Global Leadership Research Articles

Assessing pandemic preparedness, response, and lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in four south American countries: agenda for the future.

The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in a context that lacked adequate prevention, preparedness, and response (PPR) activities, and global, regional, and national leadership. South American countries were among world's hardest hit by the pandemic, accounting for 10.1% of total cases and 20.1% of global deaths. This study explores how pandemic PPR were affected by political, socioeconomic, and health system contexts as well as how PPR may have shaped pandemic outcomes in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. We then identify lessons learned and advance an agenda for improving PPR capacity at regional and national levels. We do this through a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study in four South American countries based on structured interviews and focus groups with elite policy makers. The results of our study demonstrate that structural and contextual barriers limited PPR activities at political, social, and economic levels in each country, as well as through the structure of the health care system. Respondents believe that top-level government officials had insufficient political will for prioritizing pandemic PPR and post-COVID-19 recovery programs within their countries' health agendas. We recommend a regional COVID-19 task force, post-pandemic recovery, social and economic protection for vulnerable groups, improved primary health care and surveillance systems, risk communication strategies, and community engagement to place pandemic PPR on Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru and other South American countries' national public health agendas.

Guidance for assessment of the inflammation etiologic criterion for the GLIM diagnosis of malnutrition: A modified Delphi approach

The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) approach to malnutrition diagnosis is based on assessment of three phenotypic (weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced skeletal muscle mass) and two etiologic (reduced food intake/assimilation and disease burden/inflammation) criteria, with diagnosis confirmed by fulfillment of any combination of at least one phenotypic and at least one etiologic criterion. The original GLIM description provided limited guidance regarding assessment of inflammation and this has been a factor impeding further implementation of the GLIM criteria. We now seek to provide practical guidance for assessment of inflammation in support of the etiologic criterion for inflammation. A GLIM-constituted working group with 36 participants developed consensus-based guidance through a modified-Delphi review. A multi-round review and revision process served to develop seven guidance statements. The final round of review was highly favorable with 99% overall "agree" or "strongly agree" responses. The presence of acute or chronic disease, infection or injury that is usually associated with inflammatory activity may be used to fulfill the GLIM disease burden/inflammation criterion, without the need for laboratory confirmation. However, we recommend that recognition of underlying medical conditions commonly associated with inflammation be supported by C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements when the contribution of inflammatory components is uncertain. Interpretation of CRP requires that consideration be given to the method, reference values, and units (mg/dL or mg/L) for the clinical laboratory that is being used. Confirmation of inflammation should be guided by clinical judgement based upon underlying diagnosis or condition, clinical signs, or CRP.

Risk factors for malnutrition in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Malnutrition is a common complication in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, there are few studies on risk factors for malnutrition in NPC patients. Our aims were to identify the risk factors for malnutrition in NPC patients. NPC patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study, and they were divided into well-nourished and malnourished groups according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). Potential risk factors were initially screened using univariate analysis (p < 0.1), and the selected ones were analyzed by logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05) to identify the risk factors for malnutrition in NPC patients. In total, 305 NPC patients meeting eligibility criteria were enrolled. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.596, 95% CI 0.520-0.683, p < 0.001), the high total radiation dose received (OR = 1.046, 95% CI 1.023-1.069, p < 0.001), appetite loss (OR = 2.839, 95% CI 1.269-6.353, p = 0.011), and low PA (OR = 0.993, 95% CI 0.988-0.998, p = 0.008) were risk factors for malnutrition in NPC patients. The low BMI, the high total radiation dose received, appetite loss, and low prealbumin were risk factors for malnutrition in NPC patients.

Sarcopenia predicts postoperative complications and survival in colorectal cancer patients with GLIM-defined malnutrition: Analysis from a prospective cohort study

ObjectiveTo investigate whether sarcopenia could predict postoperative outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer with Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM)-defined malnutrition. MethodsClinical data of patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer were prospectively collected. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by the combination of low handgrip strength and low muscle quantity or quality as measured by abdominal computed tomography (CT) images. Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were performed to identify independent predictors for postoperative complications and survival, respectively. ResultsA total of 310 patients with colorectal cancer with GLIM-defined malnutrition were included, of which 145 (46.77%) were identified with sarcopenia. Malnutritional patients with sarcopenia had significantly higher incidences of total complications (34.5% versus 15.8%), severe complications (9.7% versus 1.8%), longer lengths of postoperative hospital stay (median, 14 days versus 12 days), and more costs (median, 56,257 RMB versus 49,024 RMB) than those without sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was an independent predictive factor for postoperative complications (OR 2.531, 95% CI 1.451–4.415), overall survival (HR 1.519, 95% CI 1.026–2.248), and disease-free survival (HR 1.847, 95% CI 1.324–2.576). Patients with severe sarcopenia had a higher incidence of severe complications but not total complications or survival than those with not-severe sarcopenia. Moreover, the predictive value of sarcopenia for postoperative complications was attributed to muscle strength and quality but not muscle quantity. ConclusionSarcopenia predicts postoperative complications and survival in patients with colorectal cancer with GLIM-defined malnutrition. Preoperative assessment of sarcopenia is still necessary when nutritional assessment has been well performed.

OUR GREATEST OPPOSITION IS OUR DIVISION

AbstractThe author connects her work of 2001 as a writer and managing editor for a research project about the “global leader of the future,” which grew into the book Global Leadership: the Next Generation; with her current work as editor‐in‐chief of Leader to Leader. It is also connected with her earlier partnership and collaboration with Frances Hesselbein, Leader to Leader’s founder and longtime editor‐in‐chief. This is further tied to the author’s collaborations with former CEO of Boeing Commercial Airplanes and Ford Motor Company, Alan Mulally. The latter was the first recipient of the Leader to Leader Institute’s Leader of the Future award, presented by Hesselbein in 2006. The author shares remarks she “made recently at a 100 Coaches event in Nashville that describe why Frances Hesselbein, Marshall Goldsmith, I, and many more, want Alan’s ’Working Together’ to reach as broad an audience as possible.” Within she includes comments made by Frances in 2006 for the award presented to Mulally: “Alan is the leader in Marshall’s vision of the stakeholder centered leader whose leadership and management system includes all of the stakeholders and helps successful leaders, their teams and organizations become even more successful using stakeholder centered coaching.”

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinimetric properties of the core outcome measurement instruments for clinical effectiveness trials of nutritional and metabolic interventions in critical illness (CONCISE)

BackgroundCONCISE is an internationally agreed minimum set of outcomes for use in nutritional and metabolic clinical research in critically ill adults. Clinicians and researchers need to be aware of the clinimetric properties of these instruments and understand any limitations to ensure valid and reliable research. This systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the clinimetric properties of the measurement instruments identified in CONCISE.MethodsFour electronic databases were searched from inception to December 2022 (MEDLINE via Ovid, EMBASE via Ovid, CINAHL via Healthcare Databases Advanced Search, CENTRAL via Cochrane). Studies were included if they examined at least one clinimetric property of a CONCISE measurement instrument or recognised variation in adults ≥ 18 years with critical illness or recovering from critical illness in any language. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist for systematic reviews of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures was used. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were used in line with COSMIN guidance. The COSMIN checklist was used to evaluate the risk of bias and the quality of clinimetric properties. Overall certainty of the evidence was rated using a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Narrative synthesis was performed and where possible, meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsA total of 4316 studies were screened. Forty-seven were included in the review, reporting data for 12308 participants. The Short Form-36 Questionnaire (Physical Component Score and Physical Functioning), sit-to-stand test, 6-m walk test and Barthel Index had the strongest clinimetric properties and certainty of evidence. The Short Physical Performance Battery, Katz Index and handgrip strength had less favourable results. There was limited data for Lawson Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. The risk of bias ranged from inadequate to very good. The certainty of the evidence ranged from very low to high.ConclusionsVariable evidence exists to support the clinimetric properties of the CONCISE measurement instruments. We suggest using this review alongside CONCISE to guide outcome selection for future trials of nutrition and metabolic interventions in critical illness.Trial registration : PROSPERO (CRD42023438187). Registered 21/06/2023.

Malnutrition Is Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

The relationship between malnutrition and diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between malnutrition and DR in type 2 diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 612 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Four malnutrition assessment tools: Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, controlling nutritional status (CONUT), nutritional risk index (NRI), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), were applied to assess the nutritional status of the study population. The association between malnutrition and DR was examined using multivariable logistic regression and ordered logistic regression. The proportion of malnutrition varied from 10.0% to 34.3% in total patients and from 16.3% to 45.1% in DR patients across the assessment tools. DR patients were more likely to be malnourished than patients without DR. The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for DR of malnutrition defined by different tools were 1.86 (1.01-3.14) for GLIM criteria, 1.67 (1.04-2.70) for NRI, and 2.24 (1.07-4.69) for PNI. The aOR and 95% CI for the severity of DR of malnutrition defined by different tools were 1.99 (1.12-3.51) for GLIM criteria, 1.65 (1.06-2.58) for NRI, and 2.51 (1.31-4.79) for PNI. Malnutrition was common in DR patients, and it was closely linked to the presence and severity of DR. Diabetic patients with DR should undergo nutritional assessment and early treatment of malnutrition to prevent the onset or progression of DR.

The Global leadership into malnutrition criteria reveals a high percentage of malnutrition which influences overall survival in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours using somatostatin analogues

The Global leadership into malnutrition criteria reveals a high percentage of malnutrition which influences overall survival in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours using somatostatin analogues

Global climate governance leadership: Current status, measurement, and improvement paths

In an era characterized by increased global competition, global climate governance has evolved beyond the confines of environmental issues alone, highlighting the critical importance of international collaboration. This study presents a comprehensive leadership evaluation index system for global climate governance, premised on an extensive analysis of leadership theories. The system explores leadership through three dimensions: directional leadership, structural leadership, and cognitive leadership. In applying this system, the study establishes a set of stringent criteria at the intersections of national carbon emissions and economic development, subsequently selecting 53 countries that serve as representative subjects in the various climate negotiation interest groups for evaluation and analysis. Finally, the research achieves the following findings: 1) A significant difference in leadership remains between developed and developing countries. In an in-depth comparison across the three major global economies—China, the United States, and the European Union —China's leadership is observed to be in a relatively tenuous position. This is particularly evident in structural leadership, where the difference is most pronounced, while the gap in cognitive leadership is comparatively narrower. 2) The study reveals a marked decoupling between power and responsibilities in the climate negotiation interest groups. Countries facing greater pressure to reduce emissions exhibit lower leadership capability, whereas countries with higher historical emissions exhibit greater leadership capability. 3) Utilizing the DEMATEL model, the study identifies critical indicators of carbon neutrality leadership and engages in a quantitative analysis of pathways to strengthen national climate governance leadership. The findings suggest that policies centered on carbon neutrality and proactive international engagement in climate governance stand out as viable strategies for enhancing leadership capability.

‘Becoming’ a global leader: China’s evolving official media discourse in Xi’s New Era

This paper investigates the discourses on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) from China Global Television Network’s YouTube channel. As China’s key diplomatic initiative, the BRI discourses provide us rich resources to understand how China wants the international community to see it, and how it intends to lead the world. The paper finds that China has developed a much clearer vision and more consistent discourse on the world order and its role in it. However, our data produces no evidence to support the claim that China wants to take over the existing global order. Rather, China seeks legitimacy to share global leadership.

Switching the World’s Salt Supply—Learning from Iodization to Achieve Potassium Enrichment

Sodium is an essential dietary component, but excess sodium intake can lead to high blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Many national and international bodies, including the World Health Organization, have advocated for population-wide sodium reduction interventions. Most have been unsuccessful due to inadequate sodium reduction by food industry and difficulties in persuading consumers to add less salt to food. Recent research highlights potassium-enriched salt as a new, feasible, acceptable, and scalable approach to reducing the harms caused by excess sodium and inadequate potassium consumption. Modeling shows that a global switch from regular salt to potassium-enriched salt has the potential to avert millions of strokes, heart attacks, and premature deaths worldwide each year. There will be many challenges in switching the world’s salt supply to potassium-enriched salt, but the success of universal salt iodization shows that making a global change to the manufacture and use of salt is a tractable proposition. This in-depth review of universal salt iodization identified the importance of a multisectoral effort with strong global leadership, the support of multilateral organizations, engagement with the salt industry, empowered incountry teams, strong participation of national governments, understanding the salt supply chain, and a strategic advocacy and communication plan. Key challenges to the implementation of the iodization program were costs to government, industry, and consumers, industry concerns about consumer acceptability, variance in the size and capabilities of salt producers, inconsistent quality control, ineffective regulation, and trade-related regulatory issues. Many of the opportunities and challenges to universal salt iodization will likely also be applicable to switching the global salt supply to iodized and potassium-enriched salt.

Theoretical Research into Leadership for Sustainability

Given the social and environmental challenges facing all organizations, there is a need for new leadership models, methods, and tools for implementing organizational change for sustainable development. Thus, throughout this article, it is reviewed the current approaches to leadership for sustainability in terms of their conceptual frameworks and extant research, which all advocate a balanced stakeholder approach to leadership to address the social and environmental issues related to sustainability and sustainable development. Being drawn from spiritual and centered on leadership theories, the article offers a Global Leadership for Sustainability model that incorporates and extends the conceptual domain beyond current approaches to leadership for sustainability. Spirituality, through the qualities of self-transcendence and interconnectedness, is critical for sustainability and fundamental for Global Leadership for Sustainability. The article also emphasizes the importance of cultivating a Global Mindset for Sustainability, which incorporates two ethical principles—an ethic of remote moral responsibility and an ethic of care and compassion. As a result, global leaders for sustainability become more committed to moving beyond satisfying stakeholders’ demands for economic returns, towards a more sustainable, triple-bottom line, balanced approach. Finally, we discuss implications for theory, research, and practice. Global leaders for sustainability are consequently more dedicated to adopting a triple-bottom-line, balanced approach that goes beyond meeting stakeholders' needs for financial gains. To change the paradigm of leadership and develop leaders who can cooperate to tackle difficult sustainability challenges, sustainability education is crucial. An up-to-date and broadened understanding of leadership is what ‘leadership for sustainability' means, putting sustainable values into practice, leading from a paradigm of living processes, and developing an inclusive, collaborative, and reflective leadership style. To make recommendations for best practices in leadership development, this study reviews and integrates literature on leadership, leadership development, and sustainability education. The following are some recommended pedagogical strategies for developing leaders: self-observation and awareness, contemplation, inquiry into various and ecological viewpoints, experiential learning, and community engagement.

Kontribusi Perpustakaan Islam terhadap Era Renaisans di Eropa: Perspektif Historis

This article explores the vital role of Islamic libraries in transmitting scientific knowledge during the European Renaissance, contributing to Europe's modern-era advancement. Utilizing a qualitative approach with a historical literature review, the study analyzes data from various historical documents through heuristics, criticism, verification, interpretation, and historiography. It identifies three main channels for knowledge transfer from the East to the West: Andalusia, Sicily, and the Crusades. Andalusia, in particular, became a hub of scholarship and civilization, resulting in the translation and dissemination of diverse books, ultimately leading to the establishment of European universities. A parallel transformation occurred in Sicily, where an Islamic system persisted under Christian rule. The introduction of paper and the printing press facilitated the widespread dissemination of knowledge. Averroism, influenced by these developments, played a pivotal role in catalyzing the Renaissance, shaping Europe's trajectory towards exploration and global leadership in modern civilization. Islamic libraries' contributions in transmitting scientific knowledge significantly influenced the Renaissance, laying the foundation for Europe's subsequent achievements and leadership in the modern world.

HOW TO BECOME A HUMAN LEADER: BETTER CONNECT WITH YOURSELF SO YOU CAN BETTER CONNECT WITH OTHERS

AbstractThe author, a global executive leadership coach, believes that “today’s leaders cannot pretend to know all the answers and come up with all the solutions and rely on the pervasive but outdated playbook of what I call the “superhero leader”: the infallible, unflappable and fearless leader issuing directives from the corporate mountain top.” She notes that “human leadership is not about being “soft” or “nice.” It is about the ability to connect with the perspectives and emotions of others—whether employees, customers, or shareholders—to better serve their needs.” She discusses such concepts as mindtraps and mindsets, and how these affect organizational executives and leaders. She outlines a three‐step process: 1. Identifying Mindtraps 2. Engineering a Mindshift 3. Practice Mindbuild. Within part one, for instance, she discusses trauma, identity, role, and whose voice is it? Within part 2, challenge your beliefs, challenge your fears, and release the past. In part 3, Define your unique identity as a human leader and Practices to better connect with yourself. She further elaborates that “the journey from mindtrap to mindshift and mindbuild has a profound impact on those who undertake it, unleashing a deep and lasting transformation on multiple levels.”

Leadership as a challenging opportunity: Nepali secondary principals’ contextual understandings and perception of their roles

ABSTRACT This qualitative case study explores the perceptions of three Nepali secondary principals regarding their leadership roles, behaviors, and experiences. By employing semi-structured interviews in both physical and virtual school contexts, it emphasizes the importance of understanding the specific contexts, critically evaluating global leadership trends, and adopting approaches that enhance student wellbeing. The study highlights the influence of sociocultural structures shaped by societal values and beliefs. Spiritual attributes like humility, compassion, and connectedness are identified as contextual knowledge for Nepali principals. The research identifies a gap in Nepali school leadership literature, providing practical insights for their future career pathways.

Definition of malnutrition from routinely-collected data for orthopedic surgery research: the global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) tool and others.

The correct identification of malnourished patients in the context of hip, knee, or spine surgery research would enhance the quality of analytical studies investigating the prediction potential of preoperative nutritional disorders on postoperative recovery. However, accurate malnutrition screening and diagnostic assessment rely on parameters that were not routinely collected in routine practice until a few years ago. The authors of this article present substitute literature-based equations that can be built up using historical routinely collected data to classify patients that had been at risk of malnutrition or malnourished. For what concerns the risk screening, several methods are available to identify patients at risk of over- or undernutrition, encompassing the BWd (body weight difference from the ideal weight), GNRI (geriatric nutritional risk index), INA (instant nutritional assessment), LxA (combination of lymphocyte count and albumin), PMA (protein malnutrition with acute inflammation), PMAC (protein malnutrition with acute and chronic inflammation), IDM (iron deficit malnutrition), and VBD (vitamin B deficit malnutrition). Conversely, the GLIM (global leadership initiative on malnutrition) criteria can be used to assess malnutrition and diagnose subclasses of undernutrition. Rational use of these tools can facilitate the conduction of efficient prospective studies in the future, as well as bespoke retrospective cohort studies and database research.

The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria for diagnosis of malnutrition and outcomes prediction in emergency abdominal surgery

ObjectivesMalnutrition has adverse postoperative outcomes, especially in emergency surgery. Among the numerous tools for nutritional assessment, this study aims to investigate malnutrition diagnosed by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition predictive value for outcomes after emergency abdominal surgery. MethodsThis was a prospective observational study. Among the 468 patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery admitted to a department of emergency surgery from June 2020 to December 2021, 53 patients were not eligible for enrollment, and 19 patients had missing data. Thus, the final number of participants was 396. Muscle mass was evaluated by skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra on computed tomography scans, and the lower quartile was defined as the threshold of muscle mass reduction. The associations of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition, Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (muscle mass reduction excluded), and skeletal muscle index with in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications, and postoperative stay were evaluated using χ2. In addition, confounding factors were screened, regression models were established, and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition predictive value was analyzed for clinical outcome. Ethical approval was obtained from the appropriate department. ResultsMalnutrition was observed in 19.9% of the total 396 patients based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition and in 12.4% on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (muscle mass reduction excluded). Sarcopenia by skeletal muscle index was found in 24.7% of patients. Univariate analysis indicated that in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications, infective complication rate, and postoperative hospital stay were significantly higher in malnourished and sarcopenic patients. Multivariate analysis found that malnutrition diagnosed by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition was predictive for complications, infective complications, and postoperative stay (total postoperative complications: odds ratio = 3.620; 95% CI, 1.635–8.015; P = 0.002; infective complications: odds ratio = 3.127; 95% CI, 1.194–8.192; P = 0.020; and postoperative stay: regression coefficient = 2.622; P = 0.022). The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (muscle mass reduction excluded) identified postoperative complications and postoperative stay (total postoperative complications: odds ratio = 3.364; 95% CI, 1.247–9.075; P = 0.017 and postoperative stay: regression coefficient = 3.547; P = 0.009). Sarcopenia by skeletal muscle index was a risk factor for postoperative complications (odds ratio = 3.366; 95% CI, 1.587–7.140; P = 0.002). ConclusionThe Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutritison (muscle mass reduction excluded) had predictive value for adverse clinical outcomes due to malnutrition in patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.

China's lithium supply chains: Network evolution and resilience assessment

As the world's largest consumer of lithium resources, China faces a substantial demand-supply gap and challenges in securing its lithium supply chain. This study aims to examine the evolution of China's lithium supply chain networks from 2017 to 2021 and employs an attack model to reveal network resilience. A lithium supply chain network is constructed across the entire industry, offering a novel perspective for examining the resilience of lithium resource trade networks. Simulated disturbances are executed via attack models, analysing not only trade nodes but also specific trade relationships while differentiating between import and export subnetworks, thus providing an in-depth examination of structural evolution and resilience characteristics. Our findings highlight the rapid decrease in total lithium throughflows and stable network efficiency from 2017 to 2021. A decline is also observed regarding the network's resilience. Among the different forms of simulated disruptions, node attacks exert the most substantial impact on resilience. The effects of node and edge attacks are notably less severe in China's export subnetwork than in its import subnetwork. In the import subnetwork, the influence of Asian and European nodes diminishes, while South America and Oceania show an increasing influence trend. For exports, the Asian node remains influential, followed by Europe, with Eastern Europe surpassing Western Europe. Upon closer examination of specific products' trade impacts under edge attacks, the results indicate that most trade relationships have minimal impacts on network resilience. There is a persistent increase in the influence of key upstream products in the import sector. Similarly, the influence of key downstream products in the export sector is also on the rise, underscoring China's global leadership in both mid- and downstream products and illustrating its expanding production capacity. The structural changes of complex networks and simultaneous targeted attacks provide new insights for enhancing resilience given the different disruptions of nodes and edges, and outline important policy implications for China's lithium supply security.

Enhancing Nurses’ Well-Being: Exploring the Relationship between Transformational Leadership, Organizational Justice, and Quality of Nursing Work Life

Aim. The study’s aim was to examine the relationship between transformational leadership, organizational justice, and nurses’ quality of work life. Background. There is an increasing emphasis on the welfare of nurses and their influence on healthcare services. There is a dearth of comprehensive studies on the influence of transformational leadership and justice within organizations on work-related quality of life. Understanding these connections is critical for improving workplace dynamics and fostering nurse well-being. Methods. This cross-sectional research included a convenience sample of nurses working in a general hospital. The data were obtained through self-report questionnaires encompassing three reliable and validated scales: the global transformational leadership scale, organizational justice scale, and quality of nursing work-life scale. The data were then analyzed with SPSS 23 and statistical methods (descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear regression). This study adhered to the STROBE guidelines. Results. A sum of 527 out of 566 nurses responded to the questionnaires (response rate = 93.1%). The nurses had a high perception of transformational leadership behaviors but had a more moderate view of organizational fairness and the quality of their nursing work life. Transformational leadership was significantly associated with organizational fairness. Also, a positive relationship was found between transformational leadership, justice within organizations, and nurses’ quality of work life. Conclusions. Nurses who consider their leaders as transformative and have the sense of a fair organizational climate are more likely to have higher levels of quality of work life. Implications for Nursing Management. Nurse managers should strive to develop transformational leadership behaviors and promote organizational justice to enhance the well-being and satisfaction of nurses in their work environments.

State of the Journal, 2023

Abstract The American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) has maintained its top-ranking status in the field of occupational therapy, as evidenced by an increase in its 2-yr impact factor. As the Editor-in-Chief enters her second 3-yr term, the journal faces both challenges and opportunities stemming from trends in academic publishing. The editorial team seeks to navigate these shifts while fostering meaningful research dissemination and translation. Key outcomes for 2023 showcase the journal’s dedication to addressing diverse occupational therapy needs. A special issue on autism and mental health in 2023 and upcoming themes on recovery after neurological injury and play in occupational therapy in 2024 exemplify AJOT’s commitment to relevant topics. The AJOT Authors &amp; Issues interview series and an active presence on social media platforms further bolster research engagement and translation. Despite challenges, AJOT’s impact factor and rankings in the rehabilitation category have demonstrated its global influence and leadership. The journal’s commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) is evident through initiatives such as AJOT’s DEI Committee and DEI article collection, as well as AJOT’s comprehensive approach to combating bias. As AJOT looks ahead to 2024, its goals include reviving State of the Science articles, updating our Author Guidelines to incorporate artificial intelligence and bias-free language policies, and fostering engagement through the AJOT Instagram account and monthly AJOT Authors &amp; Issues discussions. With its dedication to rigorous research and meaningful translation, AJOT remains a crucial resource for occupational therapy professionals striving to make evidence-based decisions.