Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Research Articles

Research on mechanical characteristics, fractal dimension and internal structure of fiber reinforced concrete under uniaxial compression

In this paper, a series of laboratory investigations were carried out to explore the effect of fiber dosage and types on the mechanical properties and failure modes of fiber-reinforced concrete. The concrete specimens with different fiber dosages (0 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.8 wt%, or 1.2 wt%) and fiber types (polypropylene, glass and polyacrylonitrile fibers) were prepared and subjected to uniaxial compressive testing. Besides, the industrial computed tomography (CT) scanning was conducted on samples before and after compression to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of internal micro-cracks. The experimental results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of fiber-reinforced concrete first increased and then decreased as fiber dosage increased. The peak stress of glass fiber-reinforced concrete was higher than those of polypropylene and polyacrylonitrile fiber-reinforced concretes. The peak stress of concrete with 0.8 wt% glass fibers was 39% higher than that of ordinary concrete. The strain of fiber-reinforced concrete linearly increased with fiber dosage increased. Furthermore, the fractal characteristics were investigated in the concrete cracks. The internal and external cracks revealed that the failure mode of fiber-reinforced concrete transitions from shear failure to tensile failure with fiber dosage increased. The extent of bridging effects of the three fiber types on cracks in the concrete could be ranked in descending order as follows: glass fiber > polypropylene fiber > polyacrylonitrile fiber according to the CT scanning results.

Strength Characteristics and Corrosion of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Column Exposed in Sea Water Environmental Condition

This paper highlights the investigation on the strength and corrosion study of glass fibre reinforced concrete (GFRP) column in sea water environmental condition. Specimen of size 600 mm length x 150 mm wide x 300 mm deep columns were cast. Totally 8 columns were cast. Out of which, 4 columns were cured using potable water and 4 columns were cured using in artificial sea water. Among 8 reinforced concrete columns, two concrete columns were used, as the reference column containing steel rods both in longitudinal and horizontal ties and were cured both in potable and artificial sea water. For the corrosion study, 2 concrete columns reinforced by GFRP bars in the longitudinal direction and steel rods as horizontal ties and were cured using artificial sea water. Rebound hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity tests were performed on columns to evaluate the strength characteristics at the end of 7, 14, 28, 56 and 90 days of curing. The results will also be validated using destructive methods. Corrosion study was also performed by single Cu-CuSo4 Half-Cell equipment. Based on the observation, it was found that the compressive strength in artificial sea water curing exhibited better performance than in potable water curing.

Durability Characterisation of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete by Resistance to Freezing and Thawing

Resistance to freezing and thawing of glass fibre reinforced concrete (GRC) modified with silica fume and metakaolin was tested according to scaling at freezing test method with de-icing salt after 112 cycles. Surface mass loss was obtained, flexural strain energies calculated from load- deformation curves and ductile/ brittle behavior of GRC composite explained. SEM micrograph analysis was used to identify possible flaws on the surface of filaments and fiber-matrix contact zone due to freeze-thaw influence.

Experimental and modelling study of mixture design optimisation of glass fibre-reinforced concrete with combined utilisation of Taguchi and Extreme Vertices Design Techniques

Micro and short fibre inclusions to concrete mixtures increase their precrack resistance, and random distribution of fibres improve the properties of concrete in all directions. In this study, general design optimisation of glass fibre (GF)-reinforced concrete (GRC) was conducted to help professionals in producing industrial concrete facades and walls. The effects of ingredients, including paste and silica sand used as aggregate metakaolin (MK) and GF contents, were examined in terms of their compressive and flexural strengths. Fresh concrete properties, such as workability, were investigated through fibre content tests. Concrete specimens containing various GF% and MK amounts (0%, 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of cement) were evaluated during the experiments. Test results were analysed and used in the optimisation phase of the study. The optimum ingredient contents and their relations with concrete performance were determined through combined utilisation of Taguchi, ANOVA and extreme vertices design methods. Results obtained from these optimisation methods were applied to the specimens. The proposed design and optimisation method is effective in optimising the mechanical properties of GRC mixtures.

High performance glass fiber reinforced concrete

The research article outlines the experiment for the fresh properties of concrete and harden concrete which is conducts to find the use of glass fibers with structural component like cube cylinder and beam. To find the strength and durability of M20 grade of concrete with Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC). GFRC is mixed with concrete in three different variation and identify the fresh properties of the concrete and the harden strength of the concrete. GFRC varies from 0 to 1 percentage by mass of concrete and the properties of this FRC like compressive strength, toughness, modulus of elasticity and flexure strength were studied.

Experimental evaluation of a composite material using GFRC

Abstract The most common construction material in the building and construction industry is concrete and cement is the main constitute ingredient of it. But the cement production is more energy consuming process, thus is costly and also adds up to 5-7% of total CO2 anthropogenic emissions resulting in global warming alerts. So there is need of alternate material which can replace cement. On the other side glass is an unavoidable component of our daily life, but it converts into a waste after being used and only 45% of the waste glass is being recycled. The Glass Fiber made from glass can be used in the construction world with much benefit. So in the present study an attempt is made to replace the cement by a green product in addition to A-R Glass fiber in it which is known as Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) and the strength properties is being studied. The GFRC was designed for M40 Grade concrete with partial replacement of the OPC with Silpozz in varying percentage of 5, 10 and 15 along with glass fiber in varying percentage of 0.16, 0.32 and 0.48 of the total cementitious Material in the concrete. The compressive and flexural strength test results at 7 and 28 days has been obtained. The maximum compressive strength of GFRC was obtained with the combination of 10% and 0.32% glass fiber as 77.3 MPa and the maximum flexural strength of GFRC was obtained with the combination of 10% and 0.48% glass fiber as 7.67MPa

Experimental and Numerical Study of Energy Absorption Capacity of Glass Reinforced SCC Beams

Various experimental studies have been carried out on glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC), but in limited studies, the behavior of this type of concrete is evaluated using finite element method (FEM). In this study an analysis model is presented for predicting energy absorption capacity of glass fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (GFRCSCC) beams and the results are compared with experimental study. For this purpose, the investigations are conducted in two experimental and numerical sections. In experimental section, the characteristics of fresh and hardened concrete have been evaluated using slump flow, V-funnel, L-box, T50, compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength tests. In numerical section, ABAQUS software has been used to simulate GFRCSCC beams. The concrete damage plasticity model has been used to simulated concrete material. The fiber contents are 0, 0.25, 0.75 and 1% of the mixed concrete by volume. The results show that the maximum increase in energy absorption capacity of beams compared to the plain concrete for 25, 35 and 45 concrete grade was 29, 33.2 and 53.75%, respectively. At last, the ultimate loads corresponding to the FEM are found to hold good agreement with experimental ultimate loads which validates the FEM.

Assessment of Plain and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Under Impact Loading: A New Approach via Ultrasound Evaluation

Impact loading leads to micro-crack formation that can compromise the performance of the concrete. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate plain concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete specimens using ultrasound methods under impact loading. These specimens were prepared and subjected to impact loading. Ultrasound tests were performed at different stages of impact loading on each specimen. The loading continued until cracks on the surface of the specimens were observed. Investigations were performed for both plain concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete to establish a correlation between ultrasound response characteristics, and the damage caused by impact loading due to the energy of blows transferred to the specimens. Analysis of signal records was based on the Fourier spectrum of signals and higher order harmonics. These investigations on the records improved the detection of damage on concrete, specifically micro-cracks. It was indicated that damage caused by impact loading deviates the predominant frequencies of diffused ultrasound waves from the excitation frequency. Finally, a new method was developed for detecting damage such as micro-cracks in concrete. The method was verified by using another impact mechanism for other specimens.

Analysis of the Versatility of Multi-Linear Softening Functions Applied in the Simulation of Fracture Behaviour of Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Materials.

Fibre-reinforced cementitious materials (FRC) have become an attractive alternative for structural applications. Among such FRC, steel- and polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete and glass fibre-reinforced concrete are the most used ones. However, in order to exploit the properties of such materials, structural designers need constitutive relations that accurately reproduce FRC fracture behaviour. This contribution analyses the suitability of multilinear softening functions combined with a cohesive crack approach for reproducing the fracture behaviour of the FRC mentioned earlier. The performed implementation accurately simulated fracture behaviour, while being versatile, robust, and efficient from a numerical point-of-view.

Utilization of Quarry Dust as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete introduction

Concrete plays important role in the construction of structures. The need for concrete increases day by day. Material required for concrete are getting depleted, so there is a requirement to find alternatives. At the same time the alternative materials should posses the property of the actual materials used in concrete and also they must provide the required strength to the concrete. Normally Concrete is firm in compression but anemic in tension and shear. The purpose of this study is to find the behaviour of concrete reinforced with hybrid macro fibers. By adding Glass fibers in percentages like 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%& 0.8% to the concrete, the properties like compressive, flexural and split tensile strength are investigated. The optimum percentage of glass fiber was found to be 0.4%. Quarry dust has been widely used in structures since ancient times. The present study is aimed at utilizing waste Quarry dust (WQD) in construction industry itself as fine aggregate in concrete, replacing natural sand and also by adding the optimum percentage of glass fibers. The replacement is done partially and fully in the various proportions like 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and its effect on properties of concrete were investigated. The optimum percentage of the concrete by adding 0.4% of glass fiber and the proportions was found to be 25%.

Properties of thin wall cement composites reinforced with AR glass, carbon and PVA fibres

Thin wall cement composites find a wide range of special applications for making light weight façade exterior wall and urban decorative elements, as well as a part of load bearing constructions. AR glass fibre is the most popular reinforcing material for producing glass fibre reinforced concrete (GRC). Possibilities for use alternative Carbon and PVA fibres are analysed in this work. The study is focused on investigation of technological and mechanical properties of thin wall (15 mm) cement composite plates reinforced by tree types of fibres.

Durability and Physical Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Subjected To Elevated Temperatures

Addition of glass fibers into concrete significantly modifies its tensile strength. The fibers are placed at desired locations and orientations by the matrix surrounding it, thereby making the fibers as principal load carrying members and also protecting them from environmental damage. Glass fibers provide resistance to high temperature, and the ease of incorporating them into the matrix either in continuous or discontinuous lengths. In this work, carbonation test representing the durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) was carried out, and then experimental program determines the properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of GFRC for 7 days and 28 days of curing, with percentage of fibers in ratios 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and performance of GFRC at elevated temperatures of 300°c, 500°c, 700°c, 1000°c are compared with conventional concrete. The results depict that, the residual compressive strength capacity of GFRC is greater than unreinforced concrete both at elevated and normal temperatures.

Effect of pozzolanic materials on mechanical properties and aging of glass fiber reinforced concrete

Glass fibers have shown to improve the mechanical properties of concrete as tensile strength and flexural strength. However, it has been shown that these fibers tend to corrode with concrete aging to affect glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) properties in an adverse manner. To prevent glass fiber corrosion in concrete environment, different percentages of pozzolanic materials were used in this study. It was found that the glass fibers inclusion would lead to partial reduction in concrete compressive strength. Modulus of rupture and toughness index were observed to improve greatly as a result of reinforcing concrete with glass fibers. Moreover, inclusion of nanosilica and metakaolin was found to prevent declines in concrete toughness and modulus of rupture with aging. Investigation of the pozzolanic contribution to modulus of rupture in GFRC revealed that the specific strength of cement declined within 7–90 days. This is while the specific strength of pozzolanic effect increased with time.

Experimental determination of GFRC tensile parameters from three-point bending tests using an analytical damage model

Glass-fiber-reinforced concrete (GFRC) has been emerging as a widely used construction material that is suitable for many structural elements and particularly flat slabs. This paper presents mix design proportions of GFRC with 0%, 2% and 3% weight fractions of fibers and experimental tests including the 3-point bending tests (NT 21.123 (NF P18-407)) which are usually used in practice. These tests provide indirect information on tensile behavior. They are completed by an identification of the tensile behavior made by inverse analysis to obtain it from their bending response. For this purpose, an analytical damage model is developed to obtain bending moment–curvature constitutive behavior. The deduction of load–deflection relationship is established using different beam theories. It is shown that the classical beam theory is sufficient to estimate the behavior of short beams having a span to height ratio equal to 3 according to NT 21.123 recommendations. Finally, the developed model is applied in order to determine ultimate bending moment capacity as function of GFRC flat slab and beam thickness.

Finite Element Study on Shear Performances of In-filled Bolt Joint of Assembled GRC Wall with Light Steel Skeleton Frame

A new in-filled wall is used in assembled steel structure buildings, which consists of two layers of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GRC) panels and a built-in light steel skeleton frame. To make this new wall fill in the main steel structure, a new in-filled bolt joint is used. In order to obtain the mechanical properties and failure modes under shear load, the shear performances of this joint were studied with the finite element (FE) software ABAQUS. The results show that before reaching the fracture failure strain, the in-filled bolt joint shows good elastic-plastic behaviour. When the strain of the in-filled bolt joint reaches the failure strain, the shear load reaches the peak value. Subsequently, due to the shear fracture of the bolt, the shear load drops rapidly. Throughout the loading process, the stress of steel beam and rectangular steel tube is always very small and the stress of the joint yields in a large area in the later stage.

Effect of calcined silt on the durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GRC)

The aim of this study is improving the durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete )GRC( and in the context of sustainability applications, reduction of cement consumption, and replacement of it with environmentally friendly materials. This study was conducted to test the role of Metakaolin produced by calcination of silt from Baloran dam in Lattakia on the Syrian coast as supplementary cementing material by 10% -15% -20% - 25% in GRC mixture, and to determine the effect of it on the consistency and flexure strength over 180 days, as well as to test its role in improving the micro-structure of the mixture by reducing the content of Ca(OH)2 which were tested using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques, and as a result reduced the erosion of fibers as shown in images by Scanning Electronic Electron Microscopy (SEM). Moreover the role of calcined silt has been studied in controlling the degradation of the material over time which tested by immersion in hot water 50° C for 150 days and by drying – wetting cycles. Also the effect of calcined silt on absorption, porosity and resistance of sulfates attacks was studied. The results have shown that used silt has no negative effect on consistency or mechanical properties, and it improved all the studied durability factors.

Experimental Study on Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk Ash and Fine Aggregate by Copper Slag and Quarry Dust

Experimental Study on Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk Ash and Fine Aggregate by Copper Slag and Quarry Dust

Study of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete and Aramid Composites

Study of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete and Aramid Composites

Finite Element Study on Bearing Capacities of Hook-Bolt Joint of Assembled GRC Wall with Light Steel Skeleton Frame

A new assembled external wall is composed of two glass fiber reinforced concrete (GRC) panels and built-in light steel skeleton frames and a layer of filled insulated core materials. To connect this new wall to the main steel structure, the new hook-bolt joint is used. The finite element (FE) software ABAQUS was used to study the bearing capacities of hook-bolt joint under horizontal force and vertical force. The FE results show that under horizontal and vertical force, the hook-bolt joint shows good elastic-plastic behaviour. In the initial stage of displacement loading, there is slip displacement stage and the load is very small. After this initial stage, with the gradual increase of displacement, the load increases gradually. Larger stresses are mainly distributed at the intersection of the hook-shaped connector and the U-shaped connector. The vertical bearing capacity of the hook-bolt joint is about two times larger than that of horizontal one. These studies can provide referential basis for the design and application of the hook-bolt joint of the assembled wall with light steel skeleton frame.

Ecological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Materials Based On Architecture of Zaha Hadid

Since 1977 – the year of inventing a glass fibre reinforced gypsum – the progressive popularity of materials strengthened with glass fibre is noticed. Light, high strength resistant, manufactured in complex geometries at high tolerances, made from post-consumer recycled material makes it a perfect component of each dream, architectural project. Zaha Hadid was an exceptional author of GFRG and glass fibre reinforced concrete (GFRC) breathtaking objects. Her astonishing Heydar Aliyev Center in Baku (The Republic of Azerbaijan) owes its fluid form to GFR materials. Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) and Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyester (GFRP) were chosen as ideal cladding materials, as they allow for the powerful plasticity of the building’s design while responding to very different functional demands related to a variety of situations: plaza, transitional zones and envelope. These panels generate a single curving surface that appears to emerge from the topography. It rises, undulates, and wraps inward at its base to completely envelop the building’s various volumes. Another magnificent project created by Zaha Hadid studio is a King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Centre - a non-profit institution for independent research into policies that contribute to the most effective use of energy to provide social wellbeing across the globe. Adding an eco-friendly advantage gives this material a full right to be announced a superb brick of the future. Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) contains materials that, taken from the soil, have no adverse effect on the environment. Concrete’s components include Fly Ash, Silica Sand, Portland cement and aggregate. Providing cheaper substitute than concrete and bricks for construction and reducing the duration of overall construction and hence saving labour cost makes it a more and more popular building material in developing countries which suffers from low increase of housing estates. Throughout a thorough scientific research the author tries to confirm this thesis, although some disadvantages of GFRC, such as lateral stiffness have been found. The architecture of Zaha Hadid represents a beauty and complexity of material reinforced with fibre glass, whereas its popularity in impoverished and developing countries such as India makes it a new kind of low-cost building element.