Grammar School Research Articles

Pupils' Access to the Teaching of Vocational Subjects at Secondary Vocational Schools

The present article deals with a survey conducted among secondary vocational school pupils to find out what is causing a decline in interest in studying at secondary vocational schools among the pupils of selected primary schools in the Slovak Republic. The article evaluates the influences that can motivate students to choose a secondary vocational school and why they prefer to study at grammar schools. The result of the survey is the improvement in the student’s attitudes towards the subjects taught in secondary vocational schools while they are still in elementary school.

The Significance of preventive Activities in the Field of human traffick

Introduction: Slovakia is considered a country of origin for victims of human trafficking. The target destination for citizens of the Slovak Republic is mainly Western European countries. In the period from 2011 to 2014, 57% of IOM clients in Slovakia were assisted by victims of human trafficking in Great Britain. According to estimates, there are 30 to 40 million victims of human trafficking worldwide. Research aim and objectives: The aim of our research was to highlight the importance of preventive activities for young people in the field of human trafficking. The sub-goals were to determine the level of knowledge of secondary school and grammar school students in the Michalovce district from the points of view of completing preventive activities in the field of human trafficking, gender and type of school. Methods: To test the hypotheses, we used Pearson’s chisquare test of independence at a significance level of 0.05. Results: We discovered that differences in the level of knowledge exist among students who completed preventive activities and between men and women. No differences were found in the level of knowledge of human trafficking by school type. Conclusion: Our research shows the clear importance of carrying out preventive activities, which have their justification both in the area of prevention as well as in providing useful information and pitfalls that young people may face when traveling abroad for work.

CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT PRACTICES AND STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KENYA

This study investigated the impact of assessment methods used in internal evaluation on students’ achievement in English grammar in secondary schools in Kenya. This study was anchored on Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory. A pragmatic paradigm was adopted using exploratory sequential mixed methods. A quasi-experimental, pre-test, and post-test design was adopted. The target population comprised of all the form two students and teachers of English in Teso North Sub-County. Stratified and simple random sampling was used to select 10 schools. Simple random sampling was used to select 509 students. Purposive and simple random were used to select 10 teachers. Data was generated using an interview schedule, observation schedule, questionnaire, and English Grammar Achievement Tests. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed using the narrative analysis technique and presented through narration and direct quotes. Findings revealed that grammar was predominantly assessed through gap-filling as well as question and answer method. Assessing grammar through cloze test and composition writing had a more positive influence (M = 16.02; SD = 3.51) than where it was not used (M = 14.12; SD = 3.33). Pearson Correlation revealed that assessment had a statistically significant relationship of r = .643, n = 509, p = .006 with students’ achievement in English grammar. The study concluded that cloze tests and composition writing are effective methods of assessing English grammar. It was recommended that the Ministry of Education should in-service teachers on the importance of assessing English grammar through these methods. This study recommends that teachers should assess English grammar using cloze tests and composition writing.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Conveyance of feature gradation semantics in modern Turkish

The aim of the article is to study the Turkish adjective from the point of view of a complex and systematic description of the means that serve to indicate the semantics of feature gradation. Having analyzed the works of Ukrainian Turkologists and representatives of various grammar schools in Turkey and in European countries, which focus on the adjective, we determined that most of them study certain features of the adjective structure or functioning in modern Turkish. Besides, means of denoting the feature manifestation intensity, particularly those having diminutive semantics, especially word-forming affixes that realize this meaning, also became the subject of the scientists’ research. At the same time, we did not record any work that deals with a holisticdescription of linguistic (grammatical, word-forming) means as a system that serves to denote the semantics of feature gradation, which determines the relevance of our research. In the present work, we set the task to carry out such a systematic description of these means and determine the features of their interaction within this system. Along with this, the paper discusses the general problems of qualification of the adjective as part of speech in the Turkish language and differentiation of its lexical and semantic classes. Within the framework of the study, we offer the description of the degrees of comparison of adjectives, the intensive adjective forms, the polyfunctional affix -ca/-ce, the word-forming affixes with diminutive and augmentative semantics as well as the pair words (lexical repetitions) and syntactic models of the implementation of feature gradation semantics. The methodological prerequisite of the study is the functional and semantic approach.

CONTENT ANALYSIS OF TEXTBOOKS

The paper presents the results of the content analysis of the teaching text. We analyzed two text samples selected from textbooks - "Biology 1 for grammar schools" (textbook 2) and "Biology for the 2nd year of grammar schools and the 6th year of grammar schools with an eight-year study" (textbook 1). Both of these textbooks are used in teaching subject Biology in Slovakia. When analyzing both teaching texts, we tried to find out whether the texts, in terms of content complexity, are processed appropriately for the 1st grade students at the gymnasium. As part of the content analysis, we focused on syntactic difficulty (Ts) and conceptual difficulty (Tp) and overall difficulty (T), for which we used the T measure (the innovative Nestlerová – Průcha – Pluskal measure). This measure was modified for the analysis of not only Czech, but also Slovak textbooks. Based on this measure, we came to the conclusion that textbook 1 is processed more demandingly and its degree of difficulty reached the value of 55.28 compared to textbook 2, which degree of difficulty reached the value of 52.10. In addition to the statistical difficulty of the text of both textbooks, we tried to analyze the text in terms of the occupation of individual topics, the basic and supplementary text and the overall visual and graphic processing of the textbooks.

Evaluating secondary school students’ science literacy with the Test of Scientific Literacy Skills (TOSLS)

As solutions to today’s global challenges, such as climate change and environmental protection, will increasingly depend on technological and scientific innovation, it is essential for Generation Z to gain a solid foundation in science. The Test of Scientific Literacy Skills (TOSLS) was used to assess the level of science literacy of students. This paper presents the results of the TOSLS testing of students aged 16-19 in several grammar schools in the Czech Republic in 2023 and compares them with the results of the TOSLS testing of students in the Slovak Republic in 2015. We found that Czech students in their final year of high school performed statistically significantly better on the TOSLS test in approximately two thirds of the items than Slovak students. For both groups of students, we observed good results in skills focused on evaluating scientific information, reading and interpreting graphical representations of data, and solving problems using quantitative skills, including basic statistical skills. On the contrary, the students had difficulty with skills related to understanding the elements of research design and their impact on scientific findings and understanding and interpreting basic statistical data.

Percepcija samoglasniških opozicij pri dijakih pomurskih srednjih šol

The article presents the reception and recognition of vowels. A survey in form of a perception test was conducted among the pupils of four high schools in the Pomurje region, i.e. Murska Sobota, Ljutomer and Lendava. The obtained results were analysed and compared with the research carried out among the students of Slavonic and Slovene studies (Tivadar 2004a). The study shows that pupils are not doing well at distinguishing vowel quality, while the length of individual vowels hardly ever influences the distinction between the semantic properties of words. Of all subjects involved in the study, the pupils from the Lendava grammar school had most difficulties with vowel recognition, while it is also interesting to note that vowels were better recognised by female pupils (by as much as 17 %).

Physical activity and mental health in school-aged children: a prospective two-wave study during the easing of the COVID-19 restrictions

BackgroundBecause physical activity (PA) has many benefits for children’s and adolescents’ mental health, it has been suggested that PA may be an effective strategy to physically and mentally recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. This study tested the reciprocal relationship between PA and mental health during the easing of COVID-19 restrictions. It was hypothesized that mental health during the pandemic would determine how much children and adolescents re-engage in PA after easing the restrictions. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that PA engagement would predict mental health improvement after the pandemic.MethodsThis was a prospective study with two measurement occasions. Pretest data collection was undertaken in February 2022, shortly before German authorities eased and lifted the COVID-19 restrictions. The follow-up (posttest) occurred six weeks later (April 2022). Both times, a sample of elementary and grammar school students aged 6 to 18 years (N = 170) reported their mental health problems and health-related quality of life. Mental health problems were assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and health-related quality of life was assessed with the KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire. PA was measured continuously during the study period using smart electronic devices with a built-in pedometer.ResultsPA gradually increased after the easing of COVID-19 restrictions (p < .001). This increase was unrelated to pretest mental health problems and health-related quality of life except for emotional symptoms (p = .041). Participants with higher emotional symptoms showed a sharper increase in PA towards the end of the study period. Furthermore, hyperactivity decreased (p = .004) and physical well-being (p = .004), perceived autonomy (p < .001), and perceived quality of school environment (p = .008) improved from before to after the easing of restrictions, yet participants’ PA predicted none of these changes.ConclusionsThe adverse effects of COVID-19 containment on PA seem to alleviate after children and adolescents are allowed to return to schools. This is likely to be due to the school setting, which provides many different opportunities for formal and informal PA rather than students’ mental health. School-related PA programs should be part of children’s and adolescents’ recovery from the pandemic .

The Nahiw Disputes Between The Basra And Kufa Schools of Grammar About The Avamil of Maf'ūls and Munada

Nahiv ilmi öğrenilmeden bu dinî metinlerdeki mesajları doğru bir şekilde anlamak ve eksiksiz bir şekilde aktarmak mümkün değildir. Bunun için eskiden beri eğitim müesseselerinde alet ilmi olarak nitelendirilen nahiv ilmi dersleri öncelikle verilmiş olup söz konusu ilmin kurallarına vakıf olunduktan sonra, amaç olan diğer İslamî ilimlerin dersleri verilmeye başlanmıştır. Nahiv ilmi, kelimelerin i‘rab hallerini inceleyen önemli bir ilimdir. Kişi, bu ilim vasıtasıyla cümle içerisinde bulunan kelimelerin hangi i‘rab konumuna sahip olduğunu bilmekte ve dolayısıyla fail, mef‘ûl, temyiz vb. ögelerin anlamlarını kavramakta ve eksiksiz bir şekilde aktarmaktadır. Nahiv âlimleri, nahiv ilminin konusu olan i‘rab olgusunu mülahaza etmişler ve bu olgunun, cümlenin bazı cüzlerinin bazı cüzlerine tesir etmesi neticesinde meydana geldiğini ifade etmişlerdir. Onlar tesir eden kelimeyi amil, müteessir olan kelimeyi ma‘mûl ve meydana gelen i‘rab olgusunu da amel kavramlarıyla ifade etmişlerdir. Nahiv ilminin konularına baktığımızda onun, genel olarak merfû‘ât, mansûbât ve mecrûrât olarak üç bölüme ayrıldığını, her üç bölümde de farklı durumları ve birbiriyle olan münasebetleri sebebiyle müstakil bir şekilde ele alınıp tahlil (çözümleme) ve mukayeseye ihtiyaç duyan öğeler bulunduğunu görüyoruz. Bu çalışmada mansûbât bölümünün aslını teşkil eden mef‘ûller ve bu öğeyle yakın münasebet içinde olan münâdâ öğesinin amili konusunda Basra ve Kûfe nahiv ekolleri arasında cereyan eden ihtilaflar ele alınıp tahlil etmeye ve sonrasında bu iki ekolün konu hakkındaki görüşleri arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya koymak suretiyle bir karşılaştırma yapmaya çalışılmıştır.

Positive Education at Geelong Grammar School

Positive Education equips students with the skills and mindset to lead fulfilling lives, navigate challenges, and contribute positively to society.

The effects of online learning about the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases in the first grade of grammar school during the COVID-19 pandemic

The aim of this paper was to examine the effects of the application of online material on the Br?nsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases on the active construction of knowledge in first-grade grammar school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online material was designed to enable students: a) to learn the teaching material in smaller parts; b) to assess the acquired knowledge after each part of the teaching material; c) to progress through the lesson at their own pace; d) to visualise and interrelate the macroscopic, submicroscopic and symbolic representations of the contents about acids and bases by using a video recording and illustrations; e) to re-examine the accuracy of the given answers. The research sample consisted of 122 first-grade grammar school students, who learnt about the Br?nsted?Lowry theory for the first time. The instruments used in this research study were two tests (a pre-test and a post-test), the validity of which was examined by two university professors and two grammar school chemistry teachers. The applied approach enabled the active construction of knowledge in the majority of students, while it provided the teachers with an insight into the progress and outcomes of the process.

The Influence of Sheng’ Word Formation in the Learning of Kiswahili Grammar in Public Secondary Schools in Uasin Gishu County- Kenya

The Influence of Sheng’ Word Formation in the Learning of Kiswahili Grammar in Public Secondary Schools in Uasin Gishu County- Kenya

«Филологическое обозрение». Судьба первого специализированного научного периодического издания по античному миру дореволюционной России

This article is devoted to an overview of the fate of the first specialized scientific magazine on the ancient world of pre-revolutionary Russia. “Philological Survey”, created by the efforts of private individuals, the teacher of the 3rd Moscow grammar school A.V. Adolf and the teacher of the 1st Moscow grammar school V.G. Appelrot interested in the development of science, was published from 1891 to 1902 for eleven years, during which 21 issues were published. In the second half of the 19th century in the scientific community, the need for the existence of such a press organ has long been the necessity, and its creation has become an important and significant event for science. The leading domestic experts in ancient history and classical philology of that time published their works on its pages, discussions were held, translations and original texts of ancient authors were printed there. Moreover, many major antique scholars helped with the maintenance of certain subsections of the journal free of charge. From the very beginning of its work, the editorial staff experienced great financial difficulties, which mostly the staff took on itself. Financial reports show that already in the first years of the publication of the “Philological Survey”, there was a large budget deficit. The reason for this, we believe, is the highly specialized nature of the publication, devoted to scientists, teachers and teachers of ancient history and classical philology, which in this period of time in pre-revolutionary Russia were still not enough to provide the magazine with a marketability that could cover the costs of the publication. The state provided the Philological Survey with financial support in the form of annual subsidies, since the Ministry of Public Education understood the importance of the Philological Survey for the development of science. Such an assessment, made by the scientific committee of the Ministry, was recorded in archival documents and is beyond doubt. However, this support was not enough. The budget deficit continued to increase steadily from year to year. For this reason, and due to the deteriorating health of both editors, the magazine had to be closed. Nevertheless, it played an important role in the development of Russian antiquities.

Výchovná zložka v učebnici Júliusa Špaňára „Latinčina pre gymnáziá“

The present study deals with the educational component in the textbook Latin for Grammar Schools by the classical philologist Julius Špaňár. Since the textbook was written during the communist period, the main research question was to find out whether the textbook is aimed at forming pupils' consciousness based on a Marxist-Leninist worldview or whether it reflects the values of Greco-Roman antiquity. The research dealt with the translation sentences of the textbook and the analysis of their content. The results of the analysis showed what values and themes are presented in the textbook and what sources of inspiration the author drew on. The research provides important insights for a better understanding of the Latin for Grammar Schools textbook and its educational function.

DOPRINOS KNjIŽEVNIH TEKSTOVA OSTVARIVANjU EMOCIONALNO-AFEKTIVNIH CILjEVA NASTAVE NEMAČKOG JEZIKA

The subject of this paper is to examine the contributions of using literary texts to achieve emotional-affective goals in the process of teaching and learning the German language as a foreign language. The research was conducted among final-year students of the First Kragujevac Grammar School with the aim of examining their previous experiences and attitudes towards reading literature in a foreign language. The data were collected using the group discussion technique. The results show that the use of literature in the teaching of the German language is extremely low, but its implementation in teaching plays a significant role in fostering positive attitudes towards reading in a foreign language and contributes to individual student development, the freer expression of emotions in the classroom, the development of critical thinking, and increased motivation for language learning.

Impact of Questioning Strategies on Reading Comprehension of Pakistani O-Level Students

Introduction: This research investigates the impact of questioning strategies on the reading comprehension skills of Pakistani O-Level students. The study employed a true experimental research design, dividing 30 students from FFC Grammar School and College, Goth Machi, Sadiqabad, into Control and Experimental groups based on age and capability. Methodology: Random sampling formed the Control and Experimental groups, with both undergoing pre and post-tests to assess reading comprehension levels. While the Control group received traditional teaching methods, the Experimental group received treatment involving diverse questioning techniques during reading activities. Results/Findings: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences favoring the Experimental group. The implementation of varied questioning techniques led to improved comprehension of complex texts among students in this group. Future Direction: This study underscores the efficacy of well-planned questioning approaches in enhancing reading comprehension. Further research could delve deeper into refining and optimizing these strategies to foster even better academic outcomes for O-level students in Pakistan.

Interpretace archeologických obsahů na příkladu edukačního projektu Epidemie– Pandemie–Archeologie v Západočeském muzeu v Plzni

Archaeology is perceived as an interdisciplinary field, and collaboration with other scientific disciplines is natural. The cooperation between archaeology and pedagogy and didactics is becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of revising educational programs and emphasizing inquiry-based learning and object-based education. The new direction of education focuses on informal learning and collaboration with memory institutions such as museums, which serve as alternative educational venues. The programs of the Museum of Western Bohemia in Pilsen can also be considered an important part of education and the dissemination of information about archaeology and history to the public. The educational program “Epidemics-Pandemics-Archaeology” at the Museum of Western Bohemia in Pilsen developed, between 2021–2022, is an interdisciplinary project that connects archaeology, paleopathology, and pedagogy. The project responds to the current topic of pandemics and is linked to archaeological research conducted in Pilsen, particularly in the museum’s branch buildings. The goal of the program is to present epidemics in a broader historical framework from prehistory to the present, using archaeological finds as examples, and to present their historical and cultural context in an understandable manner while enabling active participation and interaction for the participants. In the dissemination of information from archaeology to the public, museum pedagogy plays a crucial role, working in an authentic environment, providing the presence of original artifacts, and offering didactic tools for effective education. The target audience of the program includes primary and secondary school students and students in multi-year grammar schools.

A comparative study of public and working folks grammar schools in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in light of the national professional standards for teachers at secondary level

The main objective of this study is to review and compare the awareness and teaching practices of Public and Working Folks Grammar School (later WFGS) teachers in the light of National Professional Standards (later NPST). The study population consisted of all female Secondary School Teachers (later SST) of Peshawar, Nowshera, Charsadda, and Mardan districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This is a quantitative research study. A sample size was limited to 200 SST by using the random sampling technique. The study is delimited to three standards, i.e., subject matter knowledge, planning, instructional strategies, and assessment. The percentages, frequencies, and sample t-tests are used for data analysis. The findings reveal that more than 50% of the SSTs in both types of schools are aware of NPST, but the number is higher in WFGS compared to public schools. The teachers perceived that these standards have a significant role in developing professionalism. Based on the evaluation of data and the existing teaching practices, raising awareness among the teachers about the importance and practical implementation of NPST is obligatory. It is highly recommended that proper training programs and workshops should be conducted to train the teachers according to NPST.

Using Mathematical Models in Secondary Grammar Schools

On February 11, 2021, I gave a motivational lecture at the Tamás Esze High School in Mátészalka, and I completed a series of test tasks with the students. In this article, I looked for an answer to how students who are about to graduate approach to solving math problems. The main objective was to investigate whether they prefer to solve purely mathematical or application-oriented tasks, and in which one they achieve better results. In this paper, I analyze the results obtained.

Muhāwālātu Tākwini Māhārāti ān-Nāhwiyyāh Bii Tāthbiqi Tā’limi ān-Nāhwi āl-Qāim ‘Alā Mādzhābi āl-Kufāh Fii Mā’hādi ‘Adnān āl-Chārish Bojonegoro

This grammar study aims to provide students with the necessary tools to read Arabic books. Learning grammar starts with easy-to-understand material. The Grammar book is generally used as primary materials, and the goal is to obtain the appropriate tools for understanding and mastering the Arabic language. Teaching grammar also attempts to overcome many problems, such as students’ boredom or difficulties they face in understanding the material. Although there are differences within the grammar school, Islamic educational institutions tend to focus on presenting grammatical materials according to popular texts. However, the differences in grammar schools can enrich thinking about grammar and Arabic sciences. This research will explore the effects of the Kufic grammar method in improving the grammar skills of beginners at the Adnan Al-Haris Institute. This research will collect data from 82 students of Islamic boarding schools in Adnan Al-Haris Institute, and will consider the impact of grammar teaching on students' grammatical skills. In this discussion, the grammar pattern of Kufa in Adnan Al-Haris Islamic Boarding School will be explained. In this research, the researcher chose the appropriate type of method and approach. This types of research is Library Research, this research consists of introduction, research methodology, results until conclusion, the Participant in this research is santri in Adnan Alcharis Boarding School and this is designed by qualitative research. The research uses the qualitative research method or the desk research method. In conclusion, teaching grammar according to the Kufa doctrine can improve grammatical skill. Future research is hoped to develop grammatical skills using the other type of Madzhab in Nahwu.