Government Officials Research Articles

LEVERAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR ENHANCED GOVERNMENT SERVICE EFFICIENCY IN LINGGA REGENCY

This study investigates the impact of information technology on the effectiveness of government services in Lingga Regency, focusing on the role of technological infrastructure, information technology usage, and government policy support. A quantitative approach was employed, using total sampling with 30 employees from the North Lingga District Office as respondents. Data were analyzed using Smart PLS to test the relationships between variables. The results show that both the quality of technological infrastructure and the use of information technology have a significant positive effect on the effectiveness of government services. Furthermore, government policy support was found to moderate the relationship between infrastructure quality and service effectiveness, enhancing the impact of infrastructure investments on public service delivery. However, the moderating effect of policy support on the use of IT was weaker, indicating that IT can directly improve service effectiveness without extensive policy intervention. These findings highlight the importance of investing in both infrastructure and IT, while also developing supportive policies to sustain long-term improvements in government services. This research provides practical insights for policymakers and government officials in optimizing public administration through strategic technology integration.

아시아·태평양전쟁기 한미협회의 외교 활동

This study focused on research about the nature and process of Syngman Rhee’s lobbying association, the Korean-American Council’s military petition during the Pacific War. The Korean-American Council desired to receive military aids from the U.S. Government for the Korean Provisional Government(KPG)’s military operations. Also, the council hoped to build the U.S.-Korea alliance by solidifying the military relationship between the KPG and the U.S. Therefore, the council members highlighted the petition for military assistance for Koreans, rather than only requesting approval of the KPG as the official Korean government during negotiation attempts with the U.S. State Department and U.S. military organizations. In the course of negotiation, the U.S. government largely emphasized its military interests related to U.S.-Korean military associations. The characteristics of the negotiations were found as follows. First, During the negotiations, the U.S. Department of State, which was the main target of the Korean-American Council’s diplomacy, did not disregard the negotiation. However, the State Department delivered information about the Korean-American Council’s military petitions to the U.S. military organizations. Thereby, the State Department, despite its plan of Korean Trusteeship, let the Korean-American Council understand the State Department’s favorable opinions on the KPG’s will of carrying out war operations against Japan. Secondly, the Korean-American Council’s military petitions aligned partially with the Korean-U.S. military operation plan prepared by the OSS at the time. This reflects the council members’ awareness of the need to forge the Korean military operations led by the U.S. government. However, there was a task that Korea’s military capacity and reliability had to be demonstrated before practicing the plan devised by OSS. In the course, the Korean-American Council’s military petitions played a certain important role.

Global COVID-19 Pandemic: Implemented Policies and Effective Measures Employed Worldwide

In this article, a comprehensive methodology has been used to investigate the policies and measures taken around the world in the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. Research includes examining international reports, official government statements, and scientific literature from organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO). Analysis and synthesis of these resources were made to identify common trends, challenges and effective strategies used in different countries and regions. The methodology aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the global response to the Covid-19 pandemic, to provide insights into the effectiveness of these various policies and measures by addressing the measures taken and policies implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Then, he discussed the countries struggling with the covid-19 pandemic on a country basis and explained the policies and measures they took.

Impact of reliable news information on consumers' perceptions and information seeking intentions from a food safety risk

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate whether information from reliable news sources such as medical experts and government officials, along with governmental and individual risk responses, influences consumers’ perceptions of news and intention to seek more information. Additionally, it aimed to explore the relationships between these perceptions and consumers’ intentions to seek information in a food safety risk event.Design/methodology/approachA survey design methodology was employed. A quasi-experimental approach divided 470 Taiwanese participants into three groups, each exposed to varying online news content about food safety news, designed according to the Internalization-Distribution-Explanation-Action (IDEA) model. This involved different combinations of reliable sources and risk response advice to examine the impact on news comprehension and behaviour intentions.FindingsThe results indicated that consumers perceived the news as highly credible when they read it with reliable news sources or risk response advice. Governmental and individual risk response advice significantly impacted consumers’ understanding of news. In addition, perceptions of news credibility and understanding of news can increase individuals’ information-seeking intentions to protect themselves from food safety risks.Originality/valueThis study introduced novel insights into the application of the source credibility theory (SCT) model within Taiwanese food safety incidents, identifying key factors that motivate consumer information-seeking behaviour. It marks an initial attempt to incorporate the IDEA model-based risk communication content into research design, aligning with existing literature while highlighting the critical role of reliable sources in enhancing news credibility and consumer response.

Mori Arinori: Japan’s Diplomat in Washington, D.C.

Abstract This article briefly examines the life of Mori Arinori, who in 1871 became Japan’s first resident diplomat in Washington, D.C., with the primary assignment of making preparations for the upcoming Iwakura Mission. Mori’s pedigree of being from a samurai family from Satsuma domain and his unusual background of having already lived in Britain and the United States led senior officials of the new Meiji Imperial government to name Mori to the all-important position of being Japan’s top representative to the United States despite his youth – he was only 23 years old at the time of his appointment. Notwithstanding his occasional impatience with Japanese traditions and the more reserved senior officials of the Iwakura Embassy, Mori’s connections in Washington D.C., his understanding of American society, and his skill at the English language significantly contributed to the institutional, cultural, and economic information that members of the Japanese delegation gathered. Mori’s post-Washington career as an intellectual, diplomat, and top education official in Japan in the late 1870s and 1880s also contributed to his country’s progression from the collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate to the cusp of Japan’s international recognition as a major power in a world being transformed by industrialization and imperialism.

TINJAUAN YURIDIS KASUS KEBAKARAN LAPAS KELAS 1 TANGERANG DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA MENURUT UU NO. 39 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG HAS ASASI MANUSIA

The safety guarantee of the right to life for prisoners in correctional institutions (“lapas”) is often neglected, even though it is the responsibility of the state. One of the cases that occurred was the alleged negligence of government officials in the management of facilities and infrastructure in prison, such as the fire that occurred in Correctional Institutions Class 1 Tangerang on September 8, 2021. The problems of this article are: whether there is a violation of human rights in the case of fire in Correctional Institutions Class 1 Tangerang? This article is a normative legal research, descriptive in nature, using secondary data, and deductive inference. The Result and conclusion obtained is that there was a violation of human rights due to the negligence of several prison officers which then caused a fire and resulted in casualties. Related to the case, four prison officers were charged under Articles 359 and 188 of the Criminal Code with a prison sentence of up to five years. Improvement and revitalization of prisons are also needed so that the safety of prisoners in prison can be better guaranteed.

Exploring genesis and praxis of restorative justice in Saskatchewan, Canada

ABSTRACT This study explores the growth and development of restorative justice in Saskatchewan. With key informant interviews and surveys, this study finds that government officials and the community played an important role in the growth of restorative justice (RJ) in Saskatchewan. The data are analyzed with NVivo 10 software. This study finds multiple factors contributing to the growth and development of restorative justice in Saskatchewan. Dissatisfaction with the current criminal justice system, increased awareness of restorative justice, and faith-based organizations such as the Mennonite Central Committee (MCC), Indigenous-led justice organizations and funding support from both provincial and federal governments facilitated the growth of RJ in SK. This study captures a major discussion of government in restorative justice. This study ends with sharing some limitations and areas for future research.

Empowerment of Local Government Officials in Managing Waste to Support Sustainable Development (Case Study in Lebak Regency)

The circular economy emerged as a response to the aspiration to realize sustainable development in anticipation of production and consumption pressures on natural resources and the environment. In this economic system concept, waste management is carried out optimally, where the result of recycling waste will be a value-added product while reducing waste residue. The objectives of the community service program are to provide solutions to waste management problems in Lebak Regency, provide alternative business development using appropriate technology so that there is an increase in the economy of the community in Lebak Regency, and at the same time, build disciplined behavior in maintaining the environment. This service method uses Participatory Action Research (PAR), which involves community members as co-researchers in identifying educational needs, developing strategies, and implementing solutions. Furthermore, the method used was through the delivery of socialization to participants in a hybrid manner. The socialization material includes (i) the importance of waste processing, (ii) how to sort waste, and (iii) economic added value from waste processing. The results of community service are in the form of solving problems the community faces by utilizing the expertise of relevant academicians related to waste management in Lebak Regency, West Java. Furthermore, the implication of this community service is to increase literacy and awareness among government officials about adequate waste management so that they can manage waste in their areas to reduce the negative impact of landfills.

Compounding Pharmacy Restoration as a Current Healthcare Priorit

The matter of restoring the system of compounding pharmacies is actively discussed by members of the medical and pharmaceutical communities as well as government officials at various levels. This interview presents the views of Ayrat Z. Farrakhov, Head of the Working Group for the Restoration of Compounding Pharmacies of the State Duma Committee on Health Protection, representative to the 8th State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, member of the State Duma Committee on Budget and Taxes, Vice-President of the National Medical Chamber Medical Community Union, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, and Honoured Doctor of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Cocoa vs. food crops: smallholder’s seasonal food access and extension support for climate adaptation in Ghana

ABSTRACT The food security implications of the production of cocoa compared to food crops and the phenomenon of the lean season amongst smallholder farmers have been well-researched. Yet, the literature has yet to consider how climate variability affects these dynamics. This study addresses this gap by comparing the contributions of cocoa and food crops to food stability and access during extreme and erratic weather events. It then compares government extension support for households’ climate adaptation of these crops. Our data draw on the case of smallholder cocoa farmers in Ghana’s Central Region and comprise a survey of 250 households, 16 focus group discussions, and 81 semi-structured interviews with smallholders, market sellers, and government officials. We find that food crops are essential for households’ food access during the cocoa lean season and when cocoa yields are reduced by climate change-related extreme or erratic weather events. However, food crop yields are themselves negatively affected by climate variability impacts. Furthermore, many farmers lack climate adaptation strategies or support for food crops as government extension services focus instead on export-driven cocoa. We argue that to promote households’ food stability, more smallholder extension support for food crop production and climate adaptation is urgently needed.

How engineering and technology sectors are derailed by legislations: A case study of pakistan

The engineering profession play a vital role in the socio-economic development of societies and contribute to the GDP of countries. This role, however, can be derailed by legislations that regulate such profession. This paper investigates the impacts of legislations on engineering profession in developing countries. The case of Pakistan where engineering profession is regulated by the Pakistan Engineering Council Act has been considered. A qualitative research approach in which 66 documents related to legislations, law cases, international standards, and practices, qualification frameworks have been reviewed to assess the impact of legislation on technology education and employment. Six semi-structured interviews were conducted with government officials to get their stance on the subject matter. The finding suggests that the absolute purpose of this legislation was to regulate the engineering profession, however, wrong interpretation of this regulation has barred qualified technology graduates from the practice of engineering within the country. The faulty regulations are required to be revisited enabling graduates to contribute to the development of Pakistan.

How Does Government Intervention Affect Community Residents’ Satisfaction with Public Services—Evidence from CSS (2021) in China

The traditional model of community public service in China is experiencing a nuanced transformation, which has been spurred by increased government involvement and the growing openness of communities in the realm of public governance. Recent scholarly inquiries have revealed a strong association between the level of government intervention and the satisfaction of residents with public services. This means that communities with higher levels of government intervention typically enjoy more comprehensive public facilities and services, thereby increasing residents’ satisfaction with community public services. This article analyzes 2021 social security system data and finds that government intervention often has a beneficial impact on improving residents’ satisfaction with public services, although it may also have negative effects in certain specific areas. In addition, the impact of government participation and community openness on residents’ satisfaction is moderated by various factors such as residents’ own economic statuses and education levels. To achieve this goal, government officials and community leaders should focus on improving the nature and degree of government intervention and community openness in order to more fully meet the needs of residents and increase their satisfaction.

Press Insecurity during Anglophone War Coverage in Cameroon: Ways to Protect Marginalized Journalists

As the global media community prepares for World Press Freedom Day 2025 culminating and the Academic Conference on Safety of Journalists, attacks on journalists and the profession are diversified as never before. Military regimes and democratic governments prevent journalists from accessing and reporting news correctly. That scenario exists in the Republic of Cameroon (aka LRC), where some eight million predominantly English-speaking people in Cameroon and abroad struggle for recognition as a separate nation from the Republic of Cameroon. The struggle has been disfigured by misinformation on social media platforms, unreliable reporting of the crises, and journalists having limited access to news and information sources. LRC’s military and pro-independence fighters often prevent journalists from reaching affected groups, particularly refugee inhabitants facing inhumane treatment by the military, thus possibly fearing backlashes from government officials, human rights advocates, the United Nations Human Rights Council, pro-independence groups, and Free Press Unlimited.Using straw polls, email surveys, and telephonic surveys carried out periodically between January 2022 and March 2024 on news reporters and journalists serving four independent newspapers in the Anglophone region, this presentation shall highlight newsgathering and reporting practices during the war. This paper offers possible solutions for the gridlock inter-alia: (i) ways of re-establishing integrity in journalism as a credible news bank and (ii) how journalists in nations excluded from mainstream social, economic, educational, and cultural life should be protected against punitive activities facilitated by international partners, particularly donors.

Betrayed, Beaten, Banished: The Stigma of Being a Rural Tongqi in China.

In China, an emerging social issue involves a subset of rural women who, because of family and culture, become inadvertently matched up with and married to closeted men who have sex with men (MSM). These women-referred to as Tongqi-often discover they are in a loveless marriage, but any effort to change their situation results in intense backlash, discrimination, and stigma from families, village communities, and even government and healthcare institutions. This study explores the experiences of Tongqi, examining the influence of social interaction, community relationships, and macrostructural factors that coalesce to create an environment of chronic enacted stigma. In-depth interviews were conducted with 59 rural Tongqi, 11 of whom contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from their spouses. The findings reveal the significant role of extended kinship networks and macrostructural elements, such as hukou (household registration) and government officers, as well as village-level lineage structures. Informant data highlights how lineage relationships, interwoven with gender practices, contribute to the enacted stigma impacting the physical and psychological health of Tongqi. Tongqi report psychological effects such as an array of symptoms reflecting post-traumatic stress, chronic depression, and attempted suicide. Tongqi also report adverse physical health concerns involving reproductive health, unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and pregnancy complications. These findings helped produce possible policy recommendations to address the most pressing issues faced by Tongqi.

TRAVEL MOTIVATIONS OF DOMESTIC TOURISTS TO PENANG, MALAYSIA

The services provided by those operating in the tourism industry, including destination managers, tourism strategists and tourism distributors, can be improved through a good understanding of the factors which prompt tourists to travel, or to opt for particular destinations. This study delves into the push and pull (P&P) theory, to identify the travel motivations (TMs) of domestic tourists, who visit the Malaysian state of Penang. A survey involving the participation of 504 domestic tourists, revealed these TMs as: (a) the natural sights and cultural experiences presented, (b) the gourmet dining and shopping attractions available, as well as (c) the quality tourist support infrastructure and services provided. It is our recommendation, that the findings derived through this investigation, be taken into consideration by local government officials and players in the Penang tourism industry, to enhance the quality of the tourism products available, as well as to promote the tourism products deemed most attractive to visitors.

Balancing Development and Community Rights: Legal and Policy Frameworks for Land Conflict Resolution in Batam, Indonesia

The rapid development of Batam, Indonesia, as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has led to significant land conflicts between the state, developers, and local communities. The existing legal and policy frameworks have been criticized for prioritizing economic growth over community rights, leading to forced evictions, inadequate compensation, and social unrest. This study aims to analyze the legal and policy frameworks governing land conflict resolution in Batam and propose recommendations for balancing development and community rights. The research employs a qualitative approach, combining legal and policy analysis with empirical data collected through interviews with key stakeholders, including government officials, community leaders, and legal experts. The study examines relevant laws, regulations, and policies related to land acquisition, compensation, and dispute resolution in Batam. The findings reveal several shortcomings in the current legal and policy frameworks, including a lack of transparency and participation in decision-making processes, inadequate compensation mechanisms, and limited access to justice for affected communities. The study also highlights the power imbalance between the state, developers, and communities, which often leads to the marginalization of community rights. The study concludes that balancing development and community rights in Batam requires a comprehensive reform of the legal and policy frameworks. The recommendations include strengthening community participation in decision-making processes, ensuring fair and adequate compensation, and improving access to justice for affected communities. The study also emphasizes the need for greater transparency and accountability in land acquisition and development processes.

FROM PERCEPTION TO SUPPORT: THE ROLE OF POLITICAL BUREAUCRACY IN RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN LOMBOK, INDONESIA

Numerous studies emphasise the importance of local governance and governmental support in promoting long-term rural tourist growth. Political bureaucracy, which encompasses the duties and activities of government officials and institutions, plays an important role in developing policies, providing required infrastructure, and fostering stakeholder collaboration. The challenge at hand is the ambiguous relationship between perceived benefits (economic, social, and environmental) and community support influenced by political structures. This study explores moderating role of political bureaucracy on the relationship between the impact of perceived tourism benefits and the community support for rural tourism development in Lombok, Indonesia. The objective is to understand how these perceptions affect support when moderated by political bureaucracy. Data were collected using quantitative methods from 183 residents via online surveys and analysed using SmartPLS SEM for measurement and structural model assessments. The findings revealed no significant relationship between perceived economic and social benefits and community support. However, environmental benefits showed a positive influence. The moderating role of political bureaucracy was found to be minimal. The study suggests that enhancing awareness and empowerment of local communities could improve support for tourism. These insights are vital for policymakers and stakeholders to develop strategies that foster sustainable rural tourism.

Investigating Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Eco-Friendly Products in Nigeria

The increasing concern for environmental conservation has enhanced the need for more environmentally friendly products throughout the globe thus affecting even the developing nations like Nigeria. The present research focuses on the examination of the extent of the premium that Nigerian consumers are willing to pay for green products, an area that lacks sufficient empirical evidence. Thus, the research aims of the study are to establish the level of this willingness, examine the factors influencing this willingness, and evaluate the consequences for business and sustainability. A combination of questionnaires and interviews as research tools for data collection was adopted. The study shows that most of the Nigerian consumers are willing to make premium prices to purchase environmentally friendly products, the main reason is quality and health. The findings agree with the literature that there is a need for better availability and information about green products to build consumer confidence and improve utilization, which could be helpful for organizations and government officials who seek to drive sustainable consumption in Nigeria.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA PERANGKAT DESA DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi Kasus di Desa Tambak Ukir, Desa Kendit dan Desa Bugeman Kecamatan Kendit Kabupaten Situbondo)

The village office is a building or room used as the center for administrative functions at the village level. It serves as a meeting place for village government officials, including the village head, village administration staff, and various departments or units related to public services and the interests of the village community. This research aims to analyze the factors affecting the performance of village officials with job satisfaction as an intervening variable (a case study in Tambak Ukir Village, Kendit Village, and Bugeman Village in the Kendit District of Situbondo Regency). The population for this study consists of all village officials from Tambak Ukir, Kendit, and Bugeman, totaling 41 individuals. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study employ Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of the direct effect hypothesis test using Smart PLS 3.0 show that the Work Commitment variable has a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction, Work Ability has a positive but not significant effect on Job Satisfaction, Work Environment has a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction, Work Commitment has a positive but not significant effect on Employee Performance, Work Ability has a positive but not significant effect on Employee Performance, Work Environment has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance, and Job Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance. The results of the indirect effect hypothesis test indicate that Work Commitment has a positive but not significant effect on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction, Work Ability has a positive but not significant effect on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction, and Work Environment has a positive but not significant effect on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction.

Potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Overcome Drought Stress and Low Nutrient Availability in Dryland Farming

There is an increasing rate of land conversion in Indonesia that can threaten food self-sufficiency. Therefore farmers and the government must expand agriculture by developing agriculture on potential available lands such as drylands. However, drylands in Indonesia have low productivity due to low water and nutrient availability. This article aims to determine the potential use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to overcome drought stress and low nutrient availability in drylands. The method used in writing this article is a desk literature study conducted by collecting data from various sources, such as scientific journals, seminar proceedings, and online reports available in related government office in West Nusatenggara Province. The data obtained were then analyzed qualitatively by identifying, reviewing, and synthesizing information to produce a complete and comprehensive explanation. The results of the literature study showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have the potential to overcome drought stress and low nutrient availability in drylands. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can be a sustainable solution to increase agricultural productivity in drylands.