Graphical Techniques Research Articles

Optimization of CO2 huff-n-puff EOR in the Bakken Formation using numerical simulation and response surface methodology

CO2 huff-n-puff has been identified as a promising method for enhancing oil recovery in unconventional formations. However, the technique has not gained industry-wide adoption partly due to knowledge gaps in several aspects of this method. One such aspect is understanding the influence of critical operating parameters on oil recovery and gas utilization and their optimization. The purpose of this work is to study the impact of five critical operational parameters, namely, injection rate, injection period, soak period, production period and production bottom-hole pressure, on oil recovery and gas utilization. This work leverages compositional reservoir simulation and response surface methodology (RSM) for this purpose. The use of RSM enables the evaluation of the statistical significance of the influencing parameters and, most importantly, their interactions, which has often been neglected in the current literature. We also applied numerical and graphical techniques to find the combination of operating parameters that maximize oil recovery and gas utilization. The Bakken formation is used as a study area.Our findings suggest that the production bottom hole pressure (BHP) and production period are the most influencing parameters on oil recovery. Within our factor design space, the injection rate and period have little influence on oil recovery and may reduce gas utilization when increased. Contrary to several reports in the literature, increasing the soak period negatively influences the oil recovery factor. In addition, we unraveled several significant interactions among these parameters. Finally, numerical optimization indicates that CO2 huff-n-puff in the Bakken formation can yield more than 7% incremental recovery with a gas utilization factor of more than 2 bbl/Mscf. We believe the findings in this work can better guide operators to design efficient CO2 huff-n-puff strategies in the Bakken formation and other unconventional reservoirs.

Developing the customs control and customs value of goods declaration systems

Subject. This article discusses the problems of legal regulation of issues related to customs control in the territory of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. Objectives. The article aims to develop proposals for improving the systems of customs control and declaration of customs value of goods. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis, analogy, graphic and compilation techniques, and induction and deduction. Results. The article defines and presents a list of cases when it is necessary to fill out a declaration of customs value and carry out customs control of customs value. Relevance. The results of the study can be used in the practical activities of companies implementing foreign economic activity, and consulting firms as well.

BubDepth: A neural network approach to three-dimensional reconstruction of bubble geometry from single-view images

The study of bubbly flows relies on the extraction of bubble information in experiments. Extraction with image processing based on images taken by high-speed cameras is a commonly adopted approach. Current methods mostly deal with silhouettes, abandoning the grayscale information in the images. In this paper, we propose BubDepth, a workflow that utilizes grayscale information and automatically reconstructs rough 3D shapes of one side of the bubbles from single-view images. The workflow consists of two parts: segmentation and depth inference. A neural network is used to recognize bubbles and masks in the segmentation part. The following depth inference network computes a relative depth map for each mask, describing the 3D shapes of one side of bubbles. The neural networks are trained using a dataset generated by computer graphics techniques. The image generator can create synthetic images of scenes labeled with 3D shape information of bubbles. BubDepth is a novel method for the 3D reconstruction of bubble shape based on single-view images. It achieved accurate results for synthetic images and could produce convincing predictions in the tests for real images.

Adelaide Ristori dalle ‘cartes de visite’ alla stampa internazionale (1854-1864)

Adelaide Ristori was among the first actresses to build an iconic image of herself, which spread internationally since her Parisian debut in 1855. Aware of the importance of photography, she did not hesitate to be portrayed by the most important photographers. Ristori thus entered the pantheon of illustrious people, known throughout Europe and beyond its borders. Her portraits in carte de visite format quickly integrated into the circuit of the press, establishing a complex relationship with pre-existing graphic techniques, such as engraving. The article analyses the progressive diffusion of Adelaide Ristori’s photographs, focusing in particular on the carte de visite format and on newspapers. The corpus includes three photographs of the actress kept at the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (BNF): a portrait by August Bertsch and two cartes de visite by André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri and Étienne Carjat. What image of the actress do these pictures convey? How do press, graphic arts and photography interact in creating the iconic image of the actress?

Графический юмор комикса "Хармсиниада" Алексея Никитина

The concept of the study is to look at the comic through the eyes of a modern person and understand why we might be interested in it. We will draw up a formula of interest on the example of a particular work that has this property. The content of the study is built on three parts - immersion in the context, analysis of graphic techniques and analysis of conceptual techniques that are used in the comic. The purpose of this visual study is to analyze, using the example of the book "Harmsiniad" by Alexey Nikitin, how graphic stories about popular personalities and events should be approached in such a way that it is new, interesting and ironic. This is a study on how to make artistic images from the last century relevant now.

Лингвокреативность в дискурсе электронных СМИ: средства и методы

The article is devoted to the analysis of the means of linguistic creativity verbalization in the discourse of electronic mass media. Aiming at the detection and analysis of these means, realized by employing devices of various language levels, the authors emphasize the necessity of using a complex of research methods, such as content analysis, descriptive, semiotic and classification method to identify, analyze, classify the detected lexical, graphic, grammar and stylistic techniques to highlight the most widely used means of actualizing linguistic creativity in mass media discourse. The overview of the approaches to the analysis of electronic mass media is included. The authors also point out at multi-disciplinary character and complexity of the category of linguistic creativity, which involves activity, cognitive and communicative aspects. The research material is comprised of texts of mailing lists devoted to the topic of pandemic. In the result of conducted research the authors come to conclusion that means of actualization of linguistic creativity include verbal and non-verbal mechanisms which create psycho-emotional effect, exactly, lexical, grammar, stylistic and graphic means; lexical units of certain subject areas – medicine, telecommunications – used in the transformed meaning, which is achieved by employing a number of stylistic expressive means; visual elements which help to identify implicit meanings present in the texts; lexical deviations functioning as occasionalisms as an additional factor of attracting attention to the information in the texts.

Visualization Display System of Gannan Hakka Paper-Cut Works Based on Computer Graphics Algorithm.

Today, computer graphics and graphic image processing techniques have been widely used in daily life and industrial production. Due to the development of computers, computer graphics has brought more convenience to our daily life. In order to give full play to the value of computers, this paper takes the Hakka paper-cut art with local characteristics as the starting point, first of all its development history, artistic characteristics, compositional forms, expression techniques, cultural connotations, Hakka paper-cut patterns, and the symbolic meaning of folk customs, and then we design a visualization system for the paper-cut works of Gannan Hakka based on computer graphics. In addition, the system provides a solution for the integration of Gannan Hakka paper-cut art and Jiangxi native product packaging design and provides a reference for the theory and practice of modern native product packaging design.

La representación pictórica y gráfica en Teotihuacan como antecedente de los códices mesoamericanos

The writing system developed in ancient Mesoamerica is a relatively recent discovery that is related to specific geographic areas and time periods. This article explains an approach to the interpretation of Teotihuacan hieroglyphs as a graphic communication technique used by the elites of the city and frequently combined with figurative imagery. Without attempting to propose any hieroglyphic readings, it will be argued that precedents of Mesoamerican pictographic codices can be found in the ancient city of Teotihuacan. This argumentation will be based on the semiotics of the Peircean tradition, the theory of writing and grammatology by Ignace Gelb and Alfonso Lacadena, and on comparisons and analogy.

Mathematical-Computational Optimization Methods on Primary Molecular Effect Model for Selected High Temperature Superconductors with Electronics Physics Applications

In previous series of contributions, Inverse Least Squares (ILS) Numerical Optimization, 3D/4D Interior Optimization, 3D/4D Graphical Optimization software and algorithms-programming were presented. The BCS theory Isotope Effect applications on superconductors TC dual/multiobjective optimization was the main subject. This contribution deals with the Molecular Effect Model for High Temperature Superconductors (HTSCs), in primary hypothesis stages. Selected group of HTSCs is Sn-Sb-Te-Ba-Mn-Cu-O . Namely, classical Inverse Least Squares, 2D Interior Optimization, and 2D Graphical Optimization techniques are applied. Results comprise Tikhonov Regularization algorithms and mathematical methods for this HTSCs group. Mathematical-programming findings to optimize this Type II HTSCs are presented with ILS outcoming data in Matlab and GNU-Octave. Rulings present an hypothesis of new ‘Molecular Effect’ model/algorithm, intended be proven for this HTSCs group. In this Molecular Effect optimization, Inverse Least Squares and Inverse Least Squares polynomial methods are applied with acceptable Numerical and 2D Graphical Optimization solutions. Results show accuracy with low programming residuals that confirm these findings. Solutions comprise two strands, the modelling for Molecular Effect, and the Inverse Least Squares improved programming methods with confidence intervals and statistical images. Hypothesis in Electronics Physics applications for Superconductors and High Temperature Superconductors emerge from findings. Modelling-hypothesis applications in Superconductor Theory turn up from the numerical and imaging data obtained.

PEMBUATAN VIDEO TUTORIAL APLIKASI TEKNIK-TEKNIK SENI GRAFIS PADA PENCIPTAAN KARYA UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19

The research with the title Making Video Tutorials for Application of Graphic Art Techniques in Creating Artwork for Elementary School Children During the Covid 19 Pandemic is intended as a response to the situation and conditions in Indonesia which is experiencing the Covid 19 pandemic. To stop the potential spread of Covid 19, the government makes a policy teaching and learning activities are diverted at home. Through this research, the authors want to contribute by making video tutorials on the application of various techniques in graphic arts in the creation of works for elementary school children that can be practiced at home. Graphic art has a wealth of techniques that can be applied in the creation of works for elementary school children. In this study, the authors will focus on relief techniques and stencil techniques. Selected video tutorials for creators as media to be easy to understand, practical, interactive and in line with government regulations during the Covid 19 pandemic to carry out social restrictions and physical distancing. With video tutorials, creators can share the technique of creating this work with more people using social media (via youtube or whatsapp). The artist hopes that with art activities, children can be more comfortable and at home with activities at home because in the activity of creating works of art there are aspects to express pent-up feelings and thoughts. Through art activities, children can communicate what is in their minds and the world around them. Art is believed to have a cathartic function so that it can release tension and pressure while studying at home during the Covid 19 pandemic.Keywords: covid 19 pandemic, graphic art techniques, elementary school children, video tutorials

The mechanism for determining the customs value of goods imported into the EAEU territory by imported-goods transaction value: Theory and practice

Subject. This article discusses the mechanism for determining the customs value of goods imported into the customs territory of the EAEU through the value of the transaction with imported goods. Objectives. The article aims to consider the theoretical provisions of determining the value of goods imported into the customs territory of the EAEU by the value of the transaction with imported goods, and develop practical case studies of its application in practice. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis, analogy, graphic and compilation techniques, and induction and deduction. Results. The article considers the basic provisions for the formation of the customs value of goods, taking into account the conditions for applying method 1, as well as the price actually paid or payable, taking into account the use of permitted deductions and additional charges, namely three types of permitted deductions from the actual paid or payable price. For each deduction, practice-oriented case studies have been developed showing possible options for their application. Conclusions and Relevance. The tools developed by the Technical Committee were to be reflected in the legislative acts of the EAEU. However, this is fraught with difficulties in collecting information on comparable companies in order to justify the marketability of the transaction. Price actually paid or payable, being a special term for customs legal relations, includes an open list of payments made or to be made as a condition for the sale of goods, the customs value of which is determined. The results of the study can be used in the practical activities of companies implementing foreign economic activity, consulting firms, and scientific organizations when conducting research.

Assessment of the Ability of Rural Communities to Prepare High-Quality Development Projects

The development of communities and territories requires significant investment. At their expense, communities can restore existing or build new infrastructure, develop businesses, and launch joint development projects. All this is done to improve the living conditions and well-being of the population in communities. As a rule, there are not enough own funds to solve all tasks: community resources are limited and are largely used to meet priority needs. Rural and village communities, almost always financed on a residual basis, are practically unable to provide not only extended, but even simple reproduction of their territories. Therefore, larger projects are implemented using financial or material and technical resources provided from the state budget and/or through international technical assistance projects. This resource is mainly received on a non-refundable basis. The main requirement is for communities to get a sustainable long-term effect from investment. It is also a confirmation of the ability of territorial entities to independently maintain restored or created infrastructure or projects that have been put into operation. In order for these funds to be received by the most worthy and prepared entities, they are distributed through competitive selection mechanisms. Any communities submit project applications for the competition. The most important thing is that the applications meet the requirements of the competition and contain all the information properly submitted. The EU sectoral support competition is one of the largest, both in terms of coverage of Ukrainian communities, and in terms of development areas that can be funded. The results of the competition allow assessing which development problems seem most urgent in rural areas, and whether rural communities have an understanding of the requirements of project approaches. Conclusions and generalisations can serve as a marker for assessing the competitiveness of rural and village communities in the struggle for project resources. In addition – in terms of forming further policies for the development of rural areas and their institutional support. The purpose of the study – assess the ability of territorial communities (with an emphasis on rural and village communities) to prepare high-quality development projects in accordance with European approaches, and provide proposals for improving this ability. To assess the ability of territorial communities to prepare high-quality development projects, statistical and comparative analysis, systematisation and generalisation of information were carried out. The following methods were applied: synthesis and formalisation, graphical and tabular techniques. A study of the activity of communities (with an emphasis on rural and village ones) in terms of preparing development projects was carried out. Their readiness to participate in competitions is analysed. Based on the submitted project applications, a summary of the key priorities for the development of rural and village communities is made. A number of generalisations have been formed regarding the level of project capacity of territorial communities (primarily rural and village communities). Proposals have been developed to improve the ability of communities to attract resources through competitions of this level and their further effective use. Separately, proposals for the introduction of a “project counselling” system within agricultural advisory services and/or regional development agencies (RDA) are provided. The results of the assessment of the ability of rural and village communities to prepare high-quality development projects, the proposed recommendations for their improvement, can be used by central and local authorities, territorial communities, organisations, international technical assistance projects, whose activities are aimed at the development of communities and territories in the implementation of rural development policies both at the national and local levels.

Visual discrimination of optical material properties: A large-scale study.

Complex visual processing involved in perceiving the object materials can be better elucidated by taking a variety of research approaches. Sharing stimulus and response data is an effective strategy to make the results of different studies directly comparable and can assist researchers with different backgrounds to jump into the field. Here, we constructed a database containing several sets of material images annotated with visual discrimination performance. We created the material images using physically based computer graphics techniques and conducted psychophysical experiments with them in both laboratory and crowdsourcing settings. The observer's task was to discriminate materials on one of six dimensions (gloss contrast, gloss distinctness of image, translucent vs. opaque, metal vs. plastic, metal vs. glass, and glossy vs. painted). The illumination consistency and object geometry were also varied. We used a nonverbal procedure (an oddity task) applicable for diverse use cases, such as cross-cultural, cross-species, clinical, or developmental studies. Results showed that the material discrimination depended on the illuminations and geometries and that the ability to discriminate the spatial consistency of specular highlights in glossiness perception showed larger individual differences than in other tasks. In addition, analysis of visual features showed that the parameters of higher order color texture statistics can partially, but not completely, explain task performance. The results obtained through crowdsourcing were highly correlated with those obtained in the laboratory, suggesting that our database can be used even when the experimental conditions are not strictly controlled in the laboratory. Several projects using our dataset are underway.

MIP mapping the virtual environment for computer games

The paper describes how MIP-mapping and paging can be used to represent not only terrain imagery, but also terrain elevation. Previously the only things missing to implement Earth coverage were computing power, input/output bandwidth, graphics processing units (GPUs) and techniques to deal with large data sets. The article describes the rendering method that uses the GPU for most of the calculations. Modern graphics accelerators for personal computers allow you to solve problems that require the generation of images of the visual environment of photographic quality in real time. High-quality visualization of large continuous spaces of 3D vegetation is one of the requirements when creating most land transport simulators, as well as many virtual reality applications. Representation of large forest spaces in the form of free-standing tree models that have an acceptable visual quality for close-up display from the observer, it is impossible due to the huge number of primitives required for visualization. The article proposes use parallel calculations in GPU to accelerate rendering. We successfully integrated proposed visualization method into the standard rendering pipeline. For considered tests the application with GPU average ten times faster, than the version using only CPU. The proposed method takes into account the features of the architecture of modern GPUs and allows you to distribute the load on the display between the CPU and GPU. In this case, the method does not require significant resources for visualization. The implementation of the method showed that received speed in most cases is sufficient for the effective application of the method in computer games. The paper also proposes a method for high-quality visualization of large continuous spaces of 3D vegetation.

Likelihood of infectious diseases due to lack of exclusive breastfeeding among infants in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh is a South Asian developing country trying to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)-3 and the objective of the Rural Electrification Board (REB) regarding child mortality. Infectious diseases are leading causes of child mortality, and lack of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among infants aged 0-6 months increases child morbidity and mortality from various infectious diseases in developing countries. However, as per existing literature, no study has been conducted yet to determine the lack of EBF practice effect on child mortality in Bangladesh. With this backdrop, the authors intend to measure the likelihood of infectious diseases due to the lack of EBF of infants aged 0-6 months in Bangladesh. This study used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) data over 1996-97 to 2017-18. The mothers of infants aged 0-6 months who were willingly participated in the BDHSs were considered to include in our analysis. Initially, there were 9,133 cases in the combined dataset. After filtering, there were 5,724 cases in the final dataset. We have considered diarrhea (D), acute respiratory infection (ARI) separately as well as the presence of either D or ARI or both and named as CoDARI as outcome variables. This study used both graphical and statistical techniques (Chi-square test, Wald test, and logistic regression) to analyze the data. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to quantify the likelihood of infectious diseases due to lack of EBF practice and its elasticity, respectively. The EBF practice got a conspicuous increasing trend, but the prevalence of infectious diseases was declined from 0 to 3 months of age of infants, whereas an inverse scenario is observed between 4-6 months. The significance of that inverse relationship was confirmed by p-value corresponding to the chi-square test and the Wald test of the adjusted regression coefficients after adjusting the associated factor's effect on infectious diseases. The adjusted ORs also concluded that the lack of EBF practice up to six months of age could enhance the risk of D, ARI, and CoDARI by 2.11 [95% CI: 1.56-2.85], 1.43 [95% CI: 1.28-1.60], and 1.48 [95% CI: 1.32-1.66] times higher, respectively. Findings of this study emphasize the importance of EBF up to six months of age of infants against diarrhea and ARI specific morbidity and mortality. Our results also agreed to the recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), and National Nutrition Programme of Ethiopia (NNPE) that the EBF practice for the first six months of age could be a best, cost-effective, long-lasting natural preventive way to reduce the child morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases in developing countries. Therefore, findings would help policymakers ensuring the achievement target of REB and SDG-3 associated with the health sector in Bangladesh.

GRA-PIN: A Graphical and PIN-Based Hybrid Authentication Approach for Smart Devices.

In many smart devices and numerous digital applications, authentication mechanisms are widely used to validate the legitimacy of users’ identification. As a result of the increased use of mobile devices, most people tend to save sensitive and secret information over such devices. Personal Identification Number (PIN)-based and alphanumeric passwords are simple to remember, but at the same time, they are vulnerable to hackers. Being difficult to guess and more user-friendly, graphical passwords have grown in popularity as an alternative to all such textual passwords. This paper describes an innovative, hybrid, and much more robust user authentication approach, named GRA-PIN (GRAphical and PIN-based), which combines the merits of both graphical and pin-based techniques. The feature of simple arithmetic operations (addition and subtraction) is incorporated in the proposed scheme, through which random passwords are generated for each login attempt. In the study, we have conducted a comparative study between the GRA-PIN scheme with existing PIN-based and pattern-based (swipe-based) authentications approaches using the standard Software Usability Scale (SUS). The usability score of GRA-PIN was analyzed to be as high as 94%, indicating that it is more reliable and user friendly. Furthermore, the security of the proposed scheme was challenged through an experiment wherein three different attackers, having a complete understanding of the proposed scheme, attempted to crack the technique via shoulder surfing, guessing, and camera attack, but they were unsuccessful.

Performance Assessment and Modeling of Routing Protocol in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Using Statistical Design of Experiments Methodology: A Comprehensive Study

The performance assessment of routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) plays a critical role in testing the efficiency of the routing algorithms before deployment in real conditions. This research introduces the statistical design of experiments (DOE) methodology as an innovative alternative to the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach for the assessment and the modeling of VANET routing protocol performance. In this paper, three design of experiments methods are applied, namely the two-level full factorial method, the Plackett–Burman method and the Taguchi method, and their outcomes are comprehensively compared. The present work considers a case study involving four factors namely: node density, number of connections, black hole and worm hole attacks. Their effects on four measured outputs called responses are simultaneously evaluated: throughput, packet loss ratio, average end-to-end delay and routing overhead of the AODV routing protocol. Further, regression models using the least squares method are generated. First, we compare the main effects of factors resulted from the three DOE methods. Second, we perform analysis of variance (ANOVA) to explore the statistical significance and compare the percentage contributions of each factor. Third, the goodness of fit of regression models is assessed using the adjusted R-squared measure and the fitting plots of measured versus predicted responses. VANET simulations are implemented using the network simulator (NS-3) and the simulator of urban mobility (SUMO). The findings reveal that the design of experiments methodology offers powerful mathematical, graphical and statistical techniques for analyzing and modeling the performance of VANET routing protocols with high accuracy and low costs. The three methods give equivalent results in terms of the main effect and ANOVA analysis. Nonetheless, the Taguchi models show higher predictive accuracy.

Efficient Urban Runoff Quantity and Quality Modelling Using SWMM Model and Field Data in an Urban Watershed of Tehran Metropolis

This study aims to calibrate and validate the EPA Storm Water Management Model from field measurements of rainfall and runoff, in order to simulate the rainfall-runoff process in an urban watershed of Tehran metropolis, Iran. During and after three significant storm events, the flow rates, total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentrations were measured at the outlet of the catchment, and were used in the model calibration and validation process. The performance of the SWMM model was evaluated based on the statistical criteria, as well as graphical techniques. In this study, a local sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the key model parameters, show that “the percentage of impervious surface in each subwatershed had the most effect on the model output”. Based on the analysis of the results, SWMM model calibration and validation can be judged as satisfactory, and the goodness-of-fit indices for simulating runoff quality and quantity are placed in acceptable ranges. The adjustment obtained for the variations in the measured and simulated flow rates, pollutograph concentrations, total pollutant load, peak concentration, and the event mean concentration (EMC) confirms the considerable predictive capability of the SWMM model when it is well calibrated by using field measurements.

Pension provision for self-employed citizens: Problems and solutions

Subject. The article addresses the specifics of taxation and pension provision for self-employed citizens, the related problems and solutions. Objectives. The aim is to analyze the reasons for the self-employed to evade taxes and insurance premiums, assess recent legislative changes with respect to the taxation of the self-employed, identify solutions for de-shadowing of this category of citizens in the context of taxation and pension insurance. Methods. The study draws on methods of statistical analysis of numerical data (comparison, grouping, dynamic analysis, graphic techniques), and traditional methods of scientific knowledge (induction, deduction, systems analysis). Results. Solving the problems of pension provision for the self-employed requires comprehensive and coordinated measures aimed at ensuring an uncritical burden of tax payments and social insurance contributions for the financial situation of the self-employed, taking into account the risks and specifics of their activities, and the de-shadowing of the self-employed, reducing the opportunities for their departure from the legal field. This requires adjusting the existing legislation and technological solutions, considering the digitalization of economic relations. Conclusions. De-shadowing of self-employed citizens and their pension provision requires both the consideration of interests of the self-employed and the specifics of their financial situation, as well as the peculiarities of digital economy, the activities of modern network platforms, and economic relations in the digital environment. In addition, there is a need to improve the efficiency of pension funds and trust management of pension savings.

Green Building Assessment In Shopping Buildings

Research on green building in terms of accounting science is still rare. This research aims to explore the benchmarks and criteria for green building in its application to multi-storey buildings and to contribute to increasing the efficiency of building operational costs.The method used in this research is through exploration of data from questionnaires collected using simple arithmetic techniques and graphic techniques in summarizing the observational data. The number of respondents who responded to the questionnaire that was run until this data was processed was 111 respondents.The results of this study indicate that the application of green building benchmarks can be said to have been implemented because the average percentage of respondents who answered Yes was 58.4% or above the standardization used in this study, namely 57% (gold rank).This research provides theoretical implications, which is able to strengthen the theory of the reliability of accounting. One of them is green accounting, which is the triple bottom line (planet, people and profit). In order that implementation of green building which has been applied only from the civil engineering condition of the building, the art of building architecture and the electrical engineering of the building, but now it has begun to be calculated regarding advantages and disadvantages similarly the benefit of the green building .From a micro economics (organizational) point of view, this research contributes to educating property business and stakeholders that green building is not object that is expensive although is a solution for cost efficiency. People can distinguish the price of green buildings and ordinary buildings.