Global Character Research Articles

Large constellations for fast acquisition and delivery of information: Design and analysis by stereographic projection onto the equatorial plane

SummaryRecent space projects are designed by satellite constellations with a large number of spacecraft, a global character (i.e., from equatorial to high inclination orbits), and the possibility to transfer information to different satellites of the constellation (inter satellite link) in order to deliver the information to the ground as soon as possible. To cope with a large number of parameters, a fast tool for constellation design, performance evaluation and networking strategies is needed. The aim of this paper is to obtain the performance of any constellation in less than 1 s, even when the number of satellites in the constellation and the duration of the analysis is large (e.g., more than 200 satellites in a period of some days). The proposed algorithm is based on analytical formulae obtained by using the stereographic projection on the equatorial plane of the satellite orbits and the projection of the target and ground station orbits. It is believed that the two‐dimensional projection proposed here can offer some advantages with respect to the spatial analysis of satellite orbits and their ground tracks, such as the reduction in time required to calculate station/satellite and satellite/satellite encounter conditions, and the clear and simple representation of the motion of the satellite of the constellation and of the ground stations of interest.

ON THE DYNAMICS OF A ClASS OF THIRD-ORDER POLYNOMIAL DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH INFINITE NUMBER OF PERIOD-THREE SOLUTIONS

We study the local dynamics and global character of third-order polynomial difference in the first octant of initial conditions with infinite number of prime period-three solutions (three cycles). It is also presented the case when the observed difference equation may be extended to the whole ℝ𝟑.

Global Standard-Setting for Artificial Intelligence: Para-regulating International Law for AI?

Abstract Although there are several ongoing attempts at the international level to develop rules applicable to artificial intelligence (‘AI’) across countries, only the joint work of the International Organization for Standardization (‘ISO’) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (‘IEC’) has been successful at delivering a text with global character: the foundational standard, ‘ISO/IEC 22989:2022(E)—artificial intelligence concepts and terminology’, published in July 2022. This article explores the meaning and implications of this new standard from a regulatory point of view. The argument advanced is that despite its voluntary nature, this standard sets a pathway for future regulation of AI internationally, making it a paramount example of para-regulation. Para-regulation is understood here as the norms that do not place themselves within the legal space but delineate boundaries for posterior developments within that legal space. The author adopts a critical view of this para-regulatory role, arguing that the institutional arrangements in which these standards are created, in terms of representation and decision-making procedures, are far from ideal. This is particularly the case given the possibility of regulatory confrontation between key international players.

Pengembangan EModul Pendidikan Multikultural Berbasis Pendekatan Aditif Untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar

The existence of a lot of diversity in elementary schools makes it important to instill non-discrimination, mutual respect and tolerance in students so that inclusiveness can be realized. This research aims to develop an additive-based multicultural education module as teaching material for global diversity character education and noble character for elementary school students. This research method is development research by adopting the Plomp stage which includes the initial investigation, planning (design), and realization stages, test stages, evaluation and revision. Data analysis includes 3 stages, namely data condensation, data presentation, conclusion drawing /verification). The eligibility data of the e module was obtained from expert validation and teacher response questionnaires. The outcome of this research is the creation of a digital teaching material that can effectively teach diversity from a global perspective. The e-module will be enriched with images, videos, audios, and interactive elements to enable students to gain a profound understanding of diverse cultures. By utilizing this module, students' awareness of cultural diversity will be heightened, and it will promote an inclusive attitude. Students will learn to value cultural differences and respect diverse values. The e-module will provide students with opportunities to interact with multicultural content, share their viewpoints, and communicate with students from different cultures through an online platform.

Новые подходы к исследованию феномена глобализации в зарубежной науке

The authors, based on a review of the latest foreign scientific literature on the problems of globalization, consider the emerging trends in its research. Some new views on understanding globalization and highlighting its essential characteristics are shown. Among the most significant features of globalization, Western researchers emphasize its dynamic nature, depending on a combination of social, economic and political factors. In general, the works of Western scientists and specialists on globalization have implemented an objective, comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of this phenomenon. However, the economic-centric view still dominates, when the essence of globalization and global processes is reduced mainly to its economic aspect. New topics in research such as global risks, the role of information technology in global processes, possible consequences of globalization are considered mainly in the economic context in connection with the process of development of the global economy. The analysis of these works allowed us to state the growing diversity of methodological approaches used by Western scientists to the study of globalization. Among them are transdisciplinarity, consideration of its multidimensionality, multi-aspect character of globalization, the relationship of globalism with geopolitics and geo-economics. The most productive is the use of civilizational, anthropological, institutional, constructivist and evolutionary approaches.

The quasi-linear Brezis-Nirenberg problem in low dimensions

We discuss existence results for a quasi-linear elliptic equation of critical Sobolev growth [3,14] in the low-dimensional case, where the problem has a global character which is encoded in sign properties of the “regular” part for the corresponding Green's function as in [9,11].

Moral Orientations and Traits of Public Relations Exemplars

ABSTRACT This moral psychology study surveys the College of Fellows of the Public Relations Society of America to examine morally relevant features and motivations. Using the Moral Foundations Theory assessment in conjunction with other moral psychology measures, the results (n = 59) affirm the exemplar status of Fellows, reflected in Global Character Strengths, personality traits and ethical ideology. Fellows reject relativism and rate Honesty and Fairness among their top Character Strengths, reflecting key ethical norms for public relations practice. Results also document links regarding empathy, justice and harm, reflecting the moral intuitionist orientations found to be common among populations in Western developed countries. Overall, the emerging moral psychology profile of PR exemplars embodies the spirit and core meta-ethical elements of both an ethic of care and neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics.

Local and global character representation enhanced model for Chinese medical named entity recognition

Chinese medical named entity recognition (CMNER) aims to extract entities from Chinese unstructured medical texts. Existing character-based NER models do not comprehensively consider character’s characteristics from different perspectives, which limits their performance in applying to CMNER. In this paper, we propose a local and global character representation enhanced model for CMNER. For the input sentence, the model fuses the spacial and sequential character representation using autoencoder to get the local character representation; extracts the global character representation according to the corresponding domain words; integrates the local and global representation through gating mechanism to obtain the enhanced character representation, which has better ability to perceive medical entities. Finally, the model sent the enhanced character representation to the Bi-LSTM and CRF layers for context encoding and tags decoding respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves a significant improvement over the best baseline, increasing the F1 values by 1.04% and 0.62% on the IMCS21 and CMeEE datasets, respectively. In addition, we verify the effectiveness of each component of our model by ablation experiments.

The Effectiveness of Cultural Literacy and Citizenship through Staging Creativity against Global Diversity Characters of Elementary School Students

This research is motivated by the decline in students' global diversity character as well as the lack of optimization of its application in elementary schools. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of cultural and civic literacy through creativity performances in improving students' global diversity character in elementary schools. The method used in this research is a quasi-experiment method with a non-equivalent control group design using an experimental class and a control class. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive analysis and prerequisite tests, namely the normality test and homogeneity test. Furthermore, hypothesis testing was carried out with the Independent Sample T-Test test and N-Gain data analysis. The results of this study show that applying cultural and civic literacy through creative performances effectively improves the character of global diversity of fifth grade elementary school students. There is significant difference in effectiveness between the experimental group and the control group on the global diversity character of grade V elementary school students. The treatment in the experimental group by implementing cultural literacy and citizenship through staging creativity is effective in increasing the character of global diversity in fifth grade elementary school students.

Educational potential: fundamental basics and innovative practical experience of Ukraine and the USA

Introduction. Socio-economic progress at the current stage of civilizational development is ensured on the basis of the educational potential of society, primarily by applying the knowledge of workers in the national economy. The high level of development of educational potential is the result of the effective activity of the education system, and, first of all, the professional, higher education system. Therefore, it seems extremely important to focus efforts on the constant growth and improvement of the educational potential, as well as on the justification of ways to improve it. Familiarity with the relevant world experience and, above all, with the experience of the USA, as the most developed country in the world in this context, should contribute to this.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the environment that contributes to the growth of educational potential from the standpoint of the needs of the economy and society and to determine priority tools and methods for improving the quality of educational services, taking into account the experience of the United States.Methods. In the process of research, a number of general scientific and special methods of cognition were used, namely: system analysis, systematization, generalization, logical, monographic, comparative, tabular.Results. The importance of formation, development and use of educational potential in the context of modernization of socio-economic and educational spheres is revealed. The opinion that educational potential is a basic component for the socio-economic development of society, especially for Ukraine, which is currently at the stage of socio- economic reformation, is substantiated. The trends in the formation of educational potential, which significantly affects the formation of a person and personality as the main factor that ensures the successful development of the country, have been studied. It is emphasized that in the conditions of globalization and competition, the educational potential acquires a global character. In this context, the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of the educational sphere in the United States of America and Ukraine are disclosed. Based on the analysis, a vision of directions for its further development is proposed. Ways to improve the quality of higher education in Ukraine are proposed, including by using the experience of the United States, implementing innovative policy in the field of education into practice.Perspectives. Further research should be devoted to the problems of implementation within the Ukrainian education system of the processes of activation of international activity and cooperation with foreign partners, which are factors in the growth of dynamism of innovations in the educational process, which will contribute to the further socio-economic development of Ukraine as a whole.

Semantic Learning for Facial Action Unit Detection

This article proposes semantic embedding for image transformers (SEiTs) to explore semantic features of facial morphology in the action unit (AU) detection task. The conventional approaches typically rely on external information (e.g., facial landmarks) to obtain the location of facial components, whereas the SEiT can learn morphological features intrinsically from the face image. The pre-training task, namely semantic masked facial image modeling (SMFIM), aims to actively obtain facial morphological information. The pixels of the input facial image are randomly erased with semantic masks (e.g., nose, eyes, eyebrows, mouth, and lip). The embedding model tries to predict the presence of facial components for the input image that can learn semantic representations of the face simultaneously. The learned semantic embeddings are fed to transformer blocks, which enable global interaction between semantic elements. The SEiT integrates facial morphological information and global interaction characters, appropriate for AU detection. The experiments are conducted on the Binghamton-Pittsburgh 4D (BP4D) dataset and Denver intensity of spontaneous facial action (DISFA) dataset, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SEiT.

Touched and Changed: Self-Reflexivity and Reciprocity in Fieldwork

Touched and Changed: Self-Reflexivity and Reciprocity in Fieldwork

ARCHITECTURE OF THE ECOSYSTEM OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
 AND THE FORMATION OF THE NEO-INDUSTRIAL REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 
 OF THE COUNTRY

The Fourth Industrial Revolution changes the course of the fundamental principles of the functioning of the digital economy and transfers it to the coordinates of neo-industrial development. The digital economy is undergoing one of the most significant transformations and is transforming into a neo-industrial one. In the new conditions, new theoretical knowledge and digital technology platforms are being transformed into leading factors of neo-industrial development. In the digital economy, a neo-industrial productive force is being created, which serves as the basis for transformational processes that are acquiring a global character. The active spread of the achievements of the fourth industrial revolution changes the qualitative characteristic of economic activity and creates a neo-industrial reproductive system.

Typology of parliamentary control bodies in democratic constitutions of the world

The article reveals the most characteristic features of the democratic constitutions of the world of parliamentary control over the observance of human and citizen rights by the state administration. Various types of bodies of parliamentary control over the practical implementation of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen declared by the constitutions are shown. Their list includes parliamentary or constitutional commissions for their protection, commissions for the protection of the rights of national minorities, representatives of non-traditional religions, in matters of castes, tribes, territory management and improvement of tribes, backward classes, official language, commissions for the development and protection of cultural, religious and linguistic rights communities, commissions on gender equality, commissions on petitions, commissions on motions, boards of people's human rights protection, radio broadcasting and television councils, councils for the protection of citizens' rights. It was concluded that the idea of control of compliance by officials with laws or simply customs and rules of behavior in society originated in the ancient world and continued its development during the Middle Ages. The division of laws into secular and ecclesiastical led to the emergence of the «law of justice» and the position of «lord chancellor», which turned out to be the prototype of the modern position of the ombudsman. With the adoption of democratic constitutions, a system of parliamentary standards for law enforcement by government officials was established. It covers general declarations of human and citizen rights and freedoms, guarantees of their protection by various state bodies, collective bodies, general or narrowly profiled, personal positions elected by parliaments, appointed by governments, monarchs, presidents, single or multiple, combined, with or without deputies , as well as regional and international organizations. At the current stage of the development of humanity and international legal science and political culture, universal legal values are actively developed ‒ generally recognized legal standards, models, benchmarks, principles, norms, procedures, etc., which have a global character and influence the development of all legal systems of the world to varying degrees. On the other hand, the identity of national law, the style of popular thinking, traditions, motives and approaches to legal regulation, as well as the distinctiveness of the legal culture of each country, are preserved.

USING OF THE MATHEMATICAL PLANNING OF THE EXPERIMENT FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE METHOD OF PHYTOREMEDIATION RESTORATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH PETROCHEMICALS

Nowadays, the problem of soil contamination with oil products has global character. The issue of soil quality is particularly acute in technogenically loaded territories, which, in particular, include the territories of airports. To reduce the negative impact of petrochemicals on the condition of the soils and to restore their quality characteristics, various methods of destruction of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils are used. In recent years, biological methods of cleaning soils from oil products are gaining more and more popularity. These methods have a number of advantages over physic-chemical and mechanical methods of restoring the quality of the soils contaminated with petrochemicals. However, the most popular is the phytoremediation method. In our research, we have chosen this method of cleaning soils contaminated with aviation fuel, as it is one of the most ecologically safe, cost-effective, accessible and promising of the existing methods of restoring the quality of soils contaminated with petroleum products. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the use of phytoremediation to restore the quality characteristics of soil contaminated with aviation fuel, using the method of mathematical planning of the experiment, namely the method of full factorial experiment, which allows obtaining a statistical model of the influence of the factors involved, namely the presence of plants and petroleum products. To achieve the goal, the phytoremediation technology of soil samples artificially contaminated with TS-1 aviation kerosene was applied. The plants chosen for the study were oats (Avena Sativa L.) and timothy (Phleum L.). The change in the level of phytotoxicity of the soil samples after the application of phytoremediation technology was determined using a growth test with watercress (Lepidium sativum).
 The obtained data showed that on the 10th day of observation, the negative impact of aviation fuel (X2) and the positive impact of plants (X1) is observed. At the same time, strengthening the positive impact of plant action and reducing the negative impact of aviation fuel in the interaction of these two factors X1 and X2. Analyzing the obtained results, we can draw a conclusion about the possibility of using the technology of phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils, which is quantitatively evaluated using the method of a full factorial experiment.

Early Children Education Based on Local Culture

Indonesia, one of the countries known and recognized by the world as a country with character and culture. Attention to the importance of naming culture in early childhood has been increasingly seen in the curriculum of early childhood education, in the profile of Pancasila students where there is a global diversity character, students including early childhood are expected to have a great love for Indonesian culture but still have thoughts open to interacting with foreign cultures. The purpose of this study is to explain the importance of learning early childhood education based on local culture. The method used is in the form of literature review with data sources obtained from articles, journals, books and other written works. The results of the study show that learning local culture in early childhood is very important, especially for early childhood development, besides that introducing local culture from an early age will form children with polite personalities, have a strong spirit of nationalism and will be able to be open-minded towards other cultures. As for cultural learning in early childhood can be done by introducing the closest cultural values such as the introduction of art, food, clothing, language, games, traditional house buildings. In addition, collaboration between parents, school/community, and local government is very important for the ongoing learning of local culture in early childhood.

An Entropy-Based Gravity Model for Influential Spreaders Identification in Complex Networks

The mining of key nodes is an important topic in complex network research, which can help identify influencers. The study is necessary for blocking the spread of epidemics, controlling public opinion, and managing transportation. The techniques thus far suggested have a lot of drawbacks; they either depend on the regional distribution of nodes or the global character of the network. The gravity formula based on node information is a good mathematical model that can represent the magnitude of attraction between nodes. However, the gravity model requires less node information and has limitations. In this study, we propose a gravity model based on Shannon entropy to effectively address the aforementioned issues. The spreading probability method is employed to enhance the model’s functionality and applicability. Through testing, it has been determined that the suggested model is a good alternative to the gravity model for selecting influential nodes.

PROFIL PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK BERBASIS TRADISI LOKAL “GAWAI DAYAK” DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER PELAJAR PANCASILA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN BINJAI HULU KABUPATEN SINTANG

This research aimed to describe lesson plan, the implementation of learning that lesson plan, the process of assessment, learning outcomes, supporting and inhibiting factors, and to describe the teachers’ and students’ responses and to describe the role of thematic learning based on local Dayak traditions in establishing the character of Pancasila for students. This is a descriptive research was carried out at SDN 12 Sungai Risap, SDN 04 SPF Mensiku and SDN 07 Telaga II, within the teachers, principals, and 4th grade students as the subjets. The findings of this research showed that are 1) the teachers had already planned the local tradition-based thematic learning well; 2) the teachers also had already performed 5 essential steps well, i.e. observing, asking, exploring, associating, and communicating; 3) the teachers had assessed the learning within the assessment procedure as showed by Curriculum of 2013; 4) the learning outcomes showed that the students could achieve the determined basic competencies through students’ knowledge, attitude, and skills; 5) there were some supporting and barrier factors for the students in order to achieve the basic competencies. The supporting factors were competent teachers, media, method, material, students’ interest, and environmental condition for studying, meanwhile the barrier factors were limited time, limited media, and students’ interest; 6) the teachers and students positively responded the implementation of local tradition ‘Gawai Dayak’ thematic learning-based. They stated that it was easy to understand because it was from their real experience in society; 7) ‘Gawai Dayak’ tradition-based thematic learning played role to establish the characters of students of Pancasila. Some of the characters were noble moral character (to the God, nature, and other human beings), global diversity character and mutual cooperation character.

Notes on historiography of photographs from India

AbstractDespite its long and layered histories, critical analyses of photography in India began rather late and remain comparatively limited in number. However, the burgeoining scholarship in the field illuminates photography's role in conditioning modern South Asian experiences, while also highlighting the global character of the medium that complicate the unmarked history of photography. Three intertwined historiographical threads are influential in narrating the colonial Indian camera cultures. The first thread emphasized descriptive histories, the second thread debated cultural essentialism, while the third thread inquired into myriad photographic genres to rethink colonialism. An inquiry into these three threads helps reflect on the intellectual scope of photographs from colonial India, while also directing to future archival and analytical possibilities.

ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

In modern times, the existing environmental problems have taken on a special global character. This primarily refers to the fact that when planning and implementing the material progress of society, the ecological rules of human life and the vital activity of other beings were not taken into account. In this regard, at present, almost all countries of the world, namely those related to the economically developed, are making maximum efforts to build their environmental policy, form rational use of natural resources and provide financial resources to replenish them. The main role in ensuring environmental policy is played by the state, but in modern society, the state apparatus is not the only subject of environmental policy, but only one of many, along with political parties, as well as scientific and professional associations, and commercial companies. Being an important part of the policy of all states, environmental policy and its implementation or non-implementation have an impact on the views of citizens towards state power.