Governance System Research Articles

Leveraging intergovernmental data sharing for digital transformation in ecological and environmental protection

The data-sharing problem in the digital transformation of ecological environmental protection is a result of complex interactions and continuous strategic interactions among governments. While existing research has focused on the application and impact of digital technologies in ecological environmental protection, there remains a paucity of micro-level investigations into data sharing among different local governments regarding ecological environment protection. Notably, the issue of data barriers between local governments is particularly prominent. This paper analyzes the data-sharing problem in the digital transformation of ecological environmental protection through an evolutionary game model involving central and local governments, providing new perspectives and methods for understanding and improving data sharing and governance of ecological environmental protection, thereby promoting the digital transformation of the ecological environmental governance system and governance capacity. It finds that six stable equilibrium strategies can form based on local government participation levels, with the superior government's active promotion and regulation being crucial for achieving stable, multi-party participation. Key factors include the superior government's administrative costs and incentives, and local governments' benefits, costs, and risk considerations. The study highlights the importance of benefit-sharing rules and provides optimization strategies for enhancing intergovernmental data sharing.

Authoritarian environmentalism 2.0: An incremental transition of environmental governance in China

The recent policy practice in China has shown nuanced differences from previous accounts of authoritarian environmentalism. The emerging discourse of green transformation shows dual tendencies for (re-)centralizing and decentralizing environmental institutions. Our understanding of authoritarian environmentalism in China requires an update. We review the recent policy practice and the scholarly literature to advance a modified framework of authoritarian environmentalism. Using the Central Environmental Inspection Teams and emissions trading schemes as examples, we highlight the coordinated practice of strengthening state control while strategically using mass mobilization and market mechanisms. We argue that non-state actors and bottom-up tools are being absorbed into the politics of (re-)centralization. The centralizing state accommodates a limited range of participatory and decentralizing elements in an attempt to modernize the governance system. Our modified framework recognizes the mutually reinforcing authoritarian and liberal elements, and sheds light on the broader trends of environmental governance in China.

Expanding infrastructure ontologies: Integrative and critical insights for coastal studies and governance

Diverse knowledge insights are essential to inform action on bringing about transformations in how societies live with changing Earth, ocean and coastal systems. However, knowledge forms typically used in governance systems are stubbornly limited. This paper analyzes the extent to which an expanding ontology of the concept of ‘infrastructure’ can contribute to building more integrated knowledge for governance in ocean and coastal contexts. This paper asks: What can creative and critical engagement with infrastructure thinking offer to efforts to bring together diverse forms of knowledge and to develop more effective and ethical governance in changing coastal contexts? Employing a qualitative assessment of how the concept of infrastructure is defined in multiple disciplines and contexts, the paper identifies three heuristic types of structures, things and processes that can collectively inform interdisciplinary dialogue and governance dialogue: (i) built/physical infrastructure, (ii) environmental infrastructure, and (iii) societal/cultural infrastructure. Drawing on insights from critical infrastructure studies and more-than-human perspectives, the paper then identifies ontological and methodological challenges of integration, values, and power/agency for those who engage a multi-faceted conception of infrastructure to frame analysis and action. Bringing these insights together, the paper argues that infrastructure thinking provides a means to facilitate interdisciplinary dialogue, and a useful lens with which to analytically integrate diverse forms of knowledge about/in ocean and coastal contexts. However, cautious and critical perspectives are needed to support efforts in (re)thinking and integrating for collective action and governance.

AI governance systems: a multi-scale analysis framework, empirical findings, and future directions

AI governance systems: a multi-scale analysis framework, empirical findings, and future directions

Building a framework to drive government systems' adoption of cloud computing through IT knowledge

abstractMany governments in developing countries are finding it challenging to integrate cloud computing into their e-government systems because of the limited effective identification and evaluation of important factors. Cloud computing usage in government organizations is still restricted due to concerns over security, regulatory challenges, cultural resistance to new technologies, infrastructure limitations, and other factors (Abied et al. in Sustainability 14:15590, 2022). This research suggests a model that analyses the factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing in e-government systems within Jordanian government organizations by decision-makers. The survey was distributed online to a purposive sample consisting of 373 IT professionals and top-level managers in government organizations in Jordan. The study demonstrates that the technological factors which include complexity, compatibility, relative advantage, and security, the organisational factors which consist of top management support and cost, and the environmental factors which include industry competition and government rules and regulations, had a significant and positive impact on the adoption of cloud-based services in government systems. Furthermore, IT knowledge held by decision makers was recognized as a key factor in the adoption of cloud computing for e-government systems. This research is anticipated to provide significant insights for any organizations making investment decisions about the use of cloud-based services. This research considers the assessment of multiple aspects to encourage top management to analyse the consequences of implementing cloud services for e-government systems. This case study might not be applied broadly to all types of organizations in Jordan. Future research should employ large-scale samples to ensure the study's representativeness and could also broaden the scope by including samples from similar countries to validate the model or its implementation across different cultures, IT infrastructure and geographical settings. In addition, it is recommended that upcoming research consider using the level of experience and education as moderators.

MEASURING GLOBALIZATION: ANALYZING INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION (IOHE) THROUGH STEM EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN

The concepts of 'internationalization' and 'globalization' are closely intertwined, impacting both tangible and intangible aspects of higher education. Internationalization refers to the internal transformations that occur within an educational setting as a result of frequent cross-border interactions within a local governmental system. Currently, developing countries like Pakistan are adapting and shaping their higher education systems in response to the global knowledge economy but neglecting the introduction of STEM education in the areas of social sciences like mathematics, statistics, entrepreneurship, IT, and other courses that are considered the need of time may leads to lack social scientist’s ability to estimate & forecasting and critically evaluate the situations as these deficiencies lead to reduce the cognitive skill of the workforce. This qualitative study employed Wallenstein’s World System analysis framework to examine student mobility and educational policy aspects in Pakistan critically. The findings suggest that the internationalization of higher education may lead to unequal exchange of educational services between core and peripheral countries in the global system.

FROM THE CONCEPT OF “STATE” AND “SON OF HEAVEN” IN CONFUCIANISM TO THE CONCEPT OF “STATE” AND “NATION” IN NGUYEN TRAI'S THOUGHT

This article analyzes the transformation in Vietnamese political thought from the concept of “state” associated with the “Son of Heaven” in Confucianism to the concept of “nation” in Nguyen Trai's ideology. The focus is on comparing Confucian thought, which regards the “state” as a part of the governance system of the “Son of Heaven,” with Nguyen Trai's perspective, who expanded the notion of “state” into an independent national ideology, affirming Dai Viet as a sovereign nation with its own identity. The study clarifies the inheritance and development of Nguyen Trai's thoughts on “state” and “nation” regarding national sovereignty, the concept of “governing the state,” the philosophy of “humanity and righteousness,” and his approach to diplomatic relations. Using historical and logical methods, the article demonstrates the evolution of Nguyen Trai's thought while illuminating his unique contributions to the construction of the national ideology of Dai Viet. The expected results affirm the timeless vision of Nguyen Trai and provide insights into the formation of the concepts of independence and sovereignty in Vietnamese history. Keywords: Nguyen Trai; Confucianism; Dai Viet; nation; territory.

New urbanization; Urban resilience; Coupled coordination model; Huaihe River Basin

Contemporary China's pension system revolves around the allocation and acquisition of pension resources, relying on the enforcement of political power as a guarantee, and is closely integrated with the formulation of laws to form a normative system. This system is composed of a variety of specific systems, and the sub-systems are interconnected and complementary in function, forming a comprehensive pension security network. In the process of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, the pension field needs to achieve a benign governance model, which requires a complete pension system as a support. Under the framework of the existing political system and constitutional system, the basic governance logic remains unchanged. To further promote the development of the pension system, the key lies in optimizing the pension legal system and establishing an effective coordination mechanism between laws and systems. Specifically, it is necessary to start from the following aspects: first, reconstruct the pension legal system with a coordinated and development approach, enhance the fairness of the pension legal system on the basis of objectively analyzing the social situation, and ensure the sustainability of social pension security; second, optimize the pension legal system from the perspective of national strategic layout, including improving the form of family pension responsibility and accelerating the legalization of social pension security; finally, strengthen the development of pension laws by giving full play to the leading role of the National People's Congress in legislation and improving the review mechanism of administrative normative documents. Only in this way can we form a modern system to deal with the issue of elderly care under the increasingly severe aging situation.

Postseparation Financial Abuse Perpetrated Through Government Systems: A Survey of Australian Mothers' Experiences of Child Support.

Financial abuse is a form of violence that can extend well beyond intimate partner relationship breakdown. A survey of 540 Australian separated parents examined how financial abuse was perpetrated, with a focus on child support and other government systems. Women reported that their ex-partners minimized and withheld child support payments to inflict direct financial harm, while interactions between the family court, taxation, and benefit payment systems were taken advantage of to threaten or control them. Findings revealed how the mandatory and complex Australian child support system provided perpetrators with a useful means of perpetrating financial abuse across households.

Нормативные и практические аспекты политического участия и самоуправления граждан: анализ кейса (по материалам исследования органов местного самоуправления в Сургутском районе)

Citizen participation in local self-governance is a crucial factor in shaping democracy at the municipal level. This process exhibits a dual nature: the population serves as an intermediary between state and local authorities while simultaneously facilitating the implementation of direct and feedback mechanisms within the governance system. By examining the settlements in the Surgut District, we traced the mechanisms through which citizens are engaged in local self-governance by utilizing various forms of participation provided for in fundamental regulatory acts, such as settlement charters. The analysis of the collected data revealed two significant trends in the development of civic participation practices. The first trend is the depoliticization of civic activity; the second is the widening gap between the normative regulation of citizen participation in self-governance and the actual development of its mechanisms. According to the authors, these trends are driven by the increasing importance of administrative control in the context of building a unified power vertical.

THE SHEPHERD COMMUNITY OF THE ALBANIAN ALPS: PERSPECTIVE ON THE IMPORTANCE OF PRESERVING TRANSHUMANCE PRACTICES

This study, part of a request for UNESCO to protect the practice of transhumance, provides a reflection carried out by shepherds in dialogue with pastoral agents who have accompanied them for several years. The dynamics of transhumance, a multi-millennial practice, links to a group of populations and a particular civilisation characterised by a historical, linguistic, cultural and social specificities. Transhumant pastoralism belongs to their cultural identity. Considering current governance systems, the problem exposed will be studied according to what constitutes the phenomenon of transhumance and its historical evolution. How are the shepherds situated in terms of resilience and resistance? What are their vulnerabilities and their capacities for adaptation? What is their conception of appropriate governance while respecting their traditional culture? This text intends to give some answers that they provided. This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ .

Catalysing Environmental Action: a Governance Framework for Enhancing Individual Participation in Sub-Saharan Africa's Plastic Circular Economy.

Plastic waste poses a significant challenge to achieving sustainable production and consumption of resources, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where effective governance and waste management systems are lacking. In this paper, we develop an empirical understanding of the influence of public governance system on promoting circular economy (CE) for plastic actions among individuals. Through a survey of 1475 participants across five sub-Saharan African countries, we tested five hypotheses drawing on New Governance Theory and CE Action Recipe to explore the relationship between governance and individual's actions supporting CE for plastic. We found that a governance system that supports CE practices and exhibits governance efficiency is positively associated with individuals' actions supporting CE for plastic. The awareness of government policies, laws and regulations, institutions, processes, and programmes have a significant impact on individuals' engagement in plastic circularity practices. The paper's theoretical and governance implications highlight the relevance of public governance in shaping action towards a CE for plastic at the individual level.

Use of Digital Technologies for the Conduct of Work in the Government System Based on the Demans of the Current Times

This article deals with the issues of ensuring the safety of the population in the residences of citizens. It is planned to implement an electronic platform that allows for quick collection and analysis of information on the technical and social condition of residential areas. These strategies focus on digital transformation in the national economy, industry, and society. In Uzbekistan, significant steps have been taken to implement modern information and communication technologies (ICT) in public administration, education, healthcare, and agriculture. One notable challenge addressed in this study is the management of carbon monoxide poisoning, fire hazards, and explosions during the heating season. The research highlights the limitations of manual data collection, including the risk of data loss, difficulty in locating information, and inefficiencies in processing critical safety data. The program processes data in less than a minute, facilitating more efficient emergency management and preventive measures. This system exemplifies the role of digital technology in enhancing public safety and optimizing government operations.

How do heavily polluting firms cope with dual environmental regulation? A study from the perspective of financial asset allocation

In view of the current debate on the relationship between environmental regulation and firm financial asset allocation (FFAA), this study explores the compound effect of binding environmental regulation (BER) and public environmental engagement (PEE) on FFAA. The results show that the single constraint of BER cannot effectively inhibit FFAA, and that the governance effect can only be produced in coordination with PEE. In particular, in state-owned enterprises, areas with a high marketization level, and areas with strong environmental supervision, the synergistic governance effect of dual environmental regulation is more obvious. The inhibition effect mainly depends on the reduction of long-term FFAA, and can simultaneously improve firms' economic and environmental benefits. A mechanism analysis finds that strengthening firm research and development (R&D) innovation and improving total factor productivity are important channels through which dual environmental regulation can collaboratively govern firms to avoid the shift from the real economy to the virtual economy. This study provides new insights for the analysis of the real economy from the perspective of environmental regulation, and also serves as a reference for the improvement of multiple collaborative environmental governance systems.

The Procedural Rules of Environmental Administrative Public Interest Litigation Have Been Improved

Environmental administrative public interest litigation plays an important role in promoting the construction of modern environmental governance system and enhancing the ability of ecological environmental protection and governance. However, since the formal establishment of environmental administrative public interest litigation system is relatively late, it is still in the exploratory stage. Therefore, in practice, the main body of environmental administrative public interest litigation is too simple, the judgment criteria for the commencement of litigation proceedings are controversial, and the consultation mechanism in the pre-litigation procedure is not perfect. Based on the fundamental position of ecological protection, considering the particularity of environmental damage and combining with some typical environmental administrative public interest litigation cases, it is proposed to improve the procedural rules of environmental administrative public interest litigation by appropriately expanding the scope of litigation subjects, taking behavioral standards as the judgment criteria for performing duties according to law, and strengthening the consultation provisions of both parties in pre-litigation procedures.

Limitation of Human Rights and Freedoms amid New Global Challenges (Lessons from the Pandemic)

Globalization has had far-reaching effects on all key spheres of public life, leading to mixed outcomes, both positive and negative. One of the recent global trends is the fast and large-scale spread of viral infections, which has profoundly reshaped the economic landscapes, political environments, and government systems of most states. As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, governments worldwide were forced to impose unprecedented restrictions that interfered with fundamental human rights, such as the freedom of movement and speech, to curb the virus spread. It sparked rigorous debate among the academic community and practicing lawyers. This article overviews the measures taken by Russia and other states in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The obtained results highlight the need to legally establish new conceptual frameworks related to disease control, as well as to develop clear legal guidelines on optional and mandatory steps that public authorities should take in order to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population. Therefore, it was concluded that certain legal provisions must be specified to define the grounds and extent to which the rights and freedoms of citizens can be limited in case of viral epidemics.

Optimization of Electronic-Based Government System Architecture (SPBE) In The Application Architecture Domain In XYZ District

The Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) is a government administration that utilizes information and communication technology to provide services to SPBE Users as stipulated in Presidential Regulation No. 95 of 2018. SPBE aims to create an integrated government business process between Central Agencies and Regional Governments, form a complete government unit and produce bureaucracy and high-performance public services. To support the implementation of SPBE, the National SPBE architecture is compiled as a detailed guide that covers technical and methodological aspects, ensuring the integration of government electronic systems. This architecture provides convenience in increasing efficiency and effectiveness, as well as being a guide for SPBE governance in Central Agencies and Regional Governments. The XYZ Regency Government has implemented the SPBE architecture as the basis for implementation in its area. This study analyzes the SPBE architecture in XYZ Regency based on the National SPBE architecture to provide optimization recommendations on the application architecture domain. Despite the existence of Presidential Regulation Number 95 of 2018 and Number 132 of 2022, the preparation of government architecture in Indonesia still faces challenges due to the lack of clear guidance. More detailed references are needed as derivatives of existing regulations to ensure consistent and optimal implementation, help agencies understand and implement the SPBE architecture, so that digital transformation towards Indonesia 4.0 is achieved by 2040.

Like stepping into a spaceship

The Swedish teacher education has undergone numerous reforms and is currently heavily influenced by neo-liberal governance, which shapes the internal work for different kinds of teacher educators. The study focuses on how a group of adjunct lecturers within a regional university college, experienced their initial period in the profession of teacher education programs in Sweden. The study departs from Seeman’s theoretical framework. The findings indicate that adjuncts lecturers do not feel that their knowledge is being appreciated or valued within the organization. The adjuncts lecturers are driven by a desire to contribute relevant professional knowledge, teach, and serve as good role models for teacher students. From this, conflict arises—mainly due to a governance system which heavily emphasizes standards, documentation, and high academic expectations. In conclusion, the study reveals how the organization's demands may differ from what adjunct lecturers anticipate, potentially leading to various forms of work conditions and alienation.

Synergies quantification and evolution on air pollutant and CO2 emissions driven by different socio-economic effects

Realizing a synergistic reduction of air pollutant and CO2 emissions (APCE) is an important approach to promote a green socio-economic transformation in China, and it can provide a solid foundation for the achievement of clean energy production and climate action under a sustainable development goal framework. The objective of this study is to explore the quantitative relationship and evolution of synergies between APCE in industrial sectors driven by different socio-economic effects from 2007 to 2020 in China. The results indicated that the main sectors of pollutant emissions had consistency, however, large differences in the reduction efficiency of emissions exist among pollutants. The efficiency in reducing CO2 emissions was about 48% lower when compared with reductions of SO2 (95%), NOx (86%), and smoke and dust (83%) emissions from 2007 to 2020. The effects of improved technology were the main contributor to a reduction in pollutant emissions, but the synergies between APCE driving by it were not achieved. While the synergies between APCE driven by structure and final demand effects were significant. The synergies between NOx and CO2 emissions were stronger driven by final demand structure and type effects, with correlation coefficients of 1.06 and 1.13, respectively. Besides, the degree of synergistic reduction between APCE in most industrial sectors was around zero. Therefore, the efficiency of synergistic pollution reduction should be improved with the development of a synergistic governance system for industrial sectors. The structural decomposition analysis based on input-output model combined with the cross-elasticity analysis method to quantitively synergies between APCE from the consumption (demand) perspective, considering the connections between industrial sectors with socio-economic developing, which would contribute to the industrial synergistic reduction and green transformation as the consumption driven gradually increasing.

In sovereignty’s shadow: The limitations of decentralisation under federalism and multilevel approaches to governance

The focus of this paper is to outline how the foundational approach of decentralisation inherent in federalist and multilevel governance (MLG) systems is incompatible with the indivisible nature of sovereign authority. Via an examination of the structural elements of these systems, their strengths and weaknesses, and an evaluation of the concept of sovereignty, this paper posits that the requirement for an identifiable central sovereign power in governance remains immovable, despite attempts to diffuse this power across multiple actors and governing levels. It further posits that attempts to divide this sovereign power ultimately destroy it, creating governing crises by delegitimising and undermining governmental authority across all levels. An evaluation of the evidence presented supports this contention and raises numerous questions that bear further consideration.