Araucaria cunninghamii (hoop pine) is known for its traditional medicinal uses. The stem bark exudes resin, which possess anti-microbial properties, but its anti-diabetic potentials remain unknown. We investigated the anti-diabetic potentials and possible mode of actions of the stem bark exudate (resin) of A. cunninghamii. Phenolic content; α-glucosidase, DPP-IV and glycation inhibitory activities and glucose utilization and adipocyte differentiation modulatory activities of different solvent extracts (HEX, DCM, MeOH and DCM:HEX) of A. cunninghamii stem bark exudate were determined. Phenolic content did not differ among extracts. Alpha glucosidase inhibition of MeOH extract (48.5%) was twice (p < .05) that of other extracts (24.2%–26.6%), and comparable to that of acarbose (48.7%). DPP-IV inhibition of HEX, DCM and MeOH extracts was double (p < .05) that of DCM:HEX extracts. All extracts dose-dependently (5 and 50 μg/mL) inhibited glycation and significantly (p < .05) modulated glucose utilization in Chang liver cells. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, glucose utilization modulatory effect of MeOH extract was comparable to that of insulin. 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation was not altered by all extracts. Arachidonic acid and methyl oleate were identified by GC–MS in the MeOH extract. In silico docking showed that GLUT-4 (binding energy = −10.5 kcal mol−1) and α-glucosidase (binding energy = −8.5 kcal mol−1) are possible molecular targets of these compounds, respectively. Data suggest that the glucose uptake modulatory effect of A. cunninghamii stem bark exudate in adipocytes may be via GLUT-4 modulation, but independent of PPARγ. A. cunninghamii stem bark exudate showed great potentials for further investigation in the management of diabetes and its complications.