Global Prevalence Of Depression Research Articles

Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundSeveral preliminary studies have been conducted in the field of the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population. These studies have examined the prevalence in limited geographic areas with small sample sizes. Also, there are many limitations in the meta-analysis studies. The objective of the present study was to synthesize the global prevalence statistics of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population through a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsThe present systematic review included retrieval of primary studies from the oldest relevant study up to 2023. To find the relevant studies, international databases such as Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS) were systematically searched. Also, a manual search was performed through the Google Scholar search engine and a review of the sources of related articles. The qualitative assessment of the studies was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. Due to a high heterogeneity among the study results, a Random Effects model was chosen.ResultsA total of 42 articles on depression, 47 articles on anxiety and 13 articles on stress were included in the meta-analysis. The overall estimates for prevalence based on a random-effects model were as follows: depression, 19.2% (95% CI: 13.0 − 27.5%); anxiety, 16.5% (95% CI: 11.1 − 22.8%); and stress, 13.9% (95% CI: 5.5 − 30.9%). The highest prevalence of depression and anxiety was recorded in Africa. The prevalence of depression was higher in nursing homes, and stress was more prevalent in individuals with COVID-19 compared to other populations.ConclusionThe findings revealed a high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare professionals and policymakers pay more attention to the prevention and management of these disorders in the elderly population.

Global prevalence of depression in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with psychosocial problems, especially depression, contributing to poor overall outcomes. Depression has not been given adequate priority in the management of CKD patientsdespite its significant adverse impacton all major outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis determined the pooled prevalence of clinical depression in the global CKD population and sub-populations. PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), and EMBASE were systematically searched to identify published articles with relevant data. The pooled prevalence of clinical depression in the global CKD population was determined using random effects meta-analytic techniques. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022382708). Sixty-five articles were included in this review, comprising 80,932 individuals with CKD from 27 countries. The participants' mean age ranged from 11.0 to 76.3years. Most (70.4%) of the studies had medium methodological quality. The overall pooled prevalence of depression was 26.5% (95% CI 23.1-30.1%). Studies using the Diagnostic Statistical Manual for Mental Diseases (DSM) and International Classification of Disease (ICD) returned a pooled prevalence of 25.5% and 39.6%, respectively, p = 0.03. There was a significant difference in the pooled prevalence across regions; p = 0.002.The prevalence of depression was higher among individuals on chronic hemodialysis compared to pre-dialysis patients (29.9% versus 18.5%; p = 0.01) and among those on hemodialysis compared to peritoneal dialysis (30.6% versus 20.4%; p = 0.04). There was no significant difference between adults and children (26.8% versus 15.9%, p = 0.21). There was an increasing temporal trend in depression prevalence, though this did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.16). Depression is common in patients with CKD. The findings of this study highlight the need for clinicians to make efforts to evaluate individuals with CKD for depression, especially those with advanced stages of the disease.

Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Mindfulness in Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Background. The global prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders underscores the need for a more profound comprehension of effective treatments. Mindfulness has shown promise in enhancing treatment outcomes and preventing relapse in these conditions, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Methods. This study examined the role of emotion regulation as a mediator in the relationship between changes in mindfulness and the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms during individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). We tracked longitudinal changes in mindfulness, emotion regulation, depression, and anxiety at baseline (pre), early treatment (session 5), midtreatment (session 15), and posttreatment (session 25) in 162 patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Further, we examined whether the effects of mindfulness on emotion regulation could be enhanced by introducing a brief mindfulness intervention at the beginning of each CBT session, as compared to progressive muscle relaxation and individual psychotherapy without any standardized session-introducing interventions. Results. Multilevel structural equation modeling indicated that decreases in rumination and increases in reappraisal and acceptance mediated the relationship between mindfulness and reductions in depressive symptoms. In contrast, reductions in avoidance explained the association between mindfulness and changes in anxiety symptoms. These links remained unchanged when adding a mindfulness intervention into individual CBT. Conclusion. Results support emotion regulatory properties of mindfulness and highlight distinct pathways of symptom reduction in depression and anxiety. These findings have important implications for understanding the mechanisms of mindfulness and tailoring treatment to individual patient needs. This trial is registered with NTC02270073.

The Economics of Treatment for Depression.

The global prevalence of depression has risen over the past three decades across all socioeconomic groups and geographic regions, with a particularly rapid increase in prevalence among adolescents (aged 12-17 years) in the United States. Depression imposes large health, economic, and societal costs, including reduced life span and quality of life, medical costs, and reduced educational attainment and workplace productivity. A wide range of treatment modalities for depression are available, but socioeconomic disparities in treatment access are driven by treatment costs, lack of culturally tailored options, stigma, and provider shortages, among other barriers. This review highlights the need for comparative research to better understand treatments' relative efficacy, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and potential heterogeneity in efficacy across socioeconomic groups and country and cultural contexts. To address the growing burden of depression, mental health policy could consider reducing restrictions on the supply of providers, implementing digital interventions, reducing stigma, and promoting healthy lifestyles.

What is the place of universal, selective, and indicated prevention strategies for depression and other mood disorders?

Given the global prevalence of depression and other major mood disorders, the evidence of increasing rates among younger cohorts, the limited capacity of most treatment systems to respond to increasing demands for care, and the reality that services do not connect with a large proportion of those living with depressive disorders, a greater emphasis is being placed on our capacity to prevent the onset, recurrence, or persistence of these disabling conditions (Herrman et al., 2022).

The silent epidemic; the toll of mental health in occupied Palestine

Background: There is an elevated prevalence of depression and PTSD reported in residents of Occupied Palestine compared to their neighboring country of Israel. Objective: To determine the causes of increased prevalence of PTSD and depression compared to their Israeli counterparts, Palestinians would inform local and global mental health programs of the severity, allowing for better treatment opportunities. Method: Thirty-two original studies published between 1974 and 2020 were reviewed using a combination of PubMed, Google Scholar, and independent textbooks to search for materials and analyze statistics and information. The inclusion criteria included cross-searching the topics' Palestine, PTSD, Depression, Israel, and Jordan' and using this technique resulted in 120 articles. The following aspects were considered: study type, sample, article title, and key findings, limiting the literature review to 32 articles. Results: Palestinians are much more likely to suffer from PTSD and depression than the global average and their neighboring countries. The global prevalence of depression and PTSD are 5% and 3.6%, respectively. The prevalence of severe PTSD in children living in the Gaza Strip is 32.7%. Furthermore, depression in Palestine is among the highest rates in the world, affecting 40% of Palestinians.

PCR254 Targeted Literature Review of Caregiver Burden and Generational Burden in Depression

As of 2020, the global prevalence of depression was approximately 246 million individuals; depression contributes substantially to the clinical, economic, and humanistic global burden of disease. The humanistic burden often includes impaired interpersonal relationships, decreased quality of life, and increased suicide risk. However, the burden extends beyond the patient with depression. Due to severe, long-lasting symptoms, depression can have a significant impact on caregivers and families and its presence in the progeny of afflicted parents can result in generational burden. This targeted literature review examined the caregiver burden and generational impact of depression.

Global prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Depression and anxiety are associated with poorer outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prevalence of depression and anxiety in HCC are unclear. We aimed to establish the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC. MEDLINE and Embase were searched and original articles reporting prevalence of anxiety or depression in patients with HCC were included. A generalized linear mixed model with Clopper-Pearson intervals was used to obtain the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC. Risk factors were analyzed via a fractional-logistic regression model. Seventeen articles involving 64,247 patients with HCC were included. The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC was 24.04% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.99-38.11%) and 22.20% (95% CI, 10.07-42.09%) respectively. Subgroup analysis determined that the prevalence of depression was lowest in studies where depression was diagnosed via clinician-administered scales (16.07%;95% CI, 4.42-44.20%) and highest in self-reported scales (30.03%; 95% CI, 17.19-47.01%). Depression in patients with HCC was lowest in the Americas (16.44%; 95% CI, 6.37-36.27%) and highest in South-East Asia (66.67%; 95% CI, 56.68-75.35%). Alcohol consumption, cirrhosis, and college education significantly increased risk of depression in patients with HCC. One in four patients with HCC have depression, while one in five have anxiety. Further studies are required to validate these findings, as seen from the wide CIs in certain subgroup analyses. Screening strategies for depression and anxiety should also be developed for patients with HCC.

Commentary: The global prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students and its influencing factors - a commentary on Li etal. (2022).

The commentary cites a study by Li and colleagues (2022) that conducted a comprehensive study of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students worldwide. We highlight the valuable contribution of this work to ongoing research, policy, and practice related to the early diagnosis and prevention of depression and anxiety symptoms in college students. The comprehensive report compensates for the lack of similar comprehensive studies in relevant areas and draws attention to the limitations of this and similar studies that require new solutions if well-designed, theoretically robust and implementable interventions are to be advanced. The author's work is timely and persuasive, providing important insights and theoretical support for specific work in the field of mental health of college students.

The global png health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundThis study was designed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature examining the prevalence of depression among hospital staff and the impact of various factors with a view to organize related programs for reducing the complications of this mental disorder.MethodA total of 24 studies were extracted from a literature search conducted through electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2019 to February 2021.FindingsFollowing the extraction of data, the total number of hospital staff was reported to be 42,010. Based on the results, depression prevalence among them was 26% (95% Cl, 0.18–0.35). Furthermore correlation coefficients revealed a significant relationship between the rate of depression and variables including type of career, age, and gender (P-value < 0.05). The highest and lowest prevalence of depressive disorder among hospital staff was in Africa 82% (95% Cl, 0.35–0.97) and Asia 19% (95% Cl, 0.11–0.29).ConclusionOur findings affirmed that female workers who aged between 29 and 35 and worked as administrative and support staff in hospitals were among the population being at higher risk of developing mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Global Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Insomnia Among General Population During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

This study aimed to examine research findings related to depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also explored periodic changes in the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia among the general people during this pandemic. We performed a meta-analysis by searching articles from several sources (PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar). We used the random-effects models, subgroup analysis, and heterogeneity test approaches. Results show that the prevalence of depression, stress, and insomnia increased during March to April 2020 (30.51%, 29.4%, and 25%, respectively) compared to the study period before February 2020 (25.25%, 16.27%, and 22.63%, respectively) and followed in May to June 2020 (16.47%, 5.1%, and 19.86, respectively). The prevalence of depression and anxiety from k = 30 studies was 28.18% (95% CI: 23.81–32.54) and 29.57% (95% CI: 24.67–34.47), respectively. And the prevalence of stress (k = 13) was 25.18% (95% CI: 14.82–35.54), and the prevalence of insomnia (k = 12) was 23.50% (95% CI: 16.44–30.57). These prevalence estimates during the pandemic are very high compared to normal times. Hence, the governments and policymakers should apply proven strategies and interventions to avoid psychological adversity and improve overall mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Global Rise of Depression Prevalence Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

The immense burden of depressive disorders is on the rise, with global prevalence estimates in 2017 ranging from 4% to 13%. The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is likely to impact the established risk factors for depressive disorders. Thus, a rapid increase in depression prevalence can be expected amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Using epidemiologic data (N=111,225) derived from an extant online survey “Measuring Worldwide COVID-19 Attitudes and Beliefs” (launched by Fetzer and colleagues, March-April 2020) in 178 countries, we examined age-dependent global prevalence of depression and assessed the impact of social factors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on depressive symptomatology. Point prevalence of depression was measured using the PHQ8 standard cut-off score (i.e., ≥10). Correlates of depressive symptoms were analyzed with hierarchical regression modeling separately in three age groups, i.e., 18-34, 35-54 and 55+ years. We found that nearly 20% of individuals globally revealed significant symptoms of depression, including 27% of young, 15% middle-aged, 9% adults aged 55+. These data suggest that the prevalence of depression is 2-5 times higher than global estimates preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. Regression modeling explained approx. 50% variability in depressive symptoms across the three age groups. Increased risk of depression was found in females, single or divorced individuals, and those who presented poorer health and higher anxiety. Social restrictions amid the COVID-19 pandemic were marginal risks for depression. Together, this study highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of people of different ages and urges the development of increased access to psychological interventions.

The global prevalence of depression, suicide ideation, and attempts in the military forces: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of cross sectional studies

BackgroundGiven the wide range of depressive disorders, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in various military studies around the world, determining the exact prevalence of these disorders in line with health planning as well as care and treatment service designing for military forces can be useful. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to determine the pooled prevalence of depressive disorders, suicide thoughts, and attempts in the military.MethodsThe present systematic review and meta-analysis study was performed based on PRISMA criteria in 5 steps of the search strategy, screening and selection of articles, data extraction, evaluation of article quality and meta-analysis. International databases (PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of science, Embase (Elsevier), PsycInfo (Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL (Ovid)) were searched using related keywords extracted from Mesh and Emtree. After screening and final selection of articles, data were extracted and qualitative evaluation was performed using the NOS checklist.ResultsThe results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of depression in active military forces and veterans was 23% (%95 CI: 20–26%) and 20% (%95 CI: 18–22%), respectively. In addition, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts in the military was 11% (%95 CI: 10–13%) and 11% (%95 CI: 9–13%), respectively. The prevalence of suicide ideation and attempts in drug-using military was 18% (%95 CI: 7–33%) and 30% (%95 CI: 23–36%), respectively. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts in military consuming alcohol were 9% (%95 CI: 4–13%) and 8% (%95 CI: 7–10%), respectively. In militaries with AIDS / HIV, the prevalence of suicide attempts was 5% (%95 CI: 4–8%).ConclusionTherefore, it is necessary to develop and design training and intervention programs in order to increase the awareness of the military, especially veterans, to prevent the occurrence of suicide and depression.

Global prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Adolescence is a formative and turbulent phase where physiological, psychosocial, and cognitive changes leave adolescents vulnerable to psychological disorders. Given the lack of reviews that consolidate and compare worldwide prevalence of depression among adolescents, this review aims to examine the global prevalence of major depressive disorders, dysthymia, and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Six databases were searched for studies published from 2001 to December 2020. Seventy-two studies were included. Subgroup analysis were performed for year of publication, geographical region, gender, and assessment tools used. The global point prevalence rate of elevated self-reported depressive symptoms from 2001 to 2020 was 34% (95% CI: 0.30-0.38). Point prevalence for major depressive disorder (MDD) and dysthymia was 8% (95% CI: 0.02-0.13) and 4% (95% CI: 0.01-0.07), respectively. The pooled one-year prevalence and lifetime prevalence for MDD were 8% (95% CI: 0.05-0.12) and 19% (95% CI: 0.12-0.26). Point prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents increased from 24% (95% CI: 0.19-0.28) between 2001 and 2010 to 37% (95% CI: 0.32-0.42) between 2011 and 2020. The Middle East, Africa, and Asia have the highest prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms, and female adolescents were reported to have a higher prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms than male adolescents. Besides targeting those with existing clinical depression, research and policies should also focus on educational and supportive mitigation efforts to curb depressive symptoms among adolescents before escalation. The findings encourage future research to develop more gender-specific and culturally relevant intervention programmes. 34% of adolescents globally, aged 10-19 years, are at risk of developing clinical depression, which exceeds the reported estimates of individuals aged 18 to 25 years. Practitioners are highly encouraged to prioritize depression screening and intervention implementation for individuals in this age group. Female adolescents and adolescents from Middle East, Africa, and Asia have the highest risk of developing depression. This urges practitioners and researchers to develop more gender-specific and culturally relevant intervention programmes.

Global Prevalence of Depression among Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression among heart failure (HF) patients. Depression is one of the main risk factors of mortality and reduction in quality of life in patients with HR. Despite individual studies, there is no comprehensive study on depression in HF patients. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) were searched from January 1, 2000, to December 15, 2020. The keywords used included: depression and heart failure. The research stages including search, screening, quality evaluation, and extraction of study data were performed separately by two researchers. A total of 149 studies performed on 305,407 HF patients entered the final stage. The global prevalence of any severity and moderate to severe severity of depression was 41.9% and 28.1%, respectively. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of depression was higher in women (45.5%) than in men. Also, according to the NHYA classification, the prevalence of depression in patients in stages three and four (54.7%) was higher than stages 1 and 2. The prevalence of depression was higher in the EMRO region (70.1%) and lower economic status countries (56.7%).The high prevalence of depression among HF patients indicates the importance of paying more attention and providing the necessary training for patients to reduce depression.

The Global Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and, Insomnia and Its Changes Among Health Professionals During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BackgroundThis research aims to provide an overall scenario of the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, as well as insomnia and to inspect the change in these prevalence between two time points by analyzing the existing evidence during this COVID-19 pandemic on these issues.Study designDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the health professionals who are at the frontline of this crisis have been facing extreme psychological disorders. A systematic review has been conducted for finding the extreme psychological disorders among health professionals worldwide.MethodsA systematic search was performed on October 31, 2020, in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases. To assess the heterogeneity, Q-test, and I 2 statistics and to search for the publication bias, Eggers’s test and funnel plot were used. The random-effect model and subgroup analysis were performed due to the significant heterogeneity.ResultsAmong twenty-seven eligible studies in the final synthesis, 24 studies (n=99829) assessed the depression prevalence of 39.82%, 26 studies (n=1000705) reported the anxiety prevalence of 54.33%, 10 studies (n=59221) assessed the stress prevalence of 54.33%, 11 studies (n=19285) enunciated the insomnia prevalence of 40.52%. Also, the severity of the mental health problems among health professionals increased after March 31, 2020, compared to the earlier stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionsTherefore, it is an emergency to develop psychological interventions that can protect the mental health of vulnerable groups like health professionals.

Effectiveness of gatekeepers' training for suicide prevention program among medical professionals and medical undergraduate students of a medical college from Western India

Introduction:Suicide risk among Indigenous populations is a multifaceted phenomenon, influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors at the individual level, as well as cultural, political, and economic issues at the family and community level. The global prevalence of depression among medical students was recently estimated to be 28.0 % according to a meta-analysis of 77 studies. In the field of suicide prevention, the term gatekeeper refers to “individuals in a community who have face-to-face contact with large numbers of community members as part of their usual routine.” They may be trained to “identify persons at risk of suicide and refer them to treatment or supporting services as appropriate”. In our study we aimed to improved attitude and knowledge in gatekeeper to improve detection and referral of individuals who are at risk of suicide.Methods and Material:We adapted an evidence-based gatekeeper training into a two-hour, multi-modal and interactive event for medical professional and undergraduate students. Then we evaluated the intervention compared to free-recall knowledge and attitudes questions were examined before and after participation in a student and faculty gatekeeper training program. Focus groups with students enriched interpretation of quantitative results.Statistical analysis used:Knowledge, attitudes, and skills of both students and teachers were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U-test. Comparison of knowledge, attitudes, and skills between both groups was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results:Undergraduate students developed more positive attitude for suicidal behavior where faculties developed more confident in their skill after training sessions.Conclusion:brief gatekeeper training found effective in improving knowledge about suicide. Also, increasing participants' accuracy to identify warning signs, risk factors and protective factors about suicide.

Glucocorticoids in the Physiological and Transcriptional Regulation of 5-HT1A Receptor and the Pathogenesis of Depression

There is growing increase in the global prevalence of depression, but treatment outcome of this highly disabling disease is not satisfactory. Many patients are not benefitted by the currently prescribed antidepressants—together with this partial remission is very common. Improving treatment strategies and developing better therapeutic agents for treating depression is therefore highly needed. Stress-related epigenetic changes play a critical role in the pathogenesis as well as treatment of depression. Stressful events activate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to increase circulating levels of glucocorticoids (GCs), and a greater sensitivity to this fright and flight response increases risk of depression. A role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in responses to stress and in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression is well established. Substantial evidence supports a critical role of 5-HT1A receptors in these effects of 5-HT. The present article targets stress-induced higher and sustained increases of GCs and mediated influences on the physiological as well transcriptional regulation of 5-HT1A receptors to evaluate their causal role in the pathogenesis of depression. It is suggested that synthetic compounds with antagonist activity for GC receptors and agonist activity for 5-HT1A receptors may prove better therapeutic agents for treating depression.

Vitiligo and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting skin disease which is often accompanied by mental distress. There are numerous studies dedicated to local and global prevalence of depression in patients with vitiligo but anxiety has not been recognized as a major mental problem within named population. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety among patients with vitiligo from different countries and to compare it with patients suffering from eczema, psoriasis, and acne. In November 2019, we conducted a systematic search for observational studies that examined the prevalence of anxiety in vitiligo patients. Fifteen studies comprising 1176 patients with vitiligo were included to our systematic review. The general prevalence of anxiety among vitiligo patients was equal to 35.8%. Statistically significant difference in anxiety rates was found among female and male patients (47.32% vs 42.4%) (P = 0.03), but the clinical relevance of this issue remains arguable. In addition, the pooled odds ratio among vitiligo and non-vitiligo patients did not indicate a statistical significance among patients coming from different continents. The pooled prevalence of anxiety among vitiligo patients worldwide was comparable to other severe skin disorders. This finding accentuates the necessity of anxiety awareness in management of patients with skin diseases.

Global prevalence of depression among breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Depression in patients with breast cancer imposes huge costs to patients, families, and healthcare systems. The present study aimed at evaluating the global prevalence depression among patients with breast cancer. In this meta-analysis, three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from 1 January, 2000 until 30 March, 2019. The Hoy tool was used to evaluate the quality of the articles included in the meta-analysis. The search, screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction were carried out by two of the researchers. Of 47,424 studies, 72 studies performed in 30 countries entered the final stage of analysis. The global prevalence of depression was 32.2%. Specifically, the prevalence of depression was highest in the Eastern Mediterranean region and twice as high in middle-income countries as compared to developed countries. Regarding the high prevalence of depression in patients with breast cancer, it is vital to carry out screening within standard time periods and offer the necessary emotional support.