Government Discourse Research Articles

위기의 학교학 : 미래 학교교육의 가능성과 한계성에 관한 연구

This study was to regard the new crisis faced by school education as a crisis of existence value, and in order to overcome the crisis, the source of the problem was derived from schoolism and dismantled. In addition, as an alternative, a plan for the transfer of the school science paradigm was proposed, focusing on the philosophy of Erudition. The crisis in school education began with the deterioration of school science paradigm. Schoolismwas originally a part of pedagogy and a valid paradigm born for the professionalism, fairness, and science of school education. However, the political desire to make school the whole of human education has changed school science Paradigm. Schoolism tried to dominate schools by utilizing hypocritical capitalism, perjury meritocracy, and disguised democracy. To this end, the school's governance structure was formed using the logic of tests, averages, and competition. The school faced a crisis of existence and abolition due to the absoluteness, rationality, and fiction of the subject for the formation of political domination discourse in school science paradigm. This study dismantled these governance discourses by applying the socio-philosophical thinking system, and revealed their fictional intentions and contents. In addition, this study suggested that an educational paradigm based on the philosophy of Erudrition should be established for the paradigm shift of schoolism. Schoolism based on erudition education to realize human eruditing instincts, transfer meaning and useful knowledge, and realize the integrity of the whole thing. School studies based on erudition should be an academic paradigm that determines and acts that not a single student gives up based on students' awe of erudition. Otherwise, the school argued that it could not overcome a new crisis.

The (re)definition of national identity through security policies from 2016 onwards. A Comparative study of governmental discourse between France and the UK

While some argue that a growing global mobility as well as international norms and cooperation led to weakened national citizenship and identity, this paper analyses the way the French and British governments, from 2015 onwards, “renationalised” their approach to citizenship and the national community, in an attempt to respond to different crises, such as Brexit or terrorist attacks. It offers a comparison in the way France’s and Britain’s governments interpret, mobilise and respond to identity divides, -through the analysis of their discourse and policies on citizenship, security and the fight against extremism. This study also looks at the purposes and the consequences of this phenomenon of “renationalisation” in governmental discourse and security policies.

On the Consecutive Interpreting of Chinese Governmental Discourse from the Perspective of Adaptation Theory: The Interpreting of Premier Li Keqiang Meets the Press in 2022 as an Example

The consecutive interpreting of governmental discourse shoulders the responsibility to represent the official stance of the country, and the seriousness of the discourse puts forward higher standards for interpreting output: interpreters should reasonably choose and adapt to various internal and external factors of both the source language and target language in order to assume the role of an accurate, authoritative, and immediate intermediary of information transfer. Adaptation theory just provides interpreters with standards for making choices and adaptations. Taking Verschueren’s adaptation theory as the theoretical framework, this study analyzes the consecutive interpreting of Premier Li Keqiang Meets the Press in 2022, a representative example of consecutive interpreting of Chinese governmental discourse, from the angles of contextual correlates of adaptability, structural objects of adaptability, and salience of the adaptation processes, aiming to explore how could interpreters adapt through language choices in Chinese governmental discourse, and to reveal the adaptation theory’s role as the standard and guidance for consecutive interpreting.

Revolutionary Culture and Construction of Progressive International Communication Discourse of the CPC Governance

Revolutionary Culture and Construction of Progressive International Communication Discourse of the CPC Governance

School retention in the Chilean governmental discourse: Documentary analysis after 20 years of the Free and Compulsory Secondary Education Law

Resumen La retención escolar ha cobrado relevancia en el discurso gubernamental chileno, especialmente desde la promulgación, hace casi 20 años, de la Ley de Gratuidad y Obligatoriedad de la Enseñanza Media, enfocada en garantizar las trayectorias educativas de toda la población. Considerando esto, y que las cifras de deserción siguen presentes en el país, cabe analizar cómo se conceptualiza la retención escolar según el Gobierno Central. En consecuencia, el presente estudio busca dar respuesta a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuáles son las conceptualizaciones de retención escolar que se manejan en los documentos gubernamentales? Para ello, desde un enfoque cualitativo, se realizó una revisión documental de todos los archivos emitidos desde la promulgación de la Ley, utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido categorial temático. Se encontraron definiciones directas y explícitas de la retención como capacidad sistémica e institucional, así como indirectas, asociadas a términos como asistencia y trayectoria educativa exitosa. Los hallazgos revelan la importancia de la retención en los documentos oficiales, entendida como un fenómeno complejo y multicausal que requiere de acciones concretas para su efectividad.

Dialogical Analysis of Children’s Booklet “Coronavírus - Vamos nos Proteger”: Tensions between Scientific-Preventive and Political Governmental Discourses

Resumo Este artigo objetiva analisar o entrelaçamento valorativo de discursos na constituição da “Cartilha para crianças: Coronavírus - vamos nos proteger”, do Ministério da Saúde, a partir de relações dialógicas tensas entre orientações preventivas para enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 e outros discursos político-governamentais. Balizam a discussão os estudos dialógicos da linguagem, à luz dos escritos de Bakhtin e o Círculo, e pesquisas contemporâneas em Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD). Os resultados apontam que, em suas dimensões sócio-histórica, cultural, ideológica e verbo-visual, a confluência semântico-axiológica entre o já dito e o porvir na Cartilha engendra um discurso político-governamental legitimado por refrações híbridas das esferas ideológicas pública, científica e cotidiana, num todo valorativo do qual emergem discursos de acessibilidade dos cidadãos à orientação e à assistência médica pelo SUS/governo; eufemização das consequências da doença; negação de sua gravidade; negação da perduração do status pandêmico; proteção familiar e governamental à criança e ao idoso, dentre outros.

Rebel governance or governance in rebel territory? Extraction and services in Ndélé, Central African republic

ABSTRACT Rebel governance assumes a symbiotic relationship between coercion and public goods provision. However, in the rebel-held town of Ndélé, Central African Republic, we find that governance happens in rebel-held territory, but rarely by rebels. Rebels allowed other actors to provide services for the people only when this did not hinder rebels extracting political clout and economic benefit from the people and their lands. We show how rebels’ extractive ambitions and governance discourses evolved during successive stages of rebellion through a diachronic comparison rooted in multimethod fieldwork from 2018 to 2022. We ask, why were rebel groups able to set up their rule, then rule for seven years, before ultimately losing power? Rebels evoked public goods at the onset of rebellion to justify the use of coercive means. After rebel rule was established, rebels outsourced public goods to international and state actors allowing for governance in rebel-held territory while focussing their own efforts on extraction. When their rule was challenged, rebels targeted governance actors and spaces in their territory in pursuit of economic gain and political dominance. Our findings call for a re-evaluation of existing rebel governance studies and the ways in which rebel groups are engaged with.

Praising the leader: personalist legitimation strategies and the deterioration of executive constraints

ABSTRACT In the face of current democratic backsliding and autocratization processes, research has rediscovered issues of autocratic legitimation. However, the question of whether rulers’ personalist rhetoric to bolster their legitimacy is followed by congruent political action remains underspecified. Using new expert-coded measures for 164 countries from the Varieties of Democracy project, we examine the political rhetoric–action link using using fixed effects models. The results confirm that shifts towards personalist legitimacy claims are no cheap talk but oftentimes important warning signals for a substantial deterioration of democratic quality, manifested in weaker judicial and legislative oversight of the executive branch. However, in contrast to much current concern, we show that liberal democracies seem to largely escape the negative repercussions of government discourses that increasingly stress the uniqueness of the ruler.

Racial others & settler colonialism in Israel: migrant rights claims refracted through colonial logics

ABSTRACT From 2006, thousands of migrants crossed into Israel after travelling through the Sinai Desert. The majority came from Eritrea and Sudan, seeking asylum from state violence. Israel’s government classified them as ‘infiltrators’ using a law enacted in 1954 to criminalize Palestinians seeking to return to expropriated lands. Drawing on fieldwork in Israel in 2018–2019, the article examines dimensions of a process of political subjectivation among these migrants and citizens in solidarity with them. It is concerned with the performative effects of a struggle migrants waged for refugee status by contesting their construction in government discourse as infiltrators. It argues their claims became refracted through debates over contours of a fissured collective self, which challenged the limits of political community. While their claims disrupted the order’s dividing lines, the article argues the latter proved durable, that conditions of possibility for disruptive speech are mediated by overlapping structures of colonialism and racializations.

Discourses regarding the sustainability and environmental considerations in physical planning of second homes in Norwegian mountain destinations: a comparison between governmental documents, research literature and the general media

The neoliberal trend in spatial planning seemingly causes the loss of control of spatial plans for destination developments in the mountain regions of southern Norway. The predominant local discourse, as seen in local newspapers and other media, was originally positive to the development of second homes. Changes in development plans have, as in the Skeikampen-destination case, incited strong counter-discourses based on concerns for pasture rights, nature values, and access, in addition to sustainability in general. These discourses create a perception of reality in stark contrast to the central- government discourse, as found in the plan and building act, and governmental documents.

Region work – Institutional activism and the implementation of regional reform

In 2016, the Norwegian government initiated an extensive reform of the regional scale, eventually reducing the number of political-administrative counties from nineteen to eleven through mergers. The territorial and institutional changes that followed can be understood as a partial regional (de/re)institutionalisation process, in which the political and administrative boundaries of the merged counties were reshaped. Using the reform, and particularly the involuntary merger of Troms and Finnmark counties as a case study, this paper examines how regional (de/re)institutionalisation processes are discursively and materially enacted through official government documents. This is achieved by analysing examples of government discourse and discursive practice in a selection of white papers along with draft resolutions and bills. In so doing, the paper explores forms of institutional activism and advocacy associated with the implementation of regional reform, providing the basis for unpacking and discussing a conceptual distinction between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ spaces of regional institutionalisation. By building on previous scholarship around the notion of ‘region work’, the paper contributes conceptually to the theorisation of regional (de/re)institutionalisation processes through the construction of an analytical typology, intended to aid the operationalisation and analysis of agency and practice in the context of regional change. On the basis of the empirical analysis, the paper discusses limitations of institutional activism, as well as the influence of softer institutional advocacy on top-down regionalisation processes.

The role of the Security Council and its authorisation to use force to create normative markers in democratic governance discourses

ABSTRACT This article investigates how international law scholars construct their argument when they argue for the emergence of a new customary norm. It focuses on scholarly writings discussing whether there is an emerging customary norm which requires states to legitimise their governance through democratic rule. By conceptualising international law as a set of narratives, the article concentrates on democratic governance discourses to analyse how scholars resort to the involvement of the Security Council as a narrative technique that provides persuasiveness to their argument. The article argues that international lawyers keep reproducing the same interpretation regarding the involvement of the Security Council in Haiti, Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire, to the extent that these cases have become the normative markers of this narrative. The accretion of several writings upholding the same interpretation of these cases transforms them into normative markers of democratic governance discourses that help to prove an emerging customary norm.

‘Rojava’: Evolving Public Discourse of Kurdish Identity and Governance in Syria

Abstract The Syrian conflict has contributed to major debates in culture, media and politics around transitions linked to borders, ethnicity and identity. Against this backdrop, this article explores the use of ‘Rojava’, a keyword referring to Kurdish-majority areas in the country. It examines the term’s changing meanings and usage against the evolving backdrop of the governance project led by Kurds since the post-2011 power vacuum in North(eastern) Syria. The article identifies how the term has been both operationalized and later abandoned and replaced by other nomenclature while highlighting the implications of these changes on public and political discourse. The term ‘Rojava’ traces its origins to the context of (pan-)Kurdish nationalism, with its literal meaning of ‘western’ (Kurdistan) implying a notion of trans-border Kurdish identity. From this point of departure, the author considers how it has been popularized in anarchist and Western solidarity circles as well as through international media in expressions such as the ‘Rojava experiment’ and ‘Rojava Revolution’. The article unpacks how it has become shorthand in Western media for an ideology of women’s liberation and leftist grassroots governance, as well as considering the term’s less favorable reception in the Arab press, where the word ‘Rojava’ itself is treated as a foreign, and sometimes threatening, concept. Finally, the article presents how from 2016 the Kurdish-led authorities in this region of Syria sought to formally distance themselves from the term they had introduced. This change was due to realpolitik imperatives to re-brand their governance project under the ‘Syrian Democratic’ banner when incorporating non-Kurdish-majority territories (Raqqa, Deir ez-Zor and Menbij). In the context of its official abandonment, the term has nonetheless retained currency in the media as well as popular everyday contexts among Kurds on street level.

Influence of government communication on risk perception. An analysis based on the context of the sixth wave of Covid-19 in Madrid

Risk theorists have frequently discussed the discursive construction of risk perception. In particular, the effect of media consumption on increasing the subjective perception of risk has been highlighted. Not much is known about how government communication affects citizens’ impressions and attitudes in this area, something that this research seeks to address. During the sixth wave of Covid-19, triggered by the emergence of the Omicron variant, government discourse shifted from initial concern to what has become known as the “influenzaisation” paradigm, an attempt to normalise the disease. Based on the results of a survey carried out in January 2022 amongst 664 citizens of the Community of Madrid, we sought to demonstrate, using binary logistic regression (BLR) models, to what extent the degree to which the citizens of Madrid internalised the government’s thesis of “influenzaisation” was related to a lower perception of risk. Similarly, the aim is to show whether agreement with the “influenzaisation” thesis also favoured positions that were less inclined to restrictions, so that government communication succeeded in reducing the social demand for measures. Finally, the study evaluates the predictive character of ideology on levels of risk perception and attitudes towards restrictive measures. The findings indicate that acceptance of the “influenzaisation” story led to a lower perception of risk and, as a consequence, reduced support for restrictive measures among those most exposed to this thesis. The discursive articulation of risk in government communication becomes a central element of crisis management and the strategic formulation of “risk de-escalation” or “post-risk” messages.

Inefficiencies in the delivery of low-income housing in South Africa: is governance the missing link? A review of literature

South Africa is one of the most urbanised and highly industrialised countries in Africa, with over 61% of the population in the urban areas. Moreover, poor access to housing manifests through informal settlements, slums and backyard dwellings mainly in the cities. While several housing policy interventions have been developed, the housing backlog is estimated at more than 2 million. The Covid-19 pandemic has massified problems resultant to shortage of housing, and the quality of housing across income levels, with low-income groups being the most affected. This paper locates governance discourse in housing development, acknowledging that the concept is used both in the academic discourse and general discussions on how institutions manage their business, including broader societal structures. The paper argues that governance is the missing ingredient in the current policy interventions towards delivery of low-income housing in South Africa. Using selected case studies from literature, this paper analyses and discusses low-income housing delivery processes and systems. Key findings are that housing delivery processes largely exclude governance principles primarily stakeholder participation, accountability and transparency. Notable is that government remains the sole actor in the identification and addressing housing needs, and this results in community resistance during implementation of projects.

AI narratives and unequal conditions. Analyzing the discourse of liminal expert voices in discursive communicative spaces

The stories told by expert activists about the relationship between AI and inequality are the focus of this article. It explores internet governance discourse in two fora - RightsCon and Sweden's Internet Days - which, it is argued, comprise a communicative space that is both global and liminal. Narrative analysis is used to map how 30 expert activists from around the world, whose engagement is bound neither to state nor corporate interests, talk about how AI can be understood as a boon or a bane to inequality, both social and communicative. While common themes are in evidence (such as the need to safeguard people's right to own their own data), some noteworthy dissonances are also discernible (such as whether such people should be envisaged as individuals or collectivities). The narratives are critical in that they resist the impetus of rapid, and in some cases unfettered, technological advancement while at the same time pushing back against the apocalyptic AI narratives familiar from popular culture. The study contributes to an understanding of the socio-technico imaginaries of a category of actors who merit more attention than they have been paid by scholars to date. Their expertise grants them authority, and the stories they tell speak of agency.

Autocratic Challenges to International Human Rights Law: A Chinese Case Study

Abstract Drawing on a case study of the implications of China’s atrocities in Xinjiang in the context of China’s historical engagement with UN and its human rights mechanisms, this article examines autocracies’ impact on the institutions and practices of international human rights law. It argues that that rather than creating new law that turns international law as a whole (more) authoritarian, the Chinese party-state is primarily—and even more dangerously—corroding its institutions and practices, while expanding neo-totalitarian governance discourses and practices to the global level. The autocratic corrosion of international human rights law institutions is exacerbated by attempts to weaken accountability under international human rights law from within liberal democracies, amounting to synergic corrosive effects. Yet, the corrosion of practices norms and institutions must not be equated with the elimination of human rights as powerful ideas underpinning responses to the institutional challenges identified here.

Kontestasi Diskursus Ketahanan Pangan Keluarga

This study examines the contestation of food security discourses between actors in farming families in North Tanimbar District, Tanimbar Islands Regency. This research was conducted in North Tanimbar District, Tanimbar Islands Regency, Maluku Province in January-February 2022. This study used a qualitative research design using a constructivist paradigm. The results showed that there are three main actors in the discourse of food security, namely the government, community, and business actors. Each actor seeks to practice their discourse on farming families. When practicing discourse, there is a discourse interaction between actors that is synergistic. However, the most dominant discourse practiced by families is the community discourse, while the government discourse is a compliment and the business actors' discourse is a driver. The novelty of the research results of the contestation of family food security discourses found at the study site is the rationality and synergy efforts of family farmers in meeting family food needs.

What are the roles of regional and local climate governance discourse and actors? Mediated climate change policy networks in Atlantic Canada

AbstractAs a global problem with diverse local and regional impacts, climate change is an inherently multilevel issue. Focusing on Atlantic Canada, we examine regional‐local dimensions of Canadian climate politics, drawing on data from six legacy newspapers (two national outlets, four regional outlets). Claims about the importance of provincial governments and municipalities have low levels of media visibility and are more salient in regional news outlets. However, federal, provincial, local government and political party sources articulate the ideas that regional and local actors have important roles to play in climate action. While these ideas are not highly visible, they are diffuse and high consensus across multilevel political, civil society, and other actors. Articulations of the importance of regional and local climate governance tend to connect this with issues of carbon pricing and other economic dimensions of climate governance. While a few municipal actors are highly visible in the mediated policy network, local policy actors tend to receive little visibility in either national or regional media spheres. By contrast, regional actors from provincial governments and political parties are among the top tier of actors in both national and provincial media. Our analysis highlights the significance of regional political arenas and actors that have received less attention than national governments or municipalities as sites of climate governance.

DEVELOPMENT POLICY INNOVATION IN INDONESIA: THE APPLICATION OF SMART RURAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST VILLAGES

The study of village development is currently popular in political and government discourse in Indonesia. The innovative steps in village development in Indonesia is the application of the smart rural concept. Smart rural is defined as a rural area that is built sustainably with a potential specialization approach, the use of technology, and a bottom-up planning process to improve the regional economy. Therefore, this study will try to look at the development of smart rural areas in Indonesia with focus on developing smart rural-based villages and tourism, precisely in Hanura Village, and Harapan Jaya Village, Pesawaran Regency. The research was conducted by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are: the Innovation Program for the Prosperous Village Movement (GaDIS) in Jarapan Jaya Village has the aim of creating a strong and independent village in the business unit under the Village Owned Enterprise (BUMDes) that utilizes the local potential of the village (tourism), the use of technology, and the GaDIS Program to encourage community empowerment which leads to increased community welfare. The commitment of BUMDes managers, tourism awareness groups and economic actors is carried out appropriately based on the business plan of the program’s final destination. Meanwhile, Hanura Village has utilized information technology into its government (smart government). participating communities (smart community), utilizing the environment (smart environment) Synergy in the implementation of smart rural-based development is good, the pattern of good communication relationships, feedback, trust and creativity since planning process to the implementation of the smart rural program.