Global Information Technology Research Articles

Назад в будущее: визуализация развития, проблем и перспектив искусственного интеллекта, Data Science, квантовых вычислений

The paper is designed as a review and analysis of the current situation in the field of information technology (IT). The relevance of the article arises from the need to popularize IT among young people, which is reflected in the documents of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation, as well as from the high demand for experts in the field of digital technologies and the need to increase the digitalization of Russia. According to GeekBrains (the first programming school in Russia, which appeared in 2010, and the leader in the field of training for digital professions, which operates in 85 regions of the Russian Federation and 21 countries of the world), the number of IT job vacancies in this country will grow up to 2 million by 2027. All large organizations are looking for specialists in different IT branches, which are described in this and the following research paper. In this article, which is the first part of the study, the capabilities and problems of the following advanced technologies are considered: artificial intelligence, Data Science and quantum computing. The concepts of technologies are analyzed from the viewpoints of their everyday use and professional application. The topics are closely related and complement each other in one way or another. The article follows the logic and chronology of events in the global IT sphere. The conclusion contains a description of the author's thought experiment about bringing machine intelligence to life, it accumulates the mentioned technologies while taking into account the laws of physics. The calculations for this experiment are given as well. The materials from one of the GeekBrains's educational shows “The Way to IT” were used, including the GIF animation, which is reproduced only on the website of the “Scientific Visualization” journal.

Research on the Teaching Pathways of English Major Curriculum Ideological and Political Education from the Perspective of “Cultural Confidence”

With the rapid development of global information technology and the continuous deepening of the new educational philosophy of College English majors, College English teaching is no longer limited to helping students lay a solid foundation in English language, but also to cultivate students’ cross-cultural awareness, cultural identity, and national pride. College teachers should fully integrate China’s excellent traditional culture, integrate “curriculum ideological and political education” into practical teaching to enhance students’ cultural confidence, and promote China’s excellent traditional cultural ideas[1]. “Integrated English” as a core professional course shoulders the dual mission of language learning and cultural exchange. The long-standing Chinese culture provides a rich source for the ideological and political courses of College English majors. This article, from the perspective of cultural confidence, combines the current situation of English major teaching in university education, analyzes the significance of developing ideological and political courses for College English majors from the perspective of cultural confidence, and explores effective ways to implement ideological and political education for College English majors from the perspective of cultural confidence. The author takes the course Contemporary College English Intensive Reading 1 as an example, explores the ideological and political elements in the textbook from the perspective of cultural confidence, designs a teaching outline that combines teaching objectives and ideological and political objectives, and explores the practical path of implementing the function of ideological and political education in College English teaching.

The construction of smart city community environment under the application of animation immersion technology integrated into southern Fujian Folk Culture

ABSTRACT With the rapid development of global information technology, data resources play an increasingly prominent role in society. Countries have issued ‘smart city’ strategic plans one after another, taking the sustainable construction of smart cities as an important means to enhance national competitiveness and seize the commanding heights of the new round of the information technology revolution. This paper selects southern Fujian for experiments to develop modern communication methods in some areas of China that have not undergone smart city upgrades. First, the animation immersion method under smart city technology is taken as the starting point. The folk culture of southern Fujian is integrated to analyze the importance of developing the smart city community under big data. Second, a combined system dynamics model and structural equation modeling are established. It is applied to intelligent, sustainable urban construction to explore the possibility of new development paths. The cities that apply the model proposed here for intelligent, sustainable construction have increased their output value in all aspects within five years. The maximum annual growth rate has reached 17.11%. Planners and designers base the smart city community environment on animation immersion technology. From the perspective of animation immersion planning, integrating the animation immersion technology of southern Fujian folk culture into the sustainable construction and development of the smart city community environment will help enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the region.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ, ПЕРЕВАГИ ТА РИЗИКИ ВІРТУАЛЬНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The need to increase the level of customer satisfaction, the improvement of permanent relations with consumers and the development of modern markets under the conditions of globalization lead to the creation of such an organizational form as a virtual enterprise. The relevance of this problem comes from the constant growth of global networks, digital and information technologies, which stimulates the development of a new type of economic relations, which leads to an inevitable change in traditional concepts of doing business. The reason for the appearance of the concept of a virtual enterprise is definitely the rapid spread of modern Internet technologies, within which new opportunities for communication and cooperation of autonomous and geographically distant enterprises are implemented. The emergence of new information technologies opens up new opportunities for business organization. At the current stage, it is not the restructuring of the production cycle or the reworking of the business process, but technologies using the Internet that form the information infrastructure of support for virtual enterprises. It should provide communication and integration, joint management, including modeling of the interaction of participants and support of work execution. In the modern economy, one of the key factors of the competitiveness of enterprises are: timely response to market changes, speed of production and delivery of goods, adaptive and rational methods of conducting business, effectiveness of the enterprise's marketing strategy. The article describes the virtual enterprise technology, which implements a qualitatively new integration of business process management. The basic aspects of the functioning of virtual enterprises, as well as information technologies, without which this functioning is impossible, are considered. An analysis of key factors that are critical for the existence of a virtual enterprise is carried out, the main requirements for workflow systems to support inter-organizational processes are considered. The ability to quickly respond to market changes at critically low costs from the point of view of traditional business and the ability to make a virtual business profitable with smaller capital investments, in shorter terms and with significantly less financial risk are considered. Possible organizational structures of a virtual enterprise are presented. Advantages and risks of doing business on the basis of a virtual enterprise are provided.

Practice and Analysis of Rural Planning and Design for the Integration of Agriculture, Culture and Tourism in the Context of Big Data

Abstract In the contemporary society of globalization and rapid information technology development, rural areas face unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Rural planning and design are essential for regional economic development, cultural heritage, and ecological protection. As an innovative development model, integrating agriculture, culture, and tourism provides new ideas for rural revitalization. Big data technology can help analyze the countryside’s development potential more accurately and allocate resources more efficiently to promote the science and refinement of rural planning and design. This study establishes a GIS management system supported by geographic information data, uses Oracle database to manage spatial information and attribute information, and utilizes vector slicing technology and WebGL graphic rendering to achieve rapid rendering and diverse expression of maps. In creating an agricultural, cultural, and tourism integration index system, the entropy index method is used to assign weights to each index, and the coupling coordination degree model is set up. The coupling degree of Tibet’s agricultural, cultural, and tourism industry from 2011-2021 has increased from 0.219 to 0.769, and the coupling coordination degree has increased from 0.158 to 0.778, which shows an excellent upward trend. The study shows that big data technology can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of rural planning and design, and promote the development of agricultural, cultural, and tourism integration.

РЕФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ОСНОВ СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРАВОВЕДЕНИЯ В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭРУ: НОВЫЕ ПРИНЦИПЫ И ПОДХОДЫ

Digitalization is radically transforming the classical postulates of comparative legal theory formed in the 20th century. Global information technologies are changing the fundamental principles of state power organization, erasing the boundaries between the state and business spheres, and leading to their convergence in common areas such as cyber law. The updated methodology of comparative legal analysis makes it possible to compare the traditional and modern principles of comparativistics, identify risks for the classical theory from the digital transformation, and substantiate the need to modernize the foundations of comparative jurisprudence through an integrated digital governance concept based on advanced IT tools. The strategic role of the renewed methodology in shaping effective analytical approaches to studying the global phenomena of the digital transformation of legal systems and developing an optimal strategy for their adaptation to the new technological reality is emphasized.

Investigation of the causes of adolescent lumbar and shoulder-neck diseases and related mitigation approaches

With the rapid development of global economy and information technology, peoples lifestyle has undergone great changes, and the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain and low back pain has also increased, and the age of onset is trending younger, which seriously affect their study and life, resulting in greater family burden. The survey shows that in recent years, the incidence of pain has increased year by year due to the high learning pressure of teenagers, playing mobile phones and computers for a long time. Teenagers long-term incorrect sitting position, sleeping position, improper pen use and other bad living habits, mental and psychological factors may eventually induce the pain through affecting biomechanical imbalance. The author has discussed the etiology, intervention and also the prevention of general neck and shoulder pain and low back pain in order to provide more theoretical basis for the management of this pain in the future and better guide the clinic.

A generalized integrated group decision-making framework for computer network security evaluation with Interval Neutrosophic information

The rapid development of global information technology, especially the emergence and widespread application of the Internet, has enabled information technology to quickly penetrate into various fields of the economy and society. Informatization and networking have become important features of today’s era. However, while people enjoy the tremendous progress brought by information technology to humanity, the openness and security vulnerabilities of computer networks have also made network information security issues increasingly prominent. The invasion of hackers, the continuous generation and spread of computer virus, and the rampant use of rogue software have all caused great economic losses to individuals, enterprises, and countries. The computer network security evaluation is a multiple-attribute group decision making (MAGDM). Then, the TODIM and TOPSIS method has been established to deal with MAGDM issues. The interval neutrosophic sets (INSs) are established as an effective tool for representing uncertain information during the computer network security evaluation. In this manuscript, the interval neutrosophic number TODIM-TOPSIS (INN-TODIM-TOPSIS) method is established to solve the MAGDM under INSs. Finally, a numerical example study for computer network security evaluation is established to validate the INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method. The main research contribution of this paper is established: (1) the INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method is put up for MAGDM with INSs; (2) the INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method is put up for computer network security evaluation and were compared with existing methods; (3) Through the detailed comparison, it is evident that INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method for computer network security evaluation proposed in this paper are effective.

Review on 6G-oriented terahertz communication channel

With the large-scale commercialization of 5G mobile communication systems in the world, 6G technology is becoming a new hotspot of global information technology research. The terahertz band (300GHz to 3THz) has extremely rich frequency resources, which can support ultra-high speed wireless communication from 100Gbps to 1Tbps, improve the existing 5G peak transmission rate by one or two orders of magnitude, and meet the requirements of new applications such as ultra-high resolution holographic communication and meta-universe. An in-depth understanding of the propagation channel is crucial to the design of the communication system. This paper summarizes the research status of the terahertz channel, including its characteristics in the atmosphere, the current channel propagation model, and terahertz channel measurement. At the same time, the future research direction of terahertz communication is analyzed and prospected, and the possible challenges in the future research are discussed, which will help promote the application of terahertz communication technology to 6G communication. Due to technical limitations, terahertz channels have not been fully developed and utilized in the field of communication, and there are many technical bottlenecks that cannot be broken. In the future, new channel models may be built, and there will be opportunities for AI-assisted channel measurement.

Twenty-Five Years of the Journal of Global Information Technology Management: A Bibliometric Analysis

ABSTRACT The Journal of Global Information Technology Management (JGITM) is an established and globally reputed journal in the Information Technology area, focusing on publishing international IS research. It is international in all respects: content, authors’ origin, readers’ origin, and the editorial board. The journal was established in January 1998 and completed 25 years of publication in 2022. In celebration, this study presents a comprehensive and historical overview of the leading trends of the journal since its inception. The bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed with the help of the R software. This analysis considers indicators such as the most cited articles, productive authors, influential authors, leading institutes, top countries publishing in JGITM, co-citation networks, and keyword analysis. The study also develops a graphical visualization of the networks of bibliographic data. This graphical visual helps to analyze co-citation and bibliographic coupling among the published research studies. Our results indicate a continuous and substantial increase in the quality of publications, impact factor, and a growing interest in publishing articles in the journal by a broader community of academicians and scholars. We hope this information will be of significant value to JGITM’s audience: the readers and past and future authors.

IT Professionals' Turnaway Intention and the Role of Technostress

The supply of global information technology (IT) workers does not meet the demand of the industry. Therefore, researchers try to distill ways to increase and retain the IT talent pipeline. Ensuring that IT professionals remain in their IT careers is an essential element of such research. The influence of technostress on job turnover is evident. Yet, we know little about the impact of technostress on career turnaway and its interaction effects on the antecedents of turnaway intention. While job turnover may negatively impact a specific organization, career turnaway has negative implications for the industry. Losing IT professionals from the field means that additional efforts toward motivating, recruiting, educating, and preparing replacement talent are needed. By examining the dynamics of technostress on IT professionals' career turnaway intention (N=512), we reveal two critical findings. First, technostress reduces the IT professional's commitment to their IT career and increases exhaustion from their IT career experience. Second, technostress moderates IT professionals' commitment to their profession and career turnaway intentions. To remedy these concerns, we provide managerial advice and provide suggestions for future research.

P‐2.14: Metasurface Applications in AR Near‐eye Display Devices

Augmented reality technology is a new display technology that integrates virtual digital information with real physical information and has become an important research field in global information technology. Near‐eye display devices are an important part of augmented reality. At present, traditional optical devices are widely used in near‐eye equipment, but the optical performance of the equipment is limited and the volume is large, making it difficult to meet the market's needs for thinness and high performance. With the development of micro‐nano processing technology, metasurfaces composed of artificial sub‐wavelength scale units, which are both ultra‐thin and can regulate arbitrary light fields, will become a new idea for the development of new near‐eye display devices.In this review, we first introduce the basic working principle of metasurface, mainly the principle of light field control of metasurface, analyze the aberration of metasurface imaging, and then evaluate the corresponding image quality. Then, a variety of existing metasurface design schemes are reviewed, including the design of structural elements, the overall architecture distribution, the design method of the system, the algorithm used, and the performance index. Finally, the problems to be solved and the future development direction of the current metasurface‐based near‐eye display system are summarized. Metasurface is easy to integrate and has a high degree of design freedom, which is expected to replace traditional optical components. Augmented reality near‐eye display devices based on metasurface with a large field of view and an ultra‐thin profile will become an important development direction in the future.

Anomaly Identification Model for Telecom Users Based on Machine Learning Model Fusion

With the development of economic globalization and modern information and communication technology, the situation of communication fraud is becoming more and more serious. How to identify fraudulent calls accurately and effectively has become an urgent task in current telecommunications operations. Affected by the sample set and the current state of the art, the current machine learning methods used to identify the imbalanced distribution dataset of positive and negative samples have low recognition accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new hybrid model solution that uses feature construction, feature selection and imbalanced classes handling. A stacking model fusion algorithm composed of a two-layer stacking framework with several state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers is adopted. The results show that the risk user identification model based on mobile network communication behavior established by our stacking model fusion algorithm can accurately predict the category labels of telecom users and improve the risk of telecom users. The generalization performance of the identification is high, which provides a certain reference for the telecommunications industry to identify risk users based on mobile network communication behaviors.

SPATIAL PLANNING SYSTEM IN POLAND AS AN EXAMPLE OF EFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN UKRAINE

The purpose of the work is to research trends in the development of the digital economy; analysis of features and conditions of digitalization of economic processes in Ukraine and the world. Digitization of economic processes is an integral trend in the development of world economies over the last decade, which determines the relevance of its research in the context of the post-war development of Ukraine. The work uses such research methods as monographic, statistical, comparison and systematization methods. The paper examines the concept of the digital economy and its components, which include information and telecommunication technologies (ICT); human capital; favorable business climate, effective management. The digital economy is a supplement to the traditional economy, which involves the production and sale of traditional goods and services using computer equipment and digital systems, including the Internet. This implies certain advantages, namely: providing access to individual markets for ordinary users, reducing transaction costs, increasing efficiency and competitiveness of products. It has been established that the digital economy is expanding its influence on more and more spheres of activity, creating space for the development and improvement of economic processes, which is the basis for the modern global economy. However, depending on the definition used, the size of the digital economy is estimated to be between 4.5% and 15.5% of global GDP. Almost 40% of the added value created in the global information and communication technology (ICT) sector is accounted for by the United States and China. The level of digitization of the Ukrainian economy varies significantly, depending on the specific industry. In such areas as financial services, the provision of communication services, and logistics, Ukrainian companies use the achievements of information technologies as widely as foreign competitors. Also, the task of the state is both to ensure favorable conditions that contribute to digitalization, and to create opportunities for their implementation. The implementation of the requirements of digitalization, as a modern trend in the development of the economy and society, is to some extent facilitated by the presence of prerequisites for digitalization at the state and industry levels, as well as at the levels of individual households and citizens. The obtained results of the study can be useful in the development of strategies for the development of economic sectors after the end of hostilities for the further reconstruction of the economy of Ukraine.

Sorry, the World is not Flat: A Global View of Organizational Information Systems Issues

Information systems (IS) research paradigms, models, and findings are largely developed in the context of the U.S. and Western Europe; therefore, they are applicable primarily to the Western context and have limited relevance elsewhere. In response to this incomplete view and potential bias, the World Information Technology (IT) Project was launched more than five years ago to examine many topics, including the nature of organizational IS issues in various parts of the world. Using a common survey instrument, data were collected from IT employees in 37 countries. These 37 countries provide a good representation of the world as they exhibit different economic, cultural, political, religious, and regional differences. Results demonstrate the fallacy of the Western views and reveal that the globe does not always follow them. While there are a few common issues among the 37 countries, namely: IT reliability and efficiency, and security and privacy; more significantly, there are important differences. A cluster analysis of the country data corroborates the findings and divides countries into two groups: those with strategic issues and those with tactical and operational issues. Overall, the study underscores the importance of visioning beyond ethnocentric views and expanding our horizons to the global IT landscape. Particularly, business and IT executives need to address country and regional differences when pursuing international endeavors.

Survival of the Fittest: The Long-run Productivity Analysis of the Listed Information Technology Companies in the US Stock Market

Abstract This article tries to estimate the operating efficiency among 30 years (1989–2018) in the information technology (IT) industry, where technologies are everchanging. The balanced panel data model of Kneip et al. is extended to an unbalanced panel data model for more generic applications. The estimation results based on listed IT firms in the US stock market provide evidence that the law of the jungle is applicable to the IT industry. The industry survivors, which often obtain and maintain market power through merger and acquisition, create economic moats by setting high barriers to entry to defend against risk and uncertainty and dominate the capital-intensive and technology-intensive IT industry. At the same time, the estimation results also demonstrate that the global IT industry is highly sensitive to technological waves and business cycles. Though thriving start-ups and spin-offs stimulate innovation and generate a richer diversity, economies of scale are still essential for sustainable development in the IT industry.

Global Information Technologies: Ethics and the Law

Below are the principal features of Global Information Technologies: Ethics and the Law: (1) This book employs clear, accessible language to apply ethics, law, and technologies to the most contemporary dilemmas confronting information age professionals. (2) The book introduces five alternative ethical perspectives and applies them, in every chapter, to contemporary and future disputes, created by the rapid advances in information technology. (3) This text provides an in-depth exploration and analysis of how ethical issues impact legal decisions, statutes, and public policy. (4) Many computer ethics books present brief case synopses, but no other computer ethics book demonstrates the correlation between law and ethics in such compelling case studies. (5) This book includes the hottest topics in computer law and ethics: computer security, data protection, electronic monitoring of email and Internet usage, open source contracts, computer viruses, hacking, privacy, Internet security, cybercrimes, cyberbullying, intellectual property law developments, domain names/trademark conflicts, and software patents. (6) We introduce key global legal developments in every chapter such as the rules of cross-border jurisdiction, choice of law, the EU’s 2018 General Data Protection Regulation, Safe Harbor 2.0 enabling data transfers to the U.S., the Unfair Contract Terms Directive, and Moral Rights. (7) Textboxes in every chapter call students’ attention to case studies, documents from official sources, and recent legal developments. Pictures, tables, and charts help make this book accessible. (8) With a unique blend of ethical theories, legal cases, application, and public policy, each chapter underscores why an understanding of legal and ethical principles is critically important for success in the information technology field. Each chapter presents multinational cases that highlight contrasting legal and ethical perspectives across the globe. (9) Students learn that computer science is not purely a technical field, but requires professionals who can grasp and apply moral, legal and social implications to resolve rapidly evolving dilemmas. (10) Classroom-tested study and discussion questions are presented at the end of each chapter. (11) A book website with PowerPoints for each chapter, sample examination questions, and a 350-page glossary of legal and ethical terms used in the book will be provided to aid the instructor and students. Our online instructors’ guide contains a list of useful websites, suggestions for further reading, and resources for effectively using this book.

Особливості розвитку національного ІТ-ринку у світовому інформаційному просторі

The publication considers the main features of the formation of the information space of the present day, considers the features of information services and trends in the development of the IT market. The global information technology market is characterized by a high level of competition, which encourages IT companies operating in this market to use all available marketing means in order to withstand the constantly growing competition. In the context of activities in the global information technology market, effective marketing communication activities are of major importance, which is the key to ensuring the competitiveness of an IT company for successful operation in this highly competitive market. It is specified that the IT market is one of the elements of the formation of a modern high-tech market in Ukraine. In a broad sense, IT covers all areas of transfer, storage and perception of information. At this, IT is often associated with computer technology, and this is no coincidence: the advent of computers has brought IT to a new level. Further on, the basis of IT is the technology of processing, storing and perceiving information. The main trends in the development of the IT market have been identified, which include: competence (Ukraine has highly qualified specialists in the field of programming, software testing, data analysis and other related fields); competitiveness (Ukrainian IT companies provide quality services at more reasonable prices compared to developed countries of the West); speed of development (the IT industry in Ukraine is developing rapidly and growing, which makes it possible to be on the way to technological leadership); the presence of a startup ecosystem (Ukraine has an active startup ecosystem that promotes the creation and development of young technology companies); geographical location (Ukraine is in a convenient geographical position for cooperation with Europe and the United States, which makes it easy to enter the world market). It is concluded that one of the key factors for success is to ensure a favorable business climate in Ukraine, which depends on government policy, legislation and infrastructure.

Digital sovereignty, challenges and risks of digitalization in Latin America

The article is devoted to the problem of digital sovereignty in the countries of Latin and Caribbean America (LCA). The monopolization of the global information technology (IT) industry has led to a sharp increase in the technological dependence of less digitally developed countries. The mass spread of social networks and digital platforms has increased the risks of external actors interfering in the socio-political and economic processes of developing countries. LCA states that are actively involved in digital transformation continue to depend on external suppliers of equipment and software, while their technological potential and qualified personnel are widely used in the interests of North American Big Tech. Dependence on tech giants and vulnerability in terms of digital security are pushing the countries of the region to take measures to develop national competencies in advanced technologies, solve the problem of ensuring digital sovereignty in critical sectors of the economy, create a favorable environment for doing business in the digital sphere, and improve legislative regulation.

Interaction of the National Library of Ukraine Named After V. I. Vernadskyi with Higher Education Institutions in the Context of Information Technology

One of the most important areas of modernization of the entire library and information sphere of the country is the establishment of close interaction of domestic libraries with higher education institutions. The aim of the article is to disclose the main trends and directions of fruitful cooperation of V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine with domestic and foreign institutions of higher education. The methodological basis of the article was formed by a complex of general scientific and special methods of scientific research. The principle of unity of interconnection with modern conditions is used; normative and alternative approaches; methods of analysis, source search, cognitive, structural-functional, descriptive, synthesis. The scientific novelty is to argue the diversification interaction of the V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine with domestic and foreign institutions of higher education as an invasive process in the near future by the following vectors: change of practice strategies and internship programs; V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine participation in competitions of student scientific works; Qualitative modification in the field of advanced training (V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine as a base for teachers of profile higher education institutions and vice versa profile higher education institutions – base for V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine specialists) and others. Conclusions. The impact of globalization and dynamic information technology of society requires acceleration of integration processes, modernization of structure and qualitative strategy of interaction between the educational services market and the labor market, so 1) it is necessary to develop optimal forms of interaction on partnerships between profile higher education institutions and V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine at a rapid rate Communications through the enrichment of interaction methods, diversification of platforms (forums, meetings, round tables, etc.), 3) rationally spread the best experience of both domestic interaction and foreign. The interaction of V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine with higher education institutions is constructively developed in such tested areas as international cooperation, cooperation, partnership, integration, coordination and cooperation. International cooperation of V. I Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine with foreign higher education institutions is implemented through traditional document exchange, joint organization and active participation in scientific conferences, membership in the editorial boards of periods of professional publications. The promising direction of development of information service is the V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine partner interaction with the libraries of leading domestic higher education institutions.