Laburnum Research Articles

On correlation functions in models related to the Temperley-Lieb algebra

We deal with quantum spin chains whose Hamiltonian arises from a representation of the Temperley-Lieb algebra, and we consider the mean values of those local operators which are generated by the Temperley-Lieb algebra. We present two key conjectures which relate these mean values to existing literature about factorized correlation functions in the XXZ spin chain. The first conjecture states that the finite volume mean values of the current and generalized current operators are given by the same simple formulas as in the case of the XXZ chain. The second conjecture states that the mean values of products of Temperley-Lieb generators can be factorized: they can expressed as sums of products of current mean values, such that the coefficients in the factorization depend neither on the eigenstate in question, nor on the selected representation of the algebra. The coefficients can be extracted from existing work on factorized correlation functions in the XXZ model. The conjectures should hold for all eigenstates that are non-degenerate with respect to the local charges of the models. We consider concrete representations, where we check the conjectures: the so-called golden chain, the QQ-state Potts model, and the trace representation. We also explain how to derive the generalized current operators from concrete expressions for the local charges.

Danish-French Relations: From the “Autumn of the Middle Ages” to the Early Modern Period

This article accompanies the publication and translation of two messages from king Frederick II of Denmark to king Charles IX of France and to Catherine de’ Medici. The former focuses on the bestowing of a knighthood to the Danish monarch and him becoming a knight of the French Order of St Michael and his acceptance of the Order’s golden chain. The latter concerns the role of the French crown and its ambassador in Copenhagen, Charles de Danzay, in stabilizing the international situation during the Northern Seven Years’ War, and in finding a peaceful compromise between the main adversaries, the Danish and the Swedish kingdoms. The author places both epistolary works in the context of the epoch under study, considering the main stages of Franco-Danish relations in the second half of the fifteenth century — late sixteenth century. The author notes that to the present day, in historiography, there is no integrated concept of description of dynastic, political, and economic contacts between Denmark and France in the Middle Ages and the early modern period (before 1600). This paper partly solves this problem by dividing the history of Franco-Danish contacts into three periods. The first (1456–1519) represents the time of the beginning of diplomatic relations between the French kingdom and the Danish state. The second (1519–1561) consists of a series of bilateral crises and attempts to find a way out of a difficult international situation. The third (1561–1589) marks the stabilization of Franco-Danish relations and the transformation of friendly communication into an allied partnership. The author concludes that, having undergone a series of crises and difficult periods, the Franco-Danish relations in the second half of the sixteenth century transformed into strong allied ties, which allowed France to maintain its influence in the north of Europe by the beginning of the seventeenth century.

Кенотическая экклесиология М. М. Тареева: Опыт реконструкции

The article attempts to reconstruct and comprehensively analyze the ecclesiological conception of Mikhail Mikhailovich Tareev (1867-1934), Professor of Moral Theology at the Moscow Theological Academy at the beginning of the 20th century. The study consistently outlines the characteristic features of Tareev's theological approach, examines the features of his ecclesiology, proves the author's definition of his ecclesiology as kenotic. The specifics of the Tareev’s method is the division of the elements of the problem being analyzed into categories of absolute (internal) and relative (external). In other words, this problem appears in his extensive legacy as a problem of the correlation of content and form. Russian theologian understands the Church as a form of Christianity. Christianity as an inner, mystical, spiritual life has the life of the Church as its vestment. Christianity is possible only in the Church, and produces it. Being the realization of spiritual life in the world (“mir”), the Church must be holy and free from the world. At the same time, it is through the Church that the Christian spirit, or the spirit of Christ, influences the world, transforms it by Christ’s grace. According to Tareev, Christians represent a golden chain, on the one hand, connected with Christ and the saints, on the other hand, uniting all the living faithful. The Church is defined by the Russian theologian as a Society, a Kingdom, an Organism, a Union etc.; it is founded by Christ during His sufferings. Church’s purpose is to serve as an intermediary between the mystical life of the individual and the historical life of society. Due to the symmetry of Tareev's Christology and ecclesiology, the latter is defined as kenotic. The article ends with the designation of possible reasons for Tareev's formulation of his idea of the Church

تفسیر شعراوی کا منہج واسلوب

The holy Quran is the eternal charter of guidance and code of conduct for the people So man should pay attention to the holy Qura'an and understand its teachings through the path of the companions of Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H), who were the eye witness of the revelation of Qura'an and we're successful in life practicing upon the Doctrine of Qura'an. Since then, a successful group has been there who not only tries to comprehend Qura'an but struggled to explain the true meanings of Qura'an to their fellow beings. One of these strives is the "Tafsir al-Sha'ravi". It counts in golden chain of tafasir and written by "Sh. Mohammad Metwalli al- Sha'ravi". The common Muslims in general and the Muslim youth in particular must be well aware of the comprehensive methodology of the interpreter.In this article the important and distinctive features of "Tafsir al-Sha'ravi" have been described analytically.

Establishing a 'Dual-Teacher' Teaching Team as an Implementation Path for Cultivating High-Quality Technical and Skill Talent within the Visionary Talent Development Framework

In the construction of "Double High School", the integrated teacher-student development has been the internal requirements for establishing a team of high-level double-position teachers and cultivating talents with high-quality technical skills. In the study, a high-level structured teaching team is built with the individualized training of "one teacher, one case" as the starting point; the integrated teacher-student development is promoted by creating a "golden course", establishing a research interest, determining a social service direction, setting up an innovation team of students; “one teacher, one case” cultivation system and a "golden chain" of integrated teacher-student development are formed, which is characterized by "golden teachers, golden courses and golden students". It's hoped to provide references for higher vocational colleges to cultivate high-level double-position teachers and high-quality talents with technical skills, to provide valuable experience for the construction of high-level "double-position teacher" teams and the cultivation of high-quality technical and skilled talents in vocational colleges nationwide.

For the Freedom of Zion: The Great Revolt of Jews against Romans, 66–74 CE. By Guy MacLean Rogers

This is a fine specimen of narrative history. After a tribute to the late Sir Fergus Millar, Rogers cruises through the story in twenty-four chapters bearing curious titles: “The Owl and the Golden Chain,” “The Camel’s Hump,” “The Son is Coming.” Since chapters rarely exceed twenty pages and frequent subtitles combine with lively prose, arresting vignettes, and plentiful images, the journey is easy going. Rogers adopts the needed confidence, declaring what happened and dismissing what did not. He notes occasional debates, usually to say that however one resolves them, “we know” X. For more enquiring minds, he includes sixteen appendices on technical questions and eighty-two pages of endnotes. Five topographical maps, twenty-three images, and a granular index complete the support suite. This is the work of a skilled researcher and communicator. What story does he tell? Its main lines have been familiar since they congealed in nineteenth-century scholarship: Jews could not abide Roman rule and fought tenaciously for independence. Because we have an ancient eyewitness narrative in Josephus’s War, Antiquities, and Life, modern versions are more or less critical retellings of Josephus. A standard view, shared by Rogers, holds that Josephus, harboring a post-war antipathy toward rebels, obscured their aims and the nobility of their values. Nevertheless, one can see through his account to their righteous desire for freedom. Already in 6 CE, Judas the Galilean seeded a biblically grounded freedom movement in Judea. After six decades—though Rogers insists on the contingency of events at each point—Judas’s heirs persuaded a sufficient number of compatriots to confront Rome.

Universality of The Prophethood of Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W): An Analytical Study of Scholarly Literature

Allah Almighty has bestowed humanity with divine guidance throughout their history in the shape of sacred Prophets. This golden chain of Messengers started from Adam (A.S) and lasted on the finality of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). Prophet (S.A.W) is regarded as the ultimate savior of mankind. His Prophecy transcended the barriers of time and space. He (S.A.W) is acknowledged as a universal figure and thus his Prophethood is also considered universal. The stature and influence of the prophecy of the Prophet (S.A.W) is gigantic, which has shaped the whole human history and still having an impact on this rapidly growing and developing global state. As in this developing and progressing today’s global environment the core theme of every human activity is to become successful and remain content. In this regard the value of spiritual beings and notions are very crucial, the founder or initiator of the religions have the pivotal and authoritative role to play. In this article I’ll take the analytical view of the scholarly literature and opinions about the universality of the Prophet S.A.W. it is going to be an analytical study based on the authentic sources available of Islamic history and modern academia and literature.

Physiological Study of Trayopasthambha (Ahara, Nidra Evam Brahmacharya) w.s.r. to Nidra (Sleep)

Abstract: In the 21st century, everywhere people are in a hurry. Jet-powered aircraft send their human cargo across broad continents and vast oceans so that one could achieve his goal and fulfill their desire. But in a fast-paced life, the lifestyle is far from what the natural anatomy and physiology of the human body permit. Irregular and unnatural food habits, suppression of natural urges, lack of proper sleep, etc. are the inseparable parts of daily routine that enervate the body arising in times of crisis. According to Ayurveda Swasthya (health) does not only mean physical fitness but mental fitness as well. Ahara, Nidra, and Brahmacharya are three sub pillars that support the main pillar, the body itself. Ayurveda very frankly gives potential stress on Food, Sleep, and Abstinence to be used Uktivat (planned manner). This facilitates a person with benefits of life endowed with strength, complexion, and full life span, provided He / She does not indulge in Ahita Ahara and Vihar and maintains rules prescribed for that. “Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our body together” Sleep is a way to nourish our body, mind, and spirit. It is an important component of good health and peace of mind. Getting sound sleep each night imparts physical and mental balance to prepare our body and mind for the next day. Ayurveda views restful sleep as important as diet and also an essential pillar of good health. Sleep is nothing but a temporary loss of contact with Gyanendriya and Karmendriya Nidra plays a decisive role in the development, sustenance, reproduction, and termination of life. Most of the diseases are mainly due to improper Nidra. None of the existing systems of medicine is the complete answer for all health.

Yiddish: Biography of a Language by Jeffrey Shandler

Reviewed by: Yiddish: Biography of a Language by Jeffrey Shandler Gennady Estraikh Jeffrey Shandler. Yiddish: Biography of a Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 264 pp. It is no coincidence that Jeffrey Shandler turns in his new book to anthropomorphism, which is widely used in school education, making historical and other narratives more vivid and engaging. Yiddish: Biography of a Language has to be seen not as purely an academic work, but as largely a reading for those who know little about Yiddish. Moreover, it is a portrayal of the language depicted from a very personal vantage point, giving the book its own interesting twist to make it different from other works on and around Yiddish. Attribution of human characteristics to Yiddish implies unavoidably that the language has a lifespan, from birth to death. True, Yiddish is not pronounced dead in the book. Rather, the language continues to live in ultra-Orthodox communities (which are of obviously little interest to the author) and operates, predominantly in a "postvernacular"—symbolic—mode, among less or nonobservant Jews as well as non-Jewish enthusiasts. As we know, Shandler's term "postvernacular Yiddish" has found a niche in the academic discourse. The contention of seven cities for the birth place of Homer pales in comparison with the debate on where Yiddish—or proto-Yiddish—saw the light of day for the first time. Who were its speakers? Were they really directly related to the Jews from the Land of Israel? Was it in its early years a Germanic language or, rather, did it first develop as a Slavic vernacular and adopt Germanic traits later? Application of contemporary DNA methods adds a Jurassic Park spice to the discussion, with participation of historical linguists and lay researchers. Shandler carefully navigates this treacherous terrain in one of the best chapters of his book. It is an open secret that a millennium or so after the "birth" of the language, many vital "organs" of Yiddish have become entirely or partly atrophied. One of the organs is academic work in Yiddish. From the 1910s onwards, academic [End Page 176] publications in Yiddish aimed to show in particular that Yiddish belongs to the category of languages rather than to lexically deficient "jargons." Shandler argues that all Yiddish "research institutions, established in the 1920s and 1930s, were liquidated during World War II." In fact, the Soviet authorities closed the Minsk and Kiev institutes as early as 1936, leaving a smaller academic unit in Kiev (and in evacuation during the war) operational until its liquidation in 1949. In the 1950s and later, Yiddish studies found a growing recognition in American, Israeli, and other universities. However, English, Hebrew, German, and, to a lesser degree, a few other languages have been the working mediums for Yiddish studies. The YIVO Institute, established in Europe almost a century ago as a trend-setting scholarly and language-planning Yiddish Olympus, functions in New York almost exclusively as an exceptionally important library-cum-archive. The 1990s saw the last noteworthy attempts to produce academic publications in Yiddish, though lectures on academic topics have continued to be delivered on some occasions. The decline in the 1990s of the Tel Aviv literary journal Di goldene keyt (The golden chain), its Moscow counterpart Sovetish heymland (Soviet homeland, called in its post-Soviet years Di yidishe gas—The Jewish street), and a couple of smaller literary periodicals effectively marked the end of secular Yiddish literature as an institution. This became particularly clear after the failure of the Oxford-based monthly journal Di pen (The pen, 1994–1998) to demonstrate that Yiddish literary creativity had not lost its vitality. The journal was discontinued due to lack of contributors and readers. There are talented people who continue to write in Yiddish (Brooklynite Boris Sandler is arguably the most significant among them) and have an Internet-based regular and occasional readership of, probably, several hundred worldwide, which does not amount to what can be called an institution. The reader of Yiddish: Biography of a Language gets predominantly a telescopic view on Yiddish and its associated culture. It is probably good for a popular book not to overload the reader with facts and names. However, the...

Laburnum anagyroides, laburnum, golden chain, poisoning in cattle

This datasheet on laburnum anagyroides, laburnum, golden chain, poisoning in cattle covers Identity, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis.

Yiddish in Israel: A History by Rachel Rojanski (review)

Reviewed by: Yiddish in Israel: A History by Rachel Rojanski Shachar Pinsker Rachel Rojanski. Yiddish in Israel: A History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2020. 338 pp. doi:10.1017/S0364009421000416 This is an important book for two reasons. First, it is a pioneering study on Yiddish in Israel, a topic that—for reasons that should be interrogated and [End Page 500] explained—has not attracted much scholarly attention until recently. Second, the book is very well documented. It provides a wealth of information on Israeli Yiddish newspapers and journals, theater, academia, and other aspects of Yiddish and Israeli history. In her study, Rojanski unearthed many archival sources of different kinds, mostly from Israeli ministries, political parties, police, and other official governmental and local bodies. The study also makes good use of the Israeli press, both in Hebrew and in Yiddish, in order to shed light on the history of Yiddish in Israel. As such, the book should be of interest to scholars and students in Israel studies, and Jewish history, culture, and language. Apart from a short introduction and epilogue, the book contains seven chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of state policy vis-à-vis Yiddish (and Hebrew). The second chapter deals with the varied Yiddish press that flourished in Israel between 1948 and 1968. The third chapter interrogates Yiddish theater in Israel during more or less the same period. The fourth chapter focuses on "high Yiddish culture," namely the major journal Di goldene keyt (The golden chain), which was edited by the poet Avrom Sutzkever and published in Israel between 1949 and 1995, as well as the chair in Yiddish at the Hebrew University, which was inaugurated in 1951. The fifth chapter of the book tells the story of the establishment of the Yiddish group named Yung Yisroel (Young Israel) that produced what I consider the most important and interesting Yiddish literary texts in Israel. The sixth chapter examines a specific cultural moment, the theatrical production of the play Di megile by Itzik Manger in 1965, which according to Rojanski signaled a moment of change that went hand in hand with nostalgia and the "the return of Eastern Europe to Israel." The last chapter provides a sweeping overview of changes regarding the status of Yiddish in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s, as well as a suggestive analysis of recent trends in Israeli history. The main strength of the study is that it clearly demonstrates that one cannot understand Israeli history and culture without taking into account what was created in Yiddish. At the same time, one cannot understand Yiddish culture after the Holocaust without taking into account what was created in Israel. Thus, the book is truly a launching pad that will set in motion future studies of many aspects of this important and neglected topic. In the introduction, Rojanski writes that her study "challenges the long-held view that Yiddish was suppressed and even rejected by the state of Israel" (2). In the epilogue, she reiterates that her study "strongly contradicts the claims made by Yiddish activists that there was a deliberate anti-Yiddish policy in Israel. … The state of Israel never formulated a definitive policy of Yiddish, certainly not one that negated it" (282). It is difficult to argue with this conclusion, especially because the author provides abundant evidence to back it up, but this also raises many questions: Who are those people who long held the view that there was a deliberate policy against Yiddish in Israel? More importantly, Rojanski's main argument begs the question: Why is the policy of the State of Israel towards Yiddish so significant? The book clearly shows that there was no explicit legislation against Yiddish (or for that matter against any other "foreign" language) in Israel. In chapters 2 and 3, Rojanski also proves that the restrictions that were imposed by official authorities on the Yiddish press and theater were relatively [End Page 501] short-lived. However, the real issue, it seems to me, is not legislation, restrictions, and official policy, but the ideology of the state and the cultural assumptions of the society. If the ideology of the state and the society is antidiasporic and anti-Yiddish...

Bacchic Vocabulary Verbalizing Object of Drinking in Artistic World of Alexander Grin

The features of verbalization of the object of drinking in the artistic world of Alexander Grin are considered. The material for the research was the famous novels of the author “Scarlet Sails”, “The Golden Chain”, “Running on the Waves” and some stories. The novelty of the research is seen in the analysis of the individual author’s refraction of the wine drinking situation. Significant, from the point of view of the writer, aspects of the representation of this situation are highlighted. It is noted that the main dominant of the interpretation of the situation of wine drinking in the romantic works of Green is aesthetic. Particular attention is paid to the location of the wine, its “framing” in Bacchic descriptive contexts, in which the following elements are also significant: the golden-scarlet combination of the vessel and the contents, sophistication presented in the descriptions of the smallest details. It was revealed that the linguistic embodiment of such descriptions are epithets (qualitative and relative adjectives), comparative phrases and metaphors. It is shown that the aesthetic component is made up of visual (color), olfactory, tactile assessments, which together represent a feast, a celebration of life. When analyzing the axiological component in the representation of wine, it is noted that its value is determined by its “age”, which may correspond to the milestones of a person’s life or several generations.

Kilka uwag o systemie nazw barw w języku powieści Aleksandra Grina (pole błękitu)

The subject of this article are the linguistic exponents of the semantic field of blue, the analysis of which provides valuable information about the models of perception, association and interpretation of the world presented in the works of Alexander Grin. The novels Scarlet Sails, She Who Runs on the Waves, The Road to Nowhere, The Golden Chain and The Treasure of the African Mountains form the material basis of the research conducted. In the analyzed novels of Alexander Grin the semantic field of blue is represented by both basic names used to describe this color – синий (54 uses) and голубой (47 uses). The writer uses the blue colour most often in a conventional way and uses it to create the world presented. Blue is primarily associated with semantic fields such as “human” (33 uses), “artifacts” (26 uses), “water” (13 uses), and “air and weather phenomena” (10 uses). The excerpted material shows that it is relatively rare for the colour blue to characterize objects associated with light phenomena (5 uses), landforms (4 uses), flora (3 uses), fauna (3 uses), sky and stars (3 uses) and food (1 use).

"Золотая пропорция" и "золотая цепь" как проявление обобщенной формы гармонии с позиций соотношений части и целого

The paper presents the positions of the "Golden section", "Golden proportion", "Golden p - proportion". The position about the "Golden chain" as a generalized form of the "Golden section", a generalized form of harmony, is substantiated and formalized mathematically.

On the sources of cosmopolitanism as an idea: The Russian and the European views

The article is concerned with the difference in understanding of the term ‘cosmopolitan’ inRussiaandFrance. Often considered a predominantly negative phenomenon inRussia, cosmopolitanism fi st provoked a discussion at the time when the emphasis shifted from ideology to understanding of the historical-literary process. Since the late 18th c., the idea of the possible existence of a literary work within the global literary environment (the concept of world literature) was adjusted by the ‘golden chain’ metaphor, which enabled implementation of the ‘universality’ concept as a unity principally separate from the French idée universelle. During this evolutionary period emerged a distinctive subject of literary history: fi st, ‘humanity’ as a general term (initially identifi with universalism or cosmopolitanism), and then ‘a nation’. But it is the discovery of the national that the author believes is connected with particularism and provincialism, the latter summoning the memory of the noble intention of universalism and cosmopolitanism. An interim summary of the process was produced by Joseph Texte, a professor of comparative literature inLyon, at the end of the 19th c.

Non-destructive portable X-ray fluorescence analysis of the Portrait of a Young Man with a Golden Chain (c. 1635) by Rembrandt and/or atelier

XRF is a suitable tool for studies of cultural heritage, since it provides valuable information about the chemical composition of an artefact by means of a non-invasive, multi-elemental and non-destructive in situ analysis. This work presents and discuss the technical examination of the Portrait of a Young Man with a Golden Chain (c. 1635), a wood panel historically attributed to Rembrandt van Rijn and/or atelier, from the São Paulo Museum of Art (MASP) collection. Rembrandt was a Dutch painter, considered one of the greatest visual artists in the history of art. Besides his great success as a historical painter and portraitist, Rembrandt ran large workshops and had a large number of pupils and assistants. In situ PXRF were performed for the elemental characterization of the pigments presents in the painting. The results make possible the characterization of the original materials presents in the painting. Some of the materials identified were Lead White, Chalk, Vermilion, Bone Black, Azurite, Smalt, and earth pigments, such as Red, Yellow and Brown Ochres.

Temsula Ao and the Politics of Home in These Hills Called Home (2005) and Laburnum for My Head (2009)

Temsula Ao and the Politics of Home in These Hills Called Home (2005) and Laburnum for My Head (2009)

Gauging defects in quantum spin systems: A case study

The goal of this work is to build a dynamical theory of defects for quantum spin systems. A kinematic theory for an indefinite number of defects is first introduced exploiting distinguishable Fock space. Dynamics are then incorporated by allowing the defects to become mobile via a microscopic Hamiltonian. This construction is extended to topologically ordered systems by restricting to the ground state eigenspace of Hamiltonians generalizing the golden chain. We illustrate the construction with the example of a spin chain with $\mathbf{Vec}(\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})$ fusion rules, employing generalized tube algebra techniques to model the defects in the chain. The resulting dynamical defect model is equivalent to the critical transverse Ising model.

Lowbrows as Rebels: Under What Circumstances a “Low” Musical Genre Can Change its Cultural Value? The Case of Disco Polo and Populism in Poland

Abstract The sociology of culture and the sociology of valuation and evaluation are closely related (Lamont 2012). In both cases, social hierarchies are the primary, fundamental focal point. Usually, sociologists of culture show what the necessary conditions for building social boundaries in a given historical context are (see e.g. Bourdieu, 1984; Ang, 1985; Ikegami, 2005). The main aim of this paper, however, is to present how lowbrow aesthetics can resist fierce social critique and how social stigma related to “low” tastes can be reversed. I focus on “disco polo” – a genre of simple dance music that became popular in the early 1990s, almost disappeared in 2010s, and recently came back all of the sudden. Disco polo (henceforth: DP) formed an entire aesthetics style, comprising not only music and a kitschy (thus stigmatized and ridiculed) style of videos, but also androcentric values behind the lyrics, a specific way of dressing – with prominent status signifiers such as golden chains or sport cars. Although the empirical material comes from Poland, the core issue is far more generally applicable: the rehabilitation of the lowermost (from the point of view of Bourdieusian dominant classes) kitschy tastes (Kulka 1996; Ward 1996), which is very different from camp sensibility (Sontag 2018). How can lowbrow consumers resist symbolic oppression and derive pleasure from culturally sanctioned “shameful” objects? Focusing on the historical example of this typically Polish music genre, I will show under what circumstances the open rejection of legitimate tastes and admiration of low tastes is possible.

Foolishness, Darkened Icons and the Mechanism of Oblivion in the Context of the Semiotic System of Culture

Foolishness is understood in the context of a cultural semiotic system, where the proportional relation of the whole to the part reflecting the universal principles of the whole contains such phenomena and symbols as, on the one hand, a cosmic night, and on the other, oblivion, soviet theomachism darkened icon, foolishness. For the analysis of these categories, examples are given from the works of writers belonging to the golden chain of the Russian spiritual tradition.