Global Innovation Research Articles

Theorizing knowledgescape as a transnational mediating force: Artificial intelligence and global flows

As a global technoscientific form involving various forces and stakeholders, research and development (R&D) in artificial intelligence (AI) transcends corporate, national and institutional boundaries. Incorporating transnational rhetorical analysis and corpus-assisted discourse analysis, this article examines the global cultural flows surrounding AI constructed in official and media discourses in the US and China. We propose a new theoretical concept of knowledgescape that expands the toolkits of global flows and provides new explanatory power about global innovation and competition. This concept sheds light on the global processes, mechanisms and power dynamics of the production, dissemination, consumption and contestation of cutting-edge knowledge.

Globalization, technology and global health

Purpose This study aims to explore whether globalization and technology are harmful to health using a global panel data set of 52 countries over the period 1990–2019. Design/methodology/approach The study focused on four continents: Africa, the Americas, Asia/Oceania and Europe. The authors used four advanced econometric methodologies, which include the standard panel fixed effect (FE), Arellano–Bover/Blundell–Bond dynamic panel, Hausman–Taylor specification and two-stage least squares (FE-2SLS)/Lewbel-2SLS approaches. Findings The empirical evidence highlights the significance of globalization and technology in promoting global health. The findings suggest that globalization has various impacts on global health indicators and that technology is useful in tracking, monitoring and promoting global health. In addition, the empirical evidence indicates that a truly health-centred process of globalization and technological innovation can only be realized by ensuring that the interests of countries and vulnerable populations to health risks are adequately considered in international decision-making regarding global economic integration. Originality/value The authors suggest that achieving the aspiration of global health will entail the use of globalization and information technology to extend human activities and provide equal access to global health.

Modelling the impact of innovation performance on digital competitiveness: The key role of innovation and technologies

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the innovation and digital competitiveness of the EU-27 countries and to reveal the effect of innovation performance on the changes in digital competitiveness. We obtained secondary data from the annual reports of the Global Innovation Index (GII), Summary Innovation Index (SII), and Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) for the years 2017 to 2021. Using structural equation modeling, the main concept was to develop a new variable, Innovation Performance (IP), which was created by combining the indices of the GII and SII dimensions within a new three-factor model. The modelling findings revealed that both indexes had a statistically significant impact on the variations in the IP value, with the SII exerting a greater influence compared to the GII. The IP variable in the modified model has a significant positive impact on the change in the score of the DESI. We found a positive impact for 10 dimensions (from 19) and a negative impact for firm investments. The highest positive impact was confirmed for research systems, information technologies, and human resources. Our findings also highlight real economic contexts and drivers for EU countries' strategies and policies in the progress of digital competitiveness.

Assessing The Level of Manufacturing Value Added of G-20 and Its Relation to Innovation Inputs and Outputs

The primary objective of this study is to forecast the manufacturing value added levels of G-20 countries by leveraging the fundamental dimensions extracted from the Global Innovation Index and ascertain the extent to which innovation indicators contribute to variations in manufacturing value added. The Random Forest algorithm, known for its versatility and precision in dealing with complex datasets, has been employed as a prominent machine learning technique to predict the manufacturing value added levels of G-20 countries during the period 2013-2022. The MVA levels of G-20 countries, obtained using average and standard deviation, were predicted with a 54.14% error rate through the assistance of innovation input and output indicators. The level predicted with the highest accuracy is the one closely aligned with the average. This study's uniqueness lies in its utilization of the Random Forest algorithm to predict value added levels based on innovation inputs and outputs, which constitute the fundamental dimensions of the Global Innovation Index.

The impact of open innovation on the environmental sustainability practices and international sales intensity nexus: A multicountry study

Amid growing environmental concerns and increasing customer demand for environmental sustainability practices (ESP), international firms strive to develop ESP and leverage resources across their global networks as key players in global innovation systems. In this context, we investigate whether adopting an open innovation (OI) strategy is a viable solution to meet the demand for ESP and foster internationalization. Specifically, this study examines the potential moderating effect of OI on ESP because both entail the ability to coordinate, orchestrate, and synchronize networks to enhance international sales. Our study encompasses a multicountry sample of 514 internationally operating manufacturers. The findings reveal that simultaneous efforts to adopt OI with suppliers and ESP constrain the positive association between ESP and international sales intensity. We provide theoretical arguments to elucidate this counterintuitive finding, thereby revitalizing the discussion on the role of international firms’ adoption of ESP and sustainable innovation.

Democracy's limited impact on innovation: Panel data evidence from developing countries.

This study investigates the relationship between democracy and innovation across 61 developing countries from 2013 to 2020, utilizing data from Global Innovation Index. Employing the Freedom House Index and Polity2 indicators as proxies for democracy, research employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Fixed Effects and SystemGMM techniques to analyze their impact on innovation. The findings of the study reveal no statistically significant relationships between democracy and innovation in developing nations within specified timeframe. Through empirical analysis, including various econometric approaches, it is observed that the level of democracy as measured by these indicators, does not appear to exert a discernable impact on the innovation landscape of these countries. These results carry important implications for public policy. While the promotion of democracy remains a crucial goal, especially for societal development and political stability, this study suggests that solely focusing on enhancing democratic institutions might not necessarily yield immediate direct improvements in the innovation capacities of developing nations. Policymakers and stakeholders involved in fostering innovation ecosystems in these regions may need to consider a more nuanced approach, encompassing factors beyond the scope of democratic governance to effectively spur innovation. Understanding the nuanced relationship between democracy and innovation in developing countries has significant implications for designing targeted policies aimed at enhancing innovation capacities, economic growth and overall societal development in these regions.

Victimological aspects of countering internet crime: State and local government practices

Globalisation is a reason for increasing levels of anxiety, physical fatigue, and psychological problems, which weakens the ability of people to resist encroachment on themselves, especially in the Internet environment – the dominant sphere for communication. The study aims to identify the vectors of interaction between the state and potential victims of crime on the Internet by analysing the activities of the subjects of the direction in countries with different scientific and technical potentials. The study employed statistical methods to collect qualitative and quantitative indicators of the issue under consideration, as well as comparative analysis to compare the elements of state policy in the field of combating cybercrime. The intensity of crimes committed with the help of Internet tools is growing every year and it is primarily due to the growth of opportunities to perform various financial, social and other types of interaction in the online space. However, there is a direct correlation between the number of cybercrimes and the level of scientific and technological development of a country. According to the Global Innovation Index, some of the most innovatively developed countries are the United States of America, the United Kingdom and Japan, where the intensity of scientific progress is several times higher than in less developed countries, for example, in the Central Asian region. The role and place of state bodies concerning the prevention of Internet crime is extremely difficult to overestimate because it is the central and local government that has a leading position in the development of preventive measures to prevent and minimise the phenomenon of victimisation of society in the Internet space. The distinction and understanding of the types and directions of crimes in the online environment is necessary to create an effective mechanism to combat such crimes and to develop effective tools to inculcate a healthy lifestyle to prevent the development of victimisation traits in a person. The results of the work can be used as a practical basis for further research on the topic – development of state strategies to combat cybercrime

Exploring the processes and mechanisms by which nonprofit organizations orchestrate global innovation networks: A case study of the COVAX program

In cocreating value with other organizations, nonprofit organizations may face multiple management challenges, posed by multistakeholder global innovation networks. Since these have not yet been systematically studied by academics, this study explores how nonprofit organizations can promote the cocreation of value in multistakeholder global innovation networks. Adopting a longitudinal single-case study approach from the perspective of network orchestration theory, this work deeply analyzes how nonprofit organizations can promote the evolution of the global innovation network of the COVID-19 vaccine under the COVAX program. The results show that nonprofits need to successively address the dilemmas of legitimacy, direction, and heterogeneity in constructing global innovation networks and that to solve these stage dilemmas, orchestrators must successively function as network architects, liaisons, and leaders to direct the implementation of network actions using trusted, leveraged, and adapted orchestration logics. This paper further proposes a model of the orchestration process and mechanisms by which nonprofit organizations facilitate multistakeholder global innovation networks. Theoretically, this study therefore extends network orchestration theory by summarizing the mechanisms and orchestration logics by which NPOs construct and develop networks when they act as orchestrators. From a practical perspective, this study also provides guidance for future unexpected global public health crises, improving the global community's ability to combat them.

STEAM Education - An Effective Approach to Achieving Sustainability in Higher Education

The present study represents a scientific foray, aimed at elucidating the role and indisputable contribution of STEAM skills in higher education, skills that are extremely necessary for educational actors in the era of postmodern education. The aim of the research is identification of the implementation directions of STEAM education applied in higher education institutions. In the preparation of this paper, we used qualitative research, content analysis of the reports of higher education institutions in the EU that allowed us to analyze the practices they use in the cultivation and foundation of STEAM skills. In addition to this, the Global Innovation Index repot and the Human Capital index were analyzed, which allowed us to elucidate the main challenges that the Republic of Moldova faces in capitalizing on human potential, in the generation and implementation of innovations. In conclusion, we can mention that universities, currently, must remodel their management system, adapt their curricula, in order to base new skills - STEAM skills, which help higher education institutions to focus on a new education - STEAM education, a digitized education, focused on the integration of innovation in the didactic activity, on national-regional-international cooperation in order to train competitive young people on the labour market, young people with a culture of innovation, young people who will contribute to the promotion of sustainability at the society level.

Enhancing China’s Soft Powers with Traditional Chinese Medicine and Global Healthcare Integration

During a time where global influence is increasingly shaped by cultural engagement and soft power, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a pivotal element in elevating China’s global standing and soft powers. Beyond its role as an alternate medical practice, TCM’s deep roots in Chinese culture and philosophy serve as its strengths to enhance China’s global stature. This study looks at TCM’s potential as a catalyst for bolstering China’s soft powers by examining the historical context, contribution to cultural diplomacy, challenges in global integration and strategic importance with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It discusses the significant market share of TCM and its potential as a key economic driver, alongside the scientific scrutiny it faces under Western medical standards. The role of TCM in Chinese healthcare and its increasing scientific credibility in the Western world are analyzed, emphasizing the need for a nuanced approach to integrate TCM in global healthcare. In conclusion, the study evaluates the potential of TCM as a tool for cultural exchange, understanding, and influence, proposing strategies for its international promotion and integration into global healthcare practices. It emphasizes the opportunity for China to bolster its soft power and demonstrate its commitment to global healthcare innovation through TCM. The paper suggests that TCM, with its unique health and wellness approach, can contribute significantly to global health improvements and position China as a key player in the international healthcare domain.

THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION SUPPORT ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES

Today, the problems of devaluation of the environment, depletion of natural resources, and social and economic crises are increasingly deepening. The issue of sustainable development at the enterprise level is becoming a necessity, not just a regulatory requirement. The critical role in this process is played by innovative support capable of reforming the existing approaches to the problems mentioned above. The study aims to determine the relationship and mutual influence between the indicators of innovation support and sustainable development of enterprises and to form recommendations based on the results using the methods of correlation analysis, multivariate regression, and case study. The study revealed a close correlation between the indicators of innovation support, which are represented in the study by the Global Innovation Index with its sub-indices, and such Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators as the “Logistics Performance Index: Quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure” and “Electronic waste (kg/capita)”. It has been determined that the first indicator is most strongly influenced by institutions and infrastructure, and the second is influenced by institutions, human capital and research, infrastructure, and market structure. The recommendations formed because of the analysis include using electronic systems and resource cycles. The results obtained can be of practical importance and used by both enterprise management and government agencies to optimise the enterprise's logistics system and waste management.

Analysis of science and technology policies in Turkey's eleven development plan: An assessment within the framework of global innovation index

Analysis of science and technology policies in Turkey's eleven development plan: An assessment within the framework of global innovation index

Research of Green Innovation of Companies of Countries with Different Levels of Technological Development of Production

Abstract In the conditions of the transition to higher technological systems in the conditions of the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, the companies of the world face the question of effective management of green innovative development in their economic activities. The goal of the research is the formation of effective organizational and economic support for green innovations of companies of countries with different levels of technological development of production. This research contains: to describe the known positions of scientific schools regarding the managerial aspects of green innovations of companies of the world; to form the economic support of this administration, by developing an assessment of the potential of green innovations of companies of the world (the data of the Global Innovation Index Report were taken as a source of empirical data), to form criterion values of the potential of green innovations of companies of the countries for the purpose of their clustering. The research methods used include: system method; bibliometric analysis; method of assessing competitiveness; criterion method; method of generalization. The objects of evaluation include companies from five countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The main results of the study include: development of management theory; forming an assessment of the green innovation potential of companies from countries of the world with different levels of technological development of production (the data of the Global Innovation Index Report were taken as a source of empirical data); formation of criterion support for the results of evaluation of the green innovation potential of the countries’ companies. The conclusions of the study should include establishing the actualization of managing green innovations by companies of the world by involving the results of the assessment of the green innovation potential of companies of the world to the formation of the criterion values of this assessment in order to make effective management decisions on the part of all interested stakeholders. For further scientific research, to focus on the formation of effective communication links between different groups of stakeholders, the basis of this scientific direction is the criteria developed by the authors to ensure the level of green innovation potential of companies of countries in order to make effective decisions on the part of stakeholders (state bodies, investors, manufacturers, suppliers, clients, financial institutions) regarding organizational, social, economic support of green innovations of companies of countries with different levels of technological development of production. This study can be useful for the governments of countries in the development of international and national programs for the innovative development of the economy in terms of the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals; to company managers when forming strategic and tactical plans for green innovative business development; to students and scientists in the implementation of scientific and educational programs.

Automated Intelligent Platforms for High‐Throughput Chemical Synthesis

Automation and high-throughput techniques provide a solid technical foundation for realizing the deep fusion of artificial intelligence and chemistry as well as the full utilization of their advantages. In recent years, with the unique advantages of low consumption, low risk, high efficiency, high reproducibility, high flexibility and good versatility, intelligent automated platforms for high-throughput chemical synthesis aroused widespread concerns of synthetic chemists. In this review, the automated high-throughput chemical synthesis, automated high-throughput sample treatment and characterization technique, as well as the application of artificial intelligence technique in chemical synthesis are introduced. The characteristics of the systems and platforms based on these techniques, including the iChemFoundry platform developed in the ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, are introduced. The intelligent automated platforms for high-throughput chemical synthesis will reshape the thinking mode of traditional disciplines, promote the innovation of disruptive techniques, redefine the rate of chemical synthesis, and innovate the way of material manufacturing.

Innovation and Economic Growth in the Top Five Southeast Asian Economies: A Decomposition Analysis

Innovation has the potential to act as a double-edged sword in impacting economic growth. While it serves as a powerful driver of economic advancement, it also carries risks alongside its benefits. Recognizing this duality, our study aims to fill the identified gap and add comprehensiveness to the literature by assessing the individual impact of innovation indicators on economic growth in the top five Southeast Asian countries based on GDP: Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The innovation aspect comprises 21 indicators from the Global Innovation Index (GII), grouped into seven categories: institution, human capital and research, infrastructure, market sophistication, business sophistication, knowledge and technology outputs, and creative outputs. Both panel analysis and country-specific assessments consistently conclude that innovation significantly influences economic growth. However, delving into the categorized indicators reveals intriguing insights. While all the indicators demonstrate a notable impact, most of them are found to hinder rather than foster economic growth. This compelling empirical evidence underscores that innovation in the selected countries has yet to be optimized, highlighting the urgent need to implement innovation-friendly policies, including removing innovation barriers, targeting investment in key sectors, and fostering education and skills development. This holistic approach aims to cultivate an environment conducive to innovation, thereby solidifying innovation's role as one of the primary drivers of economic growth.

The impact of Global Englishes classroom-based innovation on school-aged language learners' perceptions of English: An exercise in practitioner and researcher partnership

This paper outlines a collaborative research project established via a research partnership within a Global Englishes (GE) theoretical framework. The aim of the quasi-experimental classroom-based study was to examine the effect of a GE curriculum intervention embedded within a general English course in a commercial language school. The study adopted a longitudinal mixed methods design, collecting data from 24 school-aged learners via the English as an International Language Perception Scale at four time points, and via dairies at five time points. Quantitative findings reveal that students' perceptions toward the diversity of English became significantly more positive after the GE intervention with qualitative findings providing further evidence of change in students' attitudes toward the legitimacy of non-standard Englishes. Evidence was not obtained for a significant effect of the intervention on students' perceptions toward the current status of English, strategies for multilingual and multicultural communication, or English speaker identity. In this paper we discuss how researcher and teacher partners collaborated from project inception to the dissemination of the findings, intertwining and leveraging important theoretical, methodological, and professional knowledge throughout the research process. We highlight the importance of partnership research for the bidirectional development of teacher-researcher holistic identities.

Spatio-Temporal Changes and Habitats of Rare and Endangered Species in Yunnan Province Based on MaxEnt Model

Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem functioning, but it is rapidly declining due to human activities and climate change. Protecting biodiversity has become a key priority for global environmental conservation actions. Rare and endangered species have a great impact on the ecosystem, yet due to their limited survival capacity, they are more prone to extinction, thus exerting a significant impact on biodiversity. However, current research reveals a lack of information concerning the potential distribution and changes of these species. This study used the maximum entropy model to predict the present and future potential habitats of rare and endangered species in Yunnan Province. After superimposing model results, four richness regions are divided by the natural breakpoint method and analyzed. Existing protected areas are compared with hotspots, and the land-use composition of hotspots is also analyzed. The results revealed that, in both current and future scenarios, rare and endangered species in Yunnan Province are primarily found in the western mountainous region, the Xishuangbanna–Wenshan high temperature area, and the Kunming–Qujing dense vegetation cover area. These species are also expanding their distribution towards the western mountainous area. However, under the low carbon emission scenario (RCP2.6), these species will spread from the high abundance regions to the low altitude hotspots by 2070. In the high carbon emissions scenario (RCP8.5), there will be fewer high abundance areas in 2070 than in 2050. The transfer matrix analysis reveals regional richness variations over time. Furthermore, the analysis revealed significant conservation gaps and found that existing hotspot areas were heavily affected by human activities. To improve conservation efficiency, it is necessary to enhance the protection of existing hotspots in Yunnan Province. Climate change plays a significant role in species migration, with precipitation levels being a key factor. The necessary actions should be taken to address the insufficient protection, resolve conflicts between human activities and land use in critical areas, and formulate effective strategies for adapting to future climate changes. Yunnan Province, with its rich species resources, has the potential to become a global innovator in biodiversity conservation by implementing improved conservation strategies.

Innovation’s Performance: A Transnational Analysis Based on the Global Innovation Index

The pandemic marked the beginning of a succession of events on a global scale (not the least of which is a greater concern for the environment and for quality of life/distance work) with a major impact on the economy. Innovation plays a key role in meeting the challenges of the future, but despite investment in innovation, global economic growth has fallen short of the expected performance. The aim of this study is to identify the factors with the greatest impact on the performance of innovation ecosystems based on the performance of the innovation ecosystems of 64 countries assessed by the Global Innovation Index 2022. The methodology consists of multiple hierarchical linear regressions, in which the impact factors on innovation ecosystems, measured through indicators, are the independent variables and innovation performance, in knowledge and technology and in creativity, are the dependent variables in an iterative process, using STATA/MP 18.0 data analysis software. The results indicate that human capital and research (the basis of business and innovative products aimed at filling gaps in the market are people with a good higher education, which is also linked to local university rankings) and business sophistication (highly qualified work, leveraging strategic partnerships, and with knowledge absorption capacity) are the main pillars determining innovation performance at a global level. Education (an educated workforce is of growing importance in the knowledge era), R&D investment (including support from the state in the form of tax incentives for whoever invests in R&D), innovation partnerships (for a faster, more open innovation effort), ecological sustainability (a new reinforced priority after COVID-19) and knowledge absorption (to absorb one must first detain valuable knowledge in the area) are the variables with the greatest impact on innovation performance. The work provides guidance on which areas should be prioritized in the development of policies and strategies to accelerate innovation in countries. The study is limited by the time frame and reveals, by comparison with pre-pandemic studies, that the determinants of innovation can be dynamic, varying according to the countries and, consequently, the global context of the analysis.

Determining the drivers of global innovation under COVID-19: An FSQCA approach.

During the COVID-19 epidemic, national innovation faced the challenges of high-risk research and development and intensified trade competition. How to allocate resources reasonably to promote national innovation has become a problem that must be solved. Based on the global innovation index (GII) framework, this study analyzes the influence of national innovation input elements (such as human capital resources, infrastructure, business maturity, etc.) on innovation output from the perspective of configuration, combining with the necessary condition analysis (NCA) and fuzzy set/qualitative comparative analysis (FSQCA). The research results show that:(1) A single innovation input constitutes the necessary condition and serves as a bottleneck for high innovation output;(2) ITT, HCR, IFT, MS and BS are all "multiple concurrent" and form different configurations, namely, two high-innovation and four nonhigh innovation configurations, that drive national innovation governance is characterized by "different roads leading to the same goals." (3) As innovation is limited by the income levels of various countries, there are obvious differences in innovation drive paths between high- and low-income countries. Moreover, the configuration of asymmetric relationships with low-innovation output that occurs in high-income countries has unique characteristics. In this study, the influence of the coupling of national innovation input elements on innovation output is explored.

Innovation-Driven E-Commerce Growth in the EU: An Empirical Study of the Propensity for Online Purchases and Sustainable Consumption

The e-commerce sector has experienced significant growth in the past two decades, outpacing other economic sectors and contributing to sustainable consumption, increased labour productivity, competitiveness, consumer incomes, and GDP growth. This trend is expected to continue, making e-commerce a key driver of sustainable economic growth in Europe. This study aims to explore the relationship between a nation’s innovation level and its population’s inclination towards online shopping in various EU member states. It hypothesizes that higher innovation levels within a country lead to a greater tendency for online purchases. This study conducts a thorough analysis of the interplay between European economies’ innovation levels and the e-commerce market’s evolution. A composite innovation index was created using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodology, and panel data models were utilized to examine the dependencies, with data from Eurostat and the Global Innovation Index. The focus is on the period from 2019 to 2021, which was marked by unique market dynamics and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings confirm the significant role of innovation in driving e-commerce expansion within the context of sustainable consumption, supporting the main hypothesis. This research also highlights the pandemic’s positive effect on the e-commerce sector. The pandemic-induced changes in consumer behaviour, particularly due to social isolation and crises in certain economic sectors, have emphasized the importance of online shopping. Notably, the most active online shoppers are identified in the 25 to 54 age group, revealing a key demographic trend.