Graphic Skills Research Articles

О создании учебно-методического комплекса для сопровождения графической подготовки студентов

The article aims to present the experience of the
 development of educational and methodical complex for accompanying
 graphic training of students of Perm national research
 Polytechnic University. In the heart of the development methodology
 are competence-based approach, the unification of subject
 training level in the GEF VPO and modular organization of educational
 process. A review of the scientific and pedagogical literature
 and analyzed the experience of the graphic training of students
 at the technical University. The structure of educational and methodical
 complex of discipline and justified a resource for the individual
 units of the complex.
 In modern conditions the quality of education is determined
 through the structure of relationships among elements of achievable
 learning outcomes as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, possessions.
 An important task of the teacher is to create learning environments,
 partially simulating actual professional activity of a graduate to obtain
 the planned curriculum learning outcomes. Need to reorganize all
 forms of learning, including lectures, practical classes, laboratory
 work, independent activities of the trainees and how the integration
 of individual learning outcomes, – research work of students.
 When designing tasks for independent work of students used
 the principle of individualization of learning. When performing
 tasks, it is possible to choose a student´s trajectory of project development,
 including the choice of level of complexity, technological
 implementation and presentation of the finished project.
 Control and diagnostic unit includes the materials developed
 for the assessment activities at different stages of the educational
 process. The description of the applied controls, and provides
 specific examples of assessment of learning outcomes.
 For effective organization level graphic training of students of
 the University have developed a "road map" methodological support
 of educational activity of students. It allows teachers to efficiently
 use the available educational resources of the educational-methodical
 complex. The experience methodological support to effectively implement
 the educational process in the graphic disciplines, to improve
 graphic skills and to build the students planned the substantive
 competence.

THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTED FACTORS ON ADOLESCENTS’ CHOICE OF GRAPHICS AS A CAREER

The Nigerian population of learners was still widely disadvantaged mostly due to the prevalence of poverty and, therefore, career choices were limited and governed by politics and strategies geared towards escaping the circle of growing economic retardation. Was the choice of graphics as a career path for young people also based mostly on the same or similar reasons? This study was aimed at determiningsome of the factors that influence adolescents' career choice with emphasis on graphics. Questionnaires were administered to 500 randomly selected students who met the selection criteria in southwestern Nigeria. The results showed that adolescents’ awareness of the graphics discipline as well as the possession of inherent graphic related skills proved significant in influencing why young people choose graphics as a career. Therefore, it was recommended that proper awareness creation/orientations should be conducted about graphics to aid or guide potential students/trainees’ choices. It was further recommended that the possession of graphics related skills in potential trainees should be considered during the admission processes into the discipline, although necessary skills may be developed by students during training.

From representation to construction: A study of graphic skills in students newly admitted to architecture and design courses

ABSTRACTWe present the results of an empirical study of a sample made up of 392 students newly admitted to the architecture, design and urban planning courses run by the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Our purpose is to explore the recognition and construction skills applied in geometric representation tasks, in order to assess possible differences between: (i) recognition and construction tasks; and (ii) tasks involving matching views to volume on the one hand and three-dimensional to two dimensional representations on the other. Our findings indicate that construction is harder than recognition, and, as far as the former is concerned, the path from orthogonal to axonometric representation is more difficult than the reverse. Gender and type of secondary schooling are significantly related to performance, with higher scores for male subjects and graduates from technologically oriented secondary schools than for female participants and graduates from non-technological schools respectively.

Conceptions of Atmospheric Carbon Budgets: Undergraduate Students' Perceptions of Mass Balance

ABSTRACT With recent U.S. government efforts to develop policy procedures for addressing climate change, public understanding of basic aspects of climate change is imperative in order for people to understand such policy. However, widespread misconceptions of basic atmospheric principles exist among the public. In this study, we document levels of misunderstanding that undergraduate students at a large U.S. research institution have with respect to atmospheric carbon budgets and factors that may account for variability in their understanding. Students enrolled in an introductory geology course (n = 947) completed a survey on atmospheric carbon budgets in two sequential semesters. Results indicated that most students did not have a basic understanding of mass-balance problems and that their misunderstanding varied according to gender and their interest in science but not according to factors, such as students' opinions of the seriousness of climate change. Students also tended to exhibit poor graphical interpretation skills when examining mass-balance graphs.

Características neuropsicológicas de niños con trastorno negativista desafiante [Neuropsychological characteristics in children with oppositional defiant disorder

There are few studies about the performance of cognitive functions in children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), this knowledge being relevant for the assessment and treatment of the disorder. The aim of this study was to identify the neuropsychological characteristics of 13 children with ODD, compared with 18 children with similar sociodemographic characteristics without ODD, all of them from 7 to 12 years old. We performed a descriptive-comparative, cross-sectional study, confirming the diagnostic criteria through a structured diagnostic interview. We applied the Child Neuropsychological Assessment battery to compare the neuropsychological characteristics of both groups. The children with ODD showed a poorer performance in graphic skills, linguistic comprehension, metalinguistic skills, conceptual skills, deferred verbal memory, verbal fluency, cognitive flexibility, and planning-organization. These characteristics are similar to those found in children with conduct disorder, indicating that children with these disorders share neuropsychological deficits that should be considered clinically.

The Research on Professional Design Software for the Creativity Promotion of Graphic Design

with the rapid development of computer and network, computer graphic design is widely used in various industries, and the demand graphic design skills in computer is higher and higher, particularly important in the quickly design and skilled operation of the computer software. This paper introduces the use of three professional software such as Photoshop, CorelDraw, Illustrator and their respective advantages and disadvantages, providing a more in-depth understanding of the designers, effectively shortening the learning time, having strong realistic meaning and reference value.

A Study of Creative Figure Image Design for Computer Aided Design

The teachers of this study applied the cross-school team teaching method with 5 fourth-grade students from the Project Design Curriculum provided by the Department of Commercial Design of a Technology University in Central Taiwan to teaching and learning of creative ideas through discussions of a cooperative learning team. The humorous metaphorical design method of using office supplies to replace heads of figures was adopted with integration of virtual personalities of various roles in the job field to mock humans hypocrisy and pretense. Hand drawing was combined with computer graphics skills to create a series of creative figure image designs, as references for the vendor to develop and manufacture creative products.

Switching among graphic patterns is governed by oscillatory coordination dynamics: implications for understanding handwriting

Revisiting an original idea by Hollerbach (1981), previous work has established that the production of graphic shapes, assumed to be the blueprint for handwriting, is governed by the dynamics of orthogonal non-linear coupled oscillators. Such dynamics determines few stable coordination patterns, giving rise to a limited set of preferred graphic shapes, namely, four lines and four ellipsoids independent of orientation. The present study investigates the rules of switching among such graphic coordination patterns. Seven participants were required to voluntarily switch within twelve pairs of shapes presented on a graphic tablet. In line with previous theoretical and experimental work on bimanual coordination, results corroborated our hypothesis that the relative stability of the produced coordination patterns determines the time needed for switching: the transition to a more stable pattern was shorter, and inversely. Moreover, switching between patterns with the same orientation but different eccentricities was faster than with a change in orientation. Nonetheless, the switching time covaried strictly with the change in relative phase effected by the transition between two shapes, whether this implied a change in eccentricity or in orientation. These findings suggest a new operational definition of what the (motor) units or strokes of handwriting are and shed a novel light on how coarticulation and recruitment of degrees of freedom may occur in graphic skills. They also yield some leads for understanding the acquisition and the neural underpinnings of handwriting.

Teaching 3D computer animation to illustrators: the instructor as translator and technical director.

An art instructor discusses the difficulties he's encountered teaching computer graphics skills to undergraduate art students. To help the students, he introduced an automated-rigging script for character animation.

La ciudad como aula digital: enseñando urbanismo y arquitectura mediante Mobile Learning y la realidad aumentada: un estudio de viabilidad y de caso

El objetivo principal en este artículo es evaluar como las nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación se incorporan en los procesos educativos, añadiendo motivación, agilidad y movilidad. Primero en un estudio de viabilidad en una materia de Arquitectura, donde se han definido las metodologías y recursos necesarios, para luego en un estudio de caso con estudiantes de Ingeniería de la Edificación de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, ensayar la mejora del rendimiento académico y las competencias informáticas en un entorno urbano usando el modelado virtual, la realidad aumentada y el mobile learning. En este segundo ensayo se ha definido un grupo experimental de estudiantes y los parámetros a evaluar por medio de cuestionarios, tales como el grado de satisfacción y la facilidad de uso de la tecnología empleada. Las conclusiones demuestran que estas tecnologías, con una tasa de usabilidad muy alta, incrementan el rendimiento académico, la rapidez y agilidad en la adquisición de conocimiento y amplían las competencias gráficas. L’objectiu principal d’aquest article és avaluar com les Tecnologies de la Informació i la Comunicació s’incorporen als processos educatius, afegint motivació, agilitat i mobilitat. Primer en un estudi de viabilitat en una matèria d’Arquitectura, on s’han definit les metodologies i els recursos necessaris per després, en un estudi de cas amb estudiants d’Enginyeria de l’Edificació de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, testejar la millora de rendiment acadèmic i les competències informàtiques en un entorn urbà utilitzant el modelat virtual, la realitat augmentada i el mobile learning. En aquest segon assaig s’ha definit un grup experimental d’estudiants i els paràmetres a avaluar per mitjà de qüestionaris, tals com el grau de satisfacció i la facilitat d’ús de la tecnologia utilitzada. Les conclusions demostren que aquestes tecnologies, amb una tassa d’usabilitat molt alta, incrementen el rendiment acadèmic, la rapidesa i agilitat en l’adquisició de coneixement i amplien les competències gràfiques. Our primary goal in this paper is to evaluate how the new Information Technology and Communication are incorporated into the educational processes, adding motivation, flexibility and mobility. We've first carried out an architectural feasibility study, where we have defined methodologies and resources, and then we've performed a case of study with students from Building Engineering of the Barcelona Tech University, where we've tested the academic performance and computer competences improvement in an urban environment. We've used for that virtual modeling, augmented reality and mobile learning technologies. In this second case, we have defined an experimental group of students and the parameters to be evaluated. Questionnaires were used to assess the degree of satisfaction and the ease of use of the technology. Our findings show that these technology, with a high usability rate, increase academic performance, and the speed and agility in the acquisition of knowledge, expanding student's graphical skills.

Review: Designing Pan-America: U.S. Architectural Visions for the Western Hemisphere by Robert Alexander Gonzalez

Robert Alexander Gonzalez. Designing Pan-America: U.S. Architectural Visions for the Western Hemisphere . Austin: University of Texas Press, 2011, 280 pp., 204 color and b/w illus. $65, ISBN 9780292723252 The notion of a unified, politically integrated, Western hemisphere, removed from the corruptions and agitations of the Old World, has haunted the American imagination since the early nineteenth century. Simultaneously an idealistic dream, a diplomatic tool, an ideological vehicle, and an economic engine, the Pan-American idea has, along with many other constructs, endured cyclical phases and weathered stale interpretations, waxing and waning along with the policy needs of its dominant enforcer, the United States. Occasionally a subject for historians of politics, international relations, and cultural diplomacy, it has served historians of art and architecture only rarely. Robert Alexander Gonzalez addresses this deficit by exploring what this protean notion has meant for architects and designers over the last 125 years. In four long chapters he moves through a quartet of case studies to invoke an array of practitioners, promoters, politicians, and businessmen, some of them almost entirely forgotten today, who sought to objectify Pan-Americanism for a larger public. The course of this odyssey uncovers a set of evolving visual conventions and familiar cliches, alongside some heterodox challenges that, all together, say something about the continuing contradictions hovering around this intercontinental “contract.” Gonzalez begins by considering what he calls “The Birth of Pan-American Architecture” at several of those …

The Relationship between Listening and Other Language Skills in International English Language Testing System

Listening comprehension is the primary channel of learning a language. Yet of the four dominant macro-skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing), it is often difficult and inaccessible for second and foreign language learners due to its implicit process. The secondary skill, speaking, proceeds listening cognitively. Aural/oral skills precede the graphic skills, such as reading and writing, as they form the circle of language learning process. However, despite the significant relationship with other language skills, listening comprehension is treated lightly in the applied linguistics research. Half of our daily conversation and three quarters of classroom interaction are virtually devoted to listening comprehension. To examine the relationship of listening skill with other language skills, the outcome of 1800 Iranian participants undertaking International English Language Testing System (IELTS) in Tehran indicates the close correlation between listening comprehension and the overall language proficiency.

Synthesis and Organocatalytic Applications of Imidazol(in)ium‐2‐thiocarboxylates (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 35/2011)

AbstractThe cover picture shows a cartoon rendition of 1,3‐dicyclohexylimidazolium 2‐thiocarboxylate as a shrimp with small, flexible claws and an unsymmetrical cap. Also depicted are the carboxylate and dithiocarboxylate adducts of other N‐heterocyclic “crabenes” bearing bulky mesityl or 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl substituents on their nitrogen atoms. NHC·COS zwitterions form a new class of betaines whose properties, including thermal stabilities determined by thermogravimetric analysis, are intermediate between those exhibited by the corresponding NHC·CO2 and NHC·CS2 inner salts. Details of their synthesis, properties, and organocatalytic applications are discussed in the article by L. Delaude et al. on p. 7083 ff. The graphical skills of Dr. François Nicks are acknowledged for this bestiary of chemical crustaceans.magnified image

Graphic image-making skills for literacy development

This paper reports a study that investigated relationships between language and graphic image-making skills. A quasi-experimental research design was used to test hypotheses related to writing, verbalising and graphic image-making skills of young children, and data were gathered from teachers to clarify results. The treatment consisted of graphic skills training activities taught by teachers within their regular classroom program. Results showed that whilst there were no significant differences between pre-test and post-test scores as a result of the treatment program, teachers reported perceptions of change in children’s graphic and verbal skills that they attributed to the impact of the graphic skills training activities.

Modularity and Hierarchical Organization of Action Programs in Children's Acquisition of Graphic Skills

The organization of actions is based on modules in memory as a result of practice, easing the demand of performing more complex actions. If this modularization occurs, the elements of the module must remain invariant in new tasks. To test this hypothesis, 35 children, age 10 yr., practiced a graphic criterion task on a digital tablet and completed a complex graphic task enclosing the previous one. Total movement and pause times to draw the figure indicated skill acquisition. A module was identified by the variability of relative timing, pause time, and sequencing. Total movement to perform the criterion task did not increase significantly when it was embedded in the more complex task. Modularity was evidenced by the stability of relative timing and pause time and sequencing. The spatial position of new elements did not perturb the module, so the grammar of action may still have been forming.

On the Study of Non-Engineering Students Applied Open Source for Learning Graphic Design Skills of Dynamic 3D Motocross Suspension Mechanism

The rapid establishment of current technology is dependent on the effective integration of interdisciplinary science. Hence the R & D persons with multiple domain skills are strongly required for most industries. Although, the skills training for students of Vocational-Technical College and general University cannot stratify with the above need for industry. Based on the fact of drawing is the common language of industry, the designer, manufacturer, or quality control and inspection personnel use the language to communicate to each other for solving operational problems. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to train non-engineering students can learn simple mechanical drawing skills and recognize drawings. The training includes using multimedia and 3D graphic technique to write a python (open source language) program for establishing a 3D interactive graphics of a motocross suspension mechanism. As results, the students can transform visual information of the topological structure of a suspension mechanism to the dynamic digital interactive graphic. The results also show this practical technical education and training can improve the ability of non-engineering students to meet the industrial requirements.

Study and Exploration on Computer Graphics Skills Competition of College Students

The essay produces some experience and lessons as to skills competition of college students of China universities. It points out that it is good not only for contestants and instructors but also for university. It takes lots of time and money to prepare for competitions. To obtain achievement, instructors and contesters should work hard and they should do much research work on how to improve skills of competition. The authors introduce some experience in details and regard it helpful to guide other skills contests. The experience and lessons has the value of promotion.

مستوى التفكير الإحصائي لدى طلبة كلية العلوم التربوية الجامعية التابعة لوكالة الغوث في ضوء بعض المتغيرات

This study aimed to investigate the degree of acquiring statistical thinking skills amongst students of the Faculty of Educational Sciences -UNRWA in the light of the variables: the student’s specialization in high school (scientific stream, literary stream), his or her grade in the statistics course in the faculty and his or her GPA. For the purpose of conducting the study, a statistical thinking test consisting of (40) multiple choice items has been designed. The test covered four skills or domains. The test was administered to a sample of (145) students of the class teacher specialization. The results showed that the degree of acquiring the statistical thinking skills amongst students was moderate. The results also showed that there were statistically significant differences between scientific and literary stream students as with regards to their descriptive statistical thinking, proportional statistical thinking and graphical statistical thinking in favor of the scientific stream students. Results also showed a positive statistically significant correlation between the student’s accumulative academic achievement in the faculty and their grades in statistics course and their accumulative grades on the descriptive, graphical skills and the whole test of statistical thinking.

The role of visualisation in learners' conceptual understanding of graphical functional relationships

This paper is based on a study which explored the conceptual understanding of Grade 11 mathematics learners of graphical functional relationships, in particular their understanding of the Cartesian plane, notation, symbols and graphical terminology. The National Curriculum Statement (NCS) for Grades 10–12 in mathematics stipulates functional relationships as a key learning outcome, emphasising a variety of graphical skills. The study highlights visualisation skills in graphical interpretation, and explores the relationship between the way graphs are presented and learners' understanding of graphs. Learners' understanding of graphical representations is analysed using the procedural-conceptual dichotomy. Grade 11 learners, who had engaged with graphical representations in Grade 10, were interviewed in two schools. This research indicated a strong tendency of these learners to use procedural knowledge to explain simple concepts and, further showed that the learners' visual understanding was weak and dependent on the diagrams that educators use in the classroom.

Programa de Enfermería sobre educación en salud dirigido a los y las adolescentes de Educación Diversificada Especial del Colegio Técnico Industrial de Calle Blancos

El siguiente artículo presenta la evolución y el efecto de un programa para el desarrollo integral de adolescentes con necesidades especiales. Cuyo propósito general fue el de desarrollar un programa de educación en salud para el enfoque integral de los y las adolescentes del tercer y cuarto ciclo de educación diversificada especial del Colegio Técnico Industrial de Calle Blancos, objetivo que se logro a través de un enfoque de investigación cualitativo, de tipo investigación-acción. En primer lugar se seleccionó a 35 participantes adolescentes de ambos sexos con edades entre los 13 y los 25 años con alguna necesidad especial; posteriormente, se realizó un diagnóstico de las principales necesidades educativas en temas de salud utilizando la observación no participante, un cuestionario y una entrevista semi-estructurada; posteriormente se implemento el programa y se evaluó el efecto del mismo sobre la población. De la fase diagnóstica se evidenció que hay desconocimiento en el manejo de conceptos, mitos de los temas de sexualidad, estilos de vida saludables, salud mental y discapacidad. De la implicación del programa se obtuvo una mejoría en el manejo de conceptos y mitos de los temas antes mencionados, además se evidenció que la técnica simbólicográfica es muy adecuada para esta población. Se concluye que la utilización de una metodología inclusiva y la utilización de una técnica que considera las necesidades especiales fue fundamental para el cumplimiento del objetivo.