Government Hopes Research Articles

Hoffnung trübt den Blick – Ein „Generationenkapital“ ist weder treffsicher noch effizient

Abstract The German federal government hopes to generate revenue by investing a capital stock in state hands to slow down the threatening increase in contribution rates in the mandatory pay-as-you-go pension insurance. However, there is not only a lack of capital but also of pension policy targets. Even if one wanted to build up the capital stock financed by credit, a minimum-pension level would benefit not only the needy but all those entitled to it. Instead, the goals can be realised more efficiently with funded private pension provision and means-tested subsidies for households at risk of poverty.

THE EFFECT OF BACK ROLING MASSAGE ON THE EXPENDITURE OF BREAST MILK IN POSTPARTUM MOTHER AT AL-IHSAN BALE ENDAH BANDUNG HOSPITAL

Back rolling massage is a massage performed on postpartum mothers to stimulate breastfeeding. Expenditure of breast milk will be smooth if the excess milk production marked by breast milk will drip and will radiate profusely when the baby suction (Purwanti, 2010). The government hopes that breastfeeding sufficiency in babies can reduce the number of shunting, which prevention was being promoted starting in 2018.The research objective was the effect of back rolling massage on breastfeeding in postpartum mothers in Zaitun 3 Al Ihsan Hospital. This research method used a quantitative research design, using the Quasi Experiment method, the research design used pre-test and post-test with control group design. The population in this research were postpartum patients in Zaitun III Room at Al-Ihsan Hospital were hospitalized for August to October 2019 totaled 238 people. The sample in this research amounted to 15 people. The sampling technique in this research used nonprobability sampling, namely accidental sampling. Prior to the rolling back massage, most of the 11 respondents (73.3%) had sufficient milk expenditure and a small proportion of 4 respondents had insufficient breastfeeding (26.7%). Results, After being given a rolling massage, most of the 12 respondents (80.0%) had smooth breastfeeding, a small proportion, namely 3 respondents (20.0%) had sufficient milk expenditure. Conclusions, There are differences before and after being given rolling massage back then it is stated that H0 is accepted, thus it can be concluded that there is an influence rolling massage back on breastfeeding for post-partum mothers in the Zaitun III Hospital Al-Ihsan West Java Province. Keywords: Back rolling massage, Breast Milk, Quasi Experiment

Analysis of factors affecting fertility rate in China

Fertility is an important factor that determines the trend of population development in China. In recent decades, Chinas fertility rate is declining. Nevertheless, the formation mechanism and influence behind it are still lack of unified explanation. Hence, this article researches and analyzes the reasons of the decrease of Chinas fertility rate through factor analysis and cluster analysis based on the data collected in the past two decades since 2002. On the basis of this article, the per capita disposable income of residents, the crude divorce rate, the number of divorce registrations, the urban population ratio, and the high school enrollment rate have a prominent relevance with the fertility rate. In addition, the fertility rate alters in the past 20 years in this paper can be divided into three categories: the fertility rate was relatively stable from 2002 to 2011, the fertility rate increased significantly and fluctuated slightly from 2012 to 2015, and the fertility rate decreased rapidly from 2016 to 2021. If the government hopes to maintain a high birth rate, it can achieve this by easing the birth policy and improving the divorce calm down period system.

EFFORTS TO INCREASE COMMUNITY LITERACY

Improving literacy, especially reading and writing literacy in society, must be one of the centers of attention of various parties. Low literacy skills will encourage people to respond incorrectly to information that has the potential to take actions that are not in accordance with existing rules and can even hinder the growth of the global human development index as the government hopes, and can even harm themselves. This service activity is carried out in an effort to improve literacy in village communities. Activities are carried out by means of outreach, discussions and training that directly involve the community. The implementation of this community service activity proves that the discussion, socialization and training methods can improve the literacy skills of the village community.

Comment on “Japan's Higher Education Policies under Global Challenge”

Comment on “Japan's Higher Education Policies under Global Challenge”

Pavement Road Crossing Sirtu Village Kondowa

Based on its geographical position, Pasarwajo District has regional boundaries, namely: Kapontori District, Wolowa District, Wabula District, South Buton Regency, Flores Sea and BauBau City. Kondowa Village is one of the villages in Pasarwajo District whose population is mostly transmigration. The area of Pasarwajo District is 3.77 KM2. Kondowa Village only has 1 access road to connect with Holimombo Jaya Village so the community took the initiative to build a new road that will be an alternative route to go to the opposite village. The results of the debate resulted in the design of the Kondowa Village Road and the materials that will be used for the construction of the village road which is then agreed upon with the length of the road to be worked on, which is 2,715 meters long. The Kondowa Village Government hopes to collaborate with the Civil Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton to continue helping design planning in the building industry.

Legal Analysis of the Effective Use of School Operational Assistance Funds in North Halmahera District


 
 
 Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 6 of 2021 Concerning the Technical Guidelines for Regular School Operational Assistance states that the purpose of providing BOS Funds is to help with school operational costs, increase flexibility and quality of learning for students. The government hopes that every poor citizen can get an education and experience a better teaching and learning process. school operations in North Halmahera Regency. This study uses qualitative research. The population study was all schools in West Kao District, North Halmahera Regency with a sample of 11 schools. This research was conducted from June to August 2022. The research instruments were interviews and observations. The results showed that the use of BOS funds had not been effective so that the quality of education was still relatively low.
 
 

Research on the influencing factors of the citizen adoption process of China's national integrated online government service platform

PurposeThe Chinese government hopes to achieve the goal of benefiting citizens by building a National Integrated Online Government Service Platform (NIOGSP). However, citizens' low adoption of the platform makes it difficult for the government to achieve its goal. Research on the influencing factors of citizen adoption of NIOGSP can help the government fully understand the concerns and needs of its citizens and take targeted measures to increase citizen adoption.Design/methodology/approachFirst, this research builds a model of the citizen adoption process, including attention, retention and motivation, based on an observational learning model. Next, research variables are determined based on social cognitive theory, literature review and real-world needs. Finally, based on the questionnaire survey and structural equation model, the influencing factors of each stage of the citizen adoption process model are studied and the relationship between the three stages of the model is verified.FindingsResults show that perceived usefulness (PU) and self-efficacy (SE) positively affect attention. SE positively affects retention, while perceived privacy (PP) negatively affects retention. PU, social influence, PP and anxiety positively affect motivation.Originality/valueThe conclusion of this study can provide reference for governments in various countries to establish and improve online one-stop government. In addition, this study verifies the citizen adoption process model and finds that there is no obvious causal relationship between attention and retention, but both have positive effects on motivation.

EMPOWERMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF FAMILY WELFARE GOVERNMENT PROGRAM FOR COUPLES WITH DISABILITIES AURA LENTERA BANYUWANGI

This research aims to overcome the problem of Empowerment and Inmprovement of Family Welfare for Couples with Disabilities Aura Lentera Banyuwangi. The purpose of this research is to overcome the problems of Partner Problems, namely there is still no continuity of empowerment programs carried out by the government for family couples with disabilities. Generally, training is only for persons who are still in their teens or in school. Some Based on these data, other problems can be identified as follows: 1. Many women and wives with disabilities become the main support for the family and help their husbands who have disabilities; 2. There are several couples, in general there are dominant partners who both have limitations as persons with disabilities, both husband and wife; 3. There is still a lack of Family Economic empowerment programs for people with visual impairments and other disabilities for people who are already married; 4. Lack of Accessibility Welfare Program for families with visual impairments and people with other visual impairments is still rare; 5. Pro-disability government policy programs. However, this information has not yet arrived or has not been reached by persons with disabilities; 6. Problems with limitations in improving the economy and family welfare of spouses with disabilities; 7. Government programs that have been made for all components of society are not yet accessible, especially for vulnerable groups, especially people with disabilities, both visually impaired and other handicapped; 8. Accessibility of information on economic empowerment and education is still not easily accessible to persons with disabilities, especially the visually impaired; 9. There is no family economic empowerment starting from family spiritual development; 10. Education is still rare in maintaining environmental cleanliness and health with healthy and halal eating patterns; 11. There has been no special socialization for groups of people with families who are already married to exercise regularly to be healthy and avoid various kinds of diseases; 12. Training is still rare in accordance with the limitations and competencies possessed by persons with disabilities, both visually impaired and other handicapped. Just a little like massage training. Forms of business skills to increase household income, such as home industry business skills to date are making cakes, and salted eggs. As well as some visually impaired persons who have vocal abilities and are members of the Al Mumtaz MSME arts community, which have not been accommodated in a sustainable manner. The solutions offered are 1. By holding a socialization of government programs for the disabled, inviting BLK and Welfare of the Banyuwangi Regency Government to share discussions; 2. Family economic empowerment, family spiritual development, self-actualization motivation in the fields of education, health, economy; 3. Socialization of healthy living, healthy and halal eating patterns; 4. Community motivation; 5. Accessibility of information on empowerment programs The output targets to be achieved are increased understanding of training participants, increased accessibility of Banyuwangi district government programs and hopes for improving the welfare of families with persons with disabilities; publication of online media and print media, compiling articles related to service in the form of national journals, photos and videos of activity documentation.Keywords: Empowerment; Accessibility; Women's Welfare; Government Program; Aura Lantern

Halal Industry Products influence on Current Account in OIC Economics in Asia on 2015 – 2019

The Halal industry is growing rapidly, which is driven by the high public demand for halal products. Halal products in various aspects of the industry are the new prima donna. The government hopes that halal products in the export and import approach can overcome the country's problems, especially the current account deficit. The purpose of this study analyses the effect of halal industrial products in the export and import approach on the current account balance of OIC member countries in Asia in 2015-2019. This type of research is quantitative research. The model calculated using the FEM (Fixed Effect Model) which discusses the correlation between the dependent variable and the independent variable to determine the effect on the current account balance from 2015 to 2019.
 The results found the halal industrial products which are proxied by the export and import of halal products greatly affect the current accounts in 13 OIC member countries in Asia. Exports of halal products have a positive and significant effect on current accounts in OIC member countries in Asia. Meanwhile, imports of halal products have a negative and significant effect on current accounts in OIC member countries in Asia. Based on the results of the study, Kyrgyzstan ranked first with the highest number of halal product exports affecting current accounts among OIC member countries in Asia. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia ranks thirteenth with the lowest number of halal product exports affecting the country's current accounts. In contrast with exports, Malaysia ranks first with the highest number of imports of halal products affecting current accounts among OIC member countries in Asia. Meanwhile, Lebanon ranks thirteenth with the lowest number of imports of halal products affecting the country's current accounts.

Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Cirebon di Bidang Ketertiban Umum Dalam Menerapkan PPKM Darurat

The title of this research is Cirebon City Government Policy In The Field Of Public Order In Implementing Emergency PPKM.
 The research method used by the researcher is using the constructivism paradigm and the type of qualitative research with a socio-legal research approach.
 The results of the study from this research are the policies carried out by the Cirebon City government in implementing Emergency PPKM have been carried out with the help of related devices or agencies, but because they were carried out suddenly so that the policies implemented could not work well. The government hopes that with this policy there will be no crowds, which is to avoid the spread of Covid-19 which will be accepted by the community if it is not prevented, but the facts on the ground that occur are the lack of information received by the public so that people do not know the requirements. What conditions are needed to be able to do activities in Cirebon City, so that what happens is a long traffic jam on the border of Cirebon City, which in the end results in crowds in public spaces. In connection with the fulfillment of the rights of the people of Cirebon City who are affected by the Emergency PPKM, assistance has been distributed from the government, and it is hoped that in the future the assistance distributed can be received effectively and efficiently.

PERILAKU KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN PEMASARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN STUDI PADA USAHA ORIANA MINI MART

Entrepreneurship is a way of thinking, studying, and acting that is based on business opportunities, a holistic approach, and leadership. With entrepreneurship, the government hopes that all elements of society can create equal employment opportunities so that it can reduce the unemployment rate in Indonesia. Oriana Mini Mart is a business store engaged in the retail business that sells some basic needs for the local community. This business certainly relies on the expertise of employees or labor both in terms of waiters.
 This type of research is a qualitative research that seeks to collect facts and circumstances properly through interviews. The interview technique used is a structured interview which guides the interviewees to ask various questions to the informants. Interviews were conducted with business owners, employees/ti, and several consumers.
 The results showed that entrepreneurial behavior through innovation, decision making in dealing with business risks, and taking existing opportunities, was very effective in increasing income at Oriana Mini Mart. In addition, the marketing carried out by Oriana Mini Mart also plays an effective role in increasing revenue through price and product management, as well as promotions carried out. And supported by a quite strategic location

The Independent Campus Learning Towards Industrial Revolution 5.0

The Independent Learning and Independent Campus are new curricula initiated by the Minister of Education and culture. This curriculum is in line with the character of young people in this digitalization era. Where today's young people have more interests and talents that are different from the past, therefore today is said to be the millennial era. Where today's young people do not want to be confined from the desire to be creative according to their interests, talents and potential according to their era. This idea is inseparable from the experience of the Minister of Education and culture abroad. He wants to develop the experience he got while abroad in Indonesia. Along with this digital era, Indonesia must be ready for the industrial revolution 5.0. With the implementation of independent learning and independent campuses, learners can fill their skills by participating in extracurricular activities in the form of courses, internships/work practices, Student Exchanges, Teaching Assistance in Education Units, Research/Research, Entrepreneurial Activities, Independent Studies/Projects and developing villages/ thematic real work lectures. Where this activity is carried out within the Study Program and outside the Study Program. The government hopes that after completing education, they can immediately prepare themselves to enter the world of work. So that college graduates are ready to use. Both enter the world of work and the world of entrepreneurship. So that there will be no more unemployment in Indonesia, because young people are ready to compete in the national and international arena. So that it can welcome the era of the industrial revolution 5.0.

Analysis of Digital Legal Acceptance based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3)

This study aims to analyze the acceptance of the PeduliLindungi application from a public perspective using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) concept. The government requires the PeduliLindung application to track community activities through the Decree of the Minister of Communication and Informatics No. 171 of 2020. The Indonesian government hopes that this application records the mobility of infected patients and becomes a solution to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. However, PeduliLindungi is a new application that developed after the pandemic. Thus, the user acceptance of this app is questionable. This is a survey analysis from 102 respondents using Structural Equation Model-PLS. The results found that perceived usefulness, system failure, and social influences affect the user intent of the PeduliLindungi app while perceived ease of use is not. This app was applicable to record individual movement as virus prevention in the future. This is a contribution to theory and practice in economics and business. In theory, this research provides a new and more comprehensive view of fundamental human behaviour idea. In practice, this research is able to measure the effectiveness of government regulations in responding to an unexpected global crisisKeywords: Behavioral Intention, Technology Acceptance Model, PeduliLindungi App

Spatial spillover effect of green finance on economic development, environmental pollution, and clean energy production across China.

Although the extensive development model carries China's economy at the forefront of the world, it has brought great environmental pollution problems. The Chinese government hopes to control environmental pollution through green finance and achieve high-quality economic development. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2009 to 2019, this paper examines the impact of green finance (GF) on China's high-quality economic development (EQD), environmental pollution (EP), and clean energy production (CEP). In order to study the spatial impact of GF, we put spatial geographic factors into the analysis category, and use the spatial Durbin model to empirically examine the spatial effect of GF on EQD, EP, and CEP. It is found that GF can promote EQD and curb EP in China. However, GF also weakens China's CEP.

From hope to disappointment? Following the ‘Taking Place’ and ‘Organisation’ of hope in ‘Building Back Better’ from COVID-19

Rapid economic stimulus in response to COVID-19, typically based on ‘shovel-ready’ infrastructure, has opened up new political spaces of hope to ‘Build Back Better’ and transform economies. This research seeks to link the public ‘taking place’ of hope, representing the aspirations of various groups for investment or change stimulated by this fund, with the less visible ways governments ‘organise’ hope, the expert, technical processes and rationalities that help determine which hopes become realised and why. Using the Aotearoa New Zealand ‘shovel-ready’ fund as a case study, and drawing upon press releases, media, Official Information requests, and Cabinet documents, we first provide a discourse analysis of the various government and non-government hopes that became attached to this stimulus. We then trace how these became translated into project proposals, before unpacking and analysing the urgent processes developed to assist political decision makers. While crises and hope can be positioned as having significant disruptive potential, we reveal how this was stifled by the technical processes and practices of the processual world enacted at the national scale, which was given significant power. Further, although public discourses reflected a plurality of multi-scalar and temporal hopes for investment, in practice the less visible organisation privileged a much more business-as-usual approach. Consequently, any government aspirations for transformation were rendered less likely due to the processes they themselves established. Overall, we emphasise the need for those committed to reform to bring technical processes and rational practices to greater prominence in order to reveal and challenge their power.

A CRITICAL CONTENT ANALYSIS ON INDONESIAN LANGUAGE SUBJECT LEARNING OUTCOMES OF “MERDEKA” CURRICULUM

The “Merdeka” Curriculum issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia received several responses from education practitioners. This curriculum is optional to be implemented. However, it is also necessary to review the aspects in it. This curriculum only lists Learning Outcomes without describing Basic Competencies. The government hopes that teachers will develop Basic Competencies and indicators according to the conditions of their respective schools.
 This study aims to critically analyze Learning Outcomes in Elementary Indonesian Language Subjects. The method used is a qualitative method. The findings are that the CP in the Indonesian Language Subject is divided into 3 phases. Phase A is for grades 1 and 2 SD, phase B is for grades 3 and 4 SD, Phase 3 is for grades 5 and 6 SD. Learning Outcomes include language skills, communicating and reasoning, understanding informative texts, and mastering new vocabulary, and writing structured texts.

PENGARUH INSTRUMEN KEUANGAN SYARIAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA

The growth of Islamic finance in Indonesia has experienced very significant growth. The Indonesian government hopes that the financial sector will become an important instrument in promoting economic growth in Indonesia, but it seems that the percentage of economic growth in Indonesia has declined over the past decade. This study aims to analyze the impact of Islamic financial instruments on economic growth in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative method with an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model analysis tool. The results of this study show that all Islamic financial instrument variables have a negative effect on economic growth in the short term. Meanwhile, in the long term, all independent variables have a positive effect on economic growth except for Sharia Mutual Funds which show a negative effect and Sharia Bank Financing and Sharia Stocks have no effect on economic growth in Indonesia. Thus, it can be concluded that Islamic financial instruments in the long term have a positive influence on encouraging economic growth in Indonesia.

Work Agreement on Outsourcing System and Legal Protection for Workers

The outsourcing work system is expected to provide legal protection for workers. The status of the employment relationship between the worker and the employer is stated in the Employment Agreement (SPK). The purpose of this study is to determine the advantages of implementing an outsourcing work contract model for companies, legal protection for workers with an outsourcing work contract model, and the efforts that the government has made in anticipating the emergence of industrial relations disputes between outsourced workers and labor supply companies and employers' companies. The method used is normative juridical, using secondary data as the primary data as supporting data. Secondary data was obtained by conducting a literature study through literature and legislation. The analysis was carried out qualitatively. The results of this study found that for companies to cost of production efficiency (cost of production), the government hopes to provide benefits to develop and encourage community economic growth and national economic growth. In the practice of outsourcing, wage discrimination often occurs between permanent workers who work for the principal company (employer company) and outsourcing workers (contract workers), continuing work with a contract work system. Protection for workers is provided by the existence of labor law because, by law, it means that there is a state guarantee to provide decent work to protect it in the workplace, such as health, work safety, and living wages. Apart from that, it is also up to the provision of social security after retirement, through trade unions or labor unions, providing legal assistance in case of problems, both in terms of non-judicial legal remedies and judicial legal efforts.

Ranchers or pastoralists? Farm size, specialisation and production strategy amongst cattle farmers in south-eastern Kazakhstan

Against the global trend towards sedentary, specialised and feed-intensive cattle farming, we explore current patterns of production in Kazakhstan’s traditionally nomadic livestock sector. Experts see considerable potential for output expansion, and the government hopes to promote the sector as an alternative to revenues from hydrocarbons. Which production systems emerge will determine the use of the country’s vast pastoral resources, patterns of economic contribution from livestock and future greenhouse gas emissions. We focus on the beef sector, using original survey data and interviews from south-eastern Kazakhstan to compare rural households and farms by production strategy, generated using cluster analysis from data on livestock holdings, fodder provision and grazing. We examine in particular the relationships between farm size and the characteristics identified. We find that, rather than being specialised and intensive, larger farms tend to be highly diversified in terms of stock species, are more mobile and provide fewer supplements per head than smaller farms. Winter pastures appear to be a key resource associated with larger operations. Many large farms provide fodder mainly as low-quality roughage, although a subset with better access to cropland provide higher quality rations and fatten cattle before sale. Medium-sized farms lack either winter pasture bases or cropland for growing supplements, but proximity to markets enables some to compensate through fodder purchases. Inability to access government support, available only to large farms, hampers their expansion. Farmers’ professional background, distance from markets and environmental conditions are all associated with the production systems observed. In terms of policy, high transaction costs associated with leaseholds and lack of transferability between farmers impede access to land. Current pasture access mechanisms and institutions almost entirely exclude small farms and households. Changes in these systems, combined with infrastructure development, may bring economic, social and environmental benefits for the livestock sector and rural communities.