Green Airport Research Articles

A Smart Transformer for the Electrical Power System of Green Airports: Smart Power Management

A Smart Transformer for the Electrical Power System of Green Airports: Smart Power Management

Towards Greener Airports: Landscape of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Based on RSV-P (Road Speed Bump’s Vibration Power Plant)

Abstract One potential that can be implemented at Ngurah Rai International Airport considering the number of passengers, parking capacity, and the implementation of Bali Governor Regulation No. 45 of 2019 concerning Clean Energy Bali and Bali Governor Regulation No. 48 of 2019 concerning the use of Battery-Based Electric Vehicles (BEVs), is the landscape of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations based on RSV-P (Road Speed Bump’s Vibration Power Plant). This research focuses on the landscape of a charging station based on RSV-P. This research activity was carried out by the authors using literacy study data collection techniques, field studies and sources of information using secondary data. The landscape is designed to incorporate local wisdom and cultural aspects of the Balinese community, making designs by simulating calculations based on previous research results, calculating the position of speed bumps, batteries storage, charging stations include solar panels, parking areas according to conditions at domestic terminals and considering the average influx of about 300 to 500 four-wheelers and six-wheelers (buses) every day RSV-P can be applied as an initial study for the management of Ngurah Rai Int Airport. The impact of this research is to provide a study option for implementing green energy towards a green airport, by prioritizing green energy initiatives at Ngurah Rai Int airport, we are not only investing in environmental sustainability, but also in a more efficient, innovative, and competitive airport future.

A Preliminary Study on the Planning and Construction Path of Zero-carbon Airport:A Case Study of Xiamen Xiang'an Airport

Abstract: As a large-scale airport construction during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, Xiamen Xiang'an Airport aims to become a benchmark of “green airport” and a “zero-carbon airport”. This paper describes the research of Xiamen Xiang'an Airport on the excellent cases of low-carbon airport construction at home and abroad, and clarifies that Xiamen Xiang'an Airport needs to increase the proportion of renewable energy utilization, promote the reform. of airport electrification and strengthen intelligent management in order to achieve a zero-carbon airport. In the planning stage, Xiamen Xiang'an Airport should make a zero-carbon airport planning, improve the low-carbon construction index system, and formulate a carbon neutral path planning. In the design stage, Xiamen Xiang'an Airport promotes the planning and construction of zero-carbon airport: Optimize the airside and landside operation efficiency of the airport, apply the terminal photovoltaic system, water storage system and APU replacement system to achieve low carbon emission reduction, recycle water resource, and minimize the impact on the ecological environment. Finally, through the high-performance maintenance structure, natural lighting and natural ventilation and other passive technologies combined with efficient energy equipment and systems, the goal to build a Three Stars Green Building terminal is achieved. Although there is still a certain distance for Xiamen Xiang'an Airport to become a zero- carbon airport, it is worthwhile to learn from the path of Xiamen Xiang'an Airport of exploring a zerocarbon airport: The construction of zero-carbon airport should be planned and formulate a carbon-neutral path, pay attention to the two aspects of “Renewable energy” and “energy saving”, make greater use of new energy and better use of energy-saving measures, so as to enhance the effect of carbon reduction and enhance the carbon sink capacity of airports to create favorable conditions for the realization of “zero carbon airport”.

The synergistic evolution of supply-demand composite system for airport green development: A case study in Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, China.

Given the pressing requirements for sustainable development in civil aviation, conducting a synergistic evolution analysis of the supply and demand aspects in the airport green development holds great significance. This analysis helps achieve sustainable airport development and facilitates the green transformation of civil aviation development. Taking a collaborative learning approach and utilizing historical data from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport spanning 2008 to 2019, the supply-demand composite system for airport green development was deconstructed into two subsystems-demand and supply-and relevant evaluation index systems were established in this paper. A screening and optimization model of supply and demand synergy indicators for airport green development was constructed, and it was solved using a simulated annealing genetic algorithm. The Haken model was constructed to analyze the synergistic evolutionary relationship of the composite system of supply and demand for green airport development in two stages. The results indicate a shift in the order parameter of the co-evolution of the supply-demand composite system at Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, moving from the demand subsystem in the first stage (2008-2015) to the supply subsystem in the second stage (2016-2019). The co-evolution of the airport supply-demand composite system has entered a new stage, but has not reached a high level of synergy. The study not only contributes theoretically by explaining the interaction mechanism between supply and demand for airport green development, but also offers targeted suggestions for achieving high-quality synergistic evolution of supply and demand for airport green development.

Selection of Secondary Hub Airport Location Based on Connectivity and Green Airport Solutions

Selection of Secondary Hub Airport Location Based on Connectivity and Green Airport Solutions

An adaptive energy management strategy for airports to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 via waste, wind, and solar power

After the border lockdown, global traffic has returned, making green airports a government goal to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) use for commercial aircraft alone won't help achieve net-zero emissions (NEZ). An independent renewable energy supply system at airports is urgently needed to implement green airports worldwide. This study develops a renewable energy power supply system that integrates wind, photovoltaic (PV), and waste-to-energy (WTE) sources to investigate a new adaptive model predictive control (MPC) energy management strategy based on airport operational characteristics. Simulations of Copenhagen Airport’s energy programme confirmed this energy management strategy’s feasibility. Energy management scenarios for two typical summer and winter load days were simulated for case studies. Field data from Copenhagen was used for simulation analysis, and experimental modelling of the airport’s energy scheme proved the energy management program’s practicality. The simulations show that Copenhagen airport renewable energy generates half of its electricity in winter and 81.0% in summer. A total operating cost of USD 36,087.83/day in summer and USD 102,061.20/day in winter is needed to reduce carbon emissions by 41.19 Mt/day in summer and 43.96 Mt/day in winter. This approach should help deploy green airports worldwide and reach carbon neutrality by 2050.

A CNN-GRU Hybrid Model for Predicting Airport Departure Taxiing Time

Scene taxiing time is an important indicator for assessing the operational efficiency of airports as well as green airports, and it is also a fundamental parameter in flight regularity statistics. The accurate prediction of taxiing time can help decision makers to further optimize flight pushback sequences and improve airport operational efficiency while increasing flight punctuality. In this paper, we propose a hybrid deep learning model for departure taxiing time prediction based on the new influence factors of taxiing time. Taking Pudong International Airport as the research object, after analyzing the scene operation mode, we construct the origin–destination pairs (ODPs) with stand groups and runways and then propose two structure-related factors, corridor departure flow and departure flow proportion of ODP, as the new features. Based on the new feature set, we construct a departure taxiing dataset for training the prediction model. Then, a departure taxiing time prediction model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and gated recurrent units (GRUs) is proposed, which uses a CNN model to extract the high-dimensional features from the taxiing data and then inputs them to a GRU model for taxiing time prediction. Finally, we conduct a series of comparison experiments on the historical taxiing dataset of Pudong Airport. The prediction results show that the proposed hybrid prediction model has the best performances compared with other deep learning models, and the proposed structure-related features have high correlations with departure taxiing time. The prediction results of taxiing time for different ODPs also verify the generalizability of the proposed model.

Evaluating airports' Sustainable Development Goals by using multi-criteria decision making methodologies.

The recent growth of the aviation industry, which poses significant environmental challenges, has heightened the pressure on the sustainability of airports. Airport sustainability requires a holistic approach that encompasses economic, social, environmental, and operational aspects. In this regard, the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Agenda provides a roadmap for the aviation industry. However, despite recognizing the importance of SDGs, aviation authorities and airports often fail to effectively integrate them into their activities and annual reports. This study aims to evaluate the significance of SDGs for airports and select the airport that prioritizes SDGs the most using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodologies. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) methods, which are MCDM techniques, to enhance airport sustainability. The SWARA method is employed to evaluate and assign weights to the SDGs in the context of airports. SDG 8 holds the highest level of significance among the goals concerning airports, while SDG 14 falls outside the scope of airport sustainability aspects. Then, five international airports that have been designated as green airports by aviation authorities and assessment organizations are selected, and the optimal alternative is determined using the WASPAS method, considering the weights obtained through SWARA. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport is the top choice due to its successful implementations and reports aligning with the SDGs.

Green airport, concept and general development framework

Airports around the world are increasing their efforts to reduce their environmental impacts by implementing environmental management systems. This line of action of the airport industry, which has been in place for no more than fifteen years, aims to transform the airport into what is called a “green airport.” This is understood as an airport whose design, operation, and administration are carried out in such a way that its environmental impact is as low as possible, making its management sustainable. Therefore, this article presents a general framework for developing the concept, along with an analysis of airport operational processes that negatively affect the environment. Based on this, policies, strategies, and management processes are suggested that allow minimizing or canceling these adverse effects on the airport environment to bring it closer to the concept of a “green airport.”

Optimal dispatch model for aviation-fuel vehicles in refuelling operations

Taiwan Taoyuan international airport has been devoted to becoming a green airport in recent years, aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (CDEs) from ground handling services. Refuelling operations play a pivotal role in airport operations and, given the short and frequent nature of flight takeoffs and landings, demand substantial work. Different aircraft types and flight lengths require varying refuelling operations, and the inefficient and unrealistic dispatch of aviation-fuel vehicles can lead to flight delays. In this study, time–space network flow techniques were used to formalise the flow of aviation-fuel vehicles in both space and time. Based on the problem characteristics and by adding appropriate constraints, the aim of this work was to minimise CDEs and construct an optimal model for the refuelling operation scheduling of aviation-fuel vehicles. The proposed model was evaluated through a case study, and conclusions and recommendations are presented.

Achieving Green Airport Standards by Managing Indoor CO and CO2 Levels at Domestic Terminal of Banyuwangi Airport

Introduction: Green Airport is an airport development concept designed to be healthy. Excess levels of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the room can cause discomfort in the form of headache, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, and feeling confused and weak. This study aimed to determine the implementation of CO and CO2 control in rooms to achieve a green airport at Banyuwangi Airport.
 Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the obtained data were compared with related regulations. The physical and chemical quality of indoor air was measured at 85 points in three main rooms at risk using CO and CO2 detectors. Control was done through observing and measuring ventilation and detection systems in the entire occupied space.
 Results: The measurement results of CO and CO2 levels have met the specified threshold value below 29 ppm for CO and 5000 ppm for CO2. Physical quality measurements have not met the requirements for indoor temperature above 27.1°C and humidity above 60%. The assessment of ventilation aspects in the domestic terminal building of Banyuwangi Airport was achieved based on SNI 03-6572-2001 received 29 rooms or 74.3% of the rooms, 10 rooms that do not fit the ventilation system are toilet.
 Conclusion: The results of the assessment conducted show that there are still aspects that are not in accordance with the provisions of green buildings.

Energy Forecasting Model for Ground Movement Operation in Green Airport

The aviation industry has driven economic growth and facilitated cultural exchange over the past century. However, concerns have arisen regarding its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and potential impact on climate change. In response to this challenge, stakeholders have proposed the use of electric ground support vehicles, powered by renewable energy sources, at airports. This solution aims to not only reduce emissions, but to also lower energy costs. Nonetheless, the successful implementation of such a system relies on accurate energy demand forecasting, which is influenced by flight data and fluctuations in renewable energy availability. This paper presents a novel data-driven, machine-learning-based energy prediction model that compared the performance of the Facebook Prophet and vector autoregressive integrated moving average algorithms to develop time series models to forecast the ground movement operation net energy demand in the airport, using historical flight data and an onsite airport-based PV power system (ASPV). The results demonstrate the superiority of the Facebook Prophet model over the vector autoregressive integrated moving average (VARIMA), highlighting its utility for airport operators and planners in managing energy consumption and preparing for future electrified ground movement operations at the airport.

Sustainable practices and green policies in airports: the case of airport of Thessaloniki Makedonia

The research examines the green practices and sustainable policy actions in airports. The case study, the airport of Thessaloniki, is located by the seashore of Thermaikos Gulf and has been upgraded with a new terminal recently. We study how sustainable practices, eco friendly actions and green policies are accomplished in this airport. Other green airports and their practices are discussed. Further, we register polluting factors and activities aiming to reduce footprint in the airport Makedonia. At the end, we provide a model description of the “green route” of a passenger with the green points in the airport.

Green Concept of Kulon Progo Airport Development Using UMI Simulation

High energy consumption on the airport becomes a very crucial issue nowadays. Uninterruptable energy supply is required to support airline’s activity and keep the passenger convenience. Regarding the mentioned problem, there is a need to enhance the current plan of the airport with green airport concept. Green airport concept also known as eco-airport is an airport that adopted green and sustainable ecosystem concept to integrate community and environment that lead to reduction of energy consumption. The blueprint of Kulon Progo airport with green concept located in D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia has been made and the construction will be start in the mid of 2016. The airport has a FAR of 0.16 with 637 hectares land area. This study is simulating the plan to assess the energy consumption and CO2 emission in each part of the building in Kulon Progo Airport by using Urban Modeling Interface simulator. From the results, it can be seen that the passenger terminal building is responsible for the highest share with 1,351,861.01 Kwh while second floor of ATC building has the highest CO2 emission 2,679.77 kgCO2/m

GREEN SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION FOR MALAYSIA AIRLINE COMPANIES

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework of airlines customer’s evaluation of green service quality toward customer’s satisfaction provided by Malaysia Airline Companies.
 
 Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper reviews the conceptual and empirical literature to develop a model of the various aspects of the service quality – customer satisfaction relationship encompassed by the concept of ‘airline customer satisfaction’ and to assess the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods of measurement. Six conceptual dimensions are identified: (1) Airline tangibles (2) Terminal tangibles (3) Personnel (4) Empathy (5) Image (6) Green Airport (7) Customer Satisfaction
 Findings: Integration of these dimensions into a conceptual framework that describes the relationships among the components and how they collectively result in green service quality and customer satisfaction. We also elucidate future research directions for management scholars
 
 Research Limitation/Implication: The research examines the relationship between green service quality dimension and customer satisfaction in airline industry. This study focuses on the evaluation of all airline service user regarding airline service quality. The main limitation of this study is that it focusses to customer satisfaction on all Airlines Companies: thus, the result cannot be generalized.
 
 Practical Implications: The framework proposed can be applied to future research on green service quality and customer satisfaction. This study will lead to passenger’s satisfaction and encourage the development of long-term relationships with their customers.

Research on Energy-saving Calculation of Navigational Lighting System Powered by Low Current in Green Airport

The airport navigation lighting system is an important energy-consuming system in the flight area. The annual energy consumption of large and medium-sized airports can reach millions of kilowatt hours. At present, the airport is replacing traditional halogen lamps with LED navigation lighting for energy conservation. For LED lighting under the traditional 6.6 A power supply system, the circuit loss is high, and the overall energy-saving effect of the system is not good. A low-current power supply energy-saving navigation lighting system is proposed. The primary cable, secondary cable, isolation transformer, and auxiliary lighting system in the navigation lighting circuit are studied by performing the energy-saving calculation of navigation lights under low currents. By building a set of navigation lighting systems to conduct energy consumption experiments and comparing them with theoretical calculations, a calculation model is proposed to provide a basis for energy-saving calculations for the application of a low-current power supply navigation lighting system.

Realizing Green Airport Performance through Green Management Intransigence, Airport Reputation, Biospheric Value, and Eco-Design

Studies on the effect of biospheric value, eco-design, and green management intransigence on perceived green performance in the tourism and hospitality industry are gradually emerging. However, more evidence is needed from the aviation industry or airport context, especially in Africa. This cross-sectional study aims to probe and demonstrate the effect of biospheric value on green management intransigence and perceived green performance, the mediating role of management intransigence and biospheric value, and the influence on pro-environmental behavior among airport management and employees. The extended theory of planned behavior (TPBe) and triple bottom line theory (TBL)/sustainable economic development theory (SED) (TBL/SED) set the foundation for this research study. With the case study approach, data were collected through online questionnaires from employees and management staff of two international airports in Lagos and Abuja, Nigeria. This scientific study contributes to the literature on green energy by shedding light on the importance of integrating green practices into airport operations with environmentally friendly programs. Its focus on green management intransigence and its implications on employees’ behavior has received little or no attention. The data were analyzed using PLS-SEM and Importance–performance matrix analysis (IPMA). The IPMA is innovative as it helps to extend the results of PLS-SEM by also taking the importance and performance of each construct into account graphically as it relates to green airport management. IPMA posits that management tends to take actions to improve conditions that enhance factors of most significant concern to stakeholders. Our results reveal the effect of biospheric value and the behaviors of management and nonmanagement staff of the selected airports on the green performance with apparent differences in the group-specific performance. In practice, this implies an urgent need for airport management to review their approach and strategy to sustainable practices, airports’ resilience, and adaptation to climate change for sustainable tourism development. This study advances scientific and practical knowledge of eco-design of airport buildings (EAB), biospheric-value (BV), and green management intransigence (GMI). The findings can assist decision makers and practitioners in embracing green technologies and practices in airport management and operations.

Analysis of Passenger Satisfaction on Green Airport Blimbingsari International Service

Since 2019, Blimbingsari Airport has been designated as an International Airport with a green airport concept. This airport has received the most prestigious award in The 2022 Aga Khan Award for Architecture. Several energy efficiencies and conservation program initiatives certainly have an impact on the service facilities provided. However, this program implies an increase in the number of passengers. This increase certainly requires attention to be studied further because it is related to the airport's ability to serve the needs of service users. This study was conducted to determine the service quality of Blimbingsari International Airport based on passenger perceptions. 100 respondent were randomly selected to be the research sample. This study uses 5 (five) service quality dimensions which include 7 service variables to measure airport service quality. Data collection was carried out in mid-June 2022 by distributing a Likert scale 5 questionnaire. Data analysis used the IPA and Servqual gap methods. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be seen that there are 7 (four) service variables that are important to determine the quality of airport terminal services, namely (1) the ease of passengers in obtaining information, (2) the reliability of airport facilities and equipment, (3) the coolness and comfort of the airport terminal. , and (4) a clean airport terminal room. The servqual gap shows that 5 (five) dimensions of service quality are positive. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the service quality of Blimbingsari International Airport is very satisfying for passengers.

Heterogeneous energy storage system scheduling strategy for low carbon airport oriented microgrid

To achieve the goal of a green airport, the sustainable airport oriented microgrid system is developed. The auxiliary power units (APU) of airports, which consumes huge volumes of aviation diesel, is not conducive to the green transformation of the aviation field. With the ability to transfer energy from time to time, the heterogeneous energy storage (HESS) can be used to decrease the usage of APU. The Pb-acid batteries packs will be used as a fixed power source instead of APU to provide power for airport ground services. The lithium-ion batteries packs work as mobile power sources and provide dynamic support for the aircraft fleet. Considering the uncertainty of renewable generation in the AC/DC microgrid, a HESS scheduling strategy aiming at maximizing the cost reeducation and environment profits is proposed. Finally, several cases are carried out to demonstrate the validity and benefits of the presented HESS scheduling strategy.

Multicriteria Decision Aiding for Planning Renewable Power Production at Moroccan Airports

This study is about multicriteria decision aiding (MCDA) for the green airports program of the Moroccan Airport Authority ONDA. The goal of the program is to develop significant amounts of renewable power at airports. In particular, ONDA wants to select airports at which large solar and wind power parks should be built. Multiple criteria, including economy, technical feasibility, and environmental concerns, must be considered simultaneously. In this study, we apply Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis (SMAA) for ranking the candidates to be developed into green airports. The analysis is conducted in phases with different sets of criteria. This study is the first application of MCDA for developing large-scale renewable energy production at airports. As a theoretical novelty, the pairwise winning indices of SMAA are used to form stochastic partial and complete rankings of the alternatives. Based on the results, two alternatives obtain the best and second-best rank in every model, and one alternative is always last, while the ranks of the remaining alternatives vary depending on the set of criteria.