Green Community Research Articles

VALUE CO-CREATION FOR MARKETING INNOVATION: COMPARATIVE STUDY IN THE SME COMMUNITY

The study of value co-creation for marketing innovation in the small–medium enterprise (SME) community is still overlooked despite its contribution to economic development. This study offers a platform of value co-creation model for marketing innovation and compares its application to the green and business-as-usual SME communities. Structural equation modelling is conducted to test the hypotheses of both model applications. Key persons in the community were interviewed to enrich the quantitative results. The result shows the relationships between collaborative networks and dynamic interactions with resource integration as well as their impact on marketing innovation. Collaborative networks and dynamic interactions demonstrate significantly positive influences on marketing innovation in the business-as-usual SME community, whereas the green SME community only engages in internal dynamic interactions to build internal value co-creation. Policymakers may adopt this model to evaluate SMEs’ business performance by measuring the value co-creation effect on the community’s capacity development.

What is the role of social media in several overtones of CSR communication? The case of the wine industry in the Southern Italian regions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand whether the companies most involved in communicating their responsible behaviour externally are those most active on the social media (SM) platform, with a philanthropic purpose rather than strictly aimed at economic aspects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors, first, assess firms’ efforts on the SM platform using the model proposed by Chung et al. (2014), and, second, the authors analyze the content of messages in order to verify what dimensions of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) they contain. A multivariate modelling has been performed in order to verify whether the wineries that take most care to communicate their responsible behaviour are those that are more involved in the management of Social Network. The wineries’ effort in SM platform was analyzed using the model proposed by Chung et al. (2014), which consider three dimensions named intensity, richness and responsiveness. In order to verify the relationship between the SM effort and their engagement in CSR initiatives, the Probit model has been utilized taking into consideration four CSR dimension (Green CSR, Ethical CSR, Community CSR and Cultural CSR).FindingsThe findings show that wineries most involved in corporate social responsibility initiatives and in the active communication of these initiatives on SM platforms are those that are most active on SM and in particular those that interact most with their web users, triggering in them some reactions that lead to the sharing of content and, therefore, having a significant impact on the dissemination of information through SM.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations of this study are related to the limited sample size, the time period considered.Practical implicationsThis study provides insight and hints into wine entrepreneurs interested in improving the effectiveness of their CSR communication via SM showing the importance of the interactive dimension of SM, in order to reduce scepticism and gain greater credibility on the market.Originality/valueThis study uses four dimensions of the companies’ SM efforts’ built on the basis of a number of variables that are more explicative of the SM engagement.

Do sustainable community rating systems address resilience?

Extensive damages and numerous casualties are produced by natural disasters and hazards in urban areas. Hence, the absorption, recovery and adaptation to them through resilience are highly necessary to ensure operation and enhancement of urban systems. The significance of urbanization led to launch some tools such as BREEAM Communities, CASBEE for Urban Development, DNGB Urban Districts, Green Star Communities, LEED for Neighbourhood Development or STAR Community to promote sustainable development in communities and cities. After selecting the most relevant community rating systems, this research determined their adequacy to handle urban challenges by benchmarking them against the major international efforts and some relevant resilience assessment tools extracted from the study of eight global frameworks. Thus, the Sendai Framework and the 2030 Agenda represented the former, whilst the latter considered the City Resilience Index and the City Resilience Profiling Tool. The findings of this investigation revealed that the indicators of STAR Community and BREEAM Communities reflected the highest level of correspondence with the resilience assessment frameworks. However, the existence of prominent gaps in all the screened community rating systems suggests the need for developing a new tool involving both resilience and sustainability.

녹색커뮤니티 계획요소와 도시재생 사업유형 간의 중요도 분석 및 적용

녹색커뮤니티 계획요소와 도시재생 사업유형 간의 중요도 분석 및 적용

Technique, Creativity, and Sustainability of Bamboo Craft Courses: Teaching Educational Practices for Sustainable Development

The 18-year history of bamboo craftsmanship in the university curriculum of Taiwan started with the popularization of concepts such as green design, community building, and cultural and creative industries. Bamboo is an environmentally-friendly material that has received much attention in the 21st century. Craftsmanship has drawn the attention of universities. This study uses participatory observation and interviews to collect information on bamboo craft courses in four departments of three universities and uses qualitative coding analysis to explore the sustainable teaching methods of craftsmanship teachers, sustainable development learning effects on students, and different ways of promoting sustainable development education (ESD) with bamboo craft courses in different universities. The research results show the following: (1) There are differences in bamboo craft courses: teachers’ craftsmanship and curricula are different, resulting in differences in technical depth and creativity; (2) with respect to the ESD evaluation criteria of the four bamboo craft courses, skills learning itself is not complete, but students are provided with a path to self-reliance in the craft and in responding to cultural sustainability challenges; and (3) regarding the relationship between ESD and bamboo craft education, bamboo craft education promotes the concept of sustainability and is important for the creation of crafts; universities offer opportunities for testing students’ technical talents and knowledge, but ESD is limited and blurry.

Snow algae communities in Antarctica: metabolic and taxonomic composition.

Summary Snow algae are found in snowfields across cold regions of the planet, forming highly visible red and green patches below and on the snow surface. In Antarctica, they contribute significantly to terrestrial net primary productivity due to the paucity of land plants, but our knowledge of these communities is limited. Here we provide the first description of the metabolic and species diversity of green and red snow algae communities from four locations in Ryder Bay (Adelaide Island, 68°S), Antarctic Peninsula.During the 2015 austral summer season, we collected samples to measure the metabolic composition of snow algae communities and determined the species composition of these communities using metabarcoding.Green communities were protein‐rich, had a high chlorophyll content and contained many metabolites associated with nitrogen and amino acid metabolism. Red communities had a higher carotenoid content and contained more metabolites associated with carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism. Chloromonas, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella were found in green blooms but only Chloromonas was detected in red blooms. Both communities also contained bacteria, protists and fungi.These data show the complexity and variation within snow algae communities in Antarctica and provide initial insights into the contribution they make to ecosystem functioning.

Big-data analysis for carbon emission reduction from cars: Towards walkable green smart community

To achieve low carbon cities or green smart city, it is very important to foresee how we can reduce the number of cars in the residential communities without losing convenience and comfort of people. For that purpose, walkability is one of the key performance indicators expressing the environmental quality of a district. As the first step for creating a low-carbon smart community, this study attempts to evaluate the influence of walkability on traffic behavior of people by using mobile GPS data. Specifically, we statistically analyze the relationship between various walkability indices (centrality, betweenness, angularity, etc.) evaluated by road network data, and pedestrian movement estimated by mobile GPS data in the six main wards in Tokyo, Japan. The result suggests the usefulness of our approach for low-carbon smart community design rousing people’s walking activity. The walkability results and data are then compared to the results of a macrosimulation traffic model for the Sumida Ward of Tokyo to understand the impact that walkability may have on emissions if built environment conditions are improved in favor of a lesser automobile mode share.

Associations between Green Building Design Strategies and Community Health Resilience to Extreme Heat Events: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.

This project examined evidence linking green building design strategies with the potential to enhance community resilience to extreme heat events. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method for a systematic review, it assessed the strength of the evidence supporting the potential for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) credit requirements to reduce the adverse effects of extreme heat events and/or enhance a building’s passive survivability (i.e., the ability to continue to function during utility outages) during those events. The PRISMA Flow Diagram resulted in the selection of 12 LEED for New Construction (LEED NC) credits for inclusion in the review. Following a preliminary scan of evidence supporting public health co-benefits of the LEED for Neighborhood Development rating system, queries were submitted in PubMed using National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings Terms. Queries identified links between LEED credit requirements and risk of exposure to extreme heat, environmental determinants of health, co-benefits to public health outcomes, and co-benefits to built environment outcomes. Public health co-benefits included reducing the risk of vulnerability to heat stress and reducing heat-related morbidity and mortality. The results lay the groundwork for collaboration across the public health, civil society, climate change, and green building sectors.

Patterns in urban butterflies and spontaneous plants across a University campus in Japan

University campuses often contain contiguous areas of urban green space (UGS) which are otherwise scarce in large cities and, thus, may provide critical habitat for numerous species. In this study, we evaluate butterfly and plant diversity at Chiba University in Japan from five UGS types, including intensive green roofs, meadows, roadsides, open spaces, and community gardens. Surveying non-destructively every two weeks from June to November 2010, we identified 707 individual butterflies to 25 species from five families, including red-listed species (e.g. Parantica sita Kollar, 1844). However, one species, Pseudozizeeria maha Kollar, 1848, represented over 50% of all individuals surveyed. Butterflies in the family Papilionidae showed strong preference for roadside habitat, indicating the importance of ‘butterfly flyways’ and contiguous habitat corridors on University campuses. Butterfly richness and abundance was significantly different between UGS types and highest in the community garden and roadsides. We recorded 70 garden plant species and 117 spontaneous plant species (which grew opportunistically, without design input), of which 58% were native. Total plant richness was positively correlated with butterfly species richness, and non-native spontaneous plant species richness was positively correlated with butterfly richness, abundance, diversity, and evenness. Additionally, 76% of the spontaneous species identified were determined to be used by butterflies as larval hosts or for adult feeding. Identification of spontaneous plant species and use of selective weeding should be included in landscape management planning on campuses to promote butterflies, which can act as ambassadors for biodiversity conservation and help connect people to nature.

Construction of Green Community Index System under the Background of Community Construction

Under the background of community construction, green community has become a concentrated embodiment of human pursuit of high-quality life. Green community plays an important role in saving energy, improving living environment and promoting sustainable development. By establishing the evaluation index system of green community, this paper attempts to make a more comprehensive evaluation from the aspects of resources, environment and management mode of green community, to effectively evaluate the development level of green community, to provide reference for government departments to manage and develop the development of decision-making green community, to provide guidance for planning and designing green community environment, and to provide direction for the construction of green sustainable development. At the same time, it is beneficial to the promotion and development of green environmental protection technology.

Price‐premium effects of business and community green certifications: The case of the Costa Rican hotel industry

AbstractThis study examines whether community‐level green certification strengthens or weakens firm‐level environmental certification performance's effect on Costa Rican hotel room prices. Identifying how different types of environmental (green) certifications complement or substitute one another in their influence on economic benefits is essential for understanding how self‐regulations programs can promote win–win green business strategies that contribute to sustainable development. Relying on a propensity score‐matching approach, we analyze participation in two voluntary environmental certification programs for the entire population of Costa Rican hotels and beach communities between 2001 and 2008. Our findings suggest that for hotels with low to medium environmental certification performance, community‐level green certification acts as a substitute weakening the positive effect of hotel environmental certification performance on price premiums. Alternatively, for hotels with superior environmental certification performance, green community certification acts as a complement strengthening the positive effect of hotel environmental certification performance on price premiums.

ATTITUDE AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE PROVISION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPEN SPACES OF THE YARD IN PALEMBANG

The existence of private green open spacesofthe yard whichinvolves community participation in the provision and utilization of green open space has not been synergized with the city government program for the achievement of green open spaces mandated by the statutory regulations.With the statutory regulationson community involvement, this researchaimstoexamine the community attitudes andparticipation in the provision and utilization of green open space of the yard in Palembangby region with certain density.Dataanalysisused in thisresearch is a quantitative analysis based on questionnaires which collected from respondents whom have privatehome yard. Non-parametricstatisticaltests using the Mann-Whitney test to analyze the differences between the regions. Statistical tests of correlation Spearman rank and Somers'dusedto analyze the relationship between variables.The results showed the highscore of community attitude, while the participation of the community belong in the low score. Thereis a significant difference between community in low density regions with community in high density regions as shown in the correlation between the level of community attitudes toward community participation in the provision and utilization of green open space.

Assemblages for community-led social housing regeneration

This paper connects two debates previously featured in City: ‘Assemblage and Critical Urban Praxis’ and ‘London’s Housing Crisis and its Activism’. The paper uses assemblage thinking to explore how community organisations and campaigns in London use a combination of different tools, which engage with the planning system and other actions or strategies outside planning, to resist council estate demolition and propose alternative community-led plans incorporating the needs and wishes of residents. The paper first looks at the planning tools available in the English Localism Act 2011 for involving residents in decision-making processes, examining their limitations when being used to oppose council estate demolition while proposing alternative plans. Four case studies of campaigns and community organisations—Greater Carpenters Neighbourhood Forum, Focus E15, Save Cressingham, and West Ken and Gibbs Green Community Homes—are then used to explore how they have generated three kinds of assemblages which create capabilities for self-organisation, resisting demolition, and influencing decision-making processes. The first kind of assemblage combines formal and informal strategies—some engaging with the planning system and some not; the second uses both formal and informal organisations based on the desired objectives and the nature of their actions; and finally, the third builds support networks with professionals and other initiatives.

베이비부머 전후세대의 공동주택 외부환경과 건강관련 삶의 질 지표에 대한 인식 분석

The survey is performed to identify the perception of baby boomer and others about relation between healthrelated quality of life(HRQoL) and outdoor environment. EQ-5D tool is used to figure out the human factors regarding HRQoL. Mobility and anxiety/depression factors are considered as the major factors influence HRQoL relating outdoor environment of multi-family housings. The results of the study indicate the baby boomer more feels that the green space and community space in multi-family housing(apartment) have positive effects on HRQoL while outdoor steps and stairs have negative effects. Woman and people with disorder replied that the outdoor steps and stairs lowers the HRQoL. There was a clear perception gap between the previously mentioned groups and the other groups. Consequently, it is required to design outdoor environment appropriately to improve HRQoL of occupants.

Implementation of Accreditation-Based Management Standards at the Pontianak Green Community Learning Activity Center

<p>The purpose of this study is to describe the planning of accreditation-based management standards at the community learning center (PKBM) of Pondok Hijau in Pontianak and describe the planning of accreditation-based management standards at the learning center of Pondok Hijau Pontianak community. The approach used in this study is qualitative research, with ethnographic procedures, because researchers intend to explore in-depth and comprehensive information, then analyze, and interpret individual patterns or behaviors that develop over time in non-formal education units, namely PKBM. As for the object of research or data sources (informants) are: Chairperson, GTK, parents of students, figures/forums representative of the local community, Department of Education and Culture, as well as partners of education units that are used as research objects in PKBM Pondok Hijau Pontianak, and research results more emphasis on meaning than generalization. The results obtained from this study are 1) planning for the implementation of management standards has met the maximum achievement according to the PKBM unit accreditation assessment rubric; 2) implementation of management standards still need to be more intensively involved with related parties; 3) supervision of<br />the implementation of management standards has not met the maximum achievement according to the accreditation guidelines; and 4) reports on the implementation of management standards meet the maximum achievements according to the rubric of accreditation assessment for PKBM clusters, both the results of activities and finances are reported in full per activity, submitted periodically to the relevant parties.</p>

녹색커뮤니티 관점에서 도시재생 계획요소의 제시

Purpose: Recent urban regeneration is taking a complex approach to urban decline and climate change. Now, there is an increasing interest in urban regeneration in response to climate change due to the increase in fossil fuels as well as urban decline. Therefore, it is requested to respond to the social and economic crisis caused by the decline of the city and the natural and environmental crisis caused by climate change. The purpose of this study is to present urban regeneration planning elements in response to the complex crises of urban decline and climate change. Methods: The analysis framework of the study is the view of the green community, which is to approach the decline of the city and the response to climate change in a two-way complex relationship at the community level. First, review and write the principles that are claimed by recent urban theories; second, we understand the extent to which principles are applied in existing urban paradigms. Third, we draw out the planning elements from the reconstructed principles that apply to the case analysis and present the planning elements after the brainstorming process. Results: The proposed elements of the Urban Regeneration Planning are basic research to be applied to the green community urban regeneration model and future urban regeneration project plans. This can improve the quality of life than existing urban regeneration projects.

Practice of Sponge City Construction in a residential area of Tianjin

Taking a residential area as example, this paper introduced the designing strategies for the Sponge City Design Project in Tianjin. The geographical conditions, rainfall characteristics, the underlying surface conditions, vertical conditions, and drainage systems were analyzed to select the suitable low-impact development measures. It was found that the green lands, permeable pavements, and rainwater buckets had met the requirements for the control of total annual runoff, surface-source pollution control, and rainwater reuse required by the eco-city. The construction of the Sponge City Rainwater System will not only allow the building community to meet the evaluation criteria for green buildings and green communities, but also gain government support, increase the social awareness of construction developers, and increase social benefits. In addition, the Sponge City Rainwater System also brings good ecological benefits to real estate projects.

The Study on the Integration of Green Architecture and Appropriate Technology

The study does some discussions by putting green architecture and appropriate technology into the same framework. On the one hand, appropriate technology can be used as one of the design principle for green architecture, in order to help us assess scientifically to the architecture, and deepen the theory and practice of green architecture. On the other hand, the concept of appropriate technology which arisen from the West, will face the current situation of confrontation and challenge in China's regional social. The development of green architecture and appropriate technology will have been a interactional and mutual learning process for a very long time. The research not only put forward suggestions on theory and practice of green architecture and technology, but also rethink the applicability of current technological and social concept by the case of American Village homes green community, in order to open up the communication cooperation space and explore the feasibility for remolding the modern society.

A Preliminary Investigation of the Transition from Green Building to Green Community: Insights from LEED ND

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighborhood Development (LEED ND) rating system has been considered one of the major tools to assess the performance of green communities. However, few studies have been conducted on how the traditional focus on green building can be effectively transitioned to green communities. In order to facilitate the transition process, this paper reviews and analyzes the credits obtained from LEED ND 2009 certified plans. A total of 55 projects were identified from the LEED project directory of the U.S. Green Building Council. The performance of these neighborhood development projects, including project landscape, percentage of achievement and predictors of LEED ND rating, was analyzed. The performance was then compared with the performance of green buildings certified under LEED New Construction (LEED NC). The results indicate that there is an unbalanced allocation of credits to economic, social and environmental sustainability in the LEED ND rating. In addition, green infrastructure and building credits, such as wastewater management, on-site renewable energy and solar orientation, have extremely low percentage of achievement, indicating that these credits should be redesigned. The results provide useful insights for developers to prepare for LEED ND certification and for regulatory bodies to improve the performance of the current LEED ND rating system.

Green Schoolyards Support Healthy Bodies, Minds and Communities

Green Schoolyards Support Healthy Bodies, Minds and Communities