfaction analysis of free-floating bicycle sharing system service: Evidence from a Chinese university campus

The free-floating bicycle sharing system (FFBSS) service has been becoming an important and popular mode for travel in the urban mobility ecosystem. Although many studies conducted surveys to understand the usage characteristics of FFBSS service for the general population, few studies focus on the usage behavior of university students. A total of 228 valid responses from Huai'yin Institute of Technology (HYIT) were collected to examine the usage behavior of FFBSS service and identify the key service attributes driving satisfaction levels among Chinese university students. Undergraduate and graduate university students are an important and novel population, as they are still forming their values and beliefs, and therefore are more open to engaging in sustainability efforts (e.g., not owning a car or choices towards green travel modes). Descriptive analysis was performed to analyze FFBSS service usage frequency, FFBSS trip characteristics, and the motivation to use FFBSS service. The results show that the socio-demographic information (e.g., age, gender, year of study, and monthly expense) and e-bike/bike ownership significantly influence the usage frequency. Time-saving and convenience are two of the main motivations driving FFBSS service usage. Multivariate regression and importance-performance analysis (IPA) are conducted to identify important FFBSS service attributes impacting user satisfaction levels and identify priority service attributes for improvement. It highlights the importance of the density of the designated location for bike returns, the number of available bicycles, the position accuracy of bicycles, and the good functioning condition of bicycles. The findings provide useful insights into the planning and management of FFBSS services on campus and in cities.

How to Evaluate the Green Utilization Efficiency of Cultivated Land in a Farming Household? A Case Study of Shandong Province, China

The behavior of farming households is the most direct factor involved in the transition of cultivated land utilization from high-input/high-output to green and sustainable utilization mode. Improving farming households’ green utilization efficiency of cultivated land (GUECL) is of great significance in facilitating agricultural green development in China. However, there are few studies on GUECL based on the micro-perspective of farming households that cover the comprehensive benefits to the economy, ecology, and society. This paper builds a theoretical analysis framework of farming households’ green utilization of cultivated land and uses the super-efficiency EBM model and a questionnaire to conduct an empirical analysis of 952 farming households in Shandong Province to evaluate the green utilization efficiency of cultivated land. The results show that the GUECL of the farming households is generally not high, with an average value of 0.67, and can be further improved. The higher the GUECL, the lower the input and undesired output per unit yield and per unit output value. Tobit regression results show that a farming household’s per capita income is significantly positively correlated with the GUECL, while agricultural insurance, agricultural subsidies, cultivated land scale, cultivated land fragmentation, and regional economic level are significantly negatively correlated with the GUECL. In addition, recommendations can be made on promoting and innovating agricultural green development technology, popularizing and publicizing farming households’ thoughts on the green utilization of cultivated land, and ensuring and improving rural green life so as to provide a reference for promoting green transition of cultivated land utilization with diversified coordination and multiple measures.

Analysis of positioning of wayside charging stations for hybrid locomotive consists in heavy haul train operations

Hybrid locomotive concepts have been considered as a step towards converting the railway industry into a green transport mode. One of the challenges in integrating a hybrid locomotive in the train consist is that the battery pack in the locomotive needs to be recharged during a long-haul trip which requires stopping of the train. A typical battery pack requires about 1 h to recharge which is unacceptable. With the improvement in the charging system, it is now possible that the same capacity battery pack could be recharged in 10–12 min which can be a competitive option for the railway companies. This paper proposes a method based on simulation to evaluate the positioning of charging stations on a train network. A typical example of a heavy haul train operation hauled by diesel-electric and hybrid locomotives is used to demonstrate the method by using simulation softwares. The result of the simulation study show that the method developed in this paper can be used to evaluate the state of charge (SoC) status of a hybrid locomotive along the track. It is also shown that the SoC status obtained by the simulation method can be further used to assess the positions of charging stations along the track at the design stage.