Graphical Techniques Research Articles

Elementos culturales y usos sociopolíticos de una celebración a las Ánimas en Santiago Mexquititlán

This work addresses the Celebration of the Day of the Dead in 2019 in Santiago Mexquititlán from a cultu- ral and political approach. The intention was to know the cultural elements and their ritual expression, as well as to expose their reactivation in the framework of a community conflict. Theoretical-conceptual ar- guments of the Theory of Cultural Control and the procedural analysis of the rite were used, as well as elements of Participatory Action Research and ethno- graphic techniques for its documentation.

Drawing techniques as tools for the evaluation of scholastic integration and emotional components in primary and secondary school: A cross-sectional study.

In the last decades, many studies have emphasized emotion's role in psycho-educational processes during childhood, such as scholastic integration. Emotional variables in childhood can be assessed through projective graphic techniques, as they allow children to use kinetic components of the draws to communicate emotions. 1.757 couple of draws were collected, from primary school children (N = 1.270; F = 643 [50.6%]; Age = 8.6; SD = 1.31) and secondary school children (N = 487; F = 220 [45.2%]; Age = 11.72; SD = 0.70) and from eight schools in Sicily and over 60 different classrooms. The Drawn Stories Technique and the Classroom Draw were used to assess children's current emotional state and scholastic integration. Pearson's correlation showed significant relationships between the Drawn Stories Technique and both sex and age. In contrast, Classroom Drawing total score showed a significant relationship with the female sex but no significant relationship with age. Linear regression analysis, including sex and age as independent variables, showed that sex is a significant predictor of Negative Outcomes of the Drawn Stories Technique, while no effect of age was detected. These findings showed that adequate attention is needed to the learners' emotional-affective world that influences their relationships and their vision within the class group. Although the drawing techniques alone seem to be not as such sufficient to explain children's individual differences in the classroom on the whole, they could be helpful for the teacher to facilitate dialogues with children, modulate didactical materials, and detect and prevent some problems in group class functioning.

Tensile shear fracture load bearing capability, softening of HAZ and microstructural characteristics of resistance spot welded DP-1000 steel joints

Abstract The main objective of this investigation is to enhance the tensile shear fracture load (TSFL) bearing capability and minimize softening in heat affected zone (HAZ) of resistance spot welded DP-1000 steel spot joints for automotive applications. The lap tensile and cross tensile shear fracture load tests (LTSFL and CTSFL) were conducted. The process parameters were optimized using numerical and graphical optimization techniques to maximize the TSFL capability of spot joints. The microstructure of spot joints was studied using optical microscopy and correlated to TSFL and hardness of spot joints. Results showed that DP-1000 steel spot joints made using the welding power of 70 W, welding time of 1.0 s, electrode pressure of 4.25 MPa showed maximum LTSFL of 22 kN and CTSFL of 9.1 kN. The parametric optimization showed 46.66, 45.77, 22.33 and 9.87% increase in LTSFL, CTSFL, nugget zone hardness and HAZ hardness of DP-1000 steel spot joints. The higher TSFL and nugget hardness of spot joints is mainly attributed to the evolution of finer martensitic sandwiching ferrite phases in nugget zone and lower softening of HAZ than other joints. Welding power showed significant influence on TSFL of spot joints followed by welding time and electrode pressure.

Mind Mapping and Positive Mental Attitude to Enhance Secretarial Duties

Mind mapping is a powerful graphic technique that provides universal keys to unlocking the brain's potential. It has been proven through studies that work performance, including secretarial duties, are affected significantly by how an individual manage their thinking. Hypothetically, mind-mapping, one of the techniques to organize thoughts and produce creative ideas, could help enhance desired mental attitude (one of our mind’s product) which in turn direct the secretarial duties completion with the desired result. The study is observing and finding patterns of how mind-mapping affects one’s mental attitude and enhance her secretarial duties performance. The findings show that the mind mapping skills support the functions of an office administration personnel in planning and executing plans. The respondents showed they used graphs, figures, and symbols in planning and executing the plan. The findings regarding mental attitude supporting Secretarial Skills also indicate that most of the mental attitude aspects support secretarial skills.

The zoo in the Russian children`s book of the 1920s

The article analyzes the most interesting and revealing “picture books” of the 1920s, united by the theme of visiting the zoo (menagerie), so beloved by the children`s audience. This topic was addressed by famous masters of various directions: animalists who followed the traditions of realistic illustration of the late XIX – early XX centuries (V.A. Vatagin, A.N. Komarov), OST graphics (N.N. Kupreyanov, Yu.I. Pimenov), avant-gardists (V.M. Ermolaeva, K.M. Zdanevich). Their works allow for a comparison of different artistic approaches to the subject, revealing characteristic narrative patterns and genre clichés found in such publications, as well as typical images and graphic techniques.

Неизвестный Головницкий. Творческий поиск в станковых произведениях скульптора

The article analyzes the formal stylistic characteristics of the easel works of the National Artist of the Russian Federation, academic, Lev Nikolavich Golovnitskiy (1929–1994). Our study allowed us to identify the variations in the sculptor’s compositional genius reflected in the easel art genre. This field was not subject to political and ideological biases, allowing artists to experiment with form and sculpture. We noted a constant cycle of themes characteristic of Golovnitskiy: vast human and civilian themes, heroic deeds and events of the time. We analyzed easel works stored in Russian museum collections. Photographs of Golovnitskiy’s unpreserved easel works are introduced into the literature for the first time. These rare images confirm the breadth of the sculptor’s knowledge in creating forms and are close, stylistically, to the modernist pursuits. Complex methods of analysis allowed us to determine that Golovnitskiy actively used graphic techniques and methods of styling, generalization, and intercompositional rhythmic constructions. The article stresses the importance of studying the artist’s sketches alongside his sculptures, as many graphic and rhythmic findings are reflected in the plastic medium. Specialattention is paid L.N. Golovnitsky’s work as a mentor, having trained well-known Buryat sculptor, B.D. Namdakov, using his own unique approaches to compositions.

РОЛЬ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В ПРАКТИЦІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В СФЕРІ ТУРИЗМУ

The relevance of the topic under study lies in the fact that in the current economic environment, for the effective management of an enterprise in the tourism business and in the service sector in general, the task of actively implementing a system of digital technological support and digital transformation in the tourism business segment is a necessary component of optimal communication with the target audience. Thus, for each business entity in the tourism sector, including not only the main players in business programs and projects, but also taking into account a wide range of targeted partnership agreements for the organization and support of the tourism product, it is important to determine the role and importance of information technology in the practice of enterprise management, taking into account the conditions for the development strategy. The purpose of the article is to consider and formulate, on the example of tourism enterprises, the essence and importance of the role of information technology in their management practice. The object of the study is the system-forming factors for determining and formulating the role of information technology in the management practice of tourism enterprises. The subject of the study is a set of theoretical and methodological foundations for defining the essence and formulating the role of information technology in the management practice of tourism enterprises. The methods of observation and comparison, synthesis and analysis, statistical methods, as well as graphical techniques were used in the course of the research. The article summarizes the arguments about the importance of the role of information technology in the management practice of tourism enterprises in the context of the crisis in the Ukrainian economy. The scientific theoretical, methodological, analytical and applied foundations of the essence and importance of information technologies at different stages of organization and functioning of the tourism business in modern economic conditions are systematized, taking into account periods of uncertainty and crisis in the Ukrainian economy. The results of the study can be useful for employees of the tourism sector, the service sector in general; researchers, teachers, students of higher education institutions, who study, in particular, the specialties "Tourism" and "Hotel and Restaurant Business".

ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МЕТОДОВ СТАТИСТИКИ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ТАКСОНОМИЧЕСКОГО И МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ РАННЕМЕЛОВЫХ БЕЛЕМНИТОВ СЕВЕРНОЙ СИБИРИ

The paper considers the application of statistical methods for assessing variations in the taxonomic diversity of belemnites using the example of the Early Cretaceous representatives of the family Cylindroteuthididae from northern Siberia. Global and regional factors influencing the biodiversity dynamics were taken into account. A composite curve of the biodiversity of Ryazanian–Valanginian belemnites in northern Siberia was constructed using the methods of rarefaction and extrapolation of data. Using graphic techniques, the influence of habitat conditions on the predominant morphology of belemnite rostra is shown. Based on indices of similarity and difference, an assessment of the pattern of changes in taxonomic diversity over time was made.

Graphical process safety techniques for strengthening safety and resilience in Austrian SMEs

Graphical process safety techniques for strengthening safety and resilience in Austrian SMEs

Graphical process safety techniques for strengthening safety and resilience in Austrian SMEs

Graphical process safety techniques for strengthening safety and resilience in Austrian SMEs

Translation strategies for rendering interjections from Dutch into Russian in translation of comics

The growing popularity of online communication, where participants increasingly convey their feelings and emotions using minimal characters, has significantly increased the role of interjections in modern language. This research is based on the translation into Russian of the comic book Het Amusement by the Flemish author Brecht Evens (translated by E. Tortsyna). In the comics, the use of interjections, alongside graphic techniques, plays an extremely important role. When rendering interjections, the translator relies primarily on the context. The translation strategy is connected with the search for a word or expression, which will preserve the semantic, stylistic and functional-communicative information contained in the original. The language of the comic book under study demonstrates the features of the southern variant of colloquial Dutch (tussentaal, ‘intermediate language’), first of all, at the level of interjections, which in the southern variant differ from the “northern” ones. The results of the study consist in a systematised review of the ways of rendering Dutch interjections into Russian, with an important role given to the functional-semantic characteristics of these lexical units. Both primary and secondary interjections are of particular interest when studying the problem of interjection translation, as in some cases, the internal form of a secondary interjection in the original does not coincide with the internal form of an interjection chosen by the translator. The omission of an interjection is also an interesting technique, where there is a redistribution of the expressive nuances of an original interjection among elements of the utterance in the translated text.

Improving business process management at a small agribusiness enterprise

The purpose of the work was to generalize approaches used in creating maps of business processes at agro-industrial complex enterprises and the possibility of structural-branch formation of a model in sequential visualization of stages and all types of work for the main and auxiliary types of production for these organizations. Methods included analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstract-logical and statistical methods, fundamentals of the scientific organization of labor by A.K. Gastev, E. Deming's decision-making methodology and T. Buzan's mind maps. Result and scope: the formation of a map of business processes by industry and in conjunction with all levels of management allows managers of small enterprises in the agro-industrial complex to strengthen control over the main and indirect problems, blocks of production and services, eliminate duplication in management and other operations, optimize linear-functional connections in the management structure. The use of operation modes with the creation of business cards based on achievements of management science and time management can and should be carried out on the job in the form of a continuous form of training. Scientific novelty concerned adaptation of methods and graphical techniques for working with goals, business processes, management solutions in small enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, where there is no position of a business process manager in the staff, but it is possible to use functional specialists and managers in their work to improve labor productivity and increase its efficiency by all categories of workers. Creation of a general model of business processes at an agro-industrial complex, linking all the necessary operations by industry into a single complex, creates a detailed layout of a software product for future developers of automated control systems and the introduction of digitalization, which can serve all processes in the enterprise continuously, efficiently and with better quality.

An Enhanced Graphical Authentication Scheme Using Multiple-Image Steganography

Most remote systems require user authentication to access resources. Text-based passwords are still widely used as a standard method of user authentication. Although conventional text-based passwords are rather hard to remember, users often write their passwords down in order to compromise security. One of the most complex challenges users may face is posting sensitive data on external data centers that are accessible to others and do not be controlled directly by users. Graphical user authentication methods have recently been proposed to verify the user identity. However, the fundamental limitation of a graphical password is that it must have a colorful and rich image to provide an adequate password space to maintain security, and when the user clicks and inputs a password between two possible grids, the fault tolerance is adjusted to avoid this situation. This paper proposes an enhanced graphical authentication scheme, which comprises benefits over both recognition and recall-based graphical techniques besides image steganography. The combination of graphical authentication and steganography technologies reduces the amount of sensitive data shared between users and service providers and improves the security of user accounts. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, peak signal-to-noise ratio and mean squared error parameters have been used.

О выборе областей с доминирующим типом зависимости при анализе данных производственного контроля

The formation of representative databases determines the interest in forecasting and managing the quality of metal based on data mining using special software products often based on regression analysis and not always taking into account the statistical nature of an object of study itself. This can lead to misinterpretation of the results or incomplete extracted information reducing the efficiency of statistical processing. Based on the analysis of the production database of the technology for producing 13G1S-U sheet steel, the authors evaluated the possibilities of multiple linear regression for predicting the quality of a steel sheet. The study shows that the type of distribution of the values of control parameters, the distribution nature of which was estimated based on the determination of the skewness and kurtosis coefficients, limits the regression forecast depth. Due to the great deviation of the predicted models from the experimental values in the right tail area of the distribution of the impact strength values, in this work, the authors developed the methods for separating data arrays and proposed criteria to compare the obtained results. To assess the accuracy of the results obtained, arrays with a deliberately asymmetric distribution were selected from the initial sample, against which the statistical characteristics were also compared. Based on the proposed techniques, the authors identified the dominant chemical elements that contribute to the difference in the distribution of the values of acceptance properties existing within the same standard technology. The study shows that the proposed separation method can be used as a variation of cognitive graphics techniques to identify areas with a dependence dominant type based on the correlation of skewness and kurtosis coefficients.

ПРОСТИЙ МЕТОД ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ВИСОКОЧАСТОТНОЇ ПОЗАСМУГОВОЇ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ РАДІОЧАСТОТНИХ ПІДСИЛЮВАЧІВ

Subject and Purpose. Methods for determining and ensuring the stability of radio frequency (RF) amplifiers have been progressing quite actively over the past decades. However, most of them are not convenient for practical use. Combining analytical and graphical techniques widely accepted at the moment requires a highly skillful user and licensed software. Also, a bad point is the lack of clear algorithms for increasing the out-of-band high-frequency stability of amplifiers, sending us to the procedure of successive approx- imations when an optimal solution for an individual scheme is sought. The present work seeks for a simple method that effectively increases the out-of-band high-frequency stability of RF amplifiers and improves the reliability of signal amplification systems, espe- cially those complex structures that incorporate low-frequency radio telescopes. Methods and Methodology. The parameters of the RF amplifiers and passive circuits are obtained by computer modeling upon the S-parameters given by the manufacturer. The amplifier stability is determined by the K-factor for stability. Results. A simple universal method has been developed to improve the out-of-band high-frequency stability of RF amplifiers. In this method, a stabilization RstabLstab circuit is connected to the amplifier in series with the load. An original procedure has been designed to calculate the stabilization circuit. Also, a metric has been proposed that evaluates the practical margins of the out-of-band high-frequency stability of RF amplifiers and makes it possible to compare them one to another. Finally, the proposed method offers freedom from the licensed software. Conclusions. The proposed method significantly increases the high-frequency stability of RF amplifiers beyond the operating fre- quency range and simplifies the technological requirements for the design. The employment of RF amplifiers is more available almost without compromising their performance in the operating frequency range. The method is simple and easy to apply.

Modified exponentiated inverted exponential distribution with applications to life time dataset

In this article, we have introduced a new probability distribution called Modified Exponentiated Inverted Exponential (MEIE) Distribution. The introduced model is right tailed increasing- decreasing hazard rate function. We have discussed some statistical properties like probability density function, cumulative distribution function, survival function and hazard rate function etc. Model parameters are estimated via Maximum Likelihood, Least Squares, and Cramer-Von Mises estimation techniques. To check the applicability a real data set is taken and the model validation is checked using different information criteria as well as using some graphical techniques. For model comparison we have considered some published probability model.

Innovative Expression in Graphic Design based on Animal Patterns in Huangmei Cross-stitch

Huangmei cross-stitch is a traditional handmade craft with great regional charm and cultural conservation. Extracting cultural elements for innovative design can not only improve its modern significance, but also promote its dissemination and development, so as to provide new development ideas for intangible cultural heritage in the new era. This paper makes an innovative visual exploration for Huangmei cross-stitch by means of innovative graphic expression, and strengthens pattern innovation, color innovation and expression innovation in the graphic design and creation of Huangmei cross-stitch. Through systematic analysis, a series of innovative expression designs based on animal patterns in Huangmei cross-stitch are completed in graphic design, so as to activate the vitality of intangible cultural heritage, improve the visibility of Huangmei cross-stitch in daily life, and make it go to life, the public and the future with graphic design techniques.

Interpretation of Subjects in Works of Visual Arts, through a Combination of Digital and Classical Media

Lithography is one of the emblematic graphic techniques discovered in the late 17th century to create large print runs. It is practically a prototype of modern color, offset printing. For this reason, it is one of the mandatory disciplines in higher education institutions that can afford the appropriate equipment. Three-dimensional computer graphics, on the other hand, is a technology that has only been available for use by a wider range of people since the last decade of the twentieth century. The combination of these two techniques for creating a visual product, although it sounds illogical, is the subject of this paper. In addition, the possibility of including and augmented reality (AR) to printed works created in this way will be considered.

COLOR IN THE TECHNIQUES OF PRINTED GRAPHICS

The article is devoted to the analysis of the artistic possibilities of color on the example of various graphic techniques. The widespread use of printed graphics nevertheless preserves a unique aesthetic basis and does not lose its individual style, which is directly related to the printing technique.
 It is emphasized that color-printed graphics, thanks to the use of color, stand out from other types of visual arts with their new, original means of expression, artistic possibilities, and artistic value.
 The potential possibilities of color in such techniques of printed graphics as linocut, xylography, monotype, “dry needle”, “etched stroke”, aquatint, and engraving on cardboard are considered. All of these techniques use the possibilities of color in their own way as a means of expressing a creative idea. Color can be used as an accent that focuses attention on essential elements and storylines of works of printed graphics, as well as having the main semantic load in the work.
 It has been found that although the color is subordinate to the drawing in color-printed graphics, it gives the composition greater expressiveness and expression, and therefore helps to convey the creative idea of the artist to the viewer. It has been proven that in each of the considered techniques of printed graphics, the artist uses color for a specific purpose because it allows for achieving one or another effect.

ГРАФІЧНА ОСВІТА ЯК ВАЖЛИВА СКЛАДОВА ТВОРЧОГО ПРОФЕСІОНАЛІЗМУ МИТЦЯ В АРХІТЕКТУРНО-ХУДОЖНІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ

The specific tasks of training the future acquirer of creative specialties necessitate the mastery of hands graphics, which contributes to the development of spatial thinking, creative and practical skills, and understanding the specifics of graphic work. All the variety of graphic techniques is the basis of the principles on which the technology of building any images is built, which emphasizes the relevance of research issues in this direction. Graphic education consists of training a student in related disciplines, such as Descriptive Geometry, the Art of Font, Drawing and Painting etc. At the basis of any kind of art is an individual artistic form. Graphics is one of the most effective ways of forming and improving creative skills and the quality of learning in a Higher Educational Institution, including the need for comprehensive development and increasing the individual level of graphic culture, which will allow to significantly expand the scope of practical activities in the future. In this study, the greatest attention is paid to the analysis of methodical approaches to the improvement trends in the teaching of certain important sections of the disciplines «Descriptive Geometry» and «The Art of Font», which allow future specialists to increase their individual competitiveness in modern market conditions. Graphic skill is an important component of our students’ creative professionalism in any kind of art. The purpose of the research is to find and determine effective methods of developing the creative abilities of graphic professional training of first-year students of creative specialties. Our research is related to the Scientific-research work «Improving the organization of the educational process using distance learning methods and the methodology of teaching graphic disciplines for students of construction and architecture-art specialties based on the competence approach», which is conducted at the Department of «Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (OSACEA) for many recent years.