Greater Increase In Height Research Articles

Patterns of species composition, recruitment, and growth within canopy gaps in two New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis) forests

Abstract Within-gap patterns of forest species composition, tree growth, and associated micro-climate were investigated in two kauri (Agathis australis) forests in northern New Zealand. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of sites at Trounson Kauri Park revealed a gradient of changing species composition from gap centre to forest understorey. However, while some species were typical either of the understorey (e.g., Dysoxlylum spectabile) or the centre of large gaps (e.g., Knightia excelsa, Leucopogon fasciculata), no species was restricted solely to gap edge sites. Growth of potted tree seedlings over 6 months at different locations in and near a large canopy gap revealed a significant positive relationship between percent canopy openness (%CO) and height increase for each of the five species tested. The early successional tree Kunzea ericoides showed the greatest height increase at gap centre, while the long-lived conifer Dacrydium cupressinum had the greatest height increase in the forest understore...

Performance of Holstein Heifers Fed 100% or More of National Research Council Requirements

In trial 1, growth and body condition scores were compared among Holstein heifers from 3 to 6 mo of age that were fed amounts estimated to provide 100% (normal) or 115% (enhanced) of NRC recommendations for CP, metabolizable energy, Ca, P, and vitamins A and D for large heifers gaining 700 g/d. Within each group, half of the heifers were fed control soybean meal as supplemental protein source, and the other half were fed extruded soybean meal. No significant interactions occurred between nutrient amount and type of soybean meal fed, nor were there differences between growth of heifers fed the two types of soybean meal. Actual intakes were 107, 108, 125, and 124% of requirements for normal control, normal extruded, enhanced control, and enhanced extruded, respectively. Heifers on the higher nutrient concentration gained more BW and had greater increases in height, body length, and heart girth but were not over-conditioned. In trial 2, the same heifers were used from 6 to 24 mo of age; those heifers previously on the lower intake were fed a diet containing 100% of nutrients, and those previously on high intake were fed 115% of nutrients. Heifers fed the enhanced diet had greater increments in BW, length, and heart girth gain from 6 to 24 mo of age without excessive fattening and were 7 wk younger at first service and conception than those fed the normal diet. Feeding 124% of requirements from 3 to 6 mo and 115% from 6 to 24 mo of age produced heifers with greater skeletal development and BW without excessive fattening and with potential for earlier calving.

Changes in body height among selected ethnic groups.

The aim was to assess the effects of genetic factors and environmental influences on adolescence body height. The study was a retrospective survey of mean standing height collected from computerised medical draft records of 17-18 year old adolescents, born between 1950 and 1971. All the studied population is resident of the state of Israel. About half a million records of recruits were examined. The sex distribution was: 61% male, 39% female. Ethnic distribution of the studied population was according to the countries of origin: Poland 7.8%, Romania 22.0%, Yemen 11.4%, Iraq 17.5%, Morocco 27.4%, and Israel 7.8%. Marked differences in standing height measures were found between the ethnic groups compared to the Israeli reference group. A linear increase of 1.1 mm/year for reference males and 0.8 mm/year for the female population was found over the 22 years of study period. Ethnic groups with lower mean height were found to have a significantly greater increase in height during the period studied. Israel as an immigration country may serve as a model for the study of environmental and genetic factors. Under conditions found in Israel, body height continues to increase with year of birth, while significant differences in height between ethnic groups has diminished.

The effect of nutrient intake and protein degradability on the growth and development of Holstein heifers (1989)

One hundred and twelve Holstein heifers were used from 10 wk until 26 wk of age. They were assigned to receive either 100% or 115% of NRC (1978) recommended nutrients and to be fed either control or extruded SBM. There were no interaction effects between the nutrient amount and type of SBM. Heifers on the higher nutrient amounts gained 205 lb vs 168 lb for the heifers on the lower nutrient amounts. Those on the higher nutrient amounts also had greater increases in height (8.7 vs 7.5 in), length (10.2 vs 8.7 in), and heart girth (12.6 vs 10.6 in). There were no differences in body scores. There were no statistical differences or apparent trends between the extruded and control SBMfed heifers.

Results of kidney transplantation in 25 pediatric patients

Outcome, long-term prognosis, growth activity and rehabilitation after kidney transplantation were studied in 25 pediatric patients transplanted with a kidney graft from one-haplotype identical parent. Excellent patient and graft survival with low incidences of acute rejection or serious complications could be achieved in this population, as compared with the results of adult recipients. Growth retardations in height and weight were observed in these patients before transplantation, and were significantly correlated with the duration of low or no kidney function. In 12 recipients who were transplanted at ages of younger than 15 years and followed up over two years, a dramatic increase in weight appeared within one year after transplantation and a greater increase in height was exhibited in the second and third year than in the first. Increase in height was significantly greater in those children transplanted at ages of younger than 10 years than in those transplanted at ages of older than 11 years. Catch-up growth was observed in one-third of these children. Retrospectively, there was no difference in the doses of prednisolone given between the two groups of patients with, and without catch-up growth, but the incidence of acute rejection was higher in the group without catch-up growth. Currently, 18 recipients have functioning grafts and 16 (88.9 per cent) of them are in full-time school or working. From these results it is concluded that kidney transplantation is the first feasible manoeuvre for those children with chronic renal failure and it should be performed as soon an possible in order to preserve their growth activity.

The Altitude Coverage of the Colorado Wind Profilers at 50, 405 and 915 MHz

The maximum height performance of the 50, 405 nd 915 MHz Colorado wind profiles is computed from the wind profiler database. Results show that even though the 50 MHz profiler has the largest seasonal variation in the maximum height coverage, it also has the greatest height coverage. In addition, it also has a greater increase in height for the same increase in sensitivity. On the basis of thew measurements we predict the height coverage of the 405 MHz wind profiler for the proposed wind profiler network.

The influence of availability of free school milk on the height of children in England and Scotland.

The effect is investigated of availability of free school milk on height gain in one year of six- and seven-year-old primary schoolchildren in England and Scotland, using data collected annually from 1972 to 1976. The height gain of children for whom milk was available for the whole year of observation was compared with that of children who had no milk. Out of 16 sex-country-year-specific analyses for children from manual social classes only, 13 showed no significant evidence of greater height gain in children who had milk. Comparison of children from Social Classes IV and V (semi-skilled and unskilled) showed no greater increase in height for those who had milk, nor was there a difference in height gain between manual social class children according to the number of glasses of milk they drank a day at home or at school. We concluded that, given the standard of living at the time of the survey, the drinking of free school milk did not increase the growth rate of six- and seven-year-old children.

Effect of Various Concentrations and Frequency of Application of Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Formation of Metabolic Products of Datura stramonium

In a 2 × 4 × 5 factorial experiment employing 320 plants in randomized blocks with eight replications the following salient points were noted from a statistical analysis of the data: the greatest increase in height was induced with the 192-mcg. dosage of giberellic acid (GA). All treated plants at the 12, 48, and 192-mcg. dosages of GA grew more rapidly than controls. Height increases were significantly different at each dosage level. The most favorable response on height was between the 12-mcg. and 48-mcg. levels. The total dry weights of treated plants were significantly affected by dosage and age. The growth rate varied with the dose of GA used. The frequency of application (whether one or two installments were given weekly) did not significantly affect the aforementioned variables. Analyses of pooled samples of treated plants indicated the following general trends: reduced concentration of alkaloids in the plant organs, greatest reductions usually noted at the higher dosage levels, decreased per cent of chlorophyll, marked increases in the total sugars and starch content of the leaf-tops, considerable decreases in the petroleum ether extract of the leaf-tops, and qualitative differences in the ether extract of the leaf-tops.