Graphics System Research Articles

Fabric Icons: The Impact of Traditional Costume Patterns on Ethnic Identity of the Sichuan Qiang Community

This is a comprehensive study focused on the symbolic significance of traditional costume patterns in the Qiang community of Sichuan. Recognizing culture as the soul of an ethnic group, this study sheds light on how these traditional costume patterns visually represent the Qiang ethnic culture and portray their tenacity and character. Utilizing systematic research into these visually striking patterns, which form a graphical system, this study offers a truthful depiction of the rich cultural heritage of the Qiang people. The paper discloses how a deeper understanding of these traditional costume patterns can enhance the Qiang community's understanding and appreciation of their indigenous culture and nurture a strong sense of ethnic identity. Engaging with these patterns is not merely an act of cultural preservation but also serves as a potent tool to consolidate unity within the community. By revealing the interplay between traditional costume design and cultural identity, this study contributes to the broader discourse on ethnic studies, cultural preservation, and anthropological design. This research provides an insightful perspective for cultural and social anthropologists, designers, and those interested in ethnic cultures and their visual representations.

System of pre-sowing seed inoculation

Pre-sowing inoculation of agricultural crops increases the parameters that affect the yield and quality of the crop, which has been proven by many Ukrainian and foreign researchers. The purpose of the study was to set the operating parameters of the injectors at different pressures, which allowed calculating the rate of discharge of the working solution during sowing to create a system of pre-sowing inoculation, which will simplify the process of seed treatment and increase the energy efficiency of farms. Methods of system and structural analysis, mathematical statistics, abstraction, and mathematical modelling based on the Euler-Lagrange equation, and using the foundations of theoretical mechanics, physics and machine theory were used for experimental research. The planning of the experiment met the current standards, and computer graphics systems and Microsoft Excel software suite were used for statistical data processing. Based on the conducted studies, the amount of liquid that one nozzle can pass in 1 min at pressures of 300, 400, and 500 kPA was determined. It was found that the lowest result was shown by a nozzle with a diameter of 0.1 mm with a pressure of 300 kPA – 10.493 ml/min, and the highest – a nozzle with a diameter of 0.8 mm and a pressure of 500 kPA – 146.379 ml/min. At the same time, injectors with a diameter of 0.4-0.6 mm used almost the same amount of liquid at pressures of 300 and 500 kPA. The amount of liquid that can be poured per 1 ha using a six-row seeding machine with a working width of 4.2 m per sowing unit of corn was calculated. The obtained data can be used to improve any systems that use similar nozzles, such as calculating the rate of discharge of agricultural sprayers or systems that allow cooling pig farms during the summer period

Combined bidirectional reflectance distribution functionsusage forincreasing images creation productivity

Modern computer graphics systems are characterized bythe requirements of highly-realistic and highly-productive image formation. In order to increase image formation productivity, the improvement of existing light reflectance models and the development of new models are constantly carried out. In the article the development of a combined light reflectance model based on the cosine-power functions is described. The main aspects of surface bidirectional reflectance distribution functions calculation and usage are analyzed. The features of simple empirical models and theoretical models that take into account microfacetedsurface representation are described. The disadvantages of existing surface reflectance models are discussed. The cosine-power functions of the fourth and sixteenth degreesare discussed. The necessity of the development ofanew surface reflectance model based on two cosine-power functions is justified. The calculation formula of the developed combined surface reflection functionis proposed. The formula oftheconnection point of two cosine-power functions was obtained. The obtained formula was approximated with a simpler formula using Chebyshev polynomials. The plot of cosine-power functions connection point valueswas built. The plot of productivity gain from combined function calculationrelative to the shininess coefficientis given. The average productivity gain value from combined function calculation was found. The plot of relative and absolute errors between the combinedfunction and the Blinn function relative to the shininess surface coefficient is given. The three-dimensional plot of absolute error between the combined function and the Blinn function was built. Using OpenGL shadinglanguage the developed model was implemented in the software application Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution FunctionsExplorer. The teapot visualization results based on the proposed combined function are given.The developed combined model combines the advantages oftwocosine-power functions and can be used in highly-productive three-dimensional computer graphics systems

GUIDE: A GUI for automated quantum chemistry calculations.

The accuracy of quantum mechanics (QM) simulations depends heavily on the quality of initial input files. Despite the popularity of QM simulation packages, achieving precise results still heavily relies on the user's proficiency in preparing the QM simulation systems. In this work, we present an easy-to-use tool called GUIDE, a YASARA plugin to assist researchers in quantum chemistry workflow automation using ORCA and MOPAC simulation packages. GUIDE lets users compute complex QM calculation workflows via an automated graphical window system. It allows for a more integrated and streamlined research process, as researchers can easily access all the necessary tools within one software without switching between multiple programs. This tool can save time and increase efficiency in computational chemistry methods. GUIDE is written in Python and is freely available for download at https://github.com/YAMACS-SML/GUIDE. The plugin is released under a GPL-3.0 license and is supported on Windows and Linux.

Design of Graphic Design Assistant System Based on Artificial Intelligence

With the development of technology, graphic design tools are becoming more and more perfect, which allows graphic designers to realize their dream designs, achieve more special effects, and thus expand their conceptual choices. The application of various new technologies in graphic design can promote the development of the graphic design industry. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has broken through the layout design in traditional graphic design. In this article, the author proposes the creation of a graphic design assistant system based on AI drawing on the deep learning (DL) theory. According to the DL theory, the image is segmented by the class variance. The voxelized image matrix of a two-dimensional (2D) model is input into a convolution-automatic encoder (CAE) as input data. The input data first pass through the convolution layer of the CAE, which mainly completes the mapping of features. The research results show that the average aesthetic evaluation of the system design works in this study is higher than that of CAD software and PS software, and the total average score is as high as 8.788, which shows that the system design works in this study are more in line with the requirements of professional understanding.

Deep learning based graphical password authentication approach against shoulder-surfing attacks

The password used to authenticate users is vulnerable to shoulder-surfing assaults, in which attackers directly observe users and steal their passwords without using any other technical upkeep. The graphical password system is regarded as a likely backup plan to the alphanumeric password system. Additionally, for system privacy and security, a number of programs make considerable use of the graphical password-based authentication method. The user chooses the image for the authentication procedure when using a graphical password. Furthermore, graphical password approaches are more secure than text-based password methods. In this paper, the effective graphical password authentication model, named as Deep Residual Network based Graphical Password is introduced. Generally, the graphical password authentication process includes three phases, namely registration, login, and authentication. The secret pass image selection and challenge set generation process is employed in the two-step registration process. The challenge set generation is mainly carried out based on the generation of decoy and pass images by performing an edge detection process. In addition, edge detection is performed using the Deep Residual Network classifier. The developed Deep Residual Network based Graphical Password algorithm outperformance than other existing graphical password authentication methods in terms of Information Retention Rate and Password Diversity Score of 0.1716 and 0.1643, respectively.

Scientific Visualization for Interrogation of Results in Lighting Simulation System

Lighting modeling software packages often include a tool for processing and investigation of two-dimensional images that are the results of modeling. Functionality of these tools is usually minimal one and often consists of mapping of resultant images into monitor screen only. There are general image viewers and image processing programs. But in practice they either do not contain required functionality, or are so superfluous that result postprocessing becomes inconvenient with them. Therefore we had to implement own viewer that processes high dynamic range images generated by the lighting simulation and realistic computer graphics system as well as visualizes supplementary simulation information needed for engineer analysis. Lighting simulation module transfers to our viewer the generated image in physical values together with supplementary data. These data has per pixel nature and form additional layers of images. Our image processing module provides brightness high dynamic range compression for rendering of images generated with lighting modeling methods including stochastic ones, analysis of the image generation algorithms using additional data layers, applying additional visual effects for improving images appearance, and export of processed images to commonly used formats.

3D-shape formation of blood vessels based on computer aided design system

This paper proposes and tests a computerized approach for constructing a 3D model of blood vessels from angiogram images. The approach is divided into two steps, image features extraction and solid model formation. In the first step, image morphological operations and post-processing techniques are used for extracting geometrical entities from the angiogram image. These entities are the middle curve and outer edges of the blood vessel, which are then passed to a computer-aided graphical system for the second phase of processing. The system has embedded programming capabilities and pre-programmed libraries for automating a sequence of events that are exploited to create a solid model of the blood vessel. The gradient of the middle curve is adopted to steer the vessel’s direction, while the cross-sections of the blood vessel are formed as a sequence of circles lying in planes that are orthogonal to the gradients of the middle curves. The radii for the circles are estimated as a distance between the intersection points of the blood vessel edges with the orthogonal plane to the middle curve gradient. The system then uses these circles and the middle curve gradients to produce a solid volume that represents the 3D shape of the blood vessel. The method was tested and evaluated using different cases of angiogram images, and showed a reasonable agreement between the generated shapes and the tested images.

A Comparison Between Position-Based and Image-Based Multi-Layer Graphical user Authentication System

System security is very important, especially in the age that we live in. One of the ways to secure data is by creating a password that makes it difficult for unauthorized user to gain access to the system. However, what makes it difficult for the system to be attacked is directly dependent on approach used to create it, and how secured it is. Text based approach is the oldest authentication approach. It requires that the user supplies textual password in order to gain access to the system. However, this approach has shown a significant drawback and several vulnerabilities, one of which is the difficulty in recalling or remembering textual passwords. Several other attacks that textual passwords are vulnerable to include brute force attacks, shoulder spying, dictionary attacks etc. The introduction of graphical schemes made things a lot better. Graphical passwords make use of images. However, most graphical schemes are vulnerable to shoulder surfing attacks. In this research work, we developed two systems; A position-based multi-layer graphical user authentication system and an Image-based multi-layer graphical user authentication system. The reason behind this research work is to compare the two systems, and evaluate them based on three major performance metrics: (1) Security, (2) Reliability (3) Individual preference.

New Game Artificial Intelligence Tools for Virtual Mine on Unreal Engine

Currently, the gamification of virtual reality for training miners, especially for emergencies, and designing the extraction of minerals in difficult technological conditions has been embodied in the Virtual Mine software and hardware. From a software development point of view, Virtual Mine is indistinguishable from other virtual reality games, and this offers a chance to use the potential of rapidly developing game software in mining, including engines, 3D modeling tools, audio editors, etc., to solve a wide range of game development tasks. The chosen direction will optimize the work of developers by providing a tool for developing game artificial intelligence to solve problems that require implementing the behavior of game agents without using a rigidly defined choice of scenarios or chains of these scenarios. The aim of the work is to expand the possibilities of working with game artificial intelligence on the Unreal Engine game engine to make it more functional. As a result, a tool has been obtained that can be used to optimize the time and improve the quality of the development of game artificial intelligence for Virtual Mine using flexible development approaches. The asset editor was developed, application modes and their working tabs were defined, and a graphical node system for the behavioral graph editor was created. A system for executing a behavioral graph is given; algorithms for its operation and features for executing nodes of a behavioral graph are presented.

The image of the city in ancient Turkic monuments

The article deals with the city models in the philosophical tractates «Beneficial knowledge» by Yusuf Balasaguni and «Diwani Hikmet» by Ahmed Yasawi. The above mentioned philosophical tractates «Beneficial knowledge» by Yusuf Balasaguni and «Diwani Hikmet» by Ahmed Yasawi are nowadays the common heritage of the Turkic people as a treasure of the history of social, cultural and literary life of the middle ages. All-round systematic study of the ethnic group and statehood, language and graphic system, historical, cultural and ethnopolitical situation of the Kazakh and other Turkic people is an important task for our contemporaries. There are a lot of evidences that the Turkic people inhabiting the vast steppes at the junction of Europe and Asia have long been accustomed to urban life. This is evidenced by the description of the life of the city's inhabitants that can be found in medieval works: «Beneficial knowledge» by the philosopher, poet Y. Balasaguni and «Diwani Hikmet» by A. Yasawi. City Kuzorda (Balasaguni) and Kashgar are mentioned in the work of Y. Balasaguni «Beneficial knowledge» and the cities Medina, Mecca and Turkestan are mentioned in the work «Diwani Hikmet» by A. Yasawi. We have identified the following models of the city through hermeneutical analysis of the selected artistic works: 1. «City – space»; 2. «City – sacred place»; 3. «City – citizens»; 4. «City – disappointment»; 5. «City – historical figures».

Click and Session based Captcha as Graphical Password Authentication Process using AI Technology

Abstract: Graphical passwords, two-factor authentication, and other ways are just a few of the many options we have for authentication. Text based protection. Codes are susceptible to a variety of assaults, including dictionary attacks. As a result, as part of the authentication procedure, in addition to the usual alpha-numeric password, we also utilise pictures with captchas. It also fixes the problems with the pass points of graphical password systems. Automated Turing Test for Computers and Humans that Is Completely Public (CAPTCHA) Users who have successfully authenticated must pass a test in order to access their individual mail accounts. Accounts that put the secrecy, reliability, and privacy of data at risk are attacked by bots and other malicious software. This was stopped by the invention of CAPTCHA.

Cloud-Based Smart Contract Analysis in FinTech Using IoT-Integrated Federated Learning in Intrusion Detection

Data sharing is proposed because the issue of data islands hinders advancement of artificial intelligence technology in the 5G era. Sharing high-quality data has a direct impact on how well machine-learning models work, but there will always be misuse and leakage of data. The field of financial technology, or FinTech, has received a lot of attention and is growing quickly. This field has seen the introduction of new terms as a result of its ongoing expansion. One example of such terminology is “FinTech”. This term is used to describe a variety of procedures utilized frequently in the financial technology industry. This study aims to create a cloud-based intrusion detection system based on IoT federated learning architecture as well as smart contract analysis. This study proposes a novel method for detecting intrusions using a cyber-threat federated graphical authentication system and cloud-based smart contracts in FinTech data. Users are required to create a route on a world map as their credentials under this scheme. We had 120 people participate in the evaluation, 60 of whom had a background in finance or FinTech. The simulation was then carried out in Python using a variety of FinTech cyber-attack datasets for accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, AUC (Area under the ROC Curve), trust value, scalability, and integrity. The proposed technique attained accuracy of 95%, precision of 85%, RMSE of 59%, recall of 68%, F-measure of 83%, AUC of 79%, trust value of 65%, scalability of 91%, and integrity of 83%.

AAJS: An Anti-Malicious Attack Graphic Similarity Judgment System in Cloud Computing Environments

With the rapid development of cloud computing and other modern technologies, collaborative computing between data is increasing, and privacy protection and secure multi-party computation are also attracting more attention. The emergence of cloud computing provides new options for data holders to perform complex computing problems and to store images; however, data privacy issues cannot be ignored. If a graphic is encrypted and stored in the cloud, the cloud server will perform confidential similar matching when the user searches. At present, most research on searchable encryption is focused on text search, with few schemes researched on how to finish the graphic search. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a secure search protocol based on graph shape under the semi-honest model. Using the cut-choose method and zero-knowledge proof, further designs of the anti-malicious attack graphic similarity judgment system (AAJS) based on the Paillier encryption algorithm, can achieve the secure search and matching of the graph while resisting malicious adversary attacks. The proposed protocol’s security is proved by the real/ideal model paradigm. This paper conducts performance analysis and experimental simulation on the existing scheme and the experiments demonstrate that the system achieves high execution efficiency.

Writing letters in two graphic systems: Behavioral and neural correlates in Latin-Arabic biscripters

Biscriptuality is the ability to read and write using two scripts. Despite the increasing number of biscripters, this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Here, we focused on investigating graphomotor processing in French–Arabic biscripters. We chose the French and Arabic alphabets because they have comparable visuospatial complexity and linguistic features, but differ dramatically in their graphomotor characteristics. In a first experiment we describe the graphomotor features of the two alphabets and showed that while Arabic and Latin letters are produced with the same velocity and fluency, Arabic letters require more pen lifts, contain more right-to-left strokes and clockwise curves, and take longer to write than Latin letters. These results suggest that Arabic and Latin letters are produced via different motor patterns. In a second experiment we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to ask whether writing the two scripts relies upon partially distinct or fully overlapping neural networks, and whether the elements of the previously described handwriting network are recruited to the same extent by the two scripts. We found that both scripts engaged the so-called “writing network”, but that within the network, Arabic letters recruited the left superior parietal lobule (SPL) and the left primary motor cortex (M1) more strongly than Latin letters. Both regions have previously been identified as holding scale-invariant representations of letter trajectories. Arabic and Latin letters also activated distinct regions that do not belong to the writing network. Complementary analyses indicate that the differences observed between scripts at the neural level could be driven by the specific graphomotor features of each script. Overall, our results indicate that particular features of the practiced scripts can lead to different motor organization at both the behavioral and brain levels in biscripters.

The Polysemous Lexemes in the Kazakh Dictionary Written in Cyrillic of the XIX Century

In modern Turkological science, it is relevant to study the language of Turkic written legacies written by various graphic systems as Runic, Uighur, Arabic, Latin, Cyrillic. In this context, Kazakh legacies written in Cyrillic at the end of the XIX – early XX century have not been sufficiently studied to date. The article examines how the Turkic peoples, including Kazakhs, adopted Cyrillic script around the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, when the first Cyrillic Kazakh ABC books, self-help books, dictionaries, and other landmarks were published by P.M. Melioransky, N.I. Ilminsky, M.A. Terentyev, V.V. Katarinsky, L. Budagov, and others. I. Altynsarin, A. Baitursynov, T. Bokin, Zh. Kusherbayev, M. Mashanov, and others were among the Kazakh intellectuals who actively started using the Cyrillic alphabet at that time as the enlighteners of the nation. Among Cyrillic publications bilingual dictionaries held a unique position, providing a glimpse into the Kazakhs' way of life during a particular historical period. Due to the fact that they contained both linguistic and ethno-cultural knowledge. The article is devoted to one such dictionary, in particular the «Kyrgyz-Russian Dictionary», which was released in 1897 in Orenburg by B.A. Breslin's publishing company. The unnamed dictionary was created using N.I. Ilminsky's dictionary, «Materials for the study of the Kyrgyz dialect» (Kazan, 1861) that was expanded upon and amended with the help of the Kazakh intellectuals. The article examines the polysemy of these dictionary's words. The polysemous meanings of this dictionary are exposed, together with their lexical and semantic variations, on the basis of the notions of polysemy. This also reveals the continuity of this dictionary polysemous meanings with the lexemes of the contemporary Kazakh language.

The importance of forensic odontology in identifying the victims of mass disasters

The article presents the issues related to the identification of victims thanks to odontological expertise. The development of genetics gives forensics a great tool, which is the analysis of the genetic profile of DNA, which categorically enables the identification of human remains. However, this type of test is not possible in all cases. It is only applicable for the preservation of soft tissues, otherwise the preserved dentition will be an excellent identification material. The method is often used when identifying bodies exposed to high temperatures and in advanced decomposition. The development of odontological expertise would be impossible without the contribution of eminent dentists, such as Adolf Zsigmondy. By developing the first graphical tooth marking system, he paved the way for today's TDS and UNS systems. A good dentition classification system is an indispensable tool for odontologists and dentists working on the identification of cadavers and is directly related to the need to use comparative materials, also key in the effective identification of cadavers, and sometimes human remains. These are data obtained from dental offices, in the form of comprehensive information about patients - their dental treatment cards, orthodontic casts, fragments of dentures and crowns, X-rays, etc. and enriched through dental databases. As a result, the odontological expertise and its development enable the effective identification of about 60% of the corpses examined with the help of this procedure, when DNA material cannot be used for this purpose.

Об одном способе формирования коник

In the articles of the Geometry and Graphics magazine devoted to the properties of the Dupin cyclide, the construction of a conic – ellipse, hyperbola and parabola – using the properties of the cyclide was considered. At the same time, the center of the transformation was located on a straight line connecting the centers of the two base circles, and its location on such a straight line was negotiated separately and was located as the center of homology. To construct a parabola, it was necessary to take a straight line instead of the second circle, and the center of the transformation – the center of homology – had to be located at the intersection point of a straight line passing through the center of the first circle perpendicular to the second circle-a straight line with the first circle. Two different parabolas were obtained as a result of the transformation. In this paper, it is proved that if we take the center of correspondence that does not belong to a circle, we get other second–order curves - ellipses and hyperbolas. The construction of an ellipse is geometrically proved. To do this, the center of correspondence must lie on a straight line connecting the centers of the circles, but outside the actual circle. Several examples are considered. If the center of correspondence is inside the circle, we will have a hyperbola. Thus, having initially given only one con-figuration from a straight line and a circle, it is possible to obtain all conics: ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas, passing into one another. The proposed scheme for constructing conics can be used for computer drawing of all conics, which is more convenient than with the available options sewn into today's graphical drawing systems.

Survey of Graphical Password Authentication Systems Suitable for Android Application

Survey of Graphical Password Authentication Systems Suitable for Android Application

Modeling language for the function-oriented development of mechatronic systems with motego

As mechatronic products gain in popularity, methods for mastering the complexity of these systems in development become increasingly relevant, such as model-based systems engineering (MBSE). Main pillars of MBSE are method, language and tool. A method specifies procedures in product development. The application of the method is supported by a language and tool as the language specifies a system of symbols with which development artifacts can be represented in a software environment (i.e. tool). Currently, various MBSE methods exist, such as motego. Motego specifies a framework for the function-oriented seamless development of mechatronic systems from requirements to the physical realization down to mechanical and electrical contacts and the description of these via parameters and models. Central element in MBSE is the system model, which connects all relevant development artefacts. The system model is created with a language in a software environment such as Cameo Systems Modeler. In MBSE, the graphical systems modeling language SysML is widely established. The language elements in SysML are very abstract and numerous. As a result, the language is difficult to apply. However, its reasonable applicability is an essential prerequisite for the introduction of the motego methods in industrial practice. This results in the following research need: A specific modeling language for the motego method is needed that supports its reasonable application. Therefore, in this paper a modeling language is presented whose language elements are specifically adapted to the motego method. With the help of this domain specific language, the user is guided through method-compliant modeling.