Green GDP Research Articles

Evaluating the Role of Green Financing, International Trade and Alternative Energies on Environmental Performance in Case of Chinese Provinces: Application of Quantile Regression Approach

Despite increasing recognition of the urgent need to address the impacts of climate change, the global response has been inadequate, and greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise. The role of green financing in addressing this problem is uncertain, as it remains in its early stages of development and implementation. Furthermore, the relationship between green financing, alternative energies, and environmental performance is complex and not well understood. This study examines the potential of green financing as a tool for mitigating the effects of climate change and promoting sustainable development. Assessing the effectiveness of green financing as a means of improving environmental performance, and the role of alternative energies in this relationship. This study aims to provide recommendations for policymakers, businesses, and other stakeholders on how to effectively leverage green financing to promote sustainable development and address the impacts of climate change. Using Quantile regression approach, this study finds that green finance, international trade, GDP and alternative energies are important determinants of CO2 emissions of China. We find that green finance, and alternative energies have negative location coefficients, which imply that these factors abate CO2 emissions. On the contrary, the location coefficient of international trade and GDP are positive, which suggest that these factors increase CO2 emissions of China. The negative coefficient of green finance for all quantiles implies that green finance is beneficial for environmental performance of China.

Stock Return, Financial Stability and Green GDP In China: Evidence from NARDL and Quantile Regression

This paper evaluates the effect of financial stability on stock return – green GDP and GDP relationships. The ARDL and quantile regression analysis are applied for this objective and the datasets are covering from 2002:Q1 to 2018:Q4. The empirical results reveal that financial stability has a positive and significant stimulating effect on the stock return-green GDP nexus. In other words, similar to institutional quality, financial stability provides an adequate ground to the stock return to have positive impact on green GDP. The more stable financial system in the country leads to investments and stock returns to be placed on activities that conserve the environment and hence increase in green GDP. Thus, the stability of the financial system plays a crucial role in ensuring the well-functioning of stock market and hence, promote green GDP. While the results for GDP indicated that stock return has insignificant impact on GDP in the direct or even the interaction effect with financial stability.

Green GDP and Economic Openness in India

Aim: The vast range of weather conditions in India's climate system is a result of numerous reasons, including growing agricultural activity, altered land use patterns that increased emissions of methane and nitrous oxide as well as other greenhouse gases, automobile use, and so forth. It is necessary to quantify the significant and under-estimated impact of climate change on the natural system through changes in extreme weather. To account for the economic losses of the environment as a result of climate change, the Green GDP concept was introduced. The objective of the paper is to compute the Green GDP for India and test the effect of economic openness on GDP and Green GDP.
 Methodology: The World Bank Database, the OECD, and Energy Statistics India 2021 are some of the sources from which information was gathered. Growth Rate, Economic Openness Index and the Green GDP estimation methods are employed. To compute the Green GDP indicator for the years 2011 to 20, the GDP measure is subtracted from the costs associated with the utilization of natural resources and environmental degradation.
 Results: According to the outcome, the cost of environmental damage will decline from 11 per cent in 2011 to 9 per cent in 2020. The cost of environmental damage growth rate was -3.07 percent. The Economic Openness Index was 55.62 in the year 2011 and it is gradually declining and attained 36.46 in the year 2020. The lower the index, the lower the impact of trade on domestic activities and the less powerful the economy of that country. The relationship between economic openness and Green GDP per capita shows that less and less economic openness moves the cost of environmental damage to the increasing side.
 Conclusion: The cost of environmental damage increased in the year 2020 compared to 2011 but the growth rate shows negative. The government should take several initiatives to assure data availability and accountability to estimate the environmental damage cost and to frame suitable policy options to improve economic performance overall.

Relationship between the green finance index, CO2 emission, and GDP

Abstract Green technology innovation and effective use of green financing tools are very important in order to ensure sustainable economic and environmental development without environmental degradation, and to decarbonize all sectors. Evaluating the green investment process together with the inputs, outputs and the factors involved in the process will make important contributions in terms of determining the current situation, developing new and effective policies and raising awareness on green finance. For all these reasons, it is aimed to reveal the interaction mechanisms between GFI, CO2 emissions and GDP in this study. GFI, CO2 emissions, and GDP variables covering 26 countries between 2018-2021 were analyzed using panel data analysis with a fixed effects model. Firstly, it is found that CO2 emission had a negative effect on GFI, but GDP had a positive effect on GFI, and the effect of CO2 was greater than GDP. Secondly, GFI was found to have negative effects on CO2 emissions whereas GDP had positive effects, with GFI benefiting slightly more than GDP from these effects. Thirdly, GDP was shown to be positively affected by both GFI and CO2, and the analyses revealed that the effect of CO2 was much greater than that of GFI. The findings are considered important in terms of making predictions in terms of understanding and developing green finance and its effects.

Perspective on China's commitment to carbon neutrality under the innovation-energy-emissions nexus

The changing landscape in global geopolitics of energy security coupled with post-COVID slow economic recovery has raised concerns about China's carbon neutrality commitment. This study seeks to answer the role of China's green innovation, renewables, non-renewables, and GDP for CO2 emissions using the novel Quantile Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (QARDL) model over an extended period from 1990 to 2020. The results conclude that green innovation can reduce CO2 emissions by up to three times with a 1:3 ratio while renewable energy sources are able to cut CO2 emissions with a modest rate of return at a 1:0.8 ratio. Similarly, with a 1:3.5 ratio, fossil fuels which still account for more than 83% of total energy consumption are highly emission-intensive. GDP spurs CO2 emissions but at a decreasing rate. In addition, the results also conclude the validation of the EKC hypothesis, meaning that GDP has the potential to offset environmental degradation in both short- and long-run paths. In the current situation, the renewable energy sector is environmentally inefficient and needs policy reforms. Considering the current economic slowdown and potential future challenges to energy security, the country needs to take stringent policy measures to fulfill its existing commitments in self-interest.

Does environmental psychology matter: role of green finance and government spending for sustainable development.

Over 30% of the global GDP and 60% of the worldwide population are involved in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), making it one of the greatest development projects in the world. If infrastructure developments in BRI countries are successful, economic growth in those nations will increase dramatically. Using data from 2005 to 2020, this research examines the relationships between environmental psychology, green finance, and sustainable development and variables such as GDP per capita and its square, green financing, government expenditure, and human capital in 57 strategically chosen BRI economies. Economists used cutting-edge techniques that take into account multiple variables at once in their analysis, such as cross-sectional dependence, unit root testing, co-integration analysis, IFE estimation, dynamic panel data (DCCE), and generalized method of moments (system GMM). The findings indicate that green financing, government spending, and GDP per capita squared reduce emissions of carbon dioxide. In this analysis, the level of human capital is similar to GDP per capita in its beneficial effect on carbon emissions. Carbon emissions are negatively impacted by government spending, which has a minor effect on GDP per capita, green financing, and human capital. Using the results of this study, the authors offer recommendations for how a country can reduce its carbon output.

The Impact of GGDP on the Global Climate

Green GDP (GGDP) incorporates environmental and sustainability considerations alongside traditional GDP, thereby fostering policies and initiatives that prioritize the well-being of our planet's ecosystem. This study investigates the global impact of GGDP on climate, population, and other factors by gathering data on GGDP determinants, climate, and population from various countries and developing relevant machine learning models. Subsequently, the study examined sustainable human development and the relationship between population, economic, and environmental changes in the United States. A linear correlation between GDP and CO2 emissions, as well as GGDP and CO2, was established using the least squares method to analyse GGDP's environmental optimization with respect to CO2 emissions. Lastly, a model was devised to evaluate the connection between economic development, the capacity to support future generations (linked to education and healthcare expenditures), and gross national income in China, based on data from earlier inquiries.

Green GDP Calculation Study Based on CVM and EWM

This paper examines the calculation method of green GDP and how it determines climate change. Firstly, a new method of calculating green GDP is proposed by combining the coefficient of variation method and entropy weight method to calculate the weight of the selected indicators on green GDP, which can be effectively combined with the development situation of each country for judgment, and the results of green GDP calculation of several countries are given to study the influence of different indicators on economy and environment. Then, using annual CO2 emissions as a reference, the amount of change in future GDP and green GDP is firstly predicted by grey forecast model, and then future CO2 emissions are calculated by support vector regression, which can reflect the future climate change. The results suggest that CO2 emissions are likely to continue to rise in the future.

Greening the GDP——Exploration of the Relationship between Economy and Environment

GDP has always been regarded as a significant indicator to measure the overall economic volume of a country. However, blindly pursuing high economic growth may cause waste of natural resources and damage to the ecological environment, which is not conducive to the long-term and sustainable economic development of the country. This paper aims to explore the deep relationship between economy and resources and environment through the study of Green GDP. Using CoalProducts, Fossil fuels (% equivalent primary energy), PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter) and other effective indicators, we developed a TOPSIS model based on The System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA) to assess impacts on climate mitigation. It collects data from reliable sources, including around 42 countries and 18 statistical indicators. In addition, through the forecast of future resource consumption, population and GDP changes, it is further concluded that it is worthwhile to choose Green GDP as an indicator to measure the economy. This study takes China as an example, and the empirical results show that using Green GDP instead of GDP to calculate the national economy can effectively mitigate the negaitve impact of climate, which has certain reference value for the sustainable development and green economy construction of countries around the world.

Study on the Calculation Method of Green GDP to Measure the Economic Health

This paper discusses the replacement of conventional GDP with green GDP (GGDP) as the main measure of economic health. Based on data on annual average temperature, annual precipitation, annual sunshine hours and annual average relative humidity for country C over the past decade, a multiple regression model is used to demonstrate that the linear effect of GGDP is positive for green growth. Further considering the differences in economic power between developed, developing and lagging countries, an infinite iterative game model of green GDP and conventional GDP is constructed based on the mutual constraints of long-term and short-term interests. Finally, considering the resistance to replacing GDP with green GDP, and in order to fully reflect the tortuous and complex relationship between climate change and social costs, an integrated model that will be embedded in the economic system, the DICE-2013R model, is constructed in order to achieve a shift from a single energy model to an integrated climate model. Normalising the data based on the model calcglobal scale.

Green GDP and Energy: A New Model of GGDP and Energy

Green GDP and Energy: A New Model of GGDP and Energy

Course construction and practice of water pollution control engineering in the background of carbon neutralization

Today, with the rapid development of the world economy, we have also made great achievements in the process of building a green ecological civilization. However, in this process, resources and environmental issues have attracted more and more attention. In recent years, problems such as haze and water pollution often occur. The growth rate of GDP has always maintained at about 10%, while China's resource reserves are relatively small and the per capita share is low. With the growth of China's economy, society and population, and the improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection, green GDP has gradually become an important indicator to measure a country's scientific and technological progress and national strength. This paper discusses the content reform and teaching practice of the water pollution control engineering course of environmental engineering specialty under the background of carbon neutralization. New concepts and new processes of sewage treatment are introduced into the teaching, so that students can establish new concepts of sewage treatment process design, make students clear the development trend of the sewage treatment industry in the future, master the new technology of sewage treatment, broaden their industrial vision, and cultivate their innovative consciousness, To enable students to have enough competitiveness and development potential in graduation employment and future professional work.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PRODUCTION IN NAKHCHIVAN AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC AND ITS IMPACT ON OVERALL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

In the article, approaches to the concept of alternative energy in economic theory from the point of view of economic costs and benefits, the role and importance of the use of alternative energy in the calculation of GDP and green GDP from an economic-ecological accounting point of view, as well as a wide database of information on alternative energy production from various sources, and the potential of alternative energy in the form of an autonomous republic were reviewed. , the current state of its production by types, the level of use of alternative energy sources, the share of alternative energy production in the total energy production and the change in this share were studied. As a result of the research, important proposals were made in the direction of solving problems such as meeting the energy demand of the economy, protecting the environment, facilitating access to energy, as well as energy saving and energy efficiency through the use of renewable energy sources in the conditions of scarcity of resources for traditional energy production, with the volume of alternative energy production in the autonomous republic. An empirical formula of the relationship between GDP was found, and predictions were made based on this.

A new database on Green GDP; 1970-2019: a framework for assessing the green economy

Research background: Numerous modern indicators are attempting to integrate better economic, political, social, and environmental ambitions to uncover potential synergy, trade-offs, and future views that center around the notion of a so-called green economy. As long as the various indicators are not bounded in one comprehensive measurement, utilizing knowledge of relevant information and statistics that are crucial for monitoring the progress will not give us answers on the progress towards green growth either. Without an adequate measurement framework and robust statistics, the evaluation of the green economy is open to subjective reasoning. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to offer a strong standpoint for green topics by exploring the concept of Green GDP. The paper introduces a new, updated database on Green GDP for the set of 160 countries from 1970?2019. Methods: This database is distinctive due to its balanced coverage of two components of the green economy: quantitative feature (standard methodological algorithm) and qualitative feature (opportunity costs) within a common Green GDP accounting framework. Findings & value added: Standardizing new methodologies and procedures for estimating environmental costs with a statistical foundation provides added value, which we hope will support the creation of reliable accounting and valuation systems for the green economy on a developing "green platform."

Measuring the macroeconomic determinants of agricultural price volatility: Implications for natural resource commodity prices for green recovery.

With rapid growth, green economic recovery has been a key agenda for the globe. However, the price volatility for natural resources plays a significant role in reshaping the green recovery. Therefore, the current study investigates the impact of green recovery, hum, a capital index, GDP growth, foreign direct investment and inflation on natural resource volatility in China from 1995 to 2020. In order to investigate the long-term association among selected variables, this study employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model. In addition, the current research uses the Aikaik information (AIC) criteria for the model selections. Obtained outcomes show the significant contribution of green recovery, human capital, GDP growth, FDI and inflation increase the natural resource price volatility level. However, to validate the results of ARDL, this study also used the ECM approach and validated the prior findings. On behalf of outcomes, the current study implies some imperative policies to attain the desired objective for green growth.

Local officials’ tenure and CO2 emissions in China

Under China’s unique decentralized governance mechanism, local officials’ career incentive mode and behavioral preferences have an important impact on CO2 emission reduction. Based on a panel data set including local officials’ experience information, this paper investigates the impact and mechanism of local officials’ tenure on CO2 emissions in China. We find that CO2 emissions show an inverted U-shaped trend of rising first and then falling during the governors’ tenure, with the peak occurring in their nearly fourth year in office. The strategic investment and fiscal policies implemented by officials during their tenure provide an explanation for this finding. In particular, introducing CO2 emission reduction targets in the evaluation system of local officials shifts the strategic arrangements implemented by local officials during their tenure, with no significant effect of provincial governors’ tenure on CO2 emissions. Our findings provide empirical evidence for China’s shift from a GDP-based official evaluation system to a green GDP.

Evaluating Agricultural Sustainability and Green GDP in China: An Emergy Analysis

Agricultural sustainability is the foundation and a guarantee of sustainable human reproduction. The scientific assessment of China's agricultural sustainability is a prerequisite for properly resolving the conflict between short-term economic interests and long-term ecological security. This paper uses the emergy analysis method to estimate agricultural sustainability in China and further calculates the agricultural environmental cost and green GDP. The results show that China's agricultural emergy yield rate (EYR) is generally greater than 1. This means that more emergy is obtained in relation to renewable and non-renewable inputs from human activity, which also indicates that China's agricultural agroecosystem is characteristic of a profound transition from a self-supporting tradition to a modern industry based on external economic resource consumption. In contrast, China's agricultural growth is mainly driven by the input of a large amount of non-renewable resources, which makes the environmental loading rate (ELR) increase year by year, resulting in the deterioration of China's agricultural emergy sustainability index (ESI). China's agricultural green GDP accounts for about 94.4% of traditional GDP, which means that the average agricultural environmental cost is about 5.6%, mainly from land loss, accounting for 48.23% of the environmental cost.

Impact of Digital Finance on Energy Efficiency in the Context of Green Sustainable Development

Limited by ecological conditions, in order to improve the innovation efficiency concerning energy, a change from “extensive” to “green” is required. The development of sustainable technology is the most important productive force. Economic development is centered on finance. Only by mutual penetration and interaction can China’s energy innovation be effectively promoted. “Green GDP (Gross Domestic Product)” is the main direction of China’s current economic development. A sustainable green digital economy is the primary condition for promoting energy efficiency, and it is the key to improving energy efficiency in China to achieve a green transition. Green finance for sustainable development refers to economic finance centered on energy conservation, environmental protection and technological innovation. Attention is constantly paid to the financial industry in China, and we are trying to combine the concept of environmental protection with financial development to promote the continuous development of China’s environmental protection economy. A company’s economic and environmental benefits will be improved from the point of view of improving resource conservation and reducing the environmental impact of equipment and processes. To achieve this goal, the “efficiency effect” of the financial system needs to be fully exploited to maximize energy efficiency. An empirical study about the relationship of financial performance and energy efficiency in the green sector is carried out while considering the environmental constraints. The results show that the expansion of the financial scale and the adjustment of the financial structure have increased the energy utilization efficiency by more than 15% from the past to the present and reduced the pollution of the ecological environment by more than 10% nationwide, realizing the effective allocation of resources. Digital finance is a new generation of financial services that combines the Internet and information technology with traditional financial service formats. Including Internet payment, mobile payment, online banking, financial service outsourcing and online loans, online insurance, online funds and other financial services. Therefore, the sustainable development of all aspects of finance has a huge catalytic effect on the doubling of energy utilization efficiency.

Evaluation of Urban Sustainability Based on Development Structures and Economic Aggregates: A Case Study of Jiaxing, China

Urban sustainability is the comprehensive manifestation of development structures and economic aggregates. The current sustainable evaluation of cities from a single aspect cannot comprehensively reflect urban sustainable development. Based on emergy, this study constructs an assessment method of urban sustainability from development structures and economic aggregates. Jiaxing is the case study explored as the sustainable development model of cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) of China. High sustainability of economic aggregates is found in Jiaxing, which is driven by the growth of green GDP. However, the urban development of Jiaxing primarily depends on the input of ecosystem resources, which hinders the sustainability of development structures within Jiaxing. These findings indicate that economic aggregates drive the development of Jiaxing and that the development structures within Jiaxing are unsustainable, resulting from the low sustainability of the natural subsystem and the economic subsystem. As such, it is proposed that industrial structures, development models, and management policies be adopted within cities in the YRD of China in order to promote sustainable development of cities in the YRD of China. This study, therefore, seeks to provide methodological guidance for urban sustainable evaluation.

A study on the impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions with U-shape and regulatory effect

The Chinese government set a goal in 2009 to cut carbon emissions by 40–45 percent of 2005 GDP per unit by 2020. The role of fiscal decentralization reform in strengthening environmental governance has gained importance. This paper explored the impact of fiscal decentralization reform from 2010 to 2019 on carbon dioxide emissions in China. We utilized the first-order differential dynamic panel econometrics model to examine the correlation between fiscal decentralization and carbon dioxide emission under fiscal imbalance and transfer indirect effects. The findings revealed that 1) fiscal imbalance reduced CO2 emissions due to the decentralization of revenue, and expenditure asymmetry undermined CO2 emissions control. 2) The central government’s transfer payments offset the negative consequences of a fiscal imbalance. The fiscal decentralization of the government caused a difference between regional income and expenditures in the budget. However, it could affect local government expenditure on carbon emission control through central transfer payments, which could restrain carbon emissions and control environmental pollution. 3) The impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon dioxide emissions was influenced by the industrial structure with the U-Shape effect. This was because the adjustment of the industrial structure was cross-term. In the early stage of the industrial structure adjustment, there was a significant decline in coal consumption demand and carbon emissions reduced. However, as the proportion of the secondary industry increased, there was a significant positive correlation between the secondary sector and carbon dioxide emissions in China. Our findings have important policy implications. First, while the promotion of Chinese officials is based on local GDP performance, locals may introduce green GDP as the criterion for rating governments’ performance. Second, local governments should improve environmental governance by increasing technical, environmental protection, and innovation investment. All in all, the findings provide a theoretical basis for relevant research and policy suggestions for China.