Wine Research Articles

Air speed and plastic crate vent-holes for wine grape quality during postharvest dehydration: commercial and laboratory studies.

Airflow is an important issue to favor postharvest dehydration keeping wine grape quality. The aim of this experimental work was to analyze the grape quality during postharvest dehydration: (i) in a commercial facility ('fruttaia') by monitoring the efficiency of the ventilation system and (ii) at laboratory level, studying the influence of crate type and airflow direction. In the fruttaia, the airflow was provided by an air duct hanging from the ceiling, and by floor fans. A great gap in air speed from 0 up to 3.7 m s-1 was measured in different sectors of the fruttaia, leading to a different weight loss and grape quality in crates, depending on crate stack height and sector. At the laboratory level, two tunnels, with exhaust or supply fans, were used and four crate types with different percentages of vent-holes were adopted. A decrease of about 5% delayed the weight loss rate depending on the type of crate, and the exhaust fan guaranteed a faster dehydration. The results clarified the inefficiency of the commercial ventilation system in ensuring homogeneous grape weight loss in all crates. In addition, the exhaust fan guaranteed a more uniform air distribution around crates, and a slightly higher air speed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Novel approaches for a brix prediction model in Rondo wine grapes using a hyperspectral Camera: Comparison between destructive and Non-destructive sensing methods

Understanding the oenological parameters of wine grapes is of utmost importance for both the assessments of wine quality and the optimum harvest. Recent developments in remote-sensing technologies for predicting the oenological parameters of wine grapes in precision viticulture have focused only on nondestructive measurements. In this study, we developed an innovative and simple brix prediction model using Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) camera (HSC) combined with two machine learning approaches. Our findings clarified the most powerful wavelengths that have a strong influence on the brix. We compared the two machine learning approaches and performed another comparison of destructive and nondestructive brix prediction models. The explainable boosting machine (EBM) followed by support vector regression (SVR) model can generate more simple output to identify powerful wavelengths for brix prediction compared to the ridge regression model. The accuracy of the nondestructive brix prediction model was better than that of the destructive model in both machine learning approaches because of noise and climate factors varying with time in the outdoor environment. However, considering the shape, slope, and shifting factor of the reflectance curve of the outdoor berry samples, a significant improvement in accuracy was observed for brix estimation by the destructive method. Wavelengths between 705 and 745 nm could have had a strong influence on the brix in both the destructive and nondestructive measurements, but we observed a small shift from the smaller wavelengths to the larger wavelengths in the nondestructive measurement. Our results also revealed that wavelengths between 900 and 930 nm based on the shape factor also play an important role in the brix prediction after model enhancement.

Investigation of powdery & downy mildew segregation in Bogazkere hybrids of Turkish wine grape

Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator syn. Uncinula necator) and downy mildew (Plasmapora viticola) are the most harmful diseases to grapevine production in Turkey. The aim of this study was to generate hybrids between the susceptible Turkish wine grape variety ‘Bogazkere’ and powdery and downy mildew resistant microvine breeding lines and evaluate their resistance to these important diseases. Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) was used to determine the inheritance of powdery and downy mildew resistance and flower sex loci of the 36 F1 progeny plants obtained by cross-pollination at genotypic level. Based on the PCR results, phenotyping and leaf bioassay were performed to validate initial MAS for 11 and 9 representative progeny with four resistant and susceptible controls. As a result, two tall powdery and downy mildew-resistant vines, three powdery mildew-resistant microvines and two downy mildew-resistant microvines were obtained. The MAS results were also validated by leaf bioassays, which confirmed that resistance genes segregated to the F1 progeny are functional and provide resistance. To the best of our knowledge, this research provides the first photographic validation of the powdery and downy mildew resistance of the Turkish variety ‘Bogazkere’. Our findings could potentially provide the wine industry with a resistant wine grape cultivar and an addition to the wine grape germplasm, which could contribute to future breeding programs. Most importantly, the success of the resistance genes segregated into the candidate progeny could help significantly reduce the use of chemicals against grapevine pathogens.

Spur Pruning Leaving One Bud is an Interesting Viticultural Strategy to Control Bud Acrotony in Bolivian Vineyards

Bolivian viticulture is mostly found in the Central Valley of Tarija, which is characterised by a subtropical climate with high thermal oscillation in winter that results in low accumulation of chilling units. Such climatic conditions accentuate acrotony in vines, which affect budburst uniformity and, consequently, yield and bunch quality at harvest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different spur pruning strategies on the percentage of budburst and fertility of buds located in different nodal positions in both wine and table grape varieties growing in the Central Valley of Tarija. The results show that allocating spurs with fewer buds improved the budding of most of the distal buds studied. This was noted in both the wine and table grape cultivars, but mostly in the latter. Spur pruning leaving one bud improved the percentage of budburst and the fertility of the distal buds in Cabernet Sauvignon, Cardinal and Ribier, thereby preventing bud acrotony, compared to spur pruning leaving two buds. Spur pruning leaving two buds improved the budburst of latent buds in Cabernet Sauvignon. Therefore, to avoid acrotony patterns, viticulturists should perform pruning leaving one bud.

Winery on-site assessment of grapevine bunch rot: In pursuit of sustainable practices: Winery On-site Assessment of Grapevine Bunch Rot

Producer wineries are responsible for the processing of 75% of South Africa’s annual wine grape production. Characteristic to producer wineries is the processing of large volumes of wine grapes, thus incorporating enormous variability in grape quality, which include the presence of grapevine bunch rots. Grapevine bunch rots are detrimental to grape and wine quality. This review begins with the authors bringing background on the industrial situation at producer wineries. A section follows where the economic effect of rot infection on wine production is written about. Two principal reasons why rot infections are inevitably part of grape production are discussed. Challenges for producer wineries in terms of accurate rot assessment is set out. The last part of the review focusses on the quest for sustainable assessment of grapevine bunch rot infections under industrial conditions. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) could provide a sustainable option for objective assessment of rot infection on-site at producer wineries. However, even with the availability of plenty of spectroscopic methods, as well as demonstrated potential of IR spectroscopy for rapid assessment of grapevine bunch rot infections, these methods are yet to be applied routinely under industrial conditions.

Susceptibility of Grapevine Sucker and Green Shoot Wounds to Trunk Disease Pathogens

Grapevine trunk disease fungi infect vines through openings, primarily pruning wounds. The main objective of this study was to understand the role of sucker wounds and wounds made by the removal of green shoots from the stems of potted grapevines as potential points of infection for grapevine trunk disease pathogens. Six wine and four table grape vineyards of different ages were sampled in different production areas in the Western Cape grape region of South Africa. Isolations were made from 161 sucker wounds, and fungal pathogens were identified using morphology and DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, the translation elongation factor 1alpha or the partial β-tubulin gene. The results show that 62% of the sucker wounds were infected by trunk disease pathogens, including Diaporthe ampelina, Diplodia seriata, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium minimum, Eutypella microtheca, Cryptovalsa ampelina and Neofusicoccum australe. Diaporthe ampelina was the most common, followed by D. seriata and P. chlamydospora, in both the wine and table grape sucker wounds. Under glasshouse conditions, wounds made by the removal of young green shoots on one-year-old potted grapevine plants were inoculated with spore suspensions of D. ampelina, E. lata, N. parvum, P. minimum and P. chlamydospora. After four months, all the inoculated pathogens could be re-isolated. This study shows that grapevine sucker and green shoot wounds are susceptible to different grapevine trunk disease pathogens and may therefore play a role in the epidemiology of trunk diseases.

Applying Neural Networks in Wineinformatics with the New Computational Wine Wheel

Wineinformatics involves the application of data science techniques to wine-related datasets generated during the grape growing, wine production, and wine evaluation processes. Its aim is to extract valuable insights that can benefit wine producers, distributors, and consumers. This study highlights the potential of neural networks as the most effective black-box classification algorithm in wineinformatics for analyzing wine reviews processed by the Computational Wine Wheel (CWW). Additionally, the paper provides a detailed overview of the enhancements made to the CWW and presents a thorough comparison between the latest version and its predecessors. In comparison to the highest accuracy results obtained in the latest research work utilizing an elite Bordeaux dataset, which achieved approximately 75% accuracy for Robert Parker’s reviews and 78% accuracy for the Wine Spectator’s reviews, the combination of neural networks and CWW3.0 consistently yields improved performance. Specifically, this combination achieves an accuracy of 82% for Robert Parker’s reviews and 86% for the Wine Spectator’s reviews on the elite Bordeaux dataset as well as a newly created dataset that contains more than 10,000 wines. The adoption of machine learning algorithms for wine reviews helps researchers understand more about quality wines by analyzing the end product and deconstructing the sensory attributes of the wine; this process is similar to reverse engineering in the context of wine to study and improve the winemaking techniques employed.

Characterization of New Grapevine Varieties Cross-Bred from Monastrell, Authorized for Winemaking in the Warm Region of Murcia (South-Eastern Spain)

Crossbreeding programs allow the selection of new genotypes with better agronomic and oenological properties for the production of quality wine, and allow the development of a more sustainable form of viticulture. This paper describes the white genotype ‘Calblanque’, and the red genotypes ‘Calnegre’, ‘Gebas’ and ‘Myrtia’, the first wine grape varieties registered by the Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA) as commercial varieties after confirming the winemaking quality of their grapes in a semi-arid climate with high temperatures. These new varieties have recently been authorized for winemaking in the Region of Murcia. ‘Calblanque’, ‘Calnegre’ and ‘Gebas’ were obtained from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, and ‘Myrtia’ from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’. The red genotypes were selected for their phenolic quality—which was very superior to that of the parentals—and for their different harvest dates that allow a staggered harvest and their cultivation in different areas. ‘Calblanque’ was selected for its good balance of acidity and aromatic profile. The attributes of these new varieties could allow their better adaptation to the effects of climate change on grape and wine quality in warm areas.

The impact of climate change on the sustainability of wine production and the structure of its consumption in Czechia

Vine-growing for the production of wine constitutes one of the major areas of agriculture of Czechia, and in recent years it has been qualitatively improved. The purpose of this study is to express the effects of climate change on the structure of wine production and consumption in the Czech Republic in connection with the growing local popularity of white wine consumption. The current consumer preferences of wine consumers in the Czech Republic (characterized by the growing popularity of white wines) are not in line with the effects of future climate change associated with the assumption of growing vine varieties suitable for the production of red wines. The methodology of the following study is based especially on the evaluation of statistical data about vine growing and wine production of Czechia and a research investigation about consumers’ preferences in the consumption of wines in Czechia. The effect of long-term climate change in the region are likely to lead to an increase in growing areas, especially in favour of vine varieties suitable for the production of red or rosé wines. The harvest of wine grapes, the hectare yield of grapes and the production of wine in Czechia do not show a significant development trend in the long-term time series of 2000–2019. Thus, in the future, the development of viticulture in Czechia will be influenced mainly by the location of the planted area of vineyards or the development of consumer habits and preferences.

Metaviromic Characterization of Betaflexivirus Populations Associated with a Vitis cultivar Collection in South Africa.

South Africa is associated with a centuries-old viticultural industry, accompanied by a diverse range of wine and table grape cultivars and an extensive history of pervasive introductions of vine material and associated viruses. The Vitis D2 collection in Stellenbosch represents the most comprehensive collection of Vitis species, hybrids, and cultivars in South Africa. We collected leaf petiole material from 229 accessions from this collection. Our metaviromic analyses revealed a total of 406 complete/near complete genomes of various betaflexiviruses. Among these, we identified the presence of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus and grapevine viruses A, B, E, F, H (GVH), I (GVI), and M (GVM). Notably, this study marks the first report of GVH, GVI, and GVM in South Africa, which were confirmed via RT-PCR. This research significantly contributes to our understanding of viral diversity and introductions in South African viticulture and emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring and management of viral infections. Our findings lay the groundwork for strategies that mitigate the impact of viruses on South Africa's wine industry, which generates an annual revenue of approximately 500 million USD.

Destination-Centric Wine Exports: Offering Design Concepts and Sustainability

With more than 40% of produced wine crossing borders, wine represents a truly global beverage. Wine export serves as a sales lever, especially for producers where home wine consumption diminishes but the global wine business is highly competitive. The literature tells that in competitive market innovation, customer centrism, and increasing sustainability are key. Wine export offerings need to meet the customer’s desires in the targeted foreign destinations. German wine providers have to catch-up in regard to destination-specific preferences so they can offer adaptation or suffer a competitive disadvantage in sustainability positioning. The main aims of this study were to validate the importance of sustainability in wine import and to explore destination-specific preferences and potential sustainable offer designs on the basis of new, fungus-resistant grape (FRG) wines by an explorative, qualitative approach. Evaluating the key export markets for German wine, the study delved into a performance assessment on how German providers who are marked by small-scale structures and fragmentation are positioned in regard to the primary purchasing factors in global wine competition, in regard to sustainability, and how to overcome performance gaps by tailoring destination-specific export offerings. In order to close a lack of research on destination-oriented sustainable wine offer design and to provide orientation for practitioners, an empirical study tested wine export offerings in the form of four concepts with a strong emphasis on sustainability and FRGs. More than 100 wine experts in the five key countries for German wine exports served to explore country preferences for offer elements and perceived performance of German wine producers. The interviews revealed (a) that sustainability is a must for wine export sales; (b) that German wine producers limp in sustainability reputation; (c) the existence of country-specific preferences allowing exporters to tailor their offerings to the specific needs in their ambition to increase export performance; (d) that German wine producers can potentially claim sustainability on the basis of a fitting concept; (e) FRGs are potentially suited to reposition innovatively and sustainably; (f) a playful exploitation of stereotypes for German suppliers is risky; (g) that an offer concept on sustainability and “made in Germany” characteristics (design, technology, and reliability) is highly regarded potentially allowing to escape price cutting in their key export destinations.

Rapid headspace solid-phase microextraction sheets with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (SPMESH-DART-MS) of derivatized volatile phenols in grape juices and wines

Volatile phenols possess “smoky, spicy” aromas and are routinely measured in grapes, wines and other foodstuffs for quality control. Routine analyses of volatile phenols rely on gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but slow throughput of GC-MS can cause challenges during times of surge demand, i.e. following ‘smoke taint’ events involving forest fires near vineyards. Parallel extraction of headspace volatiles onto sorbent sheets (HS-SPMESH) followed by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) is a rapid alternative to conventional GC-MS approaches. However, HS-SPMESH extraction is poorly suited for lower volatility odorants, including volatile phenols. This work reports development and validation of an HS-SPMESH-DART-MS approach for five volatile phenols (4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguiacol, guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, and cresols). Prior to HS-SPMESH extraction, volatile phenols were acetylated to facilitate their extraction. A unique feature of this work was the use of d6-Ac2O as a derivatizing agent to overcome issues with isobaric interferences inherent to chromatography-free MS techniques. The use of alkaline conditions during derivatization resulted in cumulative measurement of both free and bound forms of volatile phenols. The validated HS-SPMESH-DART-MS method achieved a throughput of 24 samples in ∼60 min (including derivatization and extraction time) with low limits of detection (<1 μg L−1) and good repeatability (3–6% RSD) in grape and wine matrices. Validation experiments with smoke-tainted grape samples indicated good correlation between total (free + bound) volatile phenols measured by HS-SPMESH-DART-MS and a gold standard GC-MS method.

A 4‐week advance in the growing season in Napa Valley, California,USA

AbstractThe growing season start and duration, along with other temperature‐related measures of importance to premium wine grapes in Napa Valley, California have changed as climate over the western United States has warmed. The growing season start has varied from year to year with a standard deviation of about 3 weeks, but over the 1958–2016 record a linear fit to the time sequence shows it advanced by more than 4 weeks. Over the study period, advances in the growing season were strongly influenced by temperature increases beginning in the late 1960s with warm anomalies generally persisting through recent years. The date upon which the growing season accumulated 1400 growing degree‐days also shifted earlier by about 4 weeks. Other measures swung to a warmer status, including the mean temperature of the last 45 days of the growing season, which warmed by over 1.5°C. Warming days and especially warming nights contributed to the growing season advance as well as trends towards warmer expressions of other viticultural measures. Years with earlier and warmer growing seasons experienced a substantial reduction in the number of daily cool extremes, and an increase in daily warm extremes, including the number of days whose temperature reaches or exceeds 35°C.

Physicochemical changes in red wines from the São Francisco Valley (Brazil) after aged in a bottle

SummaryThe São Francisco Valley is an exponent region in biotechnology and viticulture, located in the Northeast of Brazil, with tropical cultivation of wine grapes, with more than one harvest a year. Furthermore, wine production in the caatinga biome is unique and has shown commercial potential. Studies related to the physicochemical characterization and stability of wines during aging in the bottle are essential to guarantee and maintain quality. The present study aims to evaluate changes in physicochemical and chromatic parameters of tropical red wines from the São Francisco Valley aging in bottle. Classical physicochemical analyses, profiles of groups of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and chromatic parameters were performed on all red wines from the São Francisco Valley Indication of Origin, with and without storage in oak barrels, and aged in bottles for 36 months. The study showed significant reductions in the levels of physicochemical parameters (acidity, total soluble solids, characterization of phenolic composition, antioxidant power) and color for wines that did not age in oak barrels. However, wines stored in oak barrels showed the highest stability. Thus, red wine storage in oak barrels, an oenological practice that increases quality, can be indicated for tropical red wines.

Boosting the performance of SOTA convolution-based networks with dimensionality reduction: An application on hyperspectral images of wine grape berries

Precision viticulture is an area that is very dependent on methods that allow for a sustainable assessment of grape maturity and, in this work, we apply two state-of-the-art (SOTA) convolution-based networks, namely InceptionTime and OmniScale 1D-CNN, to hyperspectral images of wine grape berries to estimate sugar content. Since attaining generalization capacity and processing the information in such high-dimensional data are the two biggest challenges to overcome in problems of this nature, we also study the impact of two dimensionality reduction techniques, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), on the models' performance. Both models underwent different tests with different vintages and varieties of wine grapes in the training/validation steps, as to form a true test to their generalization capacity. Our results show that both PCA and t-SNE succeed in improving the performance of these deep networks when an adequate number of components is chosen that minimizes the ratio between information loss and removing redundant features: additionally, both techniques significantly reduce computational cost, a very important trait when training deep learning models. Both models showed good generalization ability with very competitive results across different varieties and vintages even despite their significant differences in variability, which is an indicator that a relationship between spectras can be found that is reflected on sugar content values.

Impact of heat stress, water stress, and their combined effects on the metabolism and transcriptome of grape berries

Recurring heat and drought episodes present challenges to the sustainability of grape production worldwide. We investigated the impacts of heat and drought stress on transcriptomic and metabolic responses of berries from two wine grape varieties. Cabernet Sauvignon and Riesling grapevines were subjected to one of four treatments during early fruit ripening: (1) drought stress only, (2) heat stress only, (3) simultaneous drought and heat stress, (4) no drought or heat stress (control). Berry metabolites, especially organic acids, were analyzed, and time-course transcriptome analysis was performed on samples before, during, and after the stress episode. Both alone and in conjunction with water stress, heat stress had a much more significant impact on berry organic acid content, pH, and titratable acidity than water stress. This observation contrasts with previous reports for leaves, which responded more strongly to water stress, indicating that grape berries display a distinct, organ-specific response to environmental stresses. Consistent with the metabolic changes, the global transcriptomic analysis revealed that heat stress had a more significant impact on gene expression in grape berries than water stress in both varieties. The differentially expressed genes were those associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate cycle, mitochondrial electron transport and alternative respiration, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, carbohydrate allocation, ascorbate metabolism, and abiotic stress signaling pathways. Knowledge regarding how environmental stresses, alone and in combination, impact the berry metabolism of different grape varieties will form the basis for developing recommendations for climate change mitigation strategies and genetic improvement.

Effect of cold pressing and supercritical CO2 extraction assisted with pulsed electric fields pretreatment on grape seed oil yield, composition and antioxidant characteristics

The aim of this study was to valorize the oil fraction of grape wine pomace by improving oil yield and sustaining quality. Two “green” extraction methods were applied: supercritical CO2 (SC CO2) extraction, as well as pulsed electric fields (PEF) assisted SC CO2 extraction; and compared with conventional cold pressing. Optimal SC CO2 parameters supporting maximum yield and/or antioxidant capacity were (i) 35 MPa, 45 °C, and (ii) 50 MPa, 35 °C, both at 45 g CO2/min. Two PEF pretreatments at 5 kV/cm and 120 Hz during (i) 5 min and (ii) 1 min were applied. Cold pressing, despite the lower extraction yield (67.1 ± 0.2 g/kg), extracted significantly higher concentrations of tocochromanols, hydrophilic antioxidants and major fatty acid, linoleic acid. Both parameters of PEF pretreatments and SC CO2 extraction had a crucial role in increasing extraction yield (up to 81.8 ± 1.0 g/kg) and offering possibilities for more selective extractions, particularly of sterols and nonflavonoids (phenolic acids and trans-resveratrol) compared to cold pressing. The highest concentrations of these compounds were extracted with the longer PEF pretreatment followed by the extraction at 35 MPa and 45 °C, amounting up to 5347.0 ± 0.6 mg/kg and 1378 ± 6 mg/kg for sterols and nonflavonoids, respectively.

Colored Plastic Film Mulching Regulates Light Quality and Sucrose Metabolism in Wine Grape in an Arid Desert Oasis

Colored Plastic Film Mulching Regulates Light Quality and Sucrose Metabolism in Wine Grape in an Arid Desert Oasis

Grapevine Endophyte Endornavirus and Two New Endornaviruses Found Associated with Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in Idaho, USA.

Five virus genomes, ranging between 12.0 and 12.3 kb in length and identified as endornaviruses, were discovered through a high-throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis of the total RNA samples extracted from two wine grape cultivars collected in the State of Idaho. One was found in a declining Chardonnay vine and was determined to be a local isolate of grapevine endophyte endornavirus (GEEV), and four others represented two novel endornaviruses named grapevine endornavirus 1 (GEV1) and grapevine endornavirus 2 (GEV2). All three virus genomes span a large, single open reading frame encoding polyproteins with easily identifiable helicase (HEL) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) domains, while the GEV2 polyprotein also contains a glycosyltransferase domain. The GEV1 genome found in an asymptomatic Cabernet franc vine was related to, but distinct from, GEEV: the 5'-proximal, 4.7 kb segment of the GEV1 genome had a 72% identical nucleotide sequence to that of GEEV, while the rest of the genome displayed no significant similarity to the GEEV nucleotide sequence. Nevertheless, the amino acid sequence of the RdRP domain of GEV1 exhibited the closest affinity to the RdRP of GEEV. GEV2 was found in declining Chardonnay and asymptomatic Cabernet franc vines as three genetic variants exhibiting a 91.9-99.8% nucleotide sequence identity among each other; its RdRP had the closest affinity to the Shahe endorna-like virus 1 found in termites. In phylogenetic analyses, the RdRP and HEL domains of the GEV1 and GEV2 polyproteins were placed in two separate clades inside the large lineage of alphaendornaviruses, showing an affinity to GEEV and Phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus 1, respectively.

Comprehensive evaluation of nine grape varieties based on fundamental physical and chemical indicators, color and volatile compounds

BACKGROUND: In todays’ society, the rapid development of the wine industry and the improvement of peoples’ living standards make people pay more and more attention to wine grape quality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the wine grape varieties in Northeast Chinas’ grape growing regions for better wine grape quality, we evaluated the quality of different varieties of wine grapes. METHODS: The grape varieties ‘Hassan’ ‘Zuoshaner’ ‘Beibinghong’ ‘Zuoyouhong’ ‘Beta’ ‘Shuanghong’ ‘Zijingganlu’ ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Syrah’ were planted in the grape growing area of Jilin, Northeast China, were used as the subjects of this study. The grape berries were analyzed and tested for morphological indicators, basic physicochemical indicators, color, and phenolic and aromatic composition. RESULTS: According to lab results, ‘Hassan’ contained the highest amount of total phenolics; ‘Zuoyouhong’ had the highest solids and total sugar content; ‘Shuanghong’ had the most elevated total acid and anthocyanin content; ‘Zijngganlu’ had the highest tannin content and acid fixation ratio; Seventy-one volatile compounds were detected in nine grape varieties. CONCLUSIONS: Each of the nine grape varieties has a distinctive flavor, and because of this, grape processing products with regional flavors can be created. The same offer valuable data for future scientific grape resource collection, conservation, and exploitation.