Golden Era Research Articles

Identification crisis: a fauna-wide estimate of biodiversity expertise shows massive decline in a Central European country

AbstractExpertise in biodiversity research (taxonomy, faunistics, conservation with taxonomic background) appears to decline worldwide. While the “taxonomic impediment” is discussed extensively in the literature, much fewer papers focus on the identification crisis, i.e., the decreasing number of experts who can identify species, and the decline of species-based biodiversity research. As a test case to explore the gravity of the identification crisis, we chose Hungary, a Central European country with a strong history of comprehensive taxonomic expertise and research output. We set out to answer two main questions. (1) What proportion of the Hungarian fauna could currently be identified by Hungarian experts, and what factors determine which groups are covered; and (2) what are the trends of biodiversity research in Hungary, and what are the underlying reasons for these trends? We show that Hungary lacks active biodiversity experts for almost half of the nearly 36,000 animal species recorded in the country, and more than a quarter of the fauna have only one or two active experts available. We also show that faunistic research experienced a golden era between ca. 1990 and 2010. Since then, however, there has been a strong decline, with the number of active experts and published papers decreased to a level like that of the 1970s. Multiple factors are identified causing this trend, such as increased pressure to publish in high impact journals and increasing administrative duties of professional scientists. The next generation of biodiversity experts needs to be fluent in modern techniques and publication strategies but also maintain robust morphology-based knowledge to be equipped for identification tasks of difficult taxa. Despite being disadvantaged by exclusive application of citation-based evaluation, we do need more positions and focused grants for biodiversity researchers to maintain the country’s knowledge base and to avoid being increasingly dependent on—equally declining—foreign expertise.

Model of University Entrepreneurial Education Development Strategy for Preparing the Golden Generation Toward 2045: Islamic Entrepreneurship Perspective

This study aims to develop entrepreneurial strategies based on sharia principles at Universitas Syiah Kuala to prepare students for Indonesia’s Golden Era 2045. Key concepts explored include sharia-based entrepreneurship education, curriculum reform, and business incubation. Using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), the research identifies and implements changes through curriculum redesign, workshops, strategic partnerships, and the establishment of a sharia business incubator. Data collection involved surveys and interviews with students, faculty, and local business stakeholders over six months. The results indicate increased student engagement and business creation aligned with sharia values. These findings highlight the importance of integrating Islamic principles into entrepreneurship education, offering valuable insights for other universities seeking to develop similar programs.

The Microbial Road Trip: Are We Nearing the Golden Era of Orthopaedics?

The Microbial Road Trip: Are We Nearing the Golden Era of Orthopaedics?

Biopics of Female Hollywood Stars Speak to #MeToo Era: The Case of Judy (2019) and Blonde (2022)

This article analyzes two recent biopics, Judy (2019, Rupert Goold) and Blonde (2022, Andrew Dominik), which reimagine the icons from the Hollywood Golden Era, Judy Garland and Marilyn Monroe respectively, under the prism of the #MeToo movement. By examining the way in which these movies treat abusive experiences within the film industry, along with their placement in the public arena, this paper exposes how contemporary biopics dedicated to female movie stars face the consequences of #MeToo in Hollywood. In terms of textual construction, both movies presumptively adopt a female perspective in portraying actresses’ experiences of exploitation –such as sexual harassment, eating disorders, substance abuse, and more– under a male-dominated Hollywood studio system. Meanwhile, directors’ articulated intentions, promotional campaigns, reviews, and film critiques seeking to convincingly place the films in the domain of public discussion around #MeToo. Despite this ‘feminist’ assumption, this article will argue that these movies, while appearing to confront and re-address injustices in Hollywood through revisiting the mythical narratives of well-known female stars, fail to challenge the melodramatic victimization plot familiar in traditional biopics about women. In doing so, it will explore how they reinforce a representation of the female Hollywood star after #MeToo as a mentally troubled woman struggling to survive in an exploitative film industry.

Clinical pharmacy and patient safety: Have we reached a golden era?

Clinical pharmacy and patient safety: Have we reached a golden era?

The rise and fall of political comedy on late night TV

ABSTRACT The emergence and demise of political comedy – a form of political humor distinct from political satire – on late night television, can be understood as a commercial response to the media landscape of the time. During the “golden era” of broadcast television, three networks dominated the television landscape and crafted their content to appeal to a mass national audience. This meant avoiding overtly political programming and messaging that favored either side of the political spectrum. But by the early 2000s, the widespread penetration of cable and satellite television, and later, the advent of the Internet and television streaming services meant that content providers could no longer hope to appeal to mass audiences. Thus, they began to target their programming toward smaller, more specific audiences. In this environment, political satire could thrive. In addition, the inclinations of late night talk show hosts and particular political circumstances helped push political comedy off the late night airwaves. Political satire now rules the late night television political humor landscape and will likely do so in the future.

CONTRIBUTION OF UNANI MEDICINE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: A REVIEW

Unani Medicine has done the great job for Health and disease. Although its contribution had started from 3000 BC but its scientific shape was given by Hippocrate. Herophilus, Erasistratus, Aristotle and many other Unani Atibba play very important role in the development of Unani Medicine. The world first institute of Unani Medicine was school of Alexanderia which has also done a great job. In Rome this medicine started a military medicine first time in the world and also contribute in single drugs. But its golden era was in Arab world and Undulus from 700 AD to 1500 AD. Maximum research and development were happened in these periods. Many Atibba like Razi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Hitam, Isa Kahal, Abul Qasim Zahrawi and Ibn Nafie etc has done a great job. In India Unani Medicine is contributing from 12thcentuary to till date continuously.

Advances in undergraduate and postgraduate education- bedside, simulation and E-learning

Clinical bedside teaching the cornerstone of medical education in the 19th century has been shaped and developed by changes in healthcare delivery and work practices. Developing skilled clinicians to work and thrive in these complex environments requires innovative and adaptive strategies. In this rapidly changing environment compounded by a shorter duration of training, there is an increasing focus on the student learner, team-based working and the development of professionalism. The continuum of medical education from undergraduate through postgraduate to continued professional development has been greatly enhanced by the adoption of new strategies and technologies. Simulation is long established in medical education and its benefits well recognised. Technological developments including Artificial Intelligence have supported and enhanced the quality of simulation in medical education. There is a broad range of simulation available with varying degrees of fidelity, as required, culminating in immersive virtual reality. The challenges for medical educators of the Covid-19 pandemic, with closure or restricted access to clinical patients, wards and classrooms, resulted in rapid restructuring of teaching programs and for many to move “on-line”. This resulted in widespread rapid adoption of technologically driven medical education, with E-learning, blended learning and innovative strategies to increase student engagement. The seismic changes in medical education necessitated by the Covid-19 pandemic coupled with the upskilling of medical educators and technological advances, should result in an exciting period of continued innovation in medical education, a second “Golden Era” and enhance medical education for many years to come.

The Last 50 years of Hemophilia Care: A Golden Era

The Last 50 years of Hemophilia Care: A Golden Era

Bibliometric analysis and global trends in uterus transplantation.

The purpose of this study was to characterize publication patterns, academic influence, research trends, and the recent developments in uterus transplantation (UTx) across the globe. The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for documents published from the time the database began to include relevant articles to 15 December 2023. With the use of VOSviewer, Citespace, BICOMB, and Incites, a cross-sectional bibliometric analysis was conducted to extract or calculate the evaluative indexes. Publications were categorized by country, institution, author, journal, highly cited papers, and keywords. The variables were compared in terms of publication and academic influence, which further included citation count, citation impact, Hirsh index, journal impact factor, total link strength, collaboration metrics, and impact relative to the world. A total of 581 papers concerning UTx were initially identified after retrieval, and 425 documents were included. Of the 41 countries participating in relevant studies, the USA and Sweden were in leading positions in terms of publications, citations, and academic influence. The most versatile institution was the University of Gothenburg, followed by Baylor University. The most productive scholars and journals were Brännström M. and Fertility and Sterility , respectively. Five groups of cutting-edge keywords were identified: venous drainage, donors and donation, women, fertility preservation, and fertility. Topics about surgery, first live birth, risk, and in vitro fertilization remain hot in this field. UTx is anticipated to enter a golden era in the coming years. This study provides some guidance concerning the authors involved in promoting UTx research, the current development of UTx, and journals to submit their innovative research. This also helps to reach a comprehensive insight and prospect in the near future. In order to establish recognized standards and benefit more patients who are disturbed by uterine infertility, large-scale and well-designed clinical trials are required.

Chronology of our Galaxy from Gaia colour--magnitude diagram fitting (ChronoGal). I. The formation and evolution of the thin disc from the Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars

The study of the Milky Way is living a golden era thanks to the enormous high-quality datasets delivered by Gaia and space asteroseismic and ground-based spectroscopic surveys. However, the current major challenge to reconstructing the chronology of the Milky Way is the difficulty to derive precise stellar ages for large samples of stars. The colour--magnitude diagram (CMD) fitting technique offers an alternative to individual age determinations to derive the star formation history (SFH) of complex stellar populations. Our aim is to obtain a detailed dynamically evolved SFH (deSFH) of the solar neighbourhood, and the age and metallicity distributions that result from it. We define deSFH as the amount of mass transformed into stars, as a function of time and metallicity, in order to account for the population of stars contained in a particular volume of the MW. We present a new package to derive SFHs from CMD fitting tailored to work with Gaia data, called CMDft.Gaia, and we use it to analyse the CMD of the Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars (GCNS), which contains a complete census of the (mostly thin disc) stars currently within 100 pc of the Sun. We present an unprecedentedly detailed view of the evolution of the Milky Way disc at the solar radius.The bulk of star formation started 11--10.5 Gyr ago at metallicity around solar, and continued with a slightly decreasing metallicity trend until 6 Gyr ago. Between 6 and 4 Gyr ago, a notable break in the age--metallicity distribution is observed, with three stellar populations with distinct metallicities (sub-solar, solar, and super-solar), possibly indicating some dramatic event in the life of our Galaxy. Star formation then resumed 4 Gyr ago with a somewhat bursty behaviour, metallicity near solar and average star formation rate higher than in the period before 6 Gyr ago. The derived metallicity distribution closely matches precise spectroscopic data, which also show stellar populations deviating from solar metallicity. Interestingly, our results reveal the presence of intermediate-age populations exhibiting both a metallicity typical of the thick disc, approximately $ M/H and super-solar metallicity. The many tests performed indicate that, with high-precision photometric and distance data such as that provided by Gaia CMDft.Gaia is able to achieve a precision of lesssim 10<!PCT!> and an accuracy better than 6<!PCT!> in the dating of stellar populations, even at old ages. A comparison with independent spectroscopic metallicity information shows that metallicity distributions are also determined with high precision, without imposing any a priori metallicity information in the fitting process. This opens the door to obtaining detailed and robust information on the evolution of the stellar populations of the Milky Way over cosmic time. As an example, we provide in this paper an unprecedentedly detailed view of the age and metallicity distributions of the stars within 100 pc of the Sun.

Late-Stage Diversification of Phosphines by C-H Activation: A Robust Strategy for Ligand Design and Preparation.

ConspectusThe advent of the twenty-first century marked a golden era in the realm of synthetic chemistry, exemplified by groundbreaking advancements in the field of C-H activation, which is a concept that quickly transitioned from mere academic fascination to an essential element within the synthetic chemist's toolkit. This methodological breakthrough has given rise to a wealth of opportunities spanning a wide range of chemical disciplines. It has facilitated the late-stage diversification of elaborate organic frameworks, encompassing the spectrum from simple methane to complex polymers, thus refining the lead optimization process and easing the production of diverse molecular analogues. Among these strides forward, the development of phosphorus(III)-directed C-H activation stands out as an increasingly significant and inventive approach for the design and synthesis of ligands, substantially redefining the contours of synthetic methodology.Phosphines, renowned for their roles as ligands and organocatalysts, have become fundamentally important in modern organic chemistry. Their efficiency as ligands is significantly affected by coordination with transition metals, which is essential for their involvement in catalytic processes, influencing both the catalytic activity and the selectivity. Historically, the fabrication of phosphines predominantly relied on synthesis employing complex, multistep procedures. Addressing this limitation, our research has delved into ligand design and synthesis through innovative catalytic P(III)-directed C-H activation strategies. In this Account, we have explored a spectrum of procedures, including direct arylation using metal catalysis, and ventured further into domains such as C-H alkylation, alkenylation, aminocarbonylation, alkynylation, borylation, and silylation. These advances have enriched the field by providing efficient methods for the late-stage diversification of biaryl-type monophosphines as well as enabled the C-H activation of triphenylphosphine and its derivatives. Moreover, we have successfully constructed libraries of diverse axially chiral binaphthyl phosphine ligands, showcasing their potency in asymmetric catalysis. Through this Account, we aim to illuminate the exciting possibilities presented by P(III)-directed C-H activation in propelling the boundaries of organic synthesis. By highlighting our pioneering work, we hope to inspire further developments in this promising field of chemistry.

Understanding the Characteristics of Corporate Culture in Vietnam via Some Golden Periods in History

In the Vietnamese business heritage, there were several golden times during which beneficial elements emerged and became distinct features of company culture. Using the multidisciplinary method of History of Science - Cultural Studies, this article collects and organizes historical documents to sketch a historical and comparative analysis of the value hierarchy and strengths of Vietnamese corporate culture during its golden era. The findings demonstrate that, between the 17th and 18th centuries, unique human and cultural aspects in business activities emerged in the Southern Vietnam region of Vietnam, where merchants and other factors of Corporate culture was quite frequent. In the early years of the 20th century, Vietnam witnessed a business movement aimed at economic revival and cultural development for the noble goal of national revival. Corporate culture in Vietnam has been around for a long time, reflected in the intelligence, creativity, sensitivity, and quick adaptation of Vietnamese corporates and entrepreneurs.

Penyadaran Berzakat, Berinfaq, dan Bersodaqoh untuk Pemberdayaan Umat

Zakat, infaq, and shodaqah were once sources of state income to empower the people. This fact occurred in the early golden era of Islam, so zakat or obligatory zakat institutions at that time had difficulty distributing zakat because zakat was already evenly distributed and met the needs of its recipients. This fact is different from the facts today, where zakat, infaq, and shodaqah have not been able to empower the people. There is an idea to revitalize the function of zakat through raising awareness in the community. This study is a literature study by collecting literature supporting this idea's achievement. The results of this study show that empowerment of the people can be pursued again by providing awareness to the people to pay zakat and managers to carry it out according to applicable regulations, whether according to fiqh or legislation.

The United Kingdom, the Belt and Road Initiative, and policy amalgams

Although it never formally participated, the British government described the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and relations with China more broadly in strikingly positive terms between 2015 and 2019. Nonetheless, by late 2019 and amidst a sharp deterioration in relations, the prospect of the UK joining the BRI had more or less disappeared from the government’s agenda. This article argues that there was not a ruptural policy break. While there was a turnaround, there were also significant numbers of short-run policy zigzags. The principal reason for this instability, the article argues, lies in the relatively weak character of the UK-China policy regime which was an amalgam that sought to accommodate and integrate three different ideational clusters. Such amalgams are inherently unstable and policies drawn from them are likely to change quickly in response to internal tensions as well as exogenous events and developments. Given this, British policy towards China moved quickly and erratically between a “golden era”, a repudiation of this as “naïve”, and the designation of China as a “systemic challenge”. Within this context, expressions of enthusiasm for the BRI were displaced by uninterest or scepticism.

The Role Of Educators In The Concept Curriculum Implementation From Time To Time In Indonesia

The aim of this research is to analyze the role of teachers and analyze curriculum implementation from time to time. The type of research in this research is library research or library research. The data collection techniques used in this research are literature and documentation. Testing the validity of the data in this qualitative research uses credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability test methods. The results of the research are: the curriculum preparation by the government currently implemented in Indonesia is always undergoing changes, including changing the role of teachers in its implementation. The role of teachers in the concept of curriculum implementation from time to time is reduced compared to the role of teachers in the KBK and KTSP Curriculum, namely as technical implementers. So the 2013 curriculum and the independent curriculum open up opportunities for every teacher to be able to optimize the effectiveness of learning in the classroom and outside the classroom in order to improve the quality of education through increasing teacher competency. The independent curriculum needs to be prepared carefully in order to improve the quality of education towards Indonesia's golden era in 2045. There are many aspects that must be considered, including: 1) Human resource readiness, 2) school facilities, 3) Learning Achievement (CP) is a priority, 4) Learning tools and resources are aligned with student character, 5) learning methods and evaluation must be adjusted to student needs, 6) Student needs must be seen in detail by the teacher.

P19 The role of policy and key stakeholder decision-making in the propagation, and deceleration, of resistance evolution

Abstract Background Antimicrobials have an intangible value on reducing global health burden of infection, yet current valuation methods do not holistically capture the enablement of healthcare as a result of antimicrobials. A lack of incentive and subsequent investment into the novel antimicrobial pipeline demonstrates the urgent need for collaboration amongst those influencing the decision-making process, namely key stakeholders such as governmental bodies, industry and academia. Studies into resistance evolution focus almost entirely on proximate causes, such as the number of antibiotics used in clinical settings, or the understanding of evolutionary pathways to resistance under controlled laboratory conditions. Comparatively, the association between resistance evolution and policy decisions from governments, industry and regulatory bodies is poorly understood. Objectives The primary aim was to evaluate the multifactorial associations between β-lactam development and evolution of β-lactam resistance to inform the current and future antibiotic development pipeline. Methods To undertake this narrative report, we focussed on β-lactam antibiotics, given their clear development timeline and continuous molecular refinement to meet arising clinical and microbiological needs. As such, the evolution of resistance to β-lactams poses a significant threat to mortality, quality of life, and societal function. This report consists of six historical case studies, all of which have significantly influenced the antimicrobial resistance landscape since Fleming’s discovery of penicillin in 1928. We include lesser-known events in our narrative, such as the establishment of the National Research and Development Corporation (NRDC), which propelled the mass commercialization of penicillin, and the subsequent emergence of penicillinases. Pivotal events such as the emergence of ESBL and MBLs into clinical settings also provide insight into the historical decision-making process by key stakeholders such as governmental bodies, industry and academia. Literature reviews were conducted with a focus on the initial introduction of a particular β-lactam into the clinic and when resistance arose. Key stakeholder activities and policy decisions made during these time periods influenced the formation of case studies. Results The case studies are as follows: (i) the influence of the NRDC in accelerated antimicrobial development; (ii) the introduction of the β-lactamase inhibitor—the influence of short-term clinical and financial benefit on prescribing behaviour; (iii) the ‘golden era’ of antibiotics—cephalosporin development and the consequences of short-term market forces; (iv) knowledge of MBL resistance prior to introduction of carbapenems in clinical settings; (v) consequences of controlled manufacturing for the global supply of piperacillin/tazobactam; and (vi) early surveillance studies and the beginning of the antimicrobial stewardship agenda. Conclusions In each case study we provide insight into how key stakeholders can improve practices by learning from past experiences, to inform the future stewardship agenda. We built a case for the need to incorporate evolutionary microbiology into policy and industrial decision-making in order to improve the mitigation of antimicrobial resistance.

Analytical Chemistry is like the Fruit of an Apple Tree

Analytical chemistry is deeply rooted in Europe. It started with the work of Liebig and Fresenius, among others. Then Kirchhoff, as father of spectroscopy, contributed to the development of the modern instrumental analysis techniques flourishing today. As soon as I started learning analytical chemistry at university, I fell in love with it. At that time, I could not explain why I wanted to become an analytical chemist. Having gained experience teaching and performing research in analytical chemistry, I know now that I am attracted to it because this branch of chemistry is what an apple means to an apple tree - the fruit of a myriad of results in fundamental research in chemistry, always offering solutions to real life problems. I always wanted to become an analyst and to work at the analytical chemistry department where I studied. One year ago, my life drastically changed at the institute when I was invited to apply to lead the analytical chemistry department where I have been working since 2007. I must admit that I had mixed feelings in the beginning. First of all, I was honored that my colleagues in the department fully expressed their support. At the same time, I was confused and scared. I felt that I am not the right person to lead a department with a history of almost 120 years, that I had no clear vision of what could I do for my colleagues and for the students choosing our department. However, I wanted to express my gratitude to my colleagues for their trust in me. In my application, I advocated to maintain the high-quality teaching of analytical chemistry at the department and offered to implement challenge-based learning for students choosing our department. In past years, I felt that the raison d'être of analytical chemistry departments as single entities would soon end. My colleagues working in other fields such as biology, geography and geology, pharmacy and medicine, all purchased instrumental analytical equipment and started performing research by themselves. Recently, analytical chemistry departments underwent important organizational and structural changes. Some of them disappeared, others incorporated into their name environmental chemistry, food chemistry, or biochemistry. Recent advances in instrumental analysis create the impression that conducting chemical analysis is an easy task that no longer requires the expertise of chemists devoted to this branch of chemistry. However, there is still a lot of work to do, especially in the field of organic analytical chemistry. Thanks to innovations in mass spectrometry and related techniques, infrared spectroscopy, miniaturization (lab-on-chips) and sensors, ultra trace analysis, green methodologies, and elemental speciation, analytical chemistry is experiencing a second Golden Era. In last year alone, I was surprised by the ever-increasing number of chemistry bachelor and major students knocking on my door asking me to provide them with analytical chemistry-related research topics. That led me to contact faculty working at the other institutes offering cooperation with the arsenal of our instruments to widen the research topic choices in our department, advocating that we should unite and complement our efforts to create synergies. Surprisingly, the response of those colleagues was very positive. In one year, I could almost double the number of research topics for diploma work in our department. This is something that makes me happy and optimistic. I am confident that the development of analytical methods together with proper sampling and sample preparation are still important and crucial steps to produce high quality and reliable results. Moreover, participation of analytical chemists in these tasks is indispensable. The recent success of the Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry achieving an impact factor of 0.7 makes me also think that analytical method development has still a bright future ahead. Long live Analytical Chemistry! Long live Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry!

Fusion of Artificial Intelligence Based Deep Learning Model for Product Reviews on E-Commerce Environment

The emergence of e-commerce is introduced in the golden era. E-commerce product reviews are comments generated by customers of online shopping to estimate the service and product qualities having purchased; these remarks aid users in identifying the facts of the product. The sentiment polarity of e-commerce product analyses is the optimal method to get consumer opinions on a service or product. Hence, sentiment analysis (SA) of product remarks on e-commerce platforms is much more influential. Deep learning (DL) analysis of online consumer feedback can identify user behavior toward a sustainable future. Artificial intelligence (AI) can acquire perceptions from product evaluations to develop efficient products. The main challenge is that numerous ethical products do not satisfy customers’ expectations owing to the gap among users’ expectations and their perception of sustainable products. This paper focuses on the design of the Fusion of Artificial Intelligence Deep Learning Model for Product Reviews on E-Commerce (FAIDLM-PREC) model. The main intention of FAIDLM-PREC method is to appropriately distinguish the dissimilar types of sentiments that occur in the e-commerce reviews. Initially, data preprocessing is executed to increase the product review quality with Glove based word embedding method. For product reviews classification, the FAIDLM-PREC approach evolves fusion of dual DL methods namely Bidirectional Long Short‐Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) methods. Eventually, the parameters relevant to the two DL methods are perfectly modified utilizing the Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA). An extensive experiment of the FAIDLM-PREC technique was conducted utilizing customer review database and outcomes indicated that the FAIDLM-PREC technique highlighted betterment over other recent methods to several measures.

The Golden Era of Mathematics: From Computer Science to Data Science

The Golden Era of Mathematics: From Computer Science to Data Science