Greater Attraction Research Articles

Economic and Legal Analysis of Cryptocurrency: Scientific Views from Russia and the Muslim World

The article is devoted to the analysis of cryptocurrency as a new phenomenon in the modern global economic processes and legal institutions. The relevance of the study is predetermined by the very specifics of such a phenomenon as cryptocurrency consisting of a distributed ledger technology, which determines the peculiarities of issuing, storing and performing operations with cryptocurrency. Moreover, the cryptocurrency turnover directly correlates with the national legislation of individual countries, which are the subject of domestic regulation with currency, tax legislation and legislation on the securities market. Sometimes, in this regard, there is a clash of public interests and the interests of entities involved in the circulation of cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrency, as an unconventional, trendy phenomenon of the recent times, has become the object of research and discussions on all the world platforms, starting with academia, continuing with the business community and ending with state institutions. There are many reasons for explaining such interest and they can all be reduced to two main blocks: the advantages and the disadvantages of cryptocurrency circulation. The problem of cryptocurrency turnover, on the one hand, is that until now none of the national economies have regulated the cost-effective mechanism for the cryptocurrency turnover and, on the other hand, the leading countries have not yet set up an effective system of legal regulation of cryptocurrency. Many countries are in the active process of working to adequately address the above problem. Separately, it is worth highlighting the interest of Muslim countries in this issue, where discussions are still underway about the permissibility of cryptocurrency in Islamic law. As for the Russian realities in the context of the issue under study, the Federal Law “On Digital Financial Assets, Digital Currency and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation“, which came into effect on 1 January 2021, was supposed to streamline relations of subjects including cryptocurrencies, but, according to the experts in this field, this law is far from impeccable and this sphere of relations cannot be quickly and effectively regulated. This article describes the characteristics of cryptocurrency, its essence, disadvantages and advantages as an object of economic and civil law relations. The purpose of the research is to analyze the economic and legal phenomenon of cryptocurrency, as well as its characteristics in the Muslim legal system. The complexity of the work should be emphasized as a novelty. Based on the designated goal and the logic of construction, the study consists of three interrelated parts. The first part outlines the characteristics of cryptocurrency as an economic category, the second part is devoted to its legal analysis and the last part of the study demonstrates the Islamic perception (Sharia analysis) of this phenomenon. As a conclusion on the scientific research, we will highlight the following provisions. First, economically, nowadays, cryptocurrency is a rather controversial financial instrument: on the one hand, it has great investment attractiveness, but on the other hand, it is subject to great volatility and seems to be a rather risky financial asset. Secondly, from a legal standpoint, cryptocurrencies have not yet found their consistent consolidation and further legal regulation in the Russian legislation. It seems that the legal regulation of this institution will systematically develop depending on what application and results of its turnover the cryptocurrency will have in the future. Finally, the Islamic interpretation of the cryptocurrency phenomenon boils down to the absence of a single, consistent explanation of it from the perspective of Islam and Sharia as an object of permissibility (or prohibition) of transactions with it. It is necessary to further analyze the practice of using cryptocurrency and its impact on the economy and legal institutions in order to make a final decision on its permissibility or prohibition in correlation with the types of activity and the upcoming consequences associated with it.

Participatory Economy and Overtourism: The Long-Term Effect on the Economic Dynamics of Fort-Kochi

Over the two decades Kochi, Kerala has experienced remarkable growth in the number of tourists, both domestic and international tourists increased to more than 30 percent between 1996-2016. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the long-term impact of participation and overtourism on the market dynamics of Fort-Kochi, as it became a popular tourist destination for its heritage values with a unique geographical location. Fort-Kochi located in the North-Western part of Kerala State in Kochi district is the main heritage tourist’s attraction. It is known for its natural and built heritage, and become a great attraction for international tourists who find the experience both exotic and heritage. Being more popular and being loved too much will become a challenge and which leads to overtourism. This research is trying to elaborate on the trend of mass-tourism and its impact on the economy of Fort-Kochi, as noticed a significant change in trends of tourist’s shopping. It is brought out the economic problem of inflation and displacement of traditional occupation due to the uncontrolled increases of tourism activities in the Fort-Kochi. Due to overtourism and impact of factory-made market leading to endangering line on traditional craftsmanship. It is being threatened with extinction, and the consequences will be catastrophic. It is projected that such a trend may have a significant impact on the local population of Fort-Kochi. This study is based on a survey of 25 local resident’s feedback, 50 shop-owners and craftsmen and 50 tourists about the trend of shopping, demand and supply and its impact on city dynamics.

Convolutional Neural Networks Model for Emotion Recognition Using EEG Signal

A Brain-computer interface (BCI) using an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal has a great attraction in emotion recognition studies due to its resistance to humans’ deceptive actions. This is the most significant advantage of brain signals over speech or visual signals in the emotion recognition context. A major challenge in EEG-based emotion recognition is that a lot of effort is required for manually feature extractor, EEG recordings show varying distributions for different people and the same person at different time instances. The Poor generalization ability of the network model as well as low robustness of the recognition system. Improving algorithms and machine learning technology helps researchers to recognize emotion easily. In recent years, deep learning (DL) techniques, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made excellent progress in many applications. This study aims to reduce the manual effort on features extraction and improve the EEG signal single model’s emotion recognition using convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with residue block. The dataset is shuffle, divided into training and testing, and then fed to the model. DEAP dataset has class 1, class 2, class 3, and class 4 for both valence and arousal with an accuracy of 90.69%, 91.21%, 89.66%, 93.64% respectively, with a mean accuracy of 91.3%. The negative emotion has the highest accuracy of 94.86% fellow by neutral emotion with 94.29% and positive emotion with 93.25% respectively, with a mean accuracy of 94.13% on the SEED dataset. The experimental results indicated that CNN Based on residual networks can achieve an excellent result with high recognition accuracy, which is superior to most recent approaches.

Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Activity of Four Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants used as Antimicrobial Finishes on Cotton Fabric

Considering the post COVID-19 pandemic situation, it can be assumed that using safer clothing will be a great attraction point for consumers across the world. In that scenario, effective antimicrobial finishes that are readily available and cheap would contribute to the consumer demand of safer clothing. This study scrutinized the antimicrobial activity of bleached cotton fabric treated with extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Basil), Mentha spicata (Spearmint), Centella asiatica (Indian pennywort) and Azadirachta indica (Neem) as antimicrobial finishes. The study aims at assessing the comparative activity of four abovementioned natural medicinal plants, which can be used as ecofriendly antimicrobial finishes for textiles. Bleached cotton fabric samples were treated with plant extractions following exhaust method and then evaluated by using ASTM E2149-01 method against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The results depicted that all the four samples showed antimicrobial activity with more than 95% reduction of micro-organisms. Among the four, Ocimum tenuiflorum (Basil) showed the best result against both E. coli and S. aureus with reduction percentage of 98.81% and 99.16% respectively. Although Azadirachta indica (Neem) has comparatively the lowest performance against E. coli, its antimicrobial activity against S. aureus is very close to Ocimum tenuiflorum (Basil).

Homogeneous triple-phase interfaces enabling one-pot route to metal compound/carbon composites

Metal compounds (e.g., metal phosphides/sulfides/selenides) coupled with carbon materials have recently drawn great attraction for boosting the electrochemical performances because of their appealing synergistic effect and valuable structural stability. Despite many examples for their synthesis exist, there is still a need for a simplistic and comprehensive approach to such metal compound/carbon (MC/C) composites. Herein, an effective, facile, yet versatile strategy to produce various types of MC/C composites is presented. Key to this strategy is construction of a homogeneous triple-phase interface, which is realized by utilization of a hybrid assembly integrated with carbon, metal and sulfide (or selenide, phosphide) precursors through coupling metal cations with anion groups of a functional polymer. Such an intimately binding carbon-metal-sulfide (or selenide, phosphide) interface structure enables the successful in situ generation of MC nanoparticles uniformly encapsulated into the carbon matrix just after a one-step carbonization treatment. The present synthetic strategy provides remarkable adjustability, predictability and generality to facilely fabricate a series of MC/C composites, offering sufficient freedom to explore their unique energy storage/conversation properties. As a proof of concept, the as-prepared SnS/C composite exhibits superior lithium ion and potassium ion storage capabilities when used as anode materials for alkali-metal ion batteries. The present work provides impressive insights into the design principles for MC/C composites that are the potential materials in targeted application fields, and opens up an efficacious avenue for their facile synthesis as well.

An In‐Depth Theoretical Exploration of Influences of Non‐Metal‐Elements Doping on the ORR Performance of Co−gN4

AbstractSingle atom catalysts (SACs) show a great attraction towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) owing to its advantage in overcoming the cost issue of fuel cell because of its high utilization, low cost and great CO tolerance. However, theoretical investigation on the influences of different doping on the ORR catalytic activity of Co SACs has not been systematically performed. In this regard, the influences of non‐metal‐elements doping (B, N, Si, P, S) on the ORR catalytic activity of Co−gN4 is well explored based on density functional theory (DFT). The rate‐limiting step for the ORR on Co−gN4 is the formation of OOH. When the doping content of B increases, the adsorption on Co site becomes weaker which limits the occurrence of 4e− ORR process. N doping shows a weak promotion on the ORR process on Co site. The Si site next to N can be poisoned by OH. The P site next to N will be poisoned by O at high potential and OH at low potential. The S site next on N would be poisoned by O. It is revealed that the ORR process on Co site can be promoted when the carbon next to N is replaced by Si/P/S by promoting the rate‐limiting step.

Coal mine gas separation of methane via clathrate hydrate process aided by tetrahydrofuran and amino acids

Coal bed methane (CBM) is an unconventional natural gas resource generated and stored in coal seams. It is currently not commercially viable in many regions due to the high concentration of non-flammable gases such as nitrogen. The CBM separation is crucial for both economic benefit and methane emission reduction. The biggest challenge lies in the separation of low-concentration CBM. Gas separation via gas hydrate is gaining great attraction due to its safe, clean, and economically efficient features. We examined the effects of two environmentally benign amino acids L-tryptophan and L-leucine on hydrate formation from 30% CH4/70% N2 mixture in the presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF, 5.56 mol%). Experiments were carried out at 283.2 K and 3.0 MPa with different solution volumes to study the impact of gas/liquid volume ratio (calculated at standard pressure and temperature conditions). The lower gas/liquid volume ratio improved the CH4 recovery ratio and separation factor but lowered the kinetics. The effect of amino acid is concentration-dependent. In synergy with 5.56 mol% THF solution (gas/liquid volume ratio of 67/1), L-tryptophan (5000 ppm) enhanced the CH4 recovery ratio from 58.3% to 71.4% and boosted the initial hydrate growth rate by 130%. On the other hand, L-leucine (5000 ppm) showed no obvious impact on the kinetics but achieved the highest CH4 enrichment in the hydrate phase (from 30.0 mol% in the feed gas to 56.8 mol% in the hydrates). The high CH4 recovery ratio, enhanced kinetics, and simplicity of this process demonstrate the potential of developing an efficient and economical recovery method for low-concentration CBM.

A Short Review on the Bioactive Constituents from Six Terminalia Species

Terminalia as a genus has received a great attraction to evaluate and examine the pharmacological potential having their medicinal properties. Different species under Terminalia genus have been used as herbal medicine with various formulations in the treatment of abdominal pain, cancer, cough, conjunctivitis, diarrea, heart problem, leproscopy, urinary tract infection, and sexual related diseases. These properties have been reported to express abundant biological characteristics for example antioxidant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory. This review has constructed to solicitude the phytochemicals from the genus Terminalia. A total six species belongs to this genus such as Terminalia chebula, T. citrina, T. phanerophlebia, T. belerica, T. catappa, and T. arjuna have been studied and fifty-six phytochemicals with their chemical structures have been reported in this review. Terminalia chebula consists of a higher number of phytochemicals as compared to the other species. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(1): 76-82, 2021

Optimizing network pathways of CO2 conversion processes

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has gained great attraction as an alternative route of producing carbon-based chemicals, which also mitigates atmospheric CO2. This paper develops a numerical optimization model that utilizes experimental data pertaining to the CO2 hydrogenation reaction (catalyst type, conversion, selectivity, and space velocity) to guide engineers to pick the optimal industrial scale CCU process. Four carbon conversion pathways that produce value-added chemicals are assessed: conversion into methanol, methane, carbon monoxide, and dimethyl ether. This techno-economic analysis is founded on elaborate sizing methods and process design principles of heat exchangers, compressors, reactors, and separators. Based on the collected data reported in the literature, the state-of-the-art model incorporates and assesses feed and catalyst costing, plant sizing and costing, and revenues from the produced commodity chemicals at market price. A thorough optimization analysis is conducted to determine the optimal conversion pathway subject to corresponding constraints. The objective of this problem targets cost minimization with respect to various production constraints. The results of the model show that the optimal CCU path is associated with the CO2-to-MeOH/DME reactions, with the model almost strictly allocating the available CO2 mass at the different production rates to processes generating these products. This result is due to the processes’ high reaction selectivity, which has been at the forefront of research in CO2 hydrogenation, in addition to the relatively high market price of both these products. Such results reinforce the promise of George Olah's Methanol Economy. The optimization model thus presents a novel basis for a comprehensive and quantitative multi-variable CCU plant assessment, utilizing optimized carbon conversion reaction data.

When Distance Drive Destination, Towns Can Stimulate Development

While city migrants see their welfare increase much more than those moving to towns, many more rural-urban migrants end up in towns. This phenomenon, documented in detail in Kagera, Tanzania, begs the question why migrants move to seemingly suboptimal destinations. Using an 18-year panel of individuals from this region and information on the possible destinations from the census, this study documents, through dyadic regressions and controlling for individual heterogeneity, how the deterrence of further distance to cities (compared to towns) largely trumps the attraction from their promise of greater wealth, making towns more appealing destinations. Education mitigates these effects (lesser deterrence from distance; greater attraction from wealth), while poverty reduces the attraction of wealth, consistent with the notion of urban sorting. With about two thirds of the rural population in low-income countries living within two hours from a town, these findings underscore the importance of vibrant towns for inclusive development.

THE ORIGINS AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE EARLY MAYA FROM COLHA AND NORTHERN BELIZE

AbstractInvestigations concerning the earliest Maya have been of archaeological interest for many decades. Northern Belize serves as a valuable region for researching and understanding early Maya developments. In particular, the ancient Maya site of Colha in northern Belize is a focal point of some early developments beginning in the Archaic period. Select resources in the region, especially in the chert-bearing zone, clearly had been of great interest and attraction to populations extending back into Paleoindian and Archaic times, as well as the Maya period for Colha and other sites near the resource zone. With the appearance of pottery-producing settled villages is the common assertion that Maya societies are in place around 1000b.c.Recent studies have identified much earlier occupants in the region with significant cultural developments, including semi-permanent occupation and horticulture occurring in the Late Archaic at approximately 3400b.c.It seems plausible, perhaps likely by our assessment, that these Late Archaic people (or aceramic populations) may have been the earliest Maya communities. Factors of defining communities, aspects of horticulture, and the transition from the Archaic into the Preclassic are reviewed in consideration of—just who were the earliest Maya?

Research on the Spatial Structure Characteristics of Tourist Flow Network in Guangxi

Based on the online travel notes released by tourists, using social network analysis, this article analyses the spatial structure characteristics of tourist flow network under the county-level administrative units in Guangxi. The results show that:(1) The density of tourist flow network in Guangxi is sparse, and the tourist flow is dominated by landscape sightseeing tours and coastal holiday tours. (2) Nanning, Guilin, Beihai and Yangshuo are the core nodes of tourism system in Guangxi, which not only have great tourism attraction, but also have strong resource control capabilities. (3) Guangxi tourism presents a significant clustering phenomenon. The tourist flow is extremely uneven. The popularity of scenic spots has an important impact on the node flows. The level of the regional transportation network determines the central position of the node in the network to a large extent.

Survey on the adaptation of The Three Kingdoms into Cai Luong – Vietnamese reformed theater style

Studying the process of adapting the masterpiece The Three Kingdoms into Cai Luong – Vietnamese reformed theatre, we can see that this adaptation process of The Three Kingdoms fictions is quite suitable for the tastes of the public in terms of art. In particular, it has a great attraction to the composers, urging them to create and transform it into reformed theater style. When researching this issue, the article considers them as a cultural product that is influenced by many different objective and subjective factors such as historical and cultural beliefs and intrinsic values of the original masterpiece itself. At the same time, the article provides a list of a number of reformed dramas from The Three Kingdoms fictions in Vietnam from the 1920s to the present. At the same time, the writer has conducted a preliminary analysis on the process of adapting The Three Kingdoms fictions into Cai Luong – a Vietnamese reformed theater style. This helps the receiver to generally visualize the nation's ceaseless creativity in the works that transform literature masterpieces into Vietnamese reformed theater style, including The Three Kingdoms in a systematic way. This transformation also shows the strong vitality of The Three Kingdoms in Vietnam.

The Female Baroque in Early Modern English Literary Culture: From Mary Sidney to Aphra Behn by Gary Waller

Reviewed by: The Female Baroque in Early Modern English Literary Culture: From Mary Sidney to Aphra Behn by Gary Waller Elaine Hobby THE FEMALE BAROQUE IN EARLY MODERN ENGLISH LITERARY CULTURE: FROM MARY SIDNEY TO APHRA BEHN, by Gary Waller. Gendering the Late Medieval and Early Modern World. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. 290 pp. $125.23 hardback; $125.32 ebook. There is much to celebrate in Gary Waller's new book The Female Baroque in Early Modern English Literary Culture: From Mary Sidney to Aphra Behn, which I read with constant interest, even fascination. As its title indicates, the study refuses the common fragmentation of the early modern period into pre- and post-civil wars and ranges from the poetry, plays, and fiction of Mary Sidney, Aemilia Lanyer, and Mary Wroth to that of Margaret Cavendish (and her stepdaughters Jane Cavendish and Elizabeth Brackley) and Aphra Behn. Along the way—and clearly planned from the start as integral to the argument—are writings by figures less well-known in mainstream literary studies, including the English nuns, Gertrude More and Mary Ward. There is also briefer mention of several mid-seventeenth-century prophets—Anna Trapnel, Margaret Fell, Sarah Wight, Elinor Channel—and some discussion of two New World figures, Anne Bradstreet and Anne Hutchinson, as well as the extraordinary verse of Hester Pulter (unknown until its discovery in manuscript in the 1990s) and the "scissoring" activities of the women of Little Gidding as they produced their Bible concordances (pp. 138-47). Folded into the argument are discussions of the structures of Petrarchism and reference to Baroque artists including Artemisia Gentileschi. The Female Baroque in Early Modern English Literary Culture is informed, then, by the wide-ranging activities of those engaged in the collective endeavor since the 1970s to recover past women's creativity. Waller repeatedly draws explicit attention to the importance of the "powerful community of scholars" who have, like him, taken part in the endeavor, and he firmly—and correctly, I hope—asserts that "their work has permanently altered how we picture the period" (p. 10). Given the rich findings of the recovery efforts, no single work of this length could take account of all its possible sources. Waller makes his selection through a theoretical model that he sets out in some detail in his first two chapters, approaching the period's writings through Julia Kristeva's psychoanalytic concepts of the "semiotic" erupting through the "symbolic." Throughout the book, it is Kristeva who is most often referred to as an authority (see, for example, pp. 9, 12-14, 30-31, 66-69, 80-81, 90-92, 221-22, 249-50, 278-80) [End Page 395] and whose writings are most numerous in his bibliographies. As Waller elaborates his theoretical framework, other perspectives are also merged with the Kristevan one—Raymond Williams's "structure of feeling" (pp. 20, 115, 152) and Louis Althusser's concept of "interpellation" most importantly (pp. 24, 168)—as he seeks to "go beyond [the] autobiographical reductionism" that he thinks readings of Wroth, in particular, have been limited by (p. 221). For this reader, the endeavor to not be overly focused on biographical frameworks is only partially successful. As I read, despite the great attractions of the writings presented and the most welcome unfussy clarity of the book's style, I was repeatedly frustrated by Waller's drive to find in his writers the Baroque sub-categories that he defines (drawing on José Antonio Maravall) as "fictionalising, hyperbole, melancholy, kitsch, and plateauing" (pp. 10, 17). The first and last of these, especially, seem to prompt Waller to the biographical speculation that he warns against. The theoretical model also seems to have led Waller to select for analysis a disproportionate number of authors where control, editing, or direction from a man or men is at issue: Catholic authorities for Ward and More, Hutchinson's persecutors, the Little Gidding women, and the rather odd selection of civil war prophets, who include such manipulated figures as Channel and Wight without any mention of their dozens of sisters who did not encounter equivalent obstacles. It might be that—allowing for the liberal use of such variants as "pale Baroque," "emergent...

Spinning Methods Used for Construction of One- and Two-Dimensional Fibrous Protein Materials.

Natural silk protein fibers have shown a great attraction to the researchers due to the extraordinary mechanical property, biocompatibility, and functional diversity. Unfortunately, the low yield and unevenness have hampered the scale use of the natural silk fibers. Herein, the appearance of the bioinspired artificial spinning strategy offers an effective way to fabricate silk fibers with controllable structures and functionality. This chapter describes an experimental method to prepare silk protein fibers on a large scale and summarizes the method to investigate the effects of the structure-property relationship of the recombinant protein fibers.

Forgotten coindex of some non-toxic dendrimers structure used in targeted drug delivery

AbstractIn recent past, porphyrin-based dendrimers have gained great attraction due to their usefulness in nano devices and photo-dynamic therapy. New technologies based upon nano-materials or dendrimers have potential to overcome the problems due to conventional drug delivery, like toxicity, poor solubility and poor release pattern of drugs. The chemical and physical properties of these highly branched nanometer sized dendrimers depend on their structure. In chemical network theory, various topological indices are used to predict chemical properties of molecules(dendrimers). Among many useful topological descriptors forgotten coindex is relatively less explored but is found very useful in material engineering, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. In this article, we consider some special dendrimers, like poly(propyl) ether imine, porphyrin, and zinc-porphyrin, and nanostars likeD1[k] andD2[k] and compute forgotten coindex for these important structures.

Assessment of pressure field and performance parameter reconstruction from velocity data for ramjet inlet

The current flow measurement devices for ramjet inlet still have many limitations in the supersonic internal flow, such as the qualitative feature of schlieren and the low resolution of pressure tap/probe. In this paper, a non-intrusive measurement scheme for the internal pressure field and performance parameters of ramjet inlet based on particle image velocimetry (PIV) data is established and quantitatively evaluated by using a typical model. This scheme is combined with two important PIV-based pressure reconstruction approaches, namely, the spatial integration in conservative form and the MacCormack method, which are especially suitable for the supersonic flows with shock waves. The feasibility of this scheme is firstly confirmed by using a numerical velocity field, and the turbulence contribution is concluded to be negligible. Then, a simulated PIV experiment is conducted to achieve a synthetic velocity field with various theoretical measurement errors for the comprehensive analyses of the accuracy and robustness of this measurement method. Compared with the traditional equipment, the PIV-based method can obtain the high-resolution velocity and pressure distributions of whole flow field without interference, and the performance parameters are also available along the flow path. The good reconstruction results show the great advantage and attraction of this non-intrusive method in the future wind tunnel test for ramjet inlet.

<p><strong>Edible mushroom <em>Morchella esculenta</em> (L.) Pers. mycelium protects DNA and mitochondria from radiation induced damages</strong></p>

Mushrooms have gained great attraction not only for their nutritional and medicinal values but also for diversity of their bioactive components. Morchella esculenta, commonly called Morel, is an edible and nutritious mushroom. In the present study, we evaluated the radioprotective effect of cultured mycelium of M. esculenta against radiation induced damages in mouse spleen lymphocyte DNA and rat liver mitochondria. The mitochondria were exposed to 450 Gy g-radiation and lipid peroxidation caused by radiation was studied by LOOH assay and TBARS assay. M. esculenta extract at a concentration of 200 and 50 µg/mL significantly inhibited the formation of LOOH and TBARS formation in mitochondria. The protective effect of M. esculenta against radiation-induced damage to DNA in the spleen lymphocyte was measured using comet assay. Spleen lymphocytes were exposed to γ-radiation at a dose of 6 Gy in the presence and absence of the extract and the strand break were analyzed. The extract inhibited the strand break significantly. The study indicate that M. esculenta mycelia protect mitochondria form oxidative stress and DNA from deleterious effects induced by radiation and has potential for the development of safe and non-toxic radio protector with significant nutritional properties.

Analisis Kerajinan Boneka Dari Limbah Karung Goni Dan Kain PercaDitinjau DariGesture

This study aims to describe the cues on dolls made of jute sack waste and patchwork as crafts. The data study techniques in this study were observation, documentation and interviews. The total population of the study was 15 dolls in the doll craftsmen. The sampling technique of this researcher was total sampling, which was taken from the total population who drew doll crafts from gunny sacks and patchwork. The results showed that there was limited variation in facial expressions in doll products. Gestures on dolls are neat and sturdy but have elastic properties so that the movements of the dolls show character in the activity. In addition to the unique shape and color produced from the patchwork, it is a center point or a great attraction to attract consumers' attention. Furthermore, in making dolls from jute sack waste and patchwork, it is unique in its creation which is used as a reference for making a doll product, which has certain characteristics, for example the results of this doll have characteristics related to human activity.

Biodegradable metal-derived magnesium and sodium enhances bone regeneration by angiogenesis aided osteogenesis and regulated biological apatite formation

Biodegradable metals have great attraction to become orthopaedic implants. Here, we demonstrated a biodegradable magnesium alloy incorporated with essential element sodium through Sn-Na master alloying technique. The designed MgSnZnNa alloy presented better hardness and corrosion resistance due to the uniform distribution of Na in Mg2Sn second phase and solid soluble Zn in Mg matrix. The co-release of Mg and Na ions resulted in advanced upregulation of osterix and osteocalcin expression in adipose derived stem cells in vitro. It significantly promoted the rat calvarial defect bone regeneration through osteogenesis and angiogenesis, attributed to the co-release of Na and Mg ions, by increasing the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide, osteocalcin as well as vascular endothelial growth factor. The current study provided an innovative approach by using master alloy to incorporate essential elements (such as Na or K) for fabricating biodegradable Mg alloys with reduced galvanic corrosion and enhanced biological functions.