Task Of Government Research Articles

Effectiveness Of Peatland Restoration Implementation In Riau Province

The peat phenomenon that occurs in Riau Province negatively impacts the environmental conditions resulting from the management and utilization of peat ecosystem areas that are out of control and irresponsible. For example, forest fires and land that occurred have an impact of smoke haze that hit Riau and Sumatra region. This study aims to analyze the Effectiveness of Peat Restoration in Riau Province. This research is done by using qualitative method. The peatland restoration program that has been established in several districts in Riau Province is also influenced by several factors that influence the implementation process, including the following: (1) Conceptualization of Peatland Restoration Program. Since the restoration program has been rolled out, there are still many parties who do not understand what peatland restoration is. This caused inequality in the implementation of the restoration program. So far, the community considers restoration of peatlands to the extent of government tasks, and for local governments the restoration program is only a pilot project of the central government. In fact, it is wrong, therefore the conceptualization of this restoration must be clear and submitted continuously to the government apparatus, stakeholders and the community. (2) Implementing Institutional Preparedness The readiness of the implementing agency in this case is whether the institutions involved in this peat land restoration program are ready to implement with all the preparations in the form of activity designs, socialization to be performed, supporting funding, and how to respond to society. (3) The Encouragement of Good Local and Formal Figures at Provincial, District, District and Village Levels. In implementing peatland restoration programs, encouragement or support of parties other than those of the relevant official are indispensable, both formal and informal. The conclusions of this study indicate that overall government efforts to implement peat restoration have not been too effective. Some districts have successfully restored their peatlands but in some districts peat restoration has not been an important agenda in the formulation and implementation of policies in the district

Analysis of Criminal Responsibility Misuse of Administration Authority Viewed from Corruption Criminal Enforcement Aspect in Indonesia

In carrying out the tasks of government carried out by the government apparatus is essentially an emphasis on the function of government that is carried out. Based on the nature of the function of government (governmental power) as an active function in the sense of driving or controlling the life of the people and the state to realize the welfare of the people (welfare staat), and directed to the function of fostering and protecting the community, is the real reason for the role of government intervention in each sector social life, or in other words if it involves public interests, then there is also the implementation of government affairs which become the affairs and responsibilities of the government.

The non-linear effect of environmental regulation on haze pollution: Empirical evidence for 277 Chinese cities during 2002–2010

Numerous studies have examined the correlation between economic growth and air pollution, but few focuses on the nexus between environmental regulation and <2.5 μm (PM2.5) fine particle matter. Using Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) and Spatial Two-stage Least Squares (2SLS) methods to analyze 277 Chinese cities over the period 2002–2010, this paper finds inverted U-shaped relationships between PM2.5 concentration and formal/informal environmental regulations for the whole and eastern and western regions. By removing the depression year of 2008, regulation effect on pollution strengthened, indicating that the main task for local governments in crisis is to avoid GDP decline rather than official promotion. Further, green technological innovation and industrial structure optimization induced by environmental regulation is shown to be beneficial for haze pollution mitigation. Some policy recommendations are proposed in conclusion.

Balancing excellence and diversity in higher education? The role of the Chinese first-level discipline evaluation scheme

ABSTRACTBalancing excellence and diversity effectively in the higher education sector is one of the most challenging tasks for national governments. While a number of countries around the world have initiated university excellence schemes, it is more difficult to identify policy initiatives that also take into account how institutional diversity is to be enhanced simultaneously. By an in-depth analysis of the voluntary, and later mandatory, first-level discipline evaluation scheme in China from 2003 to 2016, the article discusses possible long-term impacts of this scheme both regarding excellence and diversity in the higher education landscape in the country. In conclusion, it is argued that decentralized decision-making within a centralized evaluation scheme is an interesting governance approach for trying to balance excellence and diversity in higher education. However, institutional diversity is not necessarily positively correlated to disciplinary diversity.

Research on the Reform of the National Supervision System in China: From the Perspective of the Supervision Committee Established by Constitutional Amendment

憲法是國家的根本大法，是對國家權力運行體制機制等重要問題的原則性、綱領性規定，而修改憲法更是一個國家政治生活中的一件大事，是對國家面臨國內外的重大變局或時代潮流的需要所進行的政治改革。2018年3月11日，中共當局通過1982年憲法的第五次修正案，設置國家級反貪腐機構──監察委員會，這是國家監察體制改革的頂層設計，對監察體制、政治權力及黨政關係的重大調整，把全面反腐向縱深推進，並為監察委員會的設立提供憲法根據。十九大後，習近平的權力達到空前的頂峰，在修憲時將「中國共產黨領導」寫入憲法條文，並刪除國家主席任期的限制，面對此一情勢，國家監察體制必須進行相應的改革，除了順應改革這一時勢的需求之外，更象徵在反貪腐調查方面的權力全面制度化。腐敗是當前中共當局所面臨的最大威脅，深化國家監察體制改革是十九大所提出的具體改革目標，由此可知，監察委員會在未來中國的政治結構中將扮演徵為重要的角色，足跡將遍及到黨和國家的各個方面，無怪乎有人說到，十七大後看政法委，十八大後看中紀委，十九大後看監察委。近年來，中共當局正極力推動全面依法治國，積極建構法治政府，不過，法治的精神，即不論想做什麼，一定要有充分的理由和根據，而依法治國的精神，更是強調監察委員會的一切所為，都應該依法行政，遵循法律規定的要求，因此，國家監察體制改革，既要關注權力的配置，更要關注權利的保障，監察委員除了注意廉政與反腐的任務之外，更是不能忽視人權的保障，而監察委員會的一舉一動，正是檢驗中共當局是否真正貫徹依法治國決心的試金石。 The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country and the principled and programmatic stipulation of the important issues such as the system and mechanism of the operation of state power. The amendment of the Constitution is a major event in the political life of a country and a political reform for the country facing major changes at home and abroad or the needs of the trend of the times. On March 11, 2018, through the Fifth Amendment of the 1982 Constitution, the Chinese Communist authorities set up a national anti-corruption body, the Supervisory Committee, which is the top-level design of the reform of the national supervisory system. It has made significant adjustments to the supervisory system, political power and the relationship between the Party and the government, pushed forward the comprehensive anti-corruption in depth, and set up the Supervisory Committee. Provide constitutional basis. After the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping's power reached an unprecedented peak. When amending the Constitution, he wrote “the leadership of the Communist Party of China” into the provisions of the Constitution and deleted the limitation of the term of office of the President of the State. Faced with this situation, the state supervision system must be reformed accordingly. In addition to meeting the needs of the current situation of reform, it is more symbolic of opposit The power of corruption investigation is fully institutionalized. Corruption is the greatest threat facing the current Chinese Communist authorities. Deepening the reform of the national supervision system is the specific reform goal proposed by the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. From this, we can see that the supervision committee will play an important role in the future political structure of China, and its footprint will cover all aspects of the Party and the country. In recent years, the Chinese Communist authorities are making great efforts to promote the rule of law in an all-round way and actively construct a government ruled by law. However, the spirit of the rule of law, that is, whatever you want to do, must have sufficient reasons and grounds. The spirit of the rule of law, in particular, emphasizes that all the actions of the Supervisory Committee should be administered according to law and abide by the requirements of the law. Therefore, in the reform of the national supervision system, attention should be paid not only to the allocation of power, but also to the protection of rights. In addition to the tasks of clean government and anti-corruption, the supervisors should not ignore the protection of human rights.

Research on the Reform of the National Supervision System in China: From the Perspective of the Supervision Committee Established by Constitutional Amendment

憲法是國家的根本大法，是對國家權力運行體制機制等重要問題的原則性、綱領性規定，而修改憲法更是一個國家政治生活中的一件大事，是對國家面臨國內外的重大變局或時代潮流的需要所進行的政治改革。2018年3月11日，中共當局通過1982年憲法的第五次修正案，設置國家級反貪腐機構──監察委員會，這是國家監察體制改革的頂層設計，對監察體制、政治權力及黨政關係的重大調整，把全面反腐向縱深推進，並為監察委員會的設立提供憲法根據。十九大後，習近平的權力達到空前的頂峰，在修憲時將「中國共產黨領導」寫入憲法條文，並刪除國家主席任期的限制，面對此一情勢，國家監察體制必須進行相應的改革，除了順應改革這一時勢的需求之外，更象徵在反貪腐調查方面的權力全面制度化。腐敗是當前中共當局所面臨的最大威脅，深化國家監察體制改革是十九大所提出的具體改革目標，由此可知，監察委員會在未來中國的政治結構中將扮演徵為重要的角色，足跡將遍及到黨和國家的各個方面，無怪乎有人說到，十七大後看政法委，十八大後看中紀委，十九大後看監察委。近年來，中共當局正極力推動全面依法治國，積極建構法治政府，不過，法治的精神，即不論想做什麼，一定要有充分的理由和根據，而依法治國的精神，更是強調監察委員會的一切所為，都應該依法行政，遵循法律規定的要求，因此，國家監察體制改革，既要關注權力的配置，更要關注權利的保障，監察委員除了注意廉政與反腐的任務之外，更是不能忽視人權的保障，而監察委員會的一舉一動，正是檢驗中共當局是否真正貫徹依法治國決心的試金石。 The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country and the principled and programmatic stipulation of the important issues such as the system and mechanism of the operation of state power. The amendment of the Constitution is a major event in the political life of a country and a political reform for the country facing major changes at home and abroad or the needs of the trend of the times. On March 11, 2018, through the Fifth Amendment of the 1982 Constitution, the Chinese Communist authorities set up a national anti-corruption body, the Supervisory Committee, which is the top-level design of the reform of the national supervisory system. It has made significant adjustments to the supervisory system, political power and the relationship between the Party and the government, pushed forward the comprehensive anti-corruption in depth, and set up the Supervisory Committee. Provide constitutional basis. After the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping's power reached an unprecedented peak. When amending the Constitution, he wrote “the leadership of the Communist Party of China” into the provisions of the Constitution and deleted the limitation of the term of office of the President of the State. Faced with this situation, the state supervision system must be reformed accordingly. In addition to meeting the needs of the current situation of reform, it is more symbolic of opposit The power of corruption investigation is fully institutionalized. Corruption is the greatest threat facing the current Chinese Communist authorities. Deepening the reform of the national supervision system is the specific reform goal proposed by the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. From this, we can see that the supervision committee will play an important role in the future political structure of China, and its footprint will cover all aspects of the Party and the country. In recent years, the Chinese Communist authorities are making great efforts to promote the rule of law in an all-round way and actively construct a government ruled by law. However, the spirit of the rule of law, that is, whatever you want to do, must have sufficient reasons and grounds. The spirit of the rule of law, in particular, emphasizes that all the actions of the Supervisory Committee should be administered according to law and abide by the requirements of the law. Therefore, in the reform of the national supervision system, attention should be paid not only to the allocation of power, but also to the protection of rights. In addition to the tasks of clean government and anti-corruption, the supervisors should not ignore the protection of human rights.

Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Sektor Industri Pengolahan di Provinsi Jambi

Identification of leading sectors or leading subsectors is one of the main tasks of the local government and is an important part of regional development planning before formulating, drafting, and establishing a better development policy strategy. The main objective of this research is to analyze and identify subsectors in the manufacturing industry sector that have leading comparativeness and leading competitiveness in Jambi Province. Main data of this study are secondary data of districts and cities in Jambi Province during 2011–2015, which were sourced from the Statistics Indonesia and the Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas). Data were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative analysis methods, namely Location Quotient analysis and Shift Share analysis. Results of the study show that manufacturing industry subsectors of Jambi Province that can be classified as leading comparative and leading competitive subsectors are timber/wood products industry, paper/goods industry, rubber/rubber goods industry, and furniture industry.

EFEKTIVITAS E-SAMSAT, PAJAK PROGRESIF DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR

The Effectiveness of E-Samsat, Progressive Tax and Quality of Service in Improving Vehicle Tax Compliance. The more the economy develops, the more needs and welfare of the community will increase, thus increasing the implementation of government tasks in development and services to improve the welfare of the community. As time goes on, Indonesian State revenues increasingly depend on revenues from the tax sector. Tax is the most dominant source of revenue and is one of the government's efforts to realize national development. Motor Vehicle Tax is one of the highest tax contributors in Regional Original Income and each year the number of motor vehicles continues to increase. Therefore the government issued an E-SAMSAT innovation as a means of convenience for taxpayers to pay taxes, and imposed a progressive tax to control the level of congestion that was generated by the high use of motorized vehicles, as well as the quality of services provided to taxpayers to feel comfortable when performing their obligations. This study has a focus on problems, namely the effectiveness of E-SAMSAT, progressive tax and service quality on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance in 2018, whether by implementing the system and the regulation can improve motor vehicle taxpayer compliance.The results of the study found that the effectiveness of the use of e-Samsat can affect motor vehicle tax compliance in the UPT. Regional Revenue Agency of the Province of Bali in the City of Denpasar. With the implementation of the Progressive Tax at the UPT. The Regional Revenue Agency of Bali Province in Denpasar City greatly influences the level of compulsory tax compliance of motorized vehicles. The level of compliance of motor vehicle taxpayers declined but was not very meaningful. Service quality at UPT. The Provincial Revenue Agency of Bali in Denpasar City strives to be improved in accordance with the rules and SOPs of regulation, by providing the best attitude, excellent service to improve service quality. The application of eSamsat and Progressive Tax and the quality of service can improve motor vehicle taxpayer compliance.

The British Labour Party and the Establishment of the Irish Free State 1918-1924 by Ivan Gibbons (review)

Review Article The British Labour Party and the Establishment of the Irish Free State 1918– 1924, Ivan Gibbons (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015), ix+263 pages. ‘The task of the present government is greatly facilitated by the fact that it has merely to give effect to the policy outlined by our predecessors with whom we are in perfect agreement. To us, as to them, the Treaty embodies a final settlement of Anglo-Irish relations and once and for all, with no ulterior motives’ (Ramsay MacDonald, first Labour Prime Minister, June, 1924). For an Irish reader, a particular merit of Gibbons’s work is that much of the Irish revolutionary period is reviewed not from an Irish perspective but as seen by the British political parties in Westminster. While the focus is on the Labour Party, there is good coverage also of the Liberals (bothAsquithian and Lloyd Georgian) and the Conservatives (‘Die-hard’ and more moderate). This angle of approach is salutary. Some instinctive British attitudes to Ireland, as manifested by their political parties, the media (and not only the tabloids) and by academia have not altered much in the past century; in certain respects, the British landscape of the 1920s is depressingly familiar. An occasional reference, then and now, to the ‘British-Irish border’, or even to the ‘British border’, would not come amiss. Professor Gibbons is a former Programme Director of Irish Studies, St Mary’s University, Twickenham, London. He is also the author of a ninetypage extended pamphlet, Drawing the Line – the Irish Border in British Politics, which was published by Haus Curiosities in October 2018 in the context of the current Brexit debate; he clearly believes that a primer of this sort is sorely needed for the basic education of especially the English public. It repeats much of the historical material in the earlier study but it does not cover the details of the current EU–UK negotiations. Its provocative and highly readable final chapter is entitled ‘Don’t Mention the Irish Border’. The study under review contains interesting perspectives on the Irish centenary period now being celebrated and a wealth of apt quotation and fascinating factual nuggets. Its bibliography is extensive (close to 150 secondary sources), and it has a dependable index and footnotes. It is more detailed and more insightful on the British-party context than on the Irish Summer 2019: Review Article Studies • volume 108 • number 430 212 background. The kernel of the volume is contained in the second, third, fourth and fifth chapters; these cover in turn Labour policy on Ireland between 1918 and 1921, Labour and the Government of Ireland Act of 1920, the establishment of the Free State while Labour was the principal opposition party at Westminster, 1921–23, and Labour as a minority government, June to October, 1924. To the extent that the present-day British Labour Party has the capacity to offer potential alternative strategies to existing UK dilemmas in respect of both of our islands, its earlier history now possesses a special interest. But the book is not particularly well-organised. For example, I found the introduction and the first chapter somewhat over-lengthy and repetitive; the final chapter and conclusion add little. The principal theme is straightforward and convincing. It is that the closer the Labour Party got to taking power as the governing party in London, the more inclined it was to hedge its bets on its traditional interest in and commitment to Ireland and its interests. In its earliest years, up to late 1918, the Labour Party functioned mainly as the progressive wing of the Liberals; as such, it possessed an instinctive and general sympathy with Irish nationalism as articulated by John Redmond. But under the influence especially of the Representation of the People Act, which greatly expanded the franchise, and due to the breakup of the Liberal Party, Labour moved towards becoming the principal opposition party in Westminster; by 1922, it had more seats in the House of Commons than the Liberals. As the party in particular of unionised male industrial workers, the core interest of which was to improve working conditions and increase wages, and faced with serious economic decline, red revolution in Russia...

Customs Tools to Ensure Food Security in Russia

Ensuring food security as an integral part of the economic security of the state is one of the Central problems of the state economic policy of most post-Soviet countries. In recent decades, the vector of implementing food security policy has changed. If at the beginning of market reforms the key task of the national governments of the former Soviet Union was to fill the market of food products regardless of the import component, it is now important to ensure food independence, provided the availability and quality of food. Russia, which has significant potential in the agricultural and food industries, by the beginning of the 21st century has become an import-dependent country by major groups of food. The article systematizes the peculiarities and contradictions of the application of the customs tariff regulation instruments in the food sphere of Russia, analyzes the impact of the customs policy on the food security of the country. The scientific significance of the work is determined by a complex system approach to the factor analysis of food security from the perspective of Russia’s membership in the world trade organization and the consequences of bilateral economic sanctions in relations between Russia and Western countries.

A Crisis for Both Parties

A Crisis for Both Parties

해양시대를 대비한 문재인 정부의 해양도서 정책추진 방향과 과제 연구

해양시대를 대비한 문재인 정부의 해양도서 정책추진 방향과 과제 연구

POLICY ANALYSIS ON INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF HOUSING AND REGION SETTLEMENT

The distribution of government task is divided into two kinds, the absolute task performed by the central government; and concurrent task (the task of choice and mandatory) that are a joint task between the central and local governments. Based on Law Number 23 the Year 2014 on Regional Government, the task of housing and settlement area is a mandatory task (basic service) of the (central and local) government tasks. However, there is a policy change that states that providing housing is not only a government (central and local) task, but also requires the involvement of other government agencies associated with this task, thus have to create a separate unit of work in handling it. Therefore, this paper aims to identify and analyze various policies and institutional coordination in the field of Housing and Settlement Area with the approach of Law of Governance, then provide solutions to efforts in increasing the institutional capacity so as not to overlap.

STUDI PELAKSANAAN TUGAS PENGHULU DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI KAMPUNG PERAWANG BARAT KECAMATAN TUALANG KABUPATEN SIAK

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Empowerment refers to the ability of people, especially vulnerable and weak groups, to have access to productive resources that enable them to increase their income and obtain the goods and services they need, participate in the development process and decisions that affect them, The purpose of this study are: To find out and analyze the Implementation Study of the Tasulu Task Force in Community Empowerment in Perawang Barat Village, Tualang District, Siak Regency, the indicators in this study are: Location Selection, socialization of community empowerment, Community Empowerment Process, independence of community empowerment, type of research located In the head office of Perawang Barat Village, Tualang Sub-district, Siak District, Siak District is a descriptive method with quantitative methods. Data collection techniques used are observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation, sources of information, informa the head of the West Perawang village and the head of the West Perawang sub-district, Tualang district, Siak district. Based on the problem, basically the implementation of the tasks of the village government in community empowerment has not been effective enough because there are still many people who do not understand about the community empowerment program and there is still a lack of leaders to educate the community in Perawang Barat village, Tualang Subdistrict, Siak District. Siak regency so that it can increase its task in empowering the community to conduct socialization so that the community can understand and get results from the community empowerment program.

Effectiveness evaluation on third-party governance model for environmental pollution in China.

China's rapid economic growth is accompanied by seriously environmental pollution. It is the primary task of Chinese government to effectively improve the environmental pollution status while maintaining the rapid and stable economic development. As a new environment governance method, this paper analyzes both environmental and economic effect of third-party governance model concerning "the one who makes pollution makes payment". Firstly, Deng grey relational analysis and principal component analysis have been adopted to calculate the environmental governance coefficients and to rank the effect of environmental governance for all sample cities. And the consistency of results of the two methods has been evaluated according to Kendall-W coefficients. The two methods reach the same conclusion that the sample cities adopting the third-party governance model can improve the environmental pollution status more effectively. Secondly, Granger causality test is used to analyze the relationship between the third-party model and economic growth. It is concluded that the third-party governance model could effectively promote economic growth of local cities. Lastly, this paper puts forward some measures and improvement methods to promote the third-party governance model in China.

Consequences of Economic Sanctions for Food Security of Russia

Ensuring food security of the Russian Federation is one of the most important tasks of state and local government. The modern agro-food policy of the Russian state is focused on the development of agriculture, which is able to provide the population with staple foodstuffs in accordance with rational norms and medical indicators and with minimal imports of agricultural products. The practical implementation of the Food Security Doctrine has contributed to the revival of lost positions in the field of agriculture and more sustainable economic development of the whole agro-industrial complex of the country. How-ever, the economic sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation had a negative impact on the economy of the agrarian sector. At the same time, the counter-sanctions introduced by the Russian state contributed to the transition from imports to accelerated domestic production of agricultural products, raw materials and food. The article discusses the development of Russian agriculture in the context of economic sanctions and their impact on ensuring the country's food security. The problem of ensuring the country's food security includes well-thought-out systemic solutions, researches and the implementation of an effective long-term strategy for the development of food security. Among such solutions is the development of a system of measures to improve reproduction, personnel, tax, credit, price, investment, innovation policies and other areas.

Assessing regional environmental efficiency in China with distinguishing weak and strong disposability of undesirable outputs

China has developed a remarkable economic growth in the past 30 years by accompanying with undesirable outputs. The assumptions of weak and strong of undesirable outputs have become the focus discussion in data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. To have a comprehensive environmental efficiency measurement, this paper proposes three DEA models considering weak disposability, strong disposability and distinguishing weak and strong disposability of undesirable outputs, respectively. We further combine with the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index to assess the environmental efficiency and the dynamic change trend of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2014. The results show that distinguishing technical features of undesirable outputs makes a significant difference to final environmental efficiency score at different regions. The environmental efficiency of the whole nation, however, does not show any increasing trend during the ten years. Enhancing environmental efficiency of central and west area is an urgent task for Chinese government. The change trend of Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index and technological change shows a similar shape. Technical progress is the main driving force to enhance the environmental efficiency. Relevant suggestions are presented for improving the regional environmental efficiency in China in the future.

Financial Support of Housing and Utilities Services Sphere

Housing and utilities sector has remained a topical issue over a long period of time and is closely connected with governmental tasks of improving the quality of providing the population with social services and creating investments opportunities. The increase of the sector efficiency in terms of the regional specificity is affected by such factors: the state of the industrial infrastructure, the level of capital intensity of the operating productions, the features of financial support of the housing and utilities enterprises in Irkutsk Oblast. There are a number of features in the Irkutsk Oblast housing and utilities sector that restrict attraction of private investments. The government works out the projects of increasing their attractiveness with the aim of lowering the share of their participation in financing the sector. The most significant ways of developing the housing and utilities sector (HUS) in Irkutsk Oblast, presented ion the article, include the level of regional acceptability of the rate methods, increasing the quality of public-private cooperation, introducing the ways of lowering the HUS enterprises loan debts. All of them are being implemented depending on the possibility of supporting their effective financing. An issue is raised in the tariff policy about the negative effect of the short-term tariffs for services and products, which can lower the investment risks, a task that is hard to perform at the present time, not involving all types of services. Public-private cooperation can contribute to attracting private investors through making concession agreements that determine and establish mutual relations for defending their interests but strongly restricts the investors rights. The loan debts as a negative factor of attracting private investors in the HUS sphere slow down the development of the sector.

문재인 정부의 정부혁신 성과와 과제 : 2018년 중앙행정기관 정부혁신 평가사례를 중심으로

이 연구는 문재인 정부의 정부혁신을 2018년 실시한 중앙행정기관의 정부혁신 평가사례를 통하여 성과와 과제를 도출하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 중앙행정기관이 이 정부의 혁신가치인 사회적 가치구현, 국민의 소통과 참여 그리고 정부 신뢰 등을 위해 다양한 노력을 하고 있음에도 불구하고, 과제 발굴과 추진노력 차원의 긍정적 측면은 있으나, 성과 도출과 혁신의 조직 내재화는 시기상조인 것을 확인하였다.BR 향후 정부혁신의 내재화 및 성과 창출이 가시화되기 위하여, 중앙행정기관은 기관 차원의 정부혁신 추진이 가능하도록 기관장 등 관리층의 참여와 지원, 우수 사례발굴 차원의 혁신이 아닌 기관의 혁신문화 조성과 내재화를 지향하는 혁신추진이 필요하다고 제안하였다. 더불어 정부혁신의 총괄부처(서)는 성과관리 차원에서 정부혁신 평가를 기관평가가 가능하도록 평가체계의 개선은 물론, 기관별 혁신활동에 대한 공유와 학습 등 기회제공과 기관의 특성을 반영한 혁신추진이 될 수 있도록 유도하는 방안에 대한 고민이 필요하다고 지적하였다.

State Civil Apparatus in Indonesia in the Conception of Welfare State: A Study of Legal Material Law Number 5 Year 2014 on State Civil Apparatus

In essence every form of government interference must be based on legislation that applies as a principle of legality, which is the main joint law of the State. However, because there are limitations to this principle or because of weaknesses and shortcomings in the laws and regulations, the government is given freedom. Freies Ermessen, namely the freedom of the government to be able to act on its own initiative in solving social problems. Freies Ermessen raises opportunities for conflicts of interest, in order to avoid or minimize violations of citizens' rights, hence increasing legal protection for deviant state administration (Verhoogde Rechtsbescherming) in the form of "Algemene Beginselen Van Behoorlijk Bestuur" or general principles of good governance. The task of government is carried out in the framework of the implementation of the general functions of government which includes institutional, personnel and management utilization. Whereas in the implementation of certain development tasks carried out in the context of implementing certain development tasks carried out through nation-building (cultural and political development) as well as through economic and social development (economic and social development) which is directed at increasing the welfare and prosperity of the entire community, Law Number 5 Year 2014 on state civil apparatus as the basis for regulating the state civil apparatus in each of its implementation policies prioritizes the foundation of legislation, propriety and justice. The method of research is normative legal research methods, namely the study of legal principles legal rules which are standards for behaving or behaving. This research can be carried out (especially) on primary and secondary legal materials, as long as the materials contain legal rules, because not every article in a law, for example, contains legal rules; there are articles which are only limits as commonly found in the general provisions of the legislation. Research on legal principles is a philosophical study because the legal principle is an ideal element of law. Goals: The purpose of this research is to make the state civil apparatus understand the concept of the welfare state, the use of discretionary power (Freies ermessen), understand the principles that limit the actions of state civil apparatus to avoid corruption and collusion and nepotism in realizing people's welfare in Indonesia. Novelty/Improvement: This article discusses the study of law regarding the position of Civil Servants in Indonesia based on Law Number 5 Year 2014 on State Civil Apparatus. Concerning state civil apparatus which is associated with principles general good governance, this research article is also expected to be able to provide information for readers to be able to realize the state civil apparatus free from the practice of collusion, corruption and nepotism in realizing good governance in Indonesia in the conception of welfare state.