Good Self-care Research Articles

Trajectory of self-care behaviour in patients with heart failure: the impact on clinical outcomes and influencing factors.

Background:Patients’ self-care behaviour is still suboptimal in many heart failure (HF) patients and underlying mechanisms on how to improve self-care need to be studied.Aims:(1) To describe the trajectory of patients’ self-care behaviour over 1 year, (2) to clarify the relationship between the trajectory of self-care and clinical outcomes, and (3) to identify factors related to changes in self-care behaviour.Methods:In this secondary analysis of the COACH-2 study, 167 HF patients (mean age 73 years) were included. Self-care behaviour was assessed at baseline and after 12 months using the European Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour scale. The threshold score of ⩾70 was used to define good self-care behaviour.Results:Of all patients, 21% had persistent poor self-care behaviour, and 27% decreased from good to poor. Self-care improved from poor to good in 10%; 41% had a good self-care during both measurements. Patients who improved self-care had significantly higher perceived control than those with persistently good self-care at baseline. Patients who decreased their self-care had more all-cause hospitalisations (35%) and cardiovascular hospitalisations (26%) than patients with persistently good self-care (2.9%, p < 0.05). The prevalence of depression increased at 12 months in both patients having persistent poor self-care (0% to 21%) and decreasing self-care (4.4% to 22%, both p < 0.05).Conclusion:Perceived control is a positive factor to improve self-care, and a decrease in self-care is related to worse outcomes. Interventions to reduce psychological distress combined with self-care support could have a beneficial impact on patients decreasing or persistently poor self-care behaviour.

Self-care practices among type II diabetics in rural area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu.

Introduction:Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent noncommunicable diseases in India. The acute and chronic complications of diabetes impact the physical, mental, and social well-being of the patients, thereby, placing a major burden on the health care system. Studies have shown that adequate self-care practices among the patients will facilitate good glycemic control and prevent complications.Objectives:To study the patterns of self-care practice among diabetic patients and the factors associated with them.Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 diabetics in the rural field practice area of a Tertiary Medical College and Hospital in Chennai. The participants were interviewed on their diabetic status and various components of self-care practices adopted from The Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) Measure. Adherence to medication was assessed by using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-4 (MMAS-4).Results:Our study observed that the overall prevalence of good self-care practices was very low (5.6%). Moderate self-care practices were prevalent in 42% of the study participants whereas the majority (52.4%) of the study population had poor self-care practices. In our study, the association between self-care activity with educational status and occupation was found to be statistically significant. Adherence was high for blood sugar testing (75.2%) and medication (70.4%) in the study population whereas adherence for foot care was poor (17.6%).Conclusion:Our study emphasized on the need for knowledge and awareness to be provided in rural areas regarding diabetes care management and self-care practices. Structured programs need to be planned to improve the attitude and practices of diabetic patients to promote better compliance towards diet, exercise, adherence to drugs, and appropriate foot care.

HUBUNGAN SELF CARE DENGAN KOMPLIKASI DIABETES MELLITUS PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II DI POLI PENYAKIT DALAM RSUD DOKTER MOHAMAD SALEH KOTA PROBOLINGGO

Introduction : Self care is self-care that is done to maintain health in bio-psycho-social-spiritual. Things to do to prevent complications of diabetes mellitus, namely to control blood sugar, take medication regularly, exercise and diet accordingly. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self care and the complications of diabetes mellitus in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the internal medicine poly at Dokter Mohamad Saleh Hospital in Probolinggo City. Metho: The type of research used is correlational analytic research with a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study were type 2 DM patients who visited the internal medicine poly at Mohamad Saleh Hospital on Desember 2018 to Januari 2019 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria as many as 57 respondents whose method of extraction was done by purposive sampling technique. Data collection includes coding, editing and tabulating, then the data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and obtained spearmank with significant value p value 0.05. Results and Analysis: The results of the study showed that of the 57 respondents most of them had good self care, namely as many as 23 respondents (40.3%) and most had no complications, namely as many as 30 respondents (52.6%). The results of the calculation of the spearman statistical test at a significant level of 5 = 0.05 obtained the value of ρ of 0,000 which means that there is a relationship between self care and complications of diabetes mellitus in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Dokter Mohamad Saleh Hospital In Probolinggo City. Discussion : By doing good self-care in daily life it will prevent complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, thus preventing complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Health workers need to provide information and motivation to patients and families to always provide support in apply self care in everyday life.

Self-care Practices of Type 2 Diabetes Patients by Socio-demographic and Clinical Factors: An Ordered Probit Model

Abstract

Self-Care Activities among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Morocco: Prevalence and Determinants

Background: Self-care is an important, though often neglected, area of type 2 diabetes management in lower and middle income countries (LMICs). In Morocco, whilst the evolution of the disease is increasing rapidly, evidence documenting disease self-care patterns remains scarce. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of self-care activities among patients with type 2 diabetes in Morocco, and to identify the factors associated with good self-care practices. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of data of 406 patients aged 30 years old and over, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least 6 months. Self-care activities were assessed using the Moroccan version of the Summary of diabetes self-care activities. Studied factors included socio-demographics, disease features and healthcare use. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression. Results: Mean age was 55.8 ± 11.6 years old. Females represented 68.7% of the respondents. Mean estimates of the frequency of self-care practices exceeded 3.5 days per week for diet, exercise and foot-care; of these, good dietary behavior was the most prevalent (63.6%). In multivariate analysis, females displayed better dietary behavior (OR = 1.81 [1.27 - 2.58]), and less frequent foot care (OR = 1.81 [1.27 - 2.58]) than males. Lower levels of exercise were associated with being female (0.42 [0.26 - 0.68]), and belonging to the higher income category (0.55 [0.34 - 0.88]). Residents in rural areas also reported better exercise practices (1.72 [1.07 - 2.78]). Conclusion: This study draws attention to self-care practices and their determinants in the Moroccan context. Such findings should help in the design, implementation, and evaluation of self-management interventions for people with type 2 diabetes.

The Association of Social Support, Self-Efficacy with the Duration and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Patients of a Malaysian Primary Care Clinic

Introduction: T2DM is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Many factors need to be considered when managing patients with T2DM. Social support and self-efficac y are among the components associated with good diabetic self-care, which in turn lead to good diabetic outcomes. These factors are often overlooked but play an important role in patients’ management. This study aimed to determine the association of social support and diabetic selfefficacy of T2DM patients with the duration and complications of T2DM in a governme nt primary care clinicMethods: This is a cross sectional questionnaire study, involving 329 patients with T2DM in an urban Malaysian primary care clinic, using the Medical Outcome Study (MOS) Social Support Survey and Diabetic Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES). The scores were analysed with clinical characteristic of the patients (duration and complications of T2DM) using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The mean duration of T2DM were 6.2 + 4.8 years, 57.8% of patients had no complications. Majority of patients had only 1 complication (33.1%) and 1 patient had 4 complications (0.3%). The complications were retinopathy (18.2%), nephropathy (14.6%), peripheral neuropathy (12.8%) and cardiovascular complications (4.3%). There was a significant correlation for social support with the duration of T2DM (r= -0.129, p = 0.02). There were no significant findings for the diabetic self-efficacy scores with duration and complications of T2DM.Conclusion: We found a significant negative correlation between the duration of T2DM and social support, which suggests that those with a longer duration of diabetes usually requires lesser social support.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2019 Page: 55

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PERAWATAN DIRI (SELF CARE ACTIVITY) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

This study was to determine the correlation between family support and self-care activity in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus at public health center II west Denpasar. This study employed correlative analytics design with cross sectional study. The population of this study were 131 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There were 99 respondents recruited as the sample of the study which were selected by using non-probability, consecutive sampling technique. The data were collected by using questionnaire and analyzed statistically y using Spearman’s Rho test. The finding of this study showed that there were 59 respondents (56.6%) had moderate family support and 77 respondents (77.8%) had good self-care activity. There was a positive correlation between family support and self-care activity in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (p-value = 0.001; r = 0.370). Good family support could affect self-care activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Family are expected to motivate patient in carry-out self-care activity. Keywords: Family support, Self-care activity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan dan Perawatan Mandiri pada Penderita Filariasis di Kabupaten Wonosobo

Background: Promptly treatment is essential for filariasis patients to reduce permanent disability. Preliminary study of several filariasis patients with swollen leg in Wonosobo regency indicated as delay access to promt treatment which increase the risks of transmision as well as worsen patient’s condition. The purpose of this study was to explore health-seeking behaviour and self-care of patient in Wonosobo regency.Method: This study employs qualitative research using phenomenology approach. Five informants were selected by using criteria as patients with clinically symptomatic swelling leg and willing to participate to this study. The supporting informants were selected to family members and health workers who handle filariasis treatment. All data were analyzed by using content analysis.Results: Most filariasis patients were categorized as low income and having limited knowledge of the disease. They believed that the disease caused by curse so that medical treatment will not cure it and they have desperate with the illness. Psychosocial burden caused them feel anxiety even afraid to be outcasted. Their current condition mostly swollen legs with or without complications and the disease interferes their activity as very painful disease. Although the treatment will reduce pain, but it was only temporary, so that the patients felt that the treatment will be useless. The health seeking behaviour indicated that all patients experienced delay in accessing medical treatment, they tried to find other alternative treatment such as traditional treatment. Most patients have not yet performed good self-care as recommended by health workers. In addition, information and socialization about filariasis to patients, families and communities are limited because it has not been as priority program of health center. Health education program should be conducted to improve positive behavior of community regarding the prevention, early detection, prompt treatment and self-care of the disease.

Factors influencing diabetes self-care practice among type 2 diabetes patients attending diabetic care follow up at an Ethiopian General Hospital, 2018.

Diabetes mellitus is a global public health emergency in the twenty-first century. Diabetes patients who had to adhere to good self-care recommendation can prevent the complication associated with diabetes mellitus. Self-care management of diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa was poor including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess factors influencing diabetes self-care practice among type 2 diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia diabetes clinic follow up unit. An institutional based cross-sectional survey was conducted on systematically sampled 405 type 2 diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital diabetes clinic from June 02/2018 to June 30/2018. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was fitted to identify independent predictors of diabetes self-care practice. A p value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. A total of 385 type 2 diabetes patients participated with a response rate of 95%, of which 243 (63.1%) study participants had good self-care practice. The mean ± SD age of the respondents and the duration of diagnosed for diabetes mellitus was 52.28 ± 12.45 and 5.09 ± 3.80years respectively. Type 2 diabetes patients who had a glucometer at home (AOR = 7.82 CI (3.24, 18.87)), getting a diabetes education (AOR = 2.65 CI (1.44, 4.89)), and having social support (AOR = 2.72 CI (1.66, 4.47)) were statistically associated with good self-care practice. Despite, the importance of diabetes self-care practice for the management of diabetes and preventing its complications, a significant number of type 2 diabetes patients had poor diabetes self-care practice. So, to enhance this poor practice of diabetes self-care, provision of diabetes self-care education and counseling on self-monitoring blood glucose should be promote by health care providers during their follow up.

"They called me a terrorist": Social and Internalized Stigma in Latino Youth with Type 1 Diabetes.

Diabetes-related stigma (DRS) globally affects patients' lives. Over a third of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Puerto Rico reported concerns of others knowing about their diabetes and about being different. We examined DRS among 65 T1D Latino youth (aged 12-17). During a depression-treatment study screening, they answered open-ended questions about diabetes-related concerns/difficulties and issues bothering them while interacting with peers, family, and healthcare professionals because of T1D. Using content analysis, we classified responses into Social Stigma (SS), Internalized Stigma (IS), and No Stigma. Four SS and IS sub-categories were developed. After coding, inter-rater reliability (Cohen's kappa) ranged from .73 to .1.00 (p≤.001). Forty-four youth (67.69%) reported at least one DRS verbalization, and 25 reported more than one. Both SS and IS were identified in 32 (49.23%) adolescents. Among SS experiences were: "they call me a junkie [because of insulin shots]"; "they call me a terrorist [because of insulin pump]". IS verbalizations included: "I've never wanted to accept that I have T1D, so I don't practice good self-care"; "at times I do not feel the same as others". We found more stigma-related verbalizations among those from urban zones or larger families. DRS was related to increased depressive symptoms and risk of a depressive disorder. Peers were the main source of SS. DRS was common, pervasive, and linked to depression. This study innovatively examines DRS in an exclusively T1D Latino and adolescent sample. Understanding its extent and nature is essential for developing interventions to address DRS.

Knowledge, attitudes and self-care practices of patients with glaucoma in uThungulu in KwaZulu-Natal

Background: Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of blindness in South Africa. Early detection, effective treatment and strict compliance with treatment are instrumental to prevent further damage to the optic nerve and thus preserve vision.Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and self-care practices of patients with glaucoma in KwaZulu-Natal.Setting: The study was conducted in the ophthalmology outpatient department of a public hospital and a private ophthalmology practice in the uThungulu district.Methods: This was an observational, analytic, cross-sectional study. Structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes and self-care practices were administered to patients presenting for follow-up glaucoma management.Results: The median age of the 384 patients in this study was 60 (interquartile range [IQR] 48.5–69.5) and 59 years (IQR 49.0–66.5) for males and females, respectively (p &gt; 0.05). Two hundred and thirty-eight (62.0%) patients had good knowledge of glaucoma. Age, gender and duration of glaucoma diagnosis were significantly associated with good knowledge of glaucoma. Three hundred and forty-four (89.6%) patients reported having good self-care practices. Patients over the age of 65 years were significantly less likely to have good self-care practices compared to patients aged 26–45 years (odds ratio [OR]: 0.2, confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.6, p = 0.01). Good knowledge of glaucoma was significantly associated with good self-care practices of glaucoma (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Elderly patients do not have sufficient knowledge of glaucoma and have poor self-care glaucoma practices. It is important to involve family members of these patients in the education and counselling of glaucoma to facilitate improved disease management.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Diabetes Eye Complications among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at a Referral Hospital in Zimbabwe

Information related to knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people with diabetes is especially important in resource-limited settings such as Zimbabwe, where medications to treat diabetes are costly and capacity to treat complications is limited, making observance of appropriate self-care practices that may delay or prevent complications vital to patient and public health. As a start to understanding the level of knowledge of diabetes eye complications, attitudes towards self-care practices, and utilization of available health care resources among diabetes patients, we conducted face-to-face interviews with 189 diabetes patients (133 female, 56 male, mean age 62.7 years) attending a referral hospital in Zimbabwe’s second largest city. A structured questionnaire was administered to each patient to document knowledge, attitudes, and practices that had 13, 11, and 12 questions in each section respectively. Knowledge results revealed the total knowledge score of diabetes and associated eye complications is associated with patients' self-report of seeing clearly or not, indicating patients not seeing all the time have a higher score then patients self-reporting they do see clearly all the time, x2=24.5815, df=11, p=0.0105. Attitude results revealed 74% of participants viewed consulting a pharmacist as a very important health care step compared to 96% who viewed consulting a physician as a very important health care step. Results indicating patients with diabetes who see clearly have less knowledge about diabetes and related eye complications suggests that reinforcing self-care steps should be directed towards this group. At the same time, patient attitude results suggest this gap could be filled by emphasizing the role of pharmacists in fostering good diabetes self-care practices and providing education for individuals with diabetes, especially early in the course of disease before vision impairment may occur. Disclosure M. Sithole: None. A. Matimba: None. R. Woodward: None.

Self-Care Activity determination of diabetes Mellitus Type-2 Patient in labuang baji hospital

Non infectious diseases in the community are a sign of epidemiological transition. One of the non infectious diseases that are found is Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type-2 diseases. The purpose of this research is to know the determination of self-care diabetes activity in patients with type-2 diabetes at Labuang Baji Hospital in Makassar City. The research design is cross-sectional study. The population were all patients with DM type 2 treatment in 2016. Sampling was done by probability sampling technique with simple random sampling method and the number of sample was 136 people. The results showed that respondents with self-care activities were less than 35 people (25.7%) and respondents with good self-care activities as many as 101 people (74.3%). The result of bivariate analysis (chi-square) showed that significant factor was correlated with self-care activity of DM type 2 patients with p-value <0, 05 is knowledge (p = 0, 000), health insurance ownership (p = 0, 022) health workers support (p = 0, 000). The result of logistic regression analysis showed that the factors significantly correlated with the self-care activity in Diabetes Mellitus type-2 patients were knowledge (OR = 7.900; 95% CI: 2, 497-24, 998). The conclusion of knowledge is a factor significantly associated with diabetes self-care activities.

Evaluation of bronchial asthma educational package on asthma self-management among school age children based on Orem’s self-care model in Zagazig city

Background: Asthma is the widespread health problem and most common chronic disease among children. Developing self-care skills related to children with asthma forms a basis for nursing care. Orem’s self-care model is one of the most comprehensive self-care theories that provide a good clinical guide for planning and implementing the principles of good self-care.The Aim of this study: was to determine the effect of asthma educational package based on Orem’s self-care model on the development of self-care activities of children with asthma.Subjects and Methods: a quasi-experimental study conducted on a purposive sample of 106 children with bronchial asthma in pediatric outpatient clinic at Zagazig University hospital. The research tools used in this study were demographic characteristics of studied children. Asthma triggers inventory, asthma knowledge questionnaire, asthma self-management questionnaire, asthma Self-Efficacy regarding self-management of asthma, medication adherence, and inhaler technique observation checklist and health instruction guidelines.Results: the results showed that after the training intervention self-efficacy, asthma management, adherence of asthmatic children to medications were significantly increased (p &gt; 000). The study findings concluded that the asthma education program improved all aspects of self-efficacy and activities of asthma management after program implementation.Conclusion: the educational program based on Orem’s self-care model successfully improves the performance of inhaler use. The study indicates that self-care activities were efficient among children with asthma after implementation of program.Recommendations: it suggested to conduct Orem’s self-care model for children with bronchial asthma and to replicate the study in many settings to support its effectiveness.

News You Can Use: Federal funding law includes compounding language; FDA approves first consumer genetic tests for marketing; study finds regular nonherbal tea drinkers have heart benefits; FIP on community pharmacists and good self-care; Express Scripts accepts CPPA specialty accreditation; APhA resource on chronic care management

News You Can Use: Federal funding law includes compounding language; FDA approves first consumer genetic tests for marketing; study finds regular nonherbal tea drinkers have heart benefits; FIP on community pharmacists and good self-care; Express Scripts accepts CPPA specialty accreditation; APhA resource on chronic care management

Associação entre o autocuidado e a qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença renal crônica

Este estudo avaliou a capacidade para o autocuidado e a associação com a qualidade de vida de pessoas com Doença Renal Crônica. Pesquisa correlacional, de corte transversal. A amostra foi composta por 100 indivíduos em tratamento hemodialítico de uma unidade de terapia renal substitutiva do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista individual, utilizando-se um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica, a Escala de Avaliação do Agenciamento de Autocuidado Revisada (ASAS-R) e Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short – Form (KDQOL-SF). O escore médio da ASAS-R foi de 60,64 (±8,24) indicando boa capacidade para autocuidado. Verificou-se relação positiva, de moderada magnitude e estatisticamente significante entre a capacidade para o autocuidado e os domínios do KDQOL-SF: sintomas/problemas, função cognitiva, funcionamento físico, bem-estar emocional e energia/fadiga. Conclui-se que o autocuidado está relacionado com a qualidade de vida nos pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise.

Modifiable Resilience Factors to Childhood Adversity for Clinical Pediatric Practice.

Childhood adversity is highly prevalent and associated with risk for poor health outcomes in childhood and throughout the life course. Empirical literature on resilience over the past 40 years has identified protective factors for traumatized children that improve health outcomes. Despite these empirical investigations of resilience, there is limited integration of these findings into proactive strategies to mitigate the impact of adverse childhood experiences. We review the state of resilience research, with a focus on recent work, as it pertains to protecting children from the health impacts of early adversity. We identify and document evidence for 5 modifiable resilience factors to improve children's long- and short-term health outcomes, including fostering positive appraisal styles in children and bolstering executive function, improving parenting, supporting maternal mental health, teaching parents the importance of good self-care skills and consistent household routines, and offering anticipatory guidance about the impact of trauma on children. We conclude with 10 recommendations for pediatric practitioners to leverage the identified modifiable resilience factors to help children withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity. Taken together, these recommendations constitute a blueprint for a trauma-informed medical home. Building resilience in pediatric patients offers an opportunity to improve the health and well-being of the next generation, enhance national productivity, and reduce spending on health care for chronic diseases.

Perceptions about men's health in a gender relational perspective, Brazil, 2014.

The goal of this article is to assess the perception of male health from the viewpoint of men and women. The study drew from a random sample of men aged 20 to 59 who were SUS (Unified Healthcare System) users and resided in the capitals of Brazilian states and the Federal District. Participants were interviewed by phone. Sociodemographic variables and variables related to perception of healthcare services, health status and health care were recorded. Logistic regression was used to assess failure to seek service and good and very good self-care. The majority of the study population considers it has no health problem, especially men. The main reason for failure to seek treatment is no access to services, although both men and women claim the healthcare services receive them adequately. Over 40% of men and almost 30% of women self-medicate. Men believe they are taking good care of their health, while women have a different perception of this. Perceptions differ when we take into consideration age, years of schooling, ethnicity and occupation.

Prevalence of self-care practices and assessment of their sociodemographic risk factors among diabetes in the urban slums of Bengaluru.

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-care practices in the urban slums of Bengaluru among diabetes and also to assess their sociodemographic risk factors.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was done in the two slums of Bengaluru comprising 163 diabetes patients. The prevalence of self-care practices and their sociodemographic risk was analyzed.Results:Maximum adherence was seen for blood sugar testing (77.91%), and least adherence was seen for diet (12.26%). Adherence to exercise was 30.67%, adherence to foot care was 48.46%, and adherence to medication was 60.73%. Some of the sociodemographic factors associated with good self-care practices are young age, gender, formal education, occupation, and religion. Good adherence to medication is associated with better control of blood sugars.Conclusion:A clinician should be able to identify these risk factors and give special attention to these groups of patients and make realistic recommendations for self-care activities.

Diabetes related knowledge, self-care behaviours and adherence to medications among diabetic patients in Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey.

BackgroundThe provision of health education involving self-care and good adherence to medications has been acknowledged to be a cost effective strategy for improving quality of life of diabetes patients. We assessed levels of knowledge about type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), self-care behaviours and adherence to medication among DM patients.MethodsA facility based cross-sectional survey of 325 adults with T2DM patients attending Jimma University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia was conducted. We used diabetes Knowledge Test, Expanded Version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities and Morisky 8-Item medication adherence as tools to measure diabetic knowledge, self-care behaviours and adherence to medications respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to assess the independent predictors of diabetes knowledge and adherence to medications. The binary logistic regression was applied for self-care behaviours.Results309 respondents were included in the survey. Of all the respondents, 44.9 %, 20.1 % and 34.9 % had low, medium and high level diabetic knowledge respectively. High level of diabetic knowledge was the reference group. Being illiterate (AOR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.03-9.3), having BMI <18 kg/m2 (AOR = 6.4, 95%CI: 1.2-34.9) and duration of DM < 5 years (AOR = 4.2, 95%CI: 1.9-9.5) were significantly associated with low level of diabetic knowledge. T2DM patients who practiced good self-care (AOR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.3-0.9) were less likely to have low knowledge. Duration of DM < 5 years (AOR = 9.8, 95%CI: 3.2-30.2) was significantly associated with medium level of diabetic knowledge. 157(50.8 %) patients had poor self-care behaviour and this was associated with level of education and adherence to medication. The proportions of patients with low, medium and high adherence to medication were 24.9 %, 37.9 % and 37.2 % respectively. Being a merchant, having medium level of diabetic knowledge and having good glycemic control level were associated with low adherence to medications.ConclusionsSignificant number of DM patients had low level of knowledge, poor self-care behaviours and low level of adherence to medications. These findings call for the need of integrated interventional management on diabetic knowledge, self-care behaviours and adherence to medications. To ensure effective T2DM management, a strategic approach that improves health literacy could be a cross cutting intervention.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12902-016-0114-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.