Governance Procedures Research Articles

Government of Batam City's Strategy in Implementing SEZ Policy

Regional autonomy, FTZ, KEK, institutional dualism, and special autonomy One of Indonesia's cities with the quickest growth is Batam. The Batam Authority, now known as BP Batam, constructed Batam Island in the 1970s, and it has since grown and gained a number of economic advantages. The issues Batam City is currently experiencing have existed since Batam implemented regional autonomy. An institutional dualism with the BCG, which had existed since the 1970s, evolved as a result of the BCG's arrival in 2000. The BCG served as the regional autonomy's executor and had a very strong legal and political standing. This study's goal is to acquire a general understanding of the difficulties that the City is now facing. One essential role of regional governments in the planning of regional development is their capacity to manage and implement regional development projects. because the success of the process of managing government and development operations in the region is dependent on the regional government. In Manatuto District, the community, village, village council, sub-district, and regional stakeholders are involved at the beginning of the regional development planning process. The community was unhappy when it looked at the central government's procedure for approving regional planning papers because it found that it was not based on the planning documents that were submitted to the central government. This study's objectives were to: a) Describe and examine the function of local government as an entrepreneur, coordinator, facilitator.

Governing as valuing: Assetization and the making of the Norwegian oil fund

Recent scholarship has highlighted ‘assetization’ as an increasingly prevalent process in which valuation practices from financial economics are imposed on new aspects of society. This paper analyses the establishment of the Norwegian ‘oil fund’ – currently the world’s largest sovereign wealth fund – as the outcome of such a process. It traces the shift in the Norwegian government’s valuation arrangements from valuing oil as ‘activity’ in the 1970s towards valuing oil as a ‘national asset’ from the mid-1980s, and shows how this shift happened through close exchanges between economic expertise and governmental procedures. The paper contributes to understanding assetization as a mode of governing by showing both how it happens through governmental tools and practices and how it can have direct material consequences. In the case of Norwegian oil, the introduction of new tools of valuation made the Norwegian government manage the oil resource in a new way, and led to a re-timing of the pace of its extraction. The outcome was speeding up the conversion of oil into financial holdings, and the establishment of the ‘oil fund’ as a new infrastructure for handling oil as a national asset.

Los cibercafés como instancias de acceso público a la información y coadyuvante en el cierre de la brecha digital en Morelos, México

This article presents the results of a research aimed at diagnosing the digital divide among users of cybercafes in Morelos (Mexico) in terms of access to Internet services (determinants) as well as the identification and management of information. For this purpose, a survey was designed and applied to 116 informants in 14 municipalities of Morelos. Results indicate that cybercafes function as access points to information, technological devices, and Internet navigation, thus reducing the digital divide, particularly in rural areas. It was also found that cybercafes allow users to access several services, users attend to obtain printing services, carry out governmental procedures and information searches, which would not be possible without the existence of cybercafes.

Love, Politics, and Public/Private Porosity

This article examines the political and theoretical life of Jane Addams and the women of Hull House, who gave rise to a constellation of new subjects and practices in nineteenth-century Chicago. In particular, the article highlights the importance of women’s relations in the settlement in Halsted Street, which were a fundamental part of the group’s political practice and reflection on democracy, society, and justice: on the one hand, they reconfigured the traditional dichotomy between private and public space, revealing its inherent porosity; on the other, relations of proximity, friendship, and love proved to be transformative forces and an embodied practice of justice that escaped the dynamics of the dual subject/object relationship, becoming an element of social change. Love, considered in the triple sense of romantic and intimate love, affectionate and cooperative love, and love of Humanity, turned out to be a political element that could redefine the norms and spaces of social action for Victorian women. Moreover, it extended the sphere of democracy beyond governmental procedures and institutions and transformed it into a life practice based on acting in concert and being together.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Governmental Policies on Rehabilitation Services and Physical Medicine in Jordan: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Although the COVID-19 pandemic led to a series of governmental policies and regulations around the world, the effect of these policies on access to and provision of rehabilitation services has not been examined, especially in low and middle- income countries. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of governmental policies and procedures on the number of patients who accessed rehabilitation services in the public sector in Jordan during the pandemic and to examine the combined effect of sociodemographic factors (age and gender) and the governmental procedures on this number of patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on records of 32,503 patients who visited the rehabilitation center between January 2020 and February 2021. Interrupted time-series analysis was conducted with three periods and by age and gender. Results: The number of patients who visited the rehabilitation clinics decreased significantly between January 2020 and May 2020 due to government-imposed policies, then increased significantly until peaking in September 2020 (p = 0.0002). Thereafter, the number of patients decreased between October 2020 and February 2021 as a result of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.02). The numbers of male and female patients did not differ (p > 0.05). There were more patients aged 20 years and older attending rehabilitation clinics than younger patients during the first strict lock down and the following reduction of restriction procedures periods (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The COVID-19 public measures in Jordan reduced access to rehabilitation services. New approaches to building resilience and access to rehabilitation during public health emergencies are needed. A further examination of strategies and new approaches to building resilience and increasing access to rehabilitation during public health emergencies is warranted.

Impacts of reservoir operation and urbanization on flood inundation in the Vu Gia Thu Bon Basin, Vietnam

Abstract This study examines the effects of upstream reservoir operation and urbanization on flood inundation in the Vu Gia Thu Bon river basin. The alternative reservoir operation strategies corresponding to the flood storage capacity (Vpl) of 10, 20, and 30% of the active storage capacity (Vhi) are evaluated and compared with the prevailing inter-reservoir operation procedure in terms of inundation effects. The results reveal that increasing the Vpl from 10% to 30% of the Vhi reduces the flooded area by 11.8% and lowers the water level at downstream stations from 6% to 30%. The government's procedure is considered safe to supply water, but the inundation duration is longer, resulting in more damage than the scenario of Vpl=20%Vhi. Regarding urbanization, the expansion of newly urbanized areas has resulted in increased flooding in their surrounding areas, with an increase in flood depth of more than 3 m. Moreover, the new roads have reduced the capacity of flood drainage and caused severe flooding. The water level difference between the two sides of the road can be as high as 2 m. This research will assist managers in developing and implementing appropriate downstream flood control measures.

The role of administrative control in limiting the spread of the corona epidemic in Islamic law and health legislation in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Hashemite kingdom of Jordan

During the first trimester of 2020, the world exposed to unusual epidemiological situation that has had a negative impact and had disrupted ordinary life, which imposed on the competent authorities in addressing the epidemic by means of preventive and other treatment controls, as many government orders were issued that changed daily life, imposed closures and restriction of freedoms as: freedom of worship, reorganization of religious rites, in particular with regard to Hajj and Umrah. This study has concluded that the governmental procedures is required and essential in response to the pandemic. However, it was reflected on the individuals’ rights and freedoms. Also, it has concluded that the administration shall monitor the procedures issued thereby to response to the pandemic to prevent its assault on individuals’ rights and freedoms. As well as, the study recommended that these control procedures shall be limited in the epidemiological and health situation and not exceeded the limits of this Epidemiological circumstance

Location Analysis for Arabic COVID-19 Twitter Data Using Enhanced Dialect Identification Models

The recent surge of social media networks has provided a channel to gather and publish vital medical and health information. The focal role of these networks has become more prominent in periods of crisis, such as the recent pandemic of COVID-19. These social networks have been the leading platform for broadcasting health news updates, precaution instructions, and governmental procedures. They also provide an effective means for gathering public opinion and tracking breaking events and stories. To achieve location-based analysis for social media input, the location information of the users must be captured. Most of the time, this information is either missing or hidden. For some languages, such as Arabic, the users’ location can be predicted from their dialects. The Arabic language has many local dialects for most Arab countries. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have provided several approaches for dialect identification. The recent advanced language models using contextual-based word representations in the continuous domain, such as BERT models, have provided significant improvement for many NLP applications. In this work, we present our efforts to use BERT-based models to improve the dialect identification of Arabic text. We show the results of the developed models to recognize the source of the Arabic country, or the Arabic region, from Twitter data. Our results show 3.4% absolute enhancement in dialect identification accuracy on the regional level over the state-of-the-art result. When we excluded the Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) set, which is formal Arabic language, we achieved 3% absolute gain in accuracy between the three major Arabic dialects over the state-of-the-art level. Finally, we applied the developed models on a recently collected resource for COVID-19 Arabic tweets to recognize the source country from the users’ tweets. We achieved a weighted average accuracy of 97.36%, which proposes a tool to be used by policymakers to support country-level disaster-related activities.

Measuring The Likelihood of Unregistered Marriage (The Perspective of Siyasah Jinayah)

Unregistered marriage is not something uncommon in Indonesia, contrary to the promulgation of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage requiring the state to only recognize the validity of a registered marriage. Unregistered marriage often puts women as victims and this practice tends to contravene Islamic law. There have been cases where women always end up with an unclear status as wives, considering that wives are not entitled to both juridical rights and Islamic law rights to cancel a marriage, while a divorce is not often clearly declared against wives by husbands. Despite the impacts resulting from unregistered marriage, this practice remains obvious in society. The notion demanding the criminalization of unregistered marriages is rising, while this view is opposed by some since it is deemed to contravene religious provisions. Departing from this polemic, this research employed a normative method to find out the legal standing of the criminalization of unregistered marriage pursuant to Islamic law. The research discovers that unregistered marriage is likely to take place according to the criminal perspective of Islam, especially when it is linked to merit and drawbacks in the matter. Although the legal standing of unregistered marriage is acceptable, overlooking the procedures set by the government is deemed to be disobedience since this instruction from the government as ulil amri is considered ta’zir citizens have to obey. Thus, criminalizing unregistered marriage is not taken as a proscription in terms of marriage, but it is implemented to respond to the disobedience of the governmental procedures.

Compensating Educational Loss In Mathematical And Scientific Courses In Educational Institutions: A Forward-Looking Study On General Education In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Compensating educational loss in mathematics, physics and chemistry among educational institutions for the bachelor’s degree course students in kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a very significant issue to keep with the current developments in such fields. The present study is exploring a forward-looking perspective on general education in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia on basis of the proposed view. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has attempted patently to improve valuable educational curriculum through introducing a practical syllabus course which reaches the high level and the international scientific standard. This proposition attempts to reveal the essential reasons of the weak particular education system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and hence urging the official facets to create the most appropriate remedies to get rid of suck lack. So, this proposition is going to explore the contemporary tuitions and the essential needs of improvement as well as spots light on the influences of the feeble relations and the coordination among the distinctive planning establishments. Moreover, it unfolds the governmental procedures and delineations towards the current tutoring through investigating the five Development Plans, which explain the effects of independent preparing for economy and tutoring. The regular viewpoint on tutoring was found to be the most critical among the various reasons shut for the weakness of the tutoring and planning structure in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It held down the guidance structure in partition from social and financial new developments and denied its graduated class from effective interest in the progression pattern of the country. Thus, this proposition recommended a thorough and beneficial joining of the high level and ordinary models in the Kingdom. To achieve this careful and significant joining, a lot of colossal changes of mindsets and viewpoints are required from the methodology makers of the informative structure in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Furtherance to above, this research paper avers that the blended learning is integrated in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the education practice.

Agent-based models of administrative corruption: an overview

ABSTRACT Administrative corruption is a pervasive phenomenon that persists around the world regardless of the level of the country’s development. It has been approached by various modeling techniques evolving out of different backgrounds. The most recent technique used is agent-based modeling which possesses analytical tools that reflect the heterogeneity and complexity of societies. This facilitates understanding corruption as an emergent property of the society’s complex adaptive system. It provides more realistic and representative models that could be used by policy makers to build sound anti-corruption strategies. Hence, an overview of agent-based models that tackle administrative corruption has been presented in this article. The review revealed that this type of modeling is still evolving and provides a fertile field for further research, especially in regard to discovering the interdisciplinary mechanisms for corruption evolution. The article also suggests investigating some corruption-related topics using agent-based models such as: the complexity of the individual’s decision-making process about corruption based on socio-psychological behavioral factors, the role of social ties and norms in the corruption process, the effect of the introduction of whistleblowers to the administrative system and the effect of automating the administrative governmental procedures on corruption emergence and evolution.

Analysis Of Constraints Of Tourism Institutions An Applied Study Of A Sample Of Hotels And Motels In Erbil In 2020

The development of tourism institutions, especially hotels and motels in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, aims at the flow of revenues to the region, as well as providing job opportunities for youth in these institutions, especially for graduates of tourism departments in colleges and universities. But there are internal and external obstacles to the tourism institutions to achieve these goals. The research reached a number of conclusions, including:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hotels and motels depend mainly on the experience of the owner, which is a hindrance to the development of the hotel or motel, by (120.3). The political situation in the region is an obstacle to the number of hotel and motel guests, especially in the central and southern governorates, and by (129.47%). In addition, the investment process does not encourage the expansion and development of hotels, motels and tourist villages, and by (127.53%). Administrative and security obstacles negatively affected the number of hotel guests, motels and tourist villages by (136.7%). Raise taxes by the provincial government, negatively affected hotels, motels and tourist villages, and by (143.97%). al crisis in the region, negatively affected the activity of hotels, motels and tourist villages, and by (142.03%).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; The research reached a number of proposals, including: The responsibility of the Tourism Authority in the Kurdistan Region is to deal with the long administrative routine and the duplication of governmental procedures in government institutions, especially for private tourism establishments such as hotels, motels, tourist villages, restaurants, etc. ease the administrative and security obstacles to the flow of tourists and increase the duration of their stay in the Kurdistan Region. 3- work to reduce taxes on private tourism institutions, and achieve tax justice among these tourism institutions. The Tourism Authority shall have the necessary support and facilities for the private tourist institutions in order to increase tourism investments in the Kurdistan Region, especially in light of the current financial crisis.

Judicial Legislations and the Tribal Claims System in the Royal Period: A Documentary Study

The present research tackles a number of historical facts and incidents with a purely legal dimension in an important stage in the contemporary history of Iraq, especially the era of the British occupation. This resulted in innumerable social, political and legal problems, particularily the judicial legislation problems in Iraq. These legislations included a set of civil laws and in force governmental procedures that will be discussed historically by examining documents issued by the Ministries of Justice and Interior Affairs in the governments of monarchy for the period from 1921-to-1958. The data of the present paper relied on the Iraqi Library and Archives, (hence DKW). The study adopted the narrative historical methodology when investigating the judicial legislations in the royal era from 1921-to-1958. The scale adopted was the contemporary measurement and evaluation in the Iraqi contemporary history. Finally, the results revealed that the history of the penal procedures in the royal era was those multiple attempts to reconcile between the two types of penal procedures that represent the history of the relationship between the individual and the state. Such legislations were set according to the circumstances of each country and to the level of its intellectual, social, political and human development to serve primarily the interests of the British occupation, and fulfill the desires of the influential class in the royal era. Because these legislations and laws were not based on modern scientific theories, many people were wronged, including the judicial authority and legal clerks who complained from their implementation and their continual application on Iraq for all this period.

A Survey Analysis on Institutional Challenges in implementing Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects: A perspective from a developing economy of Ghana

There is an increasing demand for infrastructure projects all over the world. One important model adopted in providing them is Public –private partnership. To this end, this study aims at identifying the most influential factors as well as new factors that will serve as barriers against the adoption of PPP as a model in procurement of social projects in Technical Universities in Ghana. Using a survey questionnaire, appropriate data were obtained from Ghanaian Technical Universities. In all, a total of 152 questionnaires were collected from the participants. The research found that `lack of governmental guidelines and procedures’ was perceived as the most important factor with a mean score of 4.12. The remaining four factors in descending order include; ‘high risk relying on the public sector, high charge to direct users, very few scheme reach the contract stage and high participation cost. These are depicted with the following mean scores (4.10, 4.02, 4.01 and 3.99 respectively. The factors considered as neither most important nor least important include; less employment positions, lack of experience and appropriate skills, a great deal of management time spent on contract transactions and lengthy delays in negotiations. Interesting enough, the factors that are considered as least important include; excessive restrictions on participations for PPP with a mean score average of 3.67. Also, high project cost and political instability were also perceived as least important. This shows that these two factors were not seen as the same most important hindrances. The results shows that practitioner’s (public institutions and private investors) should consider these key factors as barriers to be address for adoption and implementation of a successful achievement of PPP projects.&#x0D; Citation: Mumuni Ishawu, Chen Guangyu, Emelia Darko Adzimah, Aliu Mohammed Aminu. A Survey Analysis on Institutional Challenges in implementing Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects: A perspective from a developing economy of Ghana, 2020; 5 (2): 24－35.&#x0D; Received: April 14, 2020 Accepted: June 30, 20

Urban Oligarchy and Dissolutioned Voters: The End of Monastic Rule in Reading, 1350-1600

ABSTRACTThe rise of urban oligarchy is debated by medievalists and early modernists alike, each attributing dramatically different time periods to the process. Existing scholarship centres on governmental philosophy and political procedures, yet officeholders did not operate in isolation from society and would have been influenced by those with whom they interacted on a daily basis. This article presents network evidence from fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Reading indicating that social interactions were not limited to other members of the civic elite. On the contrary, direct contact between top-level officeholders and lower-status inhabitants was at least as regular after the dissolution as before.

QUALITY CONTROL FOR CROWDSOURCING LARGE SCALE TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS

Abstract. Crowdsourcing is an emerging methodology for spatial data collection. This methodology has been used extensively to create small scale maps such as in OpenStreetMap. However, it has rarely been used in acquiring large scale, accurate engineering data. Expert-sourcing uses methods similar to crowdsourcing except that it collects information from experts and professionals. This article describes the development steps of novel expert-sourcing methodologies for updating the national geo-spatial database (cadastre and topography) in Israel. The input data for the process are building permit maps at a scale of 1 : 250 created by professionals. The first step in the process was the adaptation of a national standard for digital map contents, cartography and computer format. The second step was the development of the crowdsourcing system to get the maps from mapping professionals, assess them and verify that they meet the criteria. The two challenges in this step were to design an engaging User Experience (UX) that will not require training or a user manual and to develop automatic quality control tools. The third step was the creation of a data integration process to update the national database from the various sources. The system (aka TopoCad) provides a comprehensive set of tools to support the practice of obtaining information from all the surveyors and mapping experts in Israel. The system aggregates all the information of every mapping activity (geodesy, cadastre, construction permits, mapping and GIS) in a semi-automatic process. This novel platform improved governmental procedures and made services more efficient. In addition, this innovative tool improved the national databases by updating them with new data on an on-going basis.

Public Transparency in Brazil and the Open Government Partnership – OGP

&lt;p&gt;The present work presents some transformations that have occurred in Brazil in recent years in the public transparency aspect, mainly in view of the legal structure after the signing of the Open Government Partnership (OGP) treaty. In summary, it exposes beyond the legal apparatus, the growth of the portal of public transparency and the classification of the country regarding the opening of public information, theme of item 2 - Transparency and Open Government. Contemporary literature has addressed the potential of the Internet to broaden the possibilities of bringing together the State and society by providing information on legislative activities and governmental procedures, contributing to a greater possibility for citizens to know and make use of their rights and how to act more actively as a social actor. With the use of Information and Communication Technology, especially after the various legal aspects adopted by Brazil, this public participation has expanded and gained more relevance. Briefly, the opening of public information increases the level of confidence of the administrations and enables the wide inspection of citizens, legitimizing and strengthening the presence of the state and in accordance with constitutional principles.&lt;/p&gt;

A differential Game Related to Terrorism: Stackelberg Differential Game of E-differentiable and E-convex Function

In this work, the Stackelberg differential game of $E$-differentiable and $E$ convex function is studied in order to fight the terrorism taking into account the government's procedures such as education quality, better job opportunity, social justice, religious awareness and security arrangements. We consider Stackelberg differential game. Firstly, the government is the leader and the terrorist organization is the follower. Secondly, the terrorist organization is the leader and the government is a follower. Furthermore, we apply the necessary conditions of the Stackelberg differential game for these cases to obtain the optimal strategy of this problem.

The Dangerous Case of Psychiatrists Writing About the POTUS’s Mental Health

The Dangerous Case of Psychiatrists Writing About the POTUS’s Mental Health

EnGendering the State: Women's Work and Peru's 2012 Agrarian Census

AbstractThis paper analyzes rural women's work in the 2012 agrarian census in Ayacucho, Peru to demonstrate the effects of gendered labor on political subjectivities and processes of statecraft. Census work is an example of the temporary, low‐income jobs increasingly the mainstay of poor and landless women in semirural areas. Alongside short‐term jobs for NGOs or municipalities, however, such work provided its employees—in this case, low‐income, mestiza women—with channels for limited influence over local politics and development. At the same time, census work highlighted gendered attitudes toward the state and tensions over shifting patterns of gendered labor and political engagement. As both formal and illicit economies expand in Ayacucho, along with government interest in controlling the region, an analysis of the intersection of gendered labor trends and political attitudes provides a unique understanding of sovereignty and alterity that foregrounds local influence. Using the example of the census, I examine how women enacted governmental procedures through the limited, precarious work available to them, demonstrating both that the production of data used in policy is a negotiated process and that gendered relationships with the state reflect and are affected by local divisions of labor.