Global Food Market Research Articles

Impact of Coronavirus Covid-19 on the Food System

The article contributes to the theory of sustainability. It aims to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on global food security and its role in changing food supply chains, with a particular focus on international chains. The research is presented in several sections. The analytical portion discusses the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological crisis on the global food market. The state of food safety is then presented, taking into account the quantitative and qualitative aspects. Next, the aspect of the economic availability of food is examined, as well as the important role that international food chains play in shaping food safety. All sections include the results of an analysis of international secondary data on food security under the influence of an ongoing pandemic. The stated objective of the work was achieved and the questions that formulate the research problem were answered. Finally, the need for further normative studies was identified. (original abstract)

IoT based intelligence for proactive waste management in Quick Service Restaurants

Quick Service Restaurant industry is a massive sector which has a huge and ever increasing share in the global food market. Efficient management of resources is crucial to provide service optimization and to avoid massive amount of wastes in such a huge domain. This requires fully automated intelligence by using the power of the Internet of Things (IoT), instead of human based methods that are inefficient and prone to errors. In an IoT platform, edge computing is a vital technology to provide low latency, less redundancy, resource utilization, extra security and real time decisions. In this paper, an edge oriented IoT architecture for Quick Service Restaurants is proposed. In the proposed architecture, data is collected from a variety of wireless sensor nodes and data sources and processed at the edge to make predictions, to create timely and meaningful alerts and to make some intelligent decisions with an aim of waste management and reduction. For this purpose, it is mainly focused on anomaly/outlier detection and production service level estimation by incorporating lightweight clustering and classification techniques. Several experiments are performed in a real restaurant environment and the results show that the IoT based automation system is capable of correctly deciding on (in advance) production level, as well as triggering alerts in case of any kind of anomalous waste conditions.

Influence of current culture practices on disease outbreaks in shrimp farms located in North Western Province of Sri Lanka

Shrimps have become the most important part of the global aquaculture farming and world food market. However, after the industry was severely affected by the White Spot Syndrome Virus, remedial measures that are in place have not completely eradicated the problem that is affecting the livelihood of shrimp farmers and other stakeholders. Therefore, the study was conducted with the objective of determination of farmer culture practices using an interviewer-administered pre-tested questionnaire (n= 100). Results revealed that the disease occurred first in the Karukupane area during the study period and of 5 zones affected where Zone 2 (Arachchikattuwa) was the worst affected area. It was noted that 57% of farmers who have disease affected farms aerated their ponds and around 77% of them used 50,000-100,000 per acre stocking density. 64% of the farms were located very near (<1m) to the other farms and 48% were infected with the disease after 60-90 days of culture. 95% of diseased shrimps were caught and sold by releasing water mainly to the Dutch canal where most farms which were used Dutch canal as their main water source affected with the disease. Disease occurrence had increased at an increasing rate and the introduction of best management practices is timely important.

Formação de micorriza em variedades de oliveira (&lt;i&gt;Olea europaea&lt;/i&gt; L.) com potencial de cultivo em Minas Gerais

A oliveira, em razão da elevada demanda por produtos como azeitona e azeite de oliva, apresenta posição de destaque no mercado mundial de alimentos. Para o aprimoramento de seu cultivo, pesquisas relacionadas com fatores de ordem biológica da relação solo-planta estão ganhando enfoque, principalmente quanto ao uso de microrganismos como fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs). Contudo, há uma grande escassez de informação nessa área no Brasil, tanto em condições controladas quanto realizadas in situ. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho visou avaliar a formação de propágulos (usando as características micélio extrarradicular, número e diversidade de esporos) de micorrizaem17 variedades de oliveira (Olea europaea L.). Essas variedades, com potencial de cultivo no estado de Minas Gerais, são mantidas no banco de germoplasma da Fazenda Experimental de Maria da Fé – EPAMIG (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais). Houve resposta distinta entre as variedades de oliveira para a formação de micélio extrarradicular e micorriza, sendo a colonização radicular in situ variada entre 0,4% e 3,6%. Nas condições edafoclimáticas da região de pesquisa não foi detectada nenhuma influência das variedades de oliveira sobre o número total de esporos e a diversidade de FMAs, sendo que as espécies Glomus ambisporum e Acaulospora scrobiculata foram identificadas com maior frequência nas raízes das oliveiras analisadas.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural exports

The COVID-19 outbreak has shocked the world's economies in the year of 2020. As this pandemic spreads around the globe, many experts feared that the global food supplies might start running short, especially if supply chains were disrupted. COVID-19 also added to the uncertainty of the business operation. Therefore, it is critical to understand how COVID-19 pandemic affected global food supply and market. In this study, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 on agricultural export companies in China using a unique firm-level survey data. We found that although on average agricultural businesses experienced declines in the exports, exports of some agricultural products especially grain and oil held strong and even increased, implying the essential demand for staple food during the pandemic. Not surprisingly, exports of medicinal herb also increased significantly during the pandemic. However, exports of goods such as edible fungus and horticultural products sharply decreased. Our results also showed that in general, impact of COVID-19 on smaller firms was more severe than that on larger firms. The results of this study can provide useful guidance and implications for agricultural businesses and policy makers on their COVID-19 mitigation efforts to navigate this global pandemic.

Conditions and factors of efficient integration of AIC of Belarus into the global food trading system

On the background of intensive development of world trade in agricultural products and foodstuffs,Belarusis increasingly entering the system of international division of labor, occupying a fairly significant place in the world ranking of the leading countries. In turn, it stimulates the domestic agricultural industry to develop in the dynamic rhythm of the world market and constantly adapt to evolution of the international trading system. Participation of the republic in regional integration communities, such as the Eurasian Economic Union and theUnionStateofBelarusandRussia, is one of the areas for achieving sustainable development of AIC. In this regard, the issues of studying the conditions and factors of efficient integration of AIC into the global food trade system acquire particular relevance. The paper highlights the major conditions for functioning of the global food system over the shorter and longer term. It has been substantiated that sustainability of integration ofBelarusinto the global food market was determined by the following factors: stability of international competitiveness of Belarusian foodstuff, export specialization in products of animal origin, significant part of trade with theRussian Federation, favorable conditions for development of agricultural business, etc. Advantages of large-scale production and the role of large integrated agricultural holdings in formation of Belarusian transnational corporations of agrarian profile have been reflected, the main forms of efficient interaction in AIC have been considered.

Molecularly imprinted polymer nanogel-based fluorescence sensing of pork contamination in halal meat extracts

Pork contamination is a serious concern for the global halal food market because many manufacturers commonly use pork instead of beef to reduce production costs. In this study, a highly sensitive fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer nanogel (F-MIP-NG)-based sensor was developed for rapid porcine serum albumin (PSA) detection to investigate pork contamination in halal meat extracts. F-MIP-NGs were prepared via molecular imprinting and conjugation with ATTO 647N as the fluorescent reporter molecule for the post-imprinting modification (PIM) and then immobilized on gold-coated sensor chips. For achieving rapid and easy measurement, the fluorescence response was measured using a custom-made liquid handling robot equipped with a fluorescence microscope. The fluorescence response increased with increasing PSA concentration. Under optimal conditions, the F-MIP-NG-based sensors exhibited high sensitivity, a detection limit of 40 pM, a linear range of 0.25–5 nM, and excellent affinity and selectivity towards PSA, compared to potentially interfering proteins. Moreover, it was more efficient to detect beef contamination in 1 wt% pork contamination compared to the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Collectively the good analytical performance, high rates of recovery in real meat extract samples, fast detection, and a low detection limit of pork contamination (0.1 wt%) indicated the potential of the proposed sensor for detecting PSA as a marker of pork contamination in halal meat samples. The proposed sensing system based on the MIPs would open a way to establish highly sensitive and rapid sensing systems (<5 min/sample) for food analysis.

Convenience Food : An Emerging Trend in India

Convenience food industry has shown a rapid growth in India in the last few years. Now a days they arevery much in demand and is growing at a rapid rate. These foods are saviour for busy and working people.They have been widely accepted by the non-working people as well. Due to fast and busy life, consumptionpattern of people is drifting from raw food to convenience foods. Convenience foods are overly processedfood which saves the preparation and cooking time of food in the kitchen.. Young generation children aremore likely to consume packaged food as they give great aroma, texture and taste. These foods determinethe food choices and consumption pattern of the consumers. Urbanisation and the changing lifestyle has ahuge role in increasing the demand of such food items. They are gaining immense popularity in the foodindustry, global food market and among the food scientists. In the past few years convenience food hasshown a remarkable growth in the food market . This present study aims at studying the consumption patternof convenience food in India.

The COVID-2019 pandemic as a trigger of new food crisis

Subject. The article discusses the protection of national commodities markets and the national food security during the coronavirus pandemic. Objectives. The study is to theoretically substantiate processes and events that influence decisions of some national governments to ensure the availability of food products. Methods. The study is based on methods of the logic, statistical and graphic analysis, comparison and analogy, synthesis and generation of new knowledge. To analyze the current situation through the analytical review method and graphic presentation, we evaluate the current circumstances in the global food market. Results. Trying to get a comprehensive understanding of the current processes, we need to analyze the surrounding circumstances worldwide in 2020 and consequences of national decisions. Thus, we analyzed pricing trends in the global food market, conclude on the need in the uninterrupted agricultural season in 2020. We focus on escalating crisis tendencies as the coronavirus pandemic gains momentum. Conclusions and Relevance. As some countries go for paternalism to protect their domestic commodity markets, they will manage to curb the growing crisis for a certain period of time. As emerging economies depend on imports of food, they will face a more complicated situation, thus urging new migration flows to more advanced economies. There are pretty gloomy forecasts on the 2020 agricultural season and harvest, which will make countries financial support the sectors that were most hit by the new pandemic.

Russian projects in tractor engineering intended for increasing the efficiency of agricultural production

Technical and technological upgrading of agricultural production is a necessary factor in maintaining the competitiveness of an agricultural producer. According to experts, the lag in technological development as compared to the level of developed countries is a generation in production process, and from two to three generations in machinery for most agricultural producers. To ensure a decent position of the Russian Federation on the global food market, it is necessary to close this gap in the shortest possible time. Therefore, the timely introduction of the latest scientific and technical projects in production is currently an unconditional basis for its further development. Technical and technological upgrading has a direct impact on the efficiency of agricultural production and the sustainability of agriculture in general. The experience of these agricultural producers who have upgraded their own production shows that agriculture is becoming a high-tech and highly efficient industry. The upgrading of agricultural machinery is a continuous process of introducing innovations into individual components and systems that increase the power, functionality and efficiency of the machinery as a whole. The article analyzes a number of projects of domestic machine builders that are competitive with respect to foreign models.

Dynamic Development of the Global Organic Food Market and Opportunities for Ukraine

Considering the insufficient usage of natural resources, ecological crisis, rising population and limitations of the traditional food system in the 21st century, it is extremely important to search for methods to achieve sustainable development. In this context, the search for alternative methods of farming and the transformation of typical food consumption is relevant; the organic market and its features are of particular interest. Based on the above, this article is dedicated to understanding what the development opportunities for the production and export of Ukrainian organic products within the global market are. To achieve this objective, it became necessary to study the specificities of the dynamic growth of the global organic food market, which includes identifying the dominant factors of its development, peculiarities of its regulation, evaluation of the current state, main trends and prospects. The study provides the characteristics of the top competitors in the global market, consumer segmentation and experience of the implementation of global and national organic sector development and support programs. As a result of the study, it was found that Ukraine has unrealized export potential that can be realized using a combination of practices used abroad (the active use of marketing tools, state support for the organic sector and increasing organic production by uniting producers into clusters and creating cooperatives).

Entry mode selection and its impact on the competition between organic and conventional agricultural products

As the global organic food market continues to grow, so too will the challenges associated with managing organic food supply chains. We consider an entry mode selection problem facing an organic farmer. Specifically, an incumbent conventional farmer is selling its product through an independent retailer on the market. An organic farmer aiming to enter the market faces the problem of selecting between the conventional farmer’s retailer and an organic-only retailer. Consumers are heterogeneous in their purchasing valuation of the conventional agricultural product and its organic alternative. Horizontal competition between the two competing farmers is considered under different scenarios. Multiple-stage games are analyzed to study the impact of different cases on the pricing decision and profit of each player. The results show that when the organic agricultural product enters the market through the incumbent conventional retailer, two types of products are sold through a common retailer, the competition between the two farmers will be intensified, and the profit at the retail end will increase. It is always better for the organic farmer to sell an organic agricultural product through an independent organic-only retailer than to sell it through the incumbent conventional retailer. The paper makes two contributions. First, we derive the explicit equilibrium under chain-to-chain competition with piecewise linear demand functions. Second, we link the analytical marketing literature on channel structures with the supply chain literature on chain-to-chain competition and apply them to the food supply chain.

Sertifikasi Halal dan Implikasinya Bagi Bisnis Produk Halal di Indonesia

This paper aims to determine the implications of halal certification for the halal product business in Indonesia. The issue of halal has become a global trend marked by the presence of halal certification institutions in various parts of the world. This paper uses descriptive qualitative methods through a review of relevant literature and observations of the practice of implementing halal guarantee systems in Indonesia. Data obtained through journals, books, magazines, newspapers, electronic media, such as the official website of LPPOM MUI and personal communication with competent sources. The results showed that the certification of halal products has positive implications in building a halal business climate in Indonesia. For consumers, halal certification provides protection, guarantees, product halal information and becomes an instrument of business ethics. For business people, halal certification provides benefits to increase consumer confidence and reach the global halal food market.

Alimentos plant-based: estudo dos critérios de escolha do consumidor

A crescente demanda pela alimentação plant-based já é realidade no mercado global de alimentos. Esses produtos atendem aos anseios de um público de perfil heterogêneo, porém pouco se sabe sobre os fatores que influenciam s suas escolhas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os critérios envolvidos na escolha por alimentos à base de plantas de consumidores de Fortaleza-CE e região metropolitana. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de mercado através da aplicação de um questionário inspirado no Food Choice Questionnaire, de forma presencial, em um refeitório universitário e um restaurante vegetariano, e on-line. Os respondentes foram em sua maioria um público de 18 a 35 anos, do gênero feminino e consumidores de produtos vegetais diariamente. O questionário revelou propriedade métrica, com valores de α de Cronbach entre 0,664 e 0,804. Os critérios de escolha considerados mais importantes para os entrevistados em alimentos à base de plantas foram “preço” (6,12±1,24) e “apelo sensorial” (6,03±1,34). Quando comparado os segmentos dos consumidores, o critério “controle de peso” foi de maior relevância para o gênero feminino. A partir das observações e análises realizadas, esta pesquisa apresenta informações importantes para o desenvolvimento de produtos plant-based na indústria de alimentos devido os critérios considerados relevantes para seu consumo.

Os Padrões de identidade e qualidade dos alimentos: uma análise de suas transformações no Brasil

Este artigo analisa transformações de normas de qualidade no Brasil, os Padrões de Qualidade e Identidade. A partir dos anos de 2000, a legislação brasileira acompanha mudanças no mercado global de alimentos, conforme questões sanitárias e de rotulagem passam a ser priorizadas em definições de qualidade. Diferentemente de outros estudos que analisam problemas com a implementação da legislação no setor alimentar no Brasil, este artigo problematiza o passo anterior, ou seja, a própria definição destas normas. São fontes para este trabalho relatórios e regulamentos técnicos da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária e do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia; publicações de jornais, de representantes da indústria alimentar, de associações de defesa consumidor e pesquisas de mercado. As mudanças em normas de qualidade no Brasil privilegiaram a abertura de novos nichos de alimentos industrialmente processados, assim como o mercado de ingredientes e aditivos químicos para atender a este setor; significaram a perda na qualidade nutricional de produtos; e resultaram em críticas por parte de grupos de consumidores e profissionais da área da saúde atentos a tais mudanças. Concluímos que a análise dessas transformações nos possibilita entender não apenas como novos produtos e mensagens de saúde ganharam legitimidade institucional e a quais interesses tais normas atendem, mas também como a perda da qualidade nutricional de alimentos é uma questão grave, que acontece na linha difusa deixada pela própria legislação.

Extraction and characterization of gelatin from camel skin (potential halal gelatin) and production of gelatin nanoparticles.

Gelatin is used as an ingredient in both food and non-food industries as a gelling agent, stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, and film former. Porcine skins, bovine hides, and cattle bones are the most common sources of gelatin. However, mammalian gelatins are rejected by some consumers due to social, cultural, religious, or health-related concerns. In the present study, gelatin was obtained from camel skin as an alternative source using a combination of processing steps. Central composite design combined with response surface methodology was used to achieve high gelatin yields under different extraction conditions: temperatures of 40, 60, and 80 °C; pH values of 1, 4, and 7; and extraction times of 0.5, 2.0, and 3.5 min. Maximum gelatin yield from camel skin (29.1%) was achieved at 71.87 °C and pH 5.26 after 2.58 min. The extracted gelatin samples were characterized for amino acid profile, foaming capacity, film formation, foam stability, and gel strength (Bloom value). Gelatin nanoparticles were produced, and their morphology and zeta potential were determined. Bloom value of the camel skin gelatin was 340 g. Amino acid analysis revealed that the extracted gelatin showed high glycine and proline contents. Analysis of camel skin gelatin nanoparticle and functional properties revealed high suitability for food and non-food applications, with potential use in the growing global halal food market.

A Jewish Religious Perspective on Cellular Agriculture

Clean Meat is an emerging technology which promises to revolutionize the global food market. Alongside technological developments, the social impact of this innovation is being explored. Consumer acceptance will depend on multiple factors. For Orthodox Jews, the critical question will be whether the food can be defined as Kosher. In the absence of an exact precedent in Talmudic case law, scholars have begun to examine which set of principles would govern the status of the meat product. Traditionally, meat is permitted for kosher consumption only when it derives from a kosher species which has been kosher slaughtered in accordance with strict regulations. There is room to suggest that this same set of rules would determine the status of any product derived through cellular agriculture, and thus the source cells would have to be extracted from a kosher species and only after kosher slaughter. Another approach would be to view the process as so different from the traditional growth of meat that it may be defined as kosher, even where traditional meat would not. Three determining factors will be: 1. The source of the original cells from which clean meat will be produced (animal species and cell type) 2. The nature of the growth medium and 3. The exact nature of the process involved, which will determine whether the final product is considered a new entity or merely an inheritance of the starter cells. An authoritative ruling must be based on an in-depth appreciation of the scientific methods involved.

The ECOWAS agricultural policy and the quest for food security: assessing Nigeria’s implementation strategies

ABSTRACT The major objective of this study is to assess the complementarities of the measures adopted by Nigeria vis-à-vis the Economic Community of West African States Agricultural Policy and the Comprehensive Africa Agricultural Development Program (ECOWAP/CAADP). Within this context, the study examines the extent to which Nigeria has leveraged its agricultural sector to roll away food insecurity in terms of increased productivity and competitiveness. In 2003, African leaders initiated the CAADP to revitalize and leverage the agricultural sector to drive development on the continent. Consistent with the CAADP, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) developed its agricultural policy named ECOWAP in 2005. In the same vein, Nigeria developed a number of policy documents in line with the overarching thrusts of the ECOWAP/CAADP to boost the productivity and competitiveness of its agricultural sector. This study employs both primary and secondary data, which are analyzed through logical inductive method to evaluate the extent to which Nigeria has achieved the ECOWAP/CAADP commitments. It finds that despite the various programs evolved by the Nigerian government to leverage its enormous agricultural potentials, the country is neither on track to achieving food security nor becoming a major player in the global food market.

НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЭКСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ В АГРАРНОМ СЕКТОРЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ ИНДИИ

The article analyzes the production of agricultural products in India for the period 2000-2018. - as the basis for the formation of export potential, which has shown an increase in production in almost all major types of agricultural products in India. Today India is a major exporter of agricultural products and foodstuffs and ranks sixth in the ranking of the 10 largest exporters in the world. Its share in the global market in 2018 was 2.2%. ($ 42 billion). India intends in the future to significantly increase the volume of supplies of agricultural products to the world market - up to 100 billion dollars. In this regard, India has developed a new export policy aimed at developing export potential through the production of high value-added products and the development of export infrastructure, which will increase the competitiveness of Indian products in the global food market. The article discusses some aspects of export policy. Particular attention is paid to the formation of clusters and agricultural export zones, the creation of which will attract foreign investment both in agricultural production and in the development of infrastructure in India, and ensure the production of high quality products. An important point in the formation of clusters is the involvement of farmers in the value chain through the creation of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), designed to help smallholders overcome shortcomings in production and expand the presence of farmers in foreign markets. The article reflects the infrastructure to support exports and stimulate the production of export agricultural products with high added value. The issues of mutual trade in agricultural products between India and Russia and some directions of its development are considered.

Colonialidade alimentar? Alguns apontamentos para reflexão

Alimentar-se é um exercício cotidiano que além da ingestão/incorporação de alimentos ao corpo, desvela a ação humana em sociedade, conectando-se às identidades e às diferenças, a questões de gênero, às práticas sociais e à própria nutrição. Contudo, alimentar-se tem ficado cada vez mais apartado dessa associação, evidenciado pela observação de que determinados alimentos começam a dançar no mercado global alimentar e passam a ocupar um lugar de privilégio. Esse movimento faz parte de um trajeto que visa à homogeneização e estandardização, não somente dos alimentos, mas no limite dos corpos produzidos por essa alimentação. De outra parte muitas comidas “ancestrais” e/ou tradicionais e seus legados de práticas alimentares são extraídos de suas realidades locais ficando longe de sua matriz referencial. Neste trabalho nos questionamos de por que apenas um reduzido número de alimentos (soja, milho e trigo, leite e carnes) são eleitos como a base da dieta humana. Como chegamos a este estágio alimentar? E, é possível falar em termos de uma “colonialidade alimentar” (Herrera Miller, 2016). Iniciamos argumentando que o desenvolvimento e seus dispositivos (o agronegócio, os transgênicos etc.) são empreendimentos que compõe a modernidade/colonialidade da racionalidade ocidental. Um segundo passo é avaliar se conjunto de práticas e conhecimentos envolvidos no agronegócio e a produção de alimentos oriunda das commodities apontam para uma “colonialidade alimentar”. O trabalho será embasado em dados da bibliografia e de alguns dados empíricos decorrentes da pesquisa para tese de doutorado de uma das autoras na Amazônia da Bolívia, onde pode-se observar como neste cenário emergem práticas de re-existências que ficam nas margens do sistema moderno.