GIS Services Research Articles

Scheme Design of Mobile Phone Campus GIS System Basing on the Windows Phone Platform

The rising of the cloud computing and the generation of GIS cloud will promote the development mode of server and client into a new high tide, and with the popularity of intelligent mobile phones and plate computer, mobile will not only the development trend but also the trend of the development of IT, and then the development of intelligent mobile phone for the mobile GIS development will be the future GIS development of one of the main trend. So in our study, we considered how to explore the future wisdom campus mobile end GIS product, from this view, so we choose the system which is today's popular Windows Phone operating , and basing on the the wisdom campus, and design mobile Phone campus GIS system.Our research and development process choose the Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 as development platform, we using c # language for development, and choose ArcGIS Server10 as GIS service server, design and develope the Windows Phone mobile Phone about the mobile Phone campus GIS system. The whole system mainly consists of campus news module, course arrangement module, map query module, my diary module, recent weather modules, the system will convenience users’ campus life, which is also a very meaningful exploration and attempt for the intelligent campus.

The research and implementation of coalfield spontaneous combustion of carbon emission WebGIS based on Silverlight and ArcGIS server

As an important sub-topic of the natural process of carbon emission data public information platform construction, coalfield spontaneous combustion of carbon emission WebGIS system has become an important study object. In connection with data features of coalfield spontaneous combustion carbon emissions (i.e. a wide range of data, which is rich and complex) and the geospatial characteristics, data is divided into attribute data and spatial data. Based on full analysis of the data, completed the detailed design of the Oracle database and stored on the Oracle database. Through Silverlight rich client technology and the expansion of WCF services, achieved the attribute data of web dynamic query, retrieval, statistical, analysis and other functions. For spatial data, we take advantage of ArcGIS Server and Silverlight-based API to invoke GIS server background published map services, GP services, Image services and other services, implemented coalfield spontaneous combustion of remote sensing image data and web map data display, data analysis, thematic map production. The study found that the Silverlight technology, based on rich client and object-oriented framework for WCF service, can efficiently constructed a WebGIS system. And then, combined with ArcGIS Silverlight API to achieve interactive query attribute data and spatial data of coalfield spontaneous emmission, can greatly improve the performance of WebGIS system. At the same time, it provided a strong guarantee for the construction of public information on China's carbon emission data.

Map Room to Data and GIS Services: Five University Libraries Evolving to Meet Campus Needs and Changing Technologies

Programs for geospatial support at academic libraries have evolved over the past decade in response to changing campus needs and developing technologies. Geospatial applications have matured tremendously in this time, emerging from specialty tools to become broadly used across numerous disciplines. At many universities, the library has served as a central resource allowing students and faculty across academic departments access to GIS resources. Today, as many academic libraries evaluate their spaces and services, GIS and data services are central in discussions on how to further engage with patrons and meet increasingly diverse researcher needs. As library programs evolve to support increasingly technical data and GIS needs, many universities are faced with similar challenges and opportunities. To explore these themes, data and GIS services librarians and GIS specialists from five universities—the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Texas A&M, New York University, North Carolina State University, and California Polytechnic State University—with different models of library geospatial and data support, describe their programs to help identify common services, as well as unique challenges, opportunities, and future plans.

Maps & GIS Data Libraries in the Era of Big Data and Cloud Computing

In upcoming years, two major changes in the computing landscape will reshape how map and GIS data libraries (MGDLs) will be required to perform their core functions in the future. These advancements—cloud computing and the “Big Data era”—offer opportunities and challenges for libraries, but most dramatically changes. Commercial cloud computing solutions are available as on-demand service; low-cost, internal private clouds are now a financial possibility. Simultaneously, Geographic Information Science (GISci) data and services have advanced at an ever-increasing pace into the “Big Data,” swelling the types and amounts of GIS data and services available. These two shifts have and will impact the entire GIS world and MGDLs, in response, and will now be required to collect, curate, and make available more data and services than ever. The MGDL community must be prepared to respond and react in order to remain effective. This article explores the evolving landscapes within which MGDLs must operate and examines how their roles and operational organization will be impacted. The hope of the authors is that such analyses will spark community-driven discussion to motivate the next major phase of research and implementation in the world of MGDLs.

Web 2.0 and Neogeography. Opportunities for teaching geography

This paper is focused on the use of the geographical contents in Web 2.0 applications for didactics and particularly as a valuable source for many of the operations traditionally carried out when working with geographical data and issues in a GIS environment. The paper represents an introductory examination of to date well known topics concerning geographical data and software but with the focus of using them for teaching geographical issues and introducing them for the use of (online) Geographic Information tools. In particular it will be pointed out how geographical questions can be raised and tackled by means of data and features spread over the web and containing geographical data. There is also an analysis of how they can be elaborated cartographically. The paper opens with a short introduction to the geographical “revolutions” that took place in the late XX and early XXI centuries in the digital age, with the advent of GIS and the so-called neogeography. A brief review on how GIS and geospatial technologies in general can be effectively used to disseminate geographical issues follows. The attention is then focused on an exercise, that can be proposed to geography students, or that is, the analysis of the Italian 2013 general election. The exercise foresees the use of geocoded tweets from Twitter, the popular social media, and some of the hashtags used in the pre-election periods (#elezioni2013) to observe their concentrations. The exercise also implies working with a free web GIS service such as GeoCommons, which together with other families of similar online software, make it possible to produce maps showing some thematic representations of the results obtained as well as analyzing the data with more than basic visualization functions.

Exploring eParticipation in the city of Cape Town

The city of Cape Town has invested in ICT capability. The city has successfully implemented a powerful ERP system and is completing several projects such as: setting up an optical fibre network, improving GIS, eProcurement and other services. All these will impact highly on the provision of transactional services to citizens. But what about their other needs for housing, sanitation, security, legal environment and other community infrastructural facilities, the poor resolution of which is leading to fierce demonstration and sometimes to violence? This paper uses Actor Network Theory (ANT) and explores the use of mobile, web and social media technologies in achieving eParticipation in the city of Cape Town.

A web GIS based integrated flood assessment modeling tool for coastal urban watersheds

Urban flooding has become an increasingly important issue in many parts of the world. In this study, an integrated flood assessment model (IFAM) is presented for the coastal urban flood simulation. A web based GIS framework has been adopted to organize the spatial datasets for the study area considered and to run the model within this framework. The integrated flood model consists of a mass balance based 1-D overland flow model, 1-D finite element based channel flow model based on diffusion wave approximation and a quasi 2-D raster flood inundation model based on the continuity equation. The model code is written in MATLAB and the application is integrated within a web GIS server product viz: Web Gram Server™ (WGS), developed at IIT Bombay, using Java, JSP and JQuery technologies. Its user interface is developed using open layers and the attribute data are stored in MySQL open source DBMS. The model is integrated within WGS and is called via Java script. The application has been demonstrated for two coastal urban watersheds of Navi Mumbai, India. Simulated flood extents for extreme rainfall event of 26 July, 2005 in the two urban watersheds of Navi Mumbai city are presented and discussed. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the flood simulation tool in a web GIS environment to facilitate data access and visualization of GIS datasets and simulation results.

52°North WPS and its Application in Fire Emergency Response

This paper researches the feasibility of real-time processing data from Sensor Web by means of Web Processing Service (WPS), which isnt dependent on the platform of the traditional monolithic GIS. On this base, an actual solution is provided to configure and transform some monolithic GIS services into accessed web services, at the same time the customer could automatically get data offered by Sensor Web and simulate processing up-to-date information to obtain desired results in client-side , which could visualize quickly to provide critical and timely help for users at crucial moment. The applicability of the solution is demonstrated by a fire scenario in which we employ WPS framework of 52North project and the client-side is OpenLayers.

Data Driven Program Planning for GIS Instruction.

This study used both focus groups (qualitative) and survey data (quantitative) to develop and expand an instruction program for GIS services. It examined the needs and preferences faculty and graduate students have for learning about GIS applications for teaching and research. While faculty preferred in person workshops and graduate students preferred online instruction, those who responded to the survey expressed the need for more instructional outreach in GIS. The College of Public Health, Biological Sciences and Sociology expressed the most interest in GIS instruction identifying specific subjects and data sources. The study outlines next steps and instructional objects for different audiences and for discipline specific integration of GIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Node.js를 활용한 웹GIS 서버의 설계와 구현

웹GIS는 수년 동안 사용자들에게 효율적이고 정확한 공간정보를 제공하기 위해 최신 웹기술을 기반으로 발전해왔다. 또한 웹GIS 서버는 클라이언트의 요청을 빠르게 연산 처리하고 공간정보 서비스를 제공하기 위해 성능개선을 지속해왔다. 본 연구에서는 서버 개발에 자바스크립트(JavaScript)를 사용하는 이벤트 기반의 비동기식 I/O 처리가 가능한 프레임웍 기술인 Node.js를 활용하여 NodeMap이라고 이름붙인 웹GIS 서버를 설계하고 구현하였다. NodeMap은 기본적으로 OGC 표준 인터페이스를 지원하는 웹GIS 서버이다. 이를 위해 공간 인덱스 및 표준 공간쿼리 함수를 지원하는 DBMS를 활용하여 GIS 데이터를 처리하도록 하였다. 그리고 공간 정보를 타일 맵 위에 렌더링 하기 위해 HTML5 Canvas를 지원하는 Node-Canvas 모듈을 활용하였다. 마지막으로 Node.js의 가장 많이 쓰이는 커넥트 모듈 기반의 프레임웍인 Express 모듈을 활용하였다. 구현된 NodeMap은 성능테스트를 통해 향 후 웹GIS 서버개발기술로서 Node.js의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 기존 서버 개발 기술과 차별화된 기술인 Node.js를 웹GIS 서버 구현에 우선적용 함으로서 향 후 인터넷 GIS 서비스에서의 활용 가능성을 제시하였다. Web GIS, based on the latest web-technology, has evolved to provide efficient and accurate spatial information to users. Furthermore, Web GIS Server has improved the performance constantly to respond user web requests and to offer spatial information service. This research aims to create a designed and implemented Web GIS Server that is named as Nodemap which uses the emergent technology, Node.js, which has been issued for an event-oriented, non-blocking I/O model framework for coding JavaScript on the server development. Basically, NodeMap is Web GIS Server that supports OGC implementation specification. It is designed to process GIS data by using DBMS, which supports spatial index and standard spatial query function. And NodeMap uses Node-Canvas module supported HTML5 canvas to render spatial information on tile map. Lastly, NodeMap uses Express module based connect module framework. NodaMap performance demonstration confirmed a possibility of applying Node.js as a (next/future) Web GIS Server development technology through the benchmarking. Having completed its quality test of NodeMap, this study has shown the compatibility and potential for Node.js as a Web GIS server development technology, and has shown the bright future of internet GIS service.

정보 전략 계획(ISP)을 통한 농촌지역개발사업 정보시스템 구축방안

This study aims at suggesting some measures to establish rural community development information system through ISP. A future model for rural community development information system was established by applying such 3-step ISP methodology as environment analysis, current status(AS-IS) analysis, future(To-Be) directions. As a result, with the vision of realizing comprehensive information service for rural development projects, rural development information system has established such goals as the assistance of project decision making through preparing rural development project data management system and acquiring evaluation efficiency, the preparation of spatial information utilization system, the utilization of objective GIS-based information through the increase of data management efficiency, the community activation and participatory rural development through rural spatial information portal service. In order to attain the goals, four strategical subject matters were derived. They are: 1) one-stop service subject matter for data management including pilot DB building for rural development projects, 2) rural information GIS service strengthening subject matter including DB building for rural development, O&M measures, 3) step-by-step DB building subject matter including the sharing of integrated information system for rural development, and 4) core value increase subject matter of spatial information data including the building of active service delivery system.

Using GIS servers and interactive maps in spectral data sharing and administration: Case study of Ahvaz Spectral Geodatabase Platform (ASGP)

With emergence of air-borne and space-borne hyperspectral sensors, spectroscopic measurements are gaining more importance in remote sensing. Therefore, the number of available spectral reference data is constantly increasing. This rapid increase often exhibits a poor data management, which leads to ultimate isolation of data on disk storages. Spectral data without precise description of the target, methods, environment, and sampling geometry cannot be used by other researchers. Moreover, existing spectral data (in case it accompanied with good documentation) become virtually invisible or unreachable for researchers. Providing documentation and a data-sharing framework for spectral data, in which researchers are able to search for or share spectral data and documentation, would definitely improve the data lifetime. Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) are main candidates for spectral data management and their efficiency is proven by many studies and applications to date. In this study, a new approach to spectral data administration is presented based on spatial identity of spectral samples. This method benefits from scalability and performance of RDBMS for storage of spectral data, but uses GIS servers to provide users with interactive maps as an interface to the system. The spectral files, photographs and descriptive data are considered as belongings of a geospatial object. A spectral processing unit is responsible for evaluation of metadata quality and performing routine spectral processing tasks for newly-added data. As a result, by using internet browser software the users would be able to visually examine availability of data and/or search for data based on descriptive attributes associated to it. The proposed system is scalable and besides giving the users good sense of what data are available in the database, it facilitates participation of spectral reference data in producing geoinformation.

UML을 이용한 GIS기반 새만금 DIPSDRM 공법 모바일 관리 시스템 설계 및 구현

The world largest land reclamation project in the name of Saemangeum(Ariul) from 1991 to the present has been implementing in a part of the west coast of Korea. In the Saemangeum reclamation project, the large-scale project cost is used for the landfill reclamation. A number of landfill reclamation methods have been studied in order to reduce the large-scale cost of the Saemangeum project under construction. There are many studies related to the on-site real-time monitoring with mobile systems for operating a wide range of landfill. In order to apply the work method for efficient cost-savings in the landfill operations to the Samangeum project, this paper develops a mobile management system that is composed of a mobile interface module, a data server module for data transmission and storage, and an analysis server module to analyze the input data and derive the results. The mobile system is designed by analysing user`s and system requirements, functional interactions, and data flow using unified modeling language(UML). The user interface is developed for the on-site real-time monitoring through the status and related attributes of land reclamation by using the digital maps of the Samangeum coverage via mobile devices. Finally, a mobile management system would be developed that can provide a 3D GIS service based on the Dry Internal Project Site Digging Reclamation Method(DIPSDRM).

Layered simulation architecture: A practical approach

This article presents a practical approach to the design of federate architectures for the simulation developers by applying a well-known architectural style, layered architecture, from a developer’s perspective. Adopting layered architecture for an HLA-based simulation (i.e. a federate) provides a clear separation to the following concerns; the user interface (where the user can be a human or an external system such as a GIS server), the simulation logic, and the HLA-specific communication. Thus, layered simulation architecture allows the simulation developers to focus on each concern separately and gives them the freedom to implement each layer in a different programming language, and to encapsulate the repetitive and low-level implementation details of the HLA federate interface specification. Moreover, the article introduces a wrapper for the current HLA runtime infrastructure, and gives an account of the suggested implementation practices through a case study.

A Spatial Data Infrastructure for the Global Mercury Observation System

The Global Mercury Observation System (GMOS) Project includes a specific Work Package aimed at developing tools (i.e. databases, catalogs, services) to collect GMOS datasets, harvest mercury databases, and offer services like search, view, and download spatial datasets from the GMOS portal (www.gmos.eu). The system will be developed under the framework of the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) Directive and the Directive 2003/4/EC on public access to environmental information, which both aim to make relevant, harmonized, high-quality geographic information available to support the formulation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of policies and activities that have a direct or indirect impact on the environment. Three databases have been proposed (on emissions, field data and model results), and each will be equipped with state-of-the-art, open-source software to allow for the highest performance possible. Web-based user-interfaces and prototype applications will be developed to demonstrate the potential of blending different datasets from different servers for environmental assessment studies. Several services (i.e. catalog browsers, WMS and WCS services, web GIS services) will be developed to facilitate data integration, data re-use, and data exchange within and beyond the GMOS project. Different types of measurement and model datasets provided by project partners and other sources will be integrated into PostgreSQL-PostGIS, harmonized by creating INSPIRE-compliant metadata and made available to a larger community of stakeholders, policy makers, scientists, and NGOs (as well as to other public and private institutions, as dictated by the Directive 2003/4/EC). Since interoperability is a central concept for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), the Global Monitoring for Environmental and Security (GMES) and the INSPIRE Directive, guidelines developed in these three frameworks will be adopted. The use of standards will be a key concern throughout the encoding process. We will use the international standards for data and spatial schemas (ISO19107, ISO14825), for metadata (ISO19115:2003, ISO/DTS19139:2005, ISO15836) and for services (WMS 1.1.1, WFS 1.0, SLD 1.0, GML 3.1). On the other side, we will use XML for data exchange, together with SOAP, XSD, J2EE (for applications development) and W3C (for standard interfaces). With specific reference to GMES, the global database on mercury monitoring and the GMOS model outputs will be made available through a series of monitoring, forecast and re-analysis services. Finally, we hope the GMOS operational services will contribute to the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) project, by providing access to atmospheric environmental services.

Verifying the Correctness of GIS Service Chain Based on Pi-Calculus

As an important value-added function for GIS service, GIS service chain provides the application foundation for reusing and automation composition GIS services. An important issue for realizing the value-added service is ensuring the operation results of GIS service chain meet the user needs, so it needs to verify the correctness of GIS service chain. This paper introduces the equivalence theory of Pi-calculus. A practical GIS service chain formal model is established using Pi-calculus. The validity of GIS service chain model and whether it meets the need are verified using the formal tools.

Using Concatenated Steganography for Visual Analysis in GIS SOA

Abstract Geographic Information Systems (GIS) perform the computational processing of geographic data and store the geometry and the attributes of data that are geo-referenced, that is, situated on the earth surface and represented in a cartographic projection. Integral part of GIS functionality is an opportunity to make a complex analysis, which is able to integrate geo-referenced imagery as data layers or themes and link them to other data sets producing geospatial renderings of data. Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) GIS expose its capabilities as Web services with purpose to create a flexible and extensible GIS that can quickly respond to changing and future organizational needs. In that case client’s application sends specially formed requests to the GIS services and ensures visual processing of responses. But the drawback is the count of such requests, because imaginary data and data needed for analysis are received sequentially (not simultaneously). The purpose of this paper is to present the solution of decreasing the amount of geo-requests, enabling extensions to existing GIS visual analysis tools and bringing into GIS SOA synchronization mechanism designed on principles of concatenated steganography. This ensures that various geospatial data streams will be kept, transmitted and analytically processed together using concatenated steganography, strongly taking into account mutual relations between these streams.

"Applied Open -Web GIS Server based solution to develop the Web-Based Mapping Application using Open-Source Software Server (OSS)"

Wetlands are the transitional zones between permanently aquatic and dry terrestrial ecosystems. Wetland systems directly and indirectly support millions of people, providing goods and services to them. The use of remote sensing technology for the mapping, identification, inventory and classification of the wetlands has been a common application of satellite imagery. Remote sensing has provided a great mean to study various ecosystems of the earth including wetlands by providing cost and time effective data. For a country like India, with its vast biological and cultural diversity, a comprehensive use of remote sensing, GIS and other related technologies is of great use in their conservation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ij-ict.v1i1.547

SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN OF GIS WEB SERVICE AGGREGATION BASED ON SERVICE GROUP

Abstract. Based on the analysis of research status of domestic and international GIS web service aggregation and development tendency of public platform of GIS web service, the paper designed software architecture of GIS web service aggregation based on GIS web service group. Firstly, using heterogeneous GIS services model, the software architecture converted a variety of heterogeneous services to a unified interface of GIS services, and divided different types of GIS services into different service groups referring to description of GIS services. Secondly, a service aggregation process model was designed. This model completed the task of specific service aggregation instance, by automatically selecting member GIS Web services in the same service group. Dynamic capabilities and automatic adaptation of GIS Web services aggregation process were achieved. Thirdly, this paper designed a service evaluation model of GIS web service aggregation based on service group from three aspects, i.e. GIS Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer. This model implemented effective quality evaluation and performance monitoring of GIS web service aggregation. It could be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of aggregation process. Therefore, robustness of aggregated GIS web service was improved. Finally, the software architecture has been widely used in public platform of GIS web service and a number of geo-spatial framework constructions for digital city in Sichuan Province, and aggregated various GIS web services such as World Map(National Public Platform of Geo-spatial Service), ArcGIS, SuperMap, MapGIS, NewMap etc. Applications of items showed that this software architecture was practicability.

MULTI-CRITERIA PATH FINDING

Abstract. Path finding solutions are becoming a major part of many GIS applications including location based services and web-based GIS services. Most traditional path finding solutions are based on shortest path algorithms that tend to minimize the cost of travel from one point to another. These algorithms make use of some cost criteria that is usually an attribute of the edges in the graph network. Providing one shortest path limits user's flexibility when choosing a possible route, especially when more than one parameter is utilized to calculate cost (e.g., when length, number of traffic lights, and number of turns are used to calculate network cost.) K shortest path solutions tend to overcome this problem by providing second, third, and Kth shortest paths. These algorithms are efficient as long as the graphs edge weight does not change dynamically and no other parameters affect edge weights. In this paper we try to go beyond finding shortest paths based on some cost value, and provide all possible paths disregarding any parameter that may affect total cost. After finding all possible paths, we can rank the results by any parameter or combination of parameters, without a substantial increase in time complexity.