Great Divide Research Articles

The Great Divide? Donor perceptions of budget support, eligibility and policy dialogue

Budget Support (bs) has been considered the aid modality that best realises the Paris Declaration principles of alignment, harmonisation and respect for recipient ownership. In design the modality has a very strong technocratic focus, and the oecd/dac has endorsed the idea that bs should be delinked from broader political concerns. In reality, however, donors do use bs to leverage more and better democratic governance. This political use of bs is not limited to exceptional moments when the political situation seriously deteriorates in certain countries. This article shows that such use is grounded in fundamentally different visions and policies that donors hold regarding the scope of leverage for bs. Such starkly diverging interpretations of which reforms bs can ‘buy’ undermine the objectives the modality was designed to achieve.

Sandstone hosted uranium deposits of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming, USA

The Great Divide basin is located in the southern part of the state of Wyoming in USA. Wyoming is the second largest uranium province in that country after the Colorado Plateau. The Great Divide basin represents an intermontane depression of Tertiary age surrounded by major structural uplifts composed of Precambrian rocks including uraniferous Precambrian granite. The main uranium resources of the Great Divide basin are hosted in the weakly lithified sandstone of the Eocene Battle Spring Formation which terminates the sedimentary sequence at the basin. Uranium occurs in the form of rolls and the tabular mineralisation is usually associated with carbonaceous debris in the host sediments. Because of close spatial relationships between uranium and detrital carbonaceous debris the uranium mineralisation of the Great Divide basin is referred to as detrital carbon–uranium roll-type which is a special class of Phanerozoic sandstone hosted uranium deposits. The deposits of the Great Divide basin contain from 2 to 15 kt of U3O8 each, which occurs as uranium rolls and tabular mineralisation, some of which is fault controlled. Their formation is related to multi-episodic uplifts of the Precambrian basement which is exposed along the margins of the basin.

Seeing through Music: Gender and Modernism in Classic Hollywood Film Scores (review)

Seeing through Music: Gender and Modernism in Classic Hollywood Film Scores. By Peter Franklin. (Oxford Music/Media Series.) New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. [191 p. ISBN 9780195383454. $39.95.] Illustrations, index. Peter Franklin begins his book by asking: Hollywood films that are rich in music, even saturated with it, also tell us something about music? Can they be credited with critical self-awareness? (p. 3) The answer, if we believe Franklin, is unequivocally yes. To this end he explores the conventional distinction between serious and entertainment music, seeking to better understand the between modernism and mass culture (Andreas Huyssen, After the Great Divide [London: Macmillan, 1988], viii-ix). The goal of this exploration is to place film music within the broader discourses of musicology. This part of his argument is a response to Marxist critiques of film music, most notably Theodor Adorno and Hanns Eisler's Composing for the Films (originally published under Eisler's name alone: New York: Oxford University Press, 1947; new edition, London: Athlone Press, 1994). Following Huyssen's model of the Divide, gendered language-masculine modernism vs. romanticism-is of particular interest to Franklin. Here he draws heavily on Heather Laing's The Gendered Score (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2007) and David Schroeder's Cinema's Illusions, Opera's Allure (New York: Continuum, 2002). Taken as a whole, Seeing through Music presents a powerful argument about the relevance of film music to a broader understanding of twentieth-century music. The selection of films discussed is rooted in a well-established canon of film scores such as Casablanca, Citizen Kane, King Kong, Psycho, and Rebecca. Consequently, Franklin assumes the reader is familiar with all of the films and he dispenses with any comprehensive approach to individual scores. While this presents little problem for film music scholars, it demands much of students or other readers less familiar with the standard film music repertoire. Un - fortunately, Franklin relies on this canon without enough critical self-awareness. He acknowledges that almost all of the films represent the feminine genres of film noir, melodrama, and weepies, rather than the westerns, action adventures, and gangster films (p. 3). But the question remains as to how representative these films are of broader practices in Hollywood. Many are early examples of auteur cinema, despite being produced in the Hollywood studio system, and all of them have exceptional scores. Most problematic is David Lean's Brief Encounter (pp. 31-35), which was financed by J. Arthur Rank- who had a famously laissez-faire attitude toward his directors-and produced by Cineguild, the premiere art film studio in England during the 1940s and 1950s. The justification for including it is the prominence of Sergei Rachmaninoff 's Second Piano Concerto, which links it directly to Franklin's focus on that composer's place on the feminine and popular side of Huyssen's (pp. 28-31). For a book about classic Hollywood film scores, Brief Encounter is simply too British to represent Hollywood. Apart from the issue of film selections, the argument is consistently strong and provocative. The greatest strength is Franklin's rereadings of familiar films and scores. In his analysis of Max Steiner's first cue for King Kong, he expands Claudia Gorbman's analysis of the same scene in Unheard Melodies (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987). Gorbman notes that as the ship is anchored off Skull Island, Jack and Fay-the film's love interests-are below decks, while the rest of the crew is above listening to the islanders' sacrificial rite. As the film cuts between the lovers and the crew, Steiner's score accompanies only the lovers, ensuring that audiences recognize the budding romance. Gorbman identifies qualities in the romantic music, which are interrupted by the musical silence of the crew's masculine space. …

Crossing the Great Divide: A ground‐edged hatchet‐head from Vaucluse, Sydney

AbstractThe raw material, method of manufacture and modification of a ground‐edged hatchet‐head found at Vaucluse in Sydney provides evidence for the movement of stone tools from west of the Great Dividing Range to the coast. Such evidence adds new knowledge about social relationships between different groups in southeastern Australia and patterns of exchange that existed in the past.

Across the Great Divide: A Photo Chronicle of the Counterculture. RobertaPrice. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2010.

The Journal of Popular CultureVolume 45, Issue 2 p. 441-443 Book Review Across the Great Divide: A Photo Chronicle of the Counterculture. Roberta, Price. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2010. Emily Dufton, Emily Dufton George Washington UniversitySearch for more papers by this author Emily Dufton, Emily Dufton George Washington UniversitySearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 March 2012 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5931.2012.932_4.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume45, Issue2April 2012Pages 441-443 RelatedInformation

Analysis of the resourcing and containment of multiple remote fires: The Great Divide Complex of fires, Victoria, December 2006

Summary The Great Divide Complex of fires started from 66 lightning strikes across the Great Dividing Range in Victoria on 1 December 2006 and eventually burned 1048 410 ha over the following two months. This study analysed the resourcing of suppression activities for these fires and the success of containment efforts until 10 December, when severe fire weather conditions across the whole region caused the overall fire area to expand to 355 000 ha. Forty-two of the fires were resourced in this time, and 20 of these were successfully contained. Resourcing was found to be associated with distance to nearest road or track, slope, elevation and fuel hazard. Containment success of the resourced fires was related to slope, overall fuel hazard and fire size at detection. The quantity of firefighting resources required to contain all fires within the first four to six days was determined for comparison with the quantity of resources actually deployed. Fireline suppression and line construction rates were calculated for the prevailing fireline conditions, for both hand crews and aircraft. These rates were used to predict the resources required to contain all fires, given the lengths of fire perimeter during this period. The minimum quantity of resources required was found to be substantially more than that available.

The Early Eocene Rodent Tuscahomys (Cylindrodontidae) from the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming: Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Paleoecology

ABSTRACT A new species of the cylindrodontid rodent Tuscahomys Dawson and Beard, 2007, is very well represented by maxillary, mandibular, and dental remains from the late early Wasatchian Smiley Draw local fauna in the Great Divide Basin of Sweetwater County, Wyoming. Tuscahomys walshi , new species, is more derived than earlier Wasatchian members of the genus in showing greater lingual hypsodonty on its upper cheek teeth and a more discrete hypocone on P4, but less derived than its Bridgerian relative Mysops Leidy, 1871, in having less lingually hypsodont upper cheek teeth and a less trenchant protoloph on P4. Tuscahomys walshi thus partly fills a previously existing gap in the early fossil record of cylindrodontids. Tuscahomys shows an unusual pattern of faunal association and relative abundance. It typically occurs as a surprisingly common element of some, but by no means all, early Wasatchian faunas, and it frequently co-occurs with the “condylarths” Meniscotherium Cope, 1874, and Haplomylus Matthew, ...

Traversing the Great Divide: The Embodiment of Discourse Between You and Me

Traversing the Great Divide: The Embodiment of Discourse Between You and Me

Early-twentieth-century frontier dramas on Broadway: situating the Western experience in performing arts

PART I: THE AXES OF ANALYSIS: FRONTIER WESTERN DISCOURSE AND THEATRE PRACTICE The Frontier Western Discourse at the Turn of the Nineteenth to the Twentieth Century The Turn-of-the-Century American Theatre Context PART II: THE PLAYS Discipline and Spontaneity: Clyde Fitch's The Cowboy and the Lady and Augustus Thomas's Arizona Drama from Novels: John Ermine of the Yellowstone and The Virginian Variations on the Frontier Myth: Edward Milton Royle's The Squaw Man and David Belasco's The Girl of the Golden West From Melodrama to Realism: William Vaughn Moody's The Great Divide and Rachel Crothers's The Three of Us

An artificial neural network-based approach to identifying mammalian fossil localities in the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming

Successful identification of fossil-bearing sedimentary deposits in the field typically requires expert knowledge in geology and anatomy and some degree of luck. One way to reduce the role of serendipity is to develop an empirical model that increases the likelihood of locating productive fossil-bearing deposits by identifying combinations of geological, geospatial and spectral features that are common to productive localities. In this example, a neural network classifier successfully identified Eocene mammalian fossil localities in the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming. This approach has broad implications for many other types of anthropological field research that also involve unique geospatially distributed phenomena.

Finding fossils in new ways: An artificial neural network approach to predicting the location of productive fossil localities

Chance and serendipity have long played a role in the location of productive fossil localities by vertebrate paleontologists and paleoanthropologists. We offer an alternative approach, informed by methods borrowed from the geographic information sciences and using recent advances in computer science, to more efficiently predict where fossil localities might be found. Our model uses an artificial neural network (ANN) that is trained to recognize the spectral characteristics of known productive localities and other land cover classes, such as forest, wetlands, and scrubland, within a study area based on the analysis of remotely sensed (RS) imagery. Using these spectral signatures, the model then classifies other pixels throughout the study area. The results of the neural network classification can be examined and further manipulated within a geographic information systems (GIS) software package. While we have developed and tested this model on fossil mammal localities in deposits of Paleocene and Eocene age in the Great Divide Basin of southwestern Wyoming, a similar analytical approach can be easily applied to fossil-bearing sedimentary deposits of any age in any part of the world. We suggest that new analytical tools and methods of the geographic sciences, including remote sensing and geographic information systems, are poised to greatly enrich paleoanthropological investigations, and that these new methods should be embraced by field workers in the search for, and geospatial analysis of, fossil primates and hominins.

The Desalination Debate—Lessons Learned Thus Far

Technological Optimists and Pessimists: The Great Ideological Divide For some time the world's environmental movement has tried to mediate the competing claims of two rival schools regarding planet...

Across a Great Divide: Continuity and Change in Native North American Societies, 1400–1900

Across a Great Divide: Continuity and Change in Native North American Societies, 1400–1900

The Great Divide: Social Mediaʼs Role in Bridging Healthcareʼs Generational Shift

Social media, a resource largely untapped in the healthcare field, presents opportunities and advantages and, if used properly, can innovate healthcare and create a competitive advantage for adopters. Many organizations have considered social media but dismissed its advantages as fleeting products of the new generation entering the workforce: the millennials. However, the millennial generation has assumed a greater presence in clinical and administrative positions as the baby boomer generation prepares for retirement. This article advocates the adoption of social media in healthcare organizations as a strategic advantage in connecting with their patient population and recruiting and retaining millennial staff amid the generational shift of the healthcare workforce.

Across a Great Divide: Continuity and Change in Native North American Societies, 1400-1900. Laura L. Scheiber , Mark D. Mitchell

Across a Great Divide: Continuity and Change in Native North American Societies, 1400-1900. Laura L. Scheiber , Mark D. Mitchell

A wake-up call for schools: a new order in public education

Chapter 1 Foreword Chapter 2 The Clearing Chapter 3 The Great Divide Chapter 4 The Plan Chapter 5 The Paintbrush Chapter 6 Billy Chapter 7 Red, Yellow, Black, and White (and Brown?)! Chapter 8 The Y in the Road Chapter 9 Teddy Chapter 10 The Triad Chapter 11 A New Order

Medicine's Great Divide—The View from the Alternative Side

The relationship between conventional and alternative medicine is wary at best. What is needed is expanded medicine, which encompasses the best that both kinds of medicine have to offer.

Practitioner’s perspectives: introducing a different voice in applied ecology

Most researchers working in applied ecology are aware that much of what is published in leading ecological and environmental science journals makes little difference to the day-to-day management of species and ecosystems (Nature 2007). In recent years, several editorials have made this point and attempted to identify a way forward to bridge ‘The Great Divide’ (Born, Boreux & Lawes 2009; Milner-Gulland et al. 2010; Memmott et al. 2010). The onus has largely been on the scientific community to communicate the value of its science more clearly, become increasingly involved in extension activities and, heaven forbid, step down from their ivory towers and get their hands dirty. Yet the reality is that many scientists are doing this already, several very successfully (Possingham 2009). A more serious concern is that academic journals are simply not the best medium to communicate practical messages to a wide audience who need specific solutions to particular problems that have to be delivered on a tight budget. We should not be surprised; much academic research aims to be innovative, internationally competitive and globally relevant – aims which are not always congruent with finding practical solutions. It is against these criteria that many editorial decisions regarding whether or not to accept a paper for publication are made. Irrespective of how much hand-wringing might take place among editors this situation is unlikely to change as publishers judge the viability of journals using bibliometric indices and numbers of institutional subscriptions. Yet, potentially there is another way. Communication is a two-way street, even if much of the academic traffic is heading in one direction with no clear destination. So how do scientific researchers hear about the concerns and needs of those tackling problems in the field? Surveys of stakeholders are certainly one way to confirm that they feel the scientific community is not listening to them (e.g. Andreu, Vilà & Hulme 2009) but questionnaires do not address the problem. An alternative is to provide an opportunity within the pages of academic journals for non-standard pieces to be written by individuals who have a different perspective on what is needed in applied ecology research and whether the papers published in academic journals get anywhere near it. With this aim, the Journal of Applied Ecology launches its first ‘Practitioner’s Perspective’. These ‘prick our conscience’ pieces can be contributed by anyone who has a strong opinion on the current state of applied ecology research, whether academic or not, as long as they can provide an original perspective and a constructive way forward. Although practitioners have been identified as a distinct group of actors in applied ecology that ‘buy land, put up fences, set fires, put out fires, lobby politicians, negotiate with farmers, spray invasive weeds, poison rats and guard against poachers’ (Nature 2007), we are not placing restrictions on who is or is not a ‘practitioner’. Thus, we welcome pieces from academics (at least those with a bit of dirt under their fingernails) as well as civil servants, environmental consultants, park managers and environmental lobbyists. The truth is we are unsure what to expect in terms of submissions under this new feature, hopefully provocative pieces from writers whose voices are rarely heard in our journal. To kick-start this initiative we have commissioned a few articles that might give a flavour of the pieces we would like to see published in the future. Our greatest challenge to date has been to prevent these pieces from becoming advertorials for the activities of NGOs, conservation groups or consultancies. This is certainly not what we want, but we do welcome examples of best practice that may not have made it into the wider academic literature. The first Practitioner’s Perspective appears in this issue (Goulson et al. 2011) and illustrates the viewpoint of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, although the lead author is a senior academic at Stirling University, UK. Hopefully, in addition to highlighting how science informs the conservation of bumblebees it will challenge readers to consider what more needs to be done. We encourage future submissions under Practitioner’s Perspectives but please be sure to contact the Editors to discuss your piece beforehand. There is no prescribed structure to Practitioner’s Perspectives apart from our hope that they will be thought-provoking and challenge the science community to consider the perspectives of those individuals addressing applied ecological issues. However, authors may wish to consider covering the activities of the individual or organization with regard to ecological management, the key issues they are addressing (see Sutherland et al. 2006, 2009 for a range of key questions), the extent to which applied ecological research has supported their activities (if at all), how future research might assist them to address ecological problems more effectively and how this might best be achieved (e.g. through greater dialogue, joint projects, new research techniques etc.).

Green fireballs and ball lightning

This paper presents evidence of an apparent connection between ball lightning and a green fireball. On the evening of the 16 May 2006 at least three fireballs were seen by many people in the skies of Queensland, Australia. One of the fireballs was seen passing over the Great Divide about 120 km west of Brisbane, and soon after, a luminous green ball about 30 cm in diameter was seen rolling down the slope of the Great Divide. A detailed description given by a witness indicates that the phenomenon was probably a highly luminous form of ball lightning. A hypothesis presented in this paper is that the passage of the Queensland fireball meteor created an electrically conductive path between the ionosphere and ground, providing energy for the ball lightning phenomenon. A strong similarity is noted between the Queensland fireball and the Pasamonte fireball seen in New Mexico in 1933. Both meteors exhibit a twist in the tail that could be explained by hydrodynamic forces. The possibility that multiple sightings of fireballs across southeast Queensland were produced owing to fragments from comet 73P Schwassmann–Wachmann 3 is discussed.

Climate-induced formation of a closed basin: Great Divide Basin, Wyoming

Large closed basins are often associated with regions of active tectonics. In contrast, we provide the example of the Great Divide Basin, in southern Wyoming, where climate change, through its impact on erosion and fl exure, provides the primary mechanism of basin closure. Two- and three-dimensional fl exural models that incorporate the effects of local basin abandonment due to aridity as well as minor extrabasinal extension demon- strate that basin closure with 40 m of base- ment relief (tilt) could have been achieved in the Great Divide Basin under reasonable assumptions of sediment rock density and fl exural rigidity. The primary drive for ba- sin abandonment was insuffi cient discharge that retarded river downcutting. Continued erosion in the surrounding drainage led to fl exural rebound, against which erosion by the outlet from the Great Divide Basin was unable to compete. Eventually, the basin became detached and isolated from the sur- rounding drainage, and a few tens of meters of differential tilt developed between the ba- sin fl oor and spillover point. An extra amount of tilt, up to a few meters, could have been at- tained by rift shoulder effects associated with minor nearby extension outside of the basin to the north. Hence, closure of the Great Di- vide Basin took place with no internal fault- ing, nor did it require any extrabasinal tec- tonic activity to force basin closure. Hence, basin closure and/or drainage reorganization need not record tectonic activity in all cases. Differential erosion provides an alternative hypothesis that does not refl ect local tectonic timing. Our model of the evolution of the Great Divide Basin illustrates a mechanism by which basins can become closed by cli- matic effects alone.